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Ancient Syrian city
see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of cuneiform script. Ebla (Sumerian: 𒌈𒆷 eb₂-la, Arabic: إبلا, modern: تل مرديخ, Tell Mardikh) was
Ebla
Collection of clay tablets from the ancient city of Ebla in Syria
The Ebla tablets are a collection of as many as 1,800 complete clay tablets, 4,700 fragments, and many thousands of minor chips found in the palace archives
Ebla_tablets
Topics referred to by the same term
Ebla was one of the earliest kingdoms in Syria. Ebla may also refer to: Ebla, a Syrian oil and gas processing company, see Shaer gas field HD 218566, star
Ebla_(disambiguation)
Tutelary goddess of Ebla
Išḫara was a goddess originally worshipped in Ebla and other nearby settlements in the north of modern Syria in the third millennium BCE. The origin of
Išḫara
Archaeological culture of Mesopotamia
west stretched states centered on cities such as Kish, Mari, Nagar, and Ebla. The study of Central and Lower Mesopotamia has long been given priority
Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)
Early_Dynastic_Period_(Mesopotamia)
The Treaty between Ebla and Abarsal is a diplomatic treaty that was concluded between the Early Bronze Age city-states of Ebla and Abarsal. It was signed
Treaty between Ebla and Abarsal
Treaty_between_Ebla_and_Abarsal
Title in the Syrian first Eblaite kingdom
presented by Alfonso Archi to indicate the second in command official of Ebla, whose native title was probably "head of the administration" (lugal sa-za)
Vizier_(Ebla)
Bronze Age city-kingdom in northern Syria
to in the Ebla texts. Armi was a vassal kingdom for Ebla, it had its own kings and worked as a trade center and Trading intermediary for Ebla. Giovanni
Armi_(Syria)
Ancient Semitic-speaking people from the Levant
city-states in various locations, such as Isin, Kurda, Larsa, Mari, and Ebla, and later founded Babylon and the Old Babylonian Empire. They also founded
Amorites
Eblaite and Hurrian god
also known as Aštabil, was a god worshiped in the third millennium BCE in Ebla, later incorporated into Hurrian beliefs in locations such as Alalakh and
Aštabi
Ruler of the Akkadian Empire (c. 2254–2218 BC)
as Tall Bazi) with its ruler Rid-Adad and Ebla (55 kilometers southwest of modern Aleppo) by Naram-Sin (Ebla was also defeated by his grandfather Sargon)
Naram-Sin_of_Akkad
Kings of an ancient Syrian city
The list of kings of Ebla includes the known monarchs of Ebla who ruled three consecutive kingdoms. For the first kingdom's monarchs, tablets listing offerings
List_of_kings_of_Ebla
Biblical city in the West Bank
Not Mentioned in Ebla Tablets, Say Ebla Expedition Scholars, BAR 9:06, Nov-Dec 1983. – “There is no reference to Jerusalem in the Ebla tablets, the Italians
Shechem
Ancient Sumerian and Amorite city
state before 2500 BC. This second Mari engaged in a long war with its rival Ebla and is known for its strong affinity with Sumerian culture. It was destroyed
Mari,_Syria
trading party of the 3rd millennium BC city of Ebla, mentioned 51 times in extant texts, most from the time of Ebla ruler Išar-Damu (c. 2300 BC). Its location
Dugurasu
Country in West Asia
indigenous civilization in the region was the Kingdom of Ebla near present-day Idlib, northern Syria. Ebla appears to have been founded around 3500 BC and gradually
Syria
Gas field in Syria
Governorate. Its prime investor was Petro-Canada and it supplies gas to the Ebla gas plant. The field primarily produces non-associated gas, i.e., independent
Shaer_gas_field
City-state in the ancient Near East
not clear, but it is believed to be in the same general area as Mari and Ebla. It is mentioned in the texts from the Akkadian period, specifically by Naram-Sin
Armanum
Village in Aleppo, Syria
Ablah (Arabic: عبلة, romanized: ‘Ablah; Kurdish: Ebla) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Situated in a wadi surrounded by
Ablah
The Ebla–biblical controversy refers to the disagreements between scholars regarding a possible connection between the Syrian city of Ebla and the Bible
Ebla–biblical_controversy
The Treaty between Ebla and Abarsal has been discovered in Ebla archives. The treaty appears to define a vassalage for Abarsal to Ebla. The treaty introduction
Abarsal
Region in the ancient Near East
Mediterranean coast. By the Early Bronze Age other sites had developed, such as Ebla (where an East Semitic language, Eblaite, was spoken), which by c. 2300 BC
Canaan
Extinct Semitic language used in the third millennium BC
Eblaite (/ˈɛblə.aɪt, ˈiːblə-/, also known as Eblan by ISO 639-3), or Palaeosyrian, is an extinct East Semitic language used during the 3rd millennium
Eblaite_language
Mounds in southeastern Anatolia
individuals, particularly from Ebla, Ashkalon, Baq'ah and Nuwayrat. Nemrik 9 Çayönü Boncuklu Nuwayrat Ebla Ashkelon Ebla Baq'ah The Nuwayrat individual
Taş_Tepeler
Hurrian goddess
spouse of various weather gods. She was already associated with Adad in Ebla and Aleppo in the third millennium BCE, and in later times they are attested
Ḫepat
Eblaite god
Hadabal (also spelled 'Adabal) was a god worshiped in Ebla and its surroundings in the third millennium BCE. He was one of the main gods of that area,
Hadabal
Proposed Mesopotamia civilization
theories among Ancient Near East scholars, which encompassed the sites of Ebla and Mari in the Levant, Nagar in the north, and the proto-Akkadian sites
Kish_civilization
Eblaite, Ugaritic and Ancient Egyptian deity
Rešep̄) was a god associated with war and plague, originally worshiped in Ebla in the third millennium BCE. He was one of the main members of the local
Resheph
Legendary proto-Somali queen
also spelled Arrawelo, Araweelo, Arraweelo, or Arawailo), also known as Ebla Awad, was a proto-Somali Queen in traditional folklore. Arawelo is said to
Arawelo
Eblaite god
Kura was a god worshiped in Ebla (modern Tell Mardikh in Syria) in the third millennium BCE. He was the tutelary god of the city, as well as the head of
Kura_(deity)
Country in West Asia
Bank. The personal name "Israel" appears much earlier, in material from Ebla. /ˈɪzriəl, -reɪ-/ ; Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל, romanised: Yīsrāʾēl [jisʁaˈʔel];
Israel
Ancient kingdom East of the Dead Sea
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Moab
King of Ebla
2340 BC) was king (Malikum) of the first Eblaite kingdom, whose era saw Ebla's turning into the dominant power in the Levant. During his reign, the vizier
Irkab-Damu
Country in West Asia
42. ISBN 978-1-4387-7382-7. Archi, Alfonso (2016). "Egypt or Iran in the Ebla Texts?". Orientalia. 85: 3. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021
Armenia
One of a cluster of five biblical cities
Hosea. There has also been some conjecture that Admah is mentioned in the Ebla tablets as the Eblaite word "ad-ma" or "ad-mu-utki" = (Town of) Admah. Sodom
Admah
Eblaite mountain god
Hammarigu, was a god worshiped in Ebla in the third millennium BCE. He was most likely a deified mountain. After the fall of Ebla, he was incorporated into the
Ammarik
Group of ancient Semitic religions
excavations. The earliest evidence of Canaanite religions come from the Ebla tablets, a series of texts inscribed on clay, found at Tell Mardikh, Syria
Canaanite_religion
Animal which is ritually burdened
some similarities to the scapegoat ritual also appear in Ancient Greece and Ebla. The scapegoat ritual was performed throughout the Second Temple period,
Scapegoat
Residents of the ancient Near East until the end of antiquity
BCE. Speakers of East Semitic included the people of the Akkadian Empire, Ebla, Assyria and Babylonia, but the branch's languages have since fallen out
Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples
Ancient_Semitic-speaking_peoples
Ancient Semitic kingdom in the Levant
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Ammon
dominated by the East Semitic-speaking kingdoms of Ebla, Nagar and the Mari. At its greatest extent, Ebla controlled an area roughly half the size of modern
History_of_the_ancient_Levant
Semitic kingdom in Syria
The Syrian city-states were subdued through alliances or force; Mamma, Ebla and Ugarit became vassals of Yamhad, while Qatna remained independent but
Yamhad
Eble III of Ventadorn was viscount of Ventadour (Corrèze, France). He was the son of Eble II, known as Eble le chanteur (Eble the singer), and of Agnes
Eble_III_of_Ventadorn
Country in West Asia
have been found in different Middle Bronze Age texts from the library of Ebla, and three of the twelve tablets of the Epic of Gilgamesh. The name is recorded
Lebanon
Middle Eastern goddess, worshipped from the Bronze Age through classical antiquity
associated with Amorite cities like Ugarit and Emar, as well as Mari and Ebla. She was also celebrated in Egypt, especially during the reign of the Ramessides
Astarte
One hundred years, from 2500 BC to 2401 BC
approximately 600 years of occupation. c. 2500–2250 BC: Ebla tablets are collected in the ancient city of Ebla, Syria. Discovered by Italian archaeologist Paolo
25th_century_BC
Eblaite goddess
of Ebla in the third millennium BCE as the wife of its tutelary god, Kura. She is not attested in any sources postdating the destruction of Ebla. Alfonso
Barama_(goddess)
Italian archaeologist (born 1940)
has been Director of the Ebla Expedition since 1963—in fact, its discoverer—and has published many articles and books about Ebla and about the History of
Paolo_Matthiae
Mesopotamian sun god
Manfted (1992). "Mesopotamian Myths at Ebla: ARET 5, 6 and ARET 5, 7". Literature and literary language at Ebla. Quaderni di semitistica. Dipartimento
Shamash
Babylonian legal text
fine is) twenty shekels of silver". The Treaty between Ebla and Abarsal was discovered in the Ebla archives. A number of the sections of the treaty cover
Code_of_Hammurabi
Eblaite and Hurrian goddess
Adamma was a goddess worshiped in Ebla in the third millennium BCE, later also documented in Hurrian sources and in Emar. The origin and meaning of her
Adamma_(goddess)
Ancient kingdom in the southern Levant
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Edom
Northern part of the region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
archives recovered at Ebla. Ebla, Mari, and Nagar were the dominant states for this period. The earliest texts indicate that Ebla paid tribute to Mari
Upper_Mesopotamia
Bronze Age god in ancient Syria
he could be invoked as a divine witness of oaths. According to texts from Ebla, Dagan's attributes were a chariot and a mace. Dagan's primary cult centers
Dagon
City in Aleppo Governorate, Syria
time at which Aleppo is first mentioned in cuneiform tablets unearthed in Ebla and Mesopotamia, which speak of it as part of the Amorite state of Yamhad
Aleppo
Israelite kingdom in the Southern Levant
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Kingdom_of_Judah
Ancient Semitic people in the Near East
Semitic-speaking kingdom of Ebla listing geographical names, and the term Armi, the Eblaite term for nearby Idlib, occurs frequently in the Ebla tablets (c. 2300
Arameans
Ancient Levantine state
Mesopotamia (Sumer, Akkad and Assyria).[clarification needed] Texts from Ebla also refer to a place spelled Mar-tu, with sources in the 24th century BCE
Amurru_kingdom
Cities destroyed by God in the Book of Genesis
known to represent Emar, an ancient city located near Ebla. Today, the scholarly consensus is that "Ebla has no bearing on ... Sodom and Gomorra." Robert Gnuse
Sodom_and_Gomorrah
Early Assyrian monarch
Adamu to appear there as Tubtiyamutu. In initial archaeological reports from Ebla, it appeared that Tudiya's existence was confirmed with the discovery of
Tudiya
Ancient city on the Levantine coast known from Ancient, Classical, and Medieval times
Ancestry proportions of Ascalon, Ebla, Baq'ah and Nuwayrat Bronze Age samples for the best-fit full model (qpAdm).
Ascalon
than those estimated for Mari (50,000); Uruk and Umma (40,000); Memphis, Ebla, Urkesh, and Shuruppak (30,000) (p. 28). Girsu (Telloh), the later capital
List of largest cities throughout history
List_of_largest_cities_throughout_history
Client state of the Roman Republic from 37 to 4 BCE
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Herodian_kingdom
2023 British drama film by Ken Loach
Turner), the owner of a small pub, who forms a bond with Syrian refugee Yara (Ebla Mari). It is a co-production between the United Kingdom, France and Belgium
The_Old_Oak
Region of ancient Israel
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Samaria
Biblical figure in the Book of Genesis
inscription at Ebla listing geographical names, and the term Armi, which is the Eblaite term for nearby Aleppo, occurs frequently in the Ebla tablets (ca
Aram,_son_of_Shem
Period of Levantine history
Age sites like Ebla, which by 2300 BCE, was incorporated once again into the empires of Sargon and Naram-Sin of Akkad. The archives of Ebla show reference
Prehistory_of_the_Levant
Writing or drawing surface
The Ebla Tablets". The Biblical Archaeologist. 47 (1): 6–16. doi:10.2307/3209872. ISSN 0006-0895. JSTOR 3209872. Wellisch, Hans H. (1981). "Ebla: The
Writing_material
with some 30,000 inhabitants, was the largest city of the time by far. Ebla is estimated to have had a population of 40,000 inhabitants in the Intermediate
List of cities of the ancient Near East
List_of_cities_of_the_ancient_Near_East
Mesopotamian goddess of beer
was a Mesopotamian goddess associated with beer. She was also worshiped in Ebla, where her name was spelled as Zilaš. Cognates of her name are also present
Siris_(goddess)
God(s) worshipped in ancient Canaan
Stieglitz, Robert R. (1990). "Ebla and the Gods of Canaan". In Cyrus Herzl Gordon; Gary Rendsburg (eds.). Eblaitica: essays on the Ebla archives and Eblaite language
Baal_Berith
Site of an ancient city in northern Israel's Jezreel Valley
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Tel_Megiddo
Species of domesticated mammal
and Ebla and the Chronology of the Middle Bronze Age", p. 161 (161 Archived October 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine) Matthiae, Paolo (2020). Ebla: Archaeology
Goat
Star in the constellation Pisces
in the equatorial zodiac constellation of Pisces. It has the proper name Ebla, after a kingdom in ancient Syria. With an apparent visual magnitude of 8
HD_218566
Historical region in the Levant mentioned in the Bible
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Bashan
Region of the Middle East
years ago. The oldest known libraries are found in Nippur (in Sumer) and Ebla (in Syria), both from c. 2500 BCE. Both the Tigris and Euphrates start in
Fertile_Crescent
Ancient city and archaeological site
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Gath_(city)
Semitic storm god
in the Canaanite and ancient Mesopotamian religions. He was attested in Ebla as "Hadda" in c. 2500 BCE. From the Levant, Hadad was introduced to Mesopotamia
Hadad
examples of cuneiform law. The oldest evidence of a code of law was found at Ebla, in modern Syria (c. 2400 BC). The Sumerian Code of Ur-Nammu (c. 2100–2050
List_of_ancient_legal_codes
Ancient Mesopotamian goddess
cult skyrocketed. Alfonso Archi, who was involved in early excavations of Ebla, assumes Ishtar was originally a goddess venerated in the Euphrates valley
Inanna
this time the main city-states were Ebla to the west and Mari to the south. In times of war between Ebla and Mari, Ebla was allied with Nagar circumventing
Mara-Il
Ancient Sumerian city
city of Ebla near the Mediterranean Sea, as shown by the Ebla tablets. According to the Ebla tablets, Kish was defeated in the time of Ebla ruler Ishar-Damu
Kish_(Sumer)
Village in Syria
oldest cities, located on a crossroads of two trade routes northwest of Ebla, in a landscape that was much more fertile than it is today. It has been
Umm_el-Marra
Ancient Hurrian-speaking state in northern Syria and southeast Anatolia
Astour, Michael C.. "A Reconstruction of the History of Ebla (Part 2)". Eblaitica: Essays on the Ebla Archives and Eblaite Language, Volume 4, edited by Cyrus
Mitanni
Syrian goddess
the pantheon of the middle Euphrates area. She was already worshiped in Ebla and Tuttul in the third millennium BCE, and later her cult is attested in
Shalash
archaeologists. Recently, radiocarbon dates from the final destruction of Ebla have been shown to definitely favour the middle chronology (with the fall
Chronology of the ancient Near East
Chronology_of_the_ancient_Near_East
Territory inhabited by the Philistines in Canaan
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Philistia
City in Syria
dating back to 8500 BCE was identified at Tell Ain el-Kerkh, near Idlib. The Ebla tablets (2350 BCE) mention the city of 𒁺𒄷𒆷𒇥𒌝 (du-ḫu-la-bu6-um "Duhulabum")
Idlib
Biblical figure identified with fallen angel
as part of Yom Kippur. The scapegoat ritual can be traced back to 2400 BC Ebla, whence it spread throughout the ancient Near East. The Tyndale Bible, a
Azazel
United kingdom of Israel and Judah (10th c. BCE)
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)
Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)
Mesopotamian kingdom
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Andarig
Historical region of West Asia
(Sanctuary of Nanna), Middle Bronze Age remains at Syrian-Turkish sites of Ebla, Mari, Alalakh, Aleppo and Kultepe, Late Bronze Age palaces at Hattusa, Ugarit
Mesopotamia
Neolithic archaeological site in Turkey
the west Stratum VI. Göbeklitepe Nemrik 9 Çayönü Boncuklu Nuwayrat Ebla Ashkelon Ebla Baq'ah Human samples from Boncuklu Tarla dated to around 9000-8500
Boncuklu_Tarla
Archaeological site in Iraq
Neolithic A stage. Göbekli_Tepe Nemrik 9 Çayönü Boncuklu Nuwayrat Ebla Ashkelon Ebla Baq'ah Human samples from Nemrik dated to circa 9500-8000 BCE were
Nemrik_9
Aramean polity from 12th century BCE to 732 BCE
Jericho Byblos Ebla Ugarit Urkesh Bronze Age Akkadian Empire Alashiya Amorite states Alalakh Amurru Andarig Apum First Babylon Third Ebla Ekallatum Emar
Aram-Damascus
Library that supports scholarly research
from across regions. The oldest known library in the world was excavated in Ebla in northern Syria. Excavation of the site of the ancient city began in 1964
Research_library
Ancient city in Syria
the source of many cuneiform tablets, making it rank with Ugarit, Mari and Ebla among the most important archaeological sites of Syria. In these texts, dating
Emar
The earliest evidence of beer in Syria came from the Ebla tablets, discovered in 1974 in Ebla and presumed to go back to 2500 BC, reveal that the city
Beer_in_Syria
Transcontinental geopolitical region
civilizations in Iran, as well as the civilizations of the Levant (such as Ebla, Mari, Nagar, Ugarit, Canaan, Aramea, Mitanni, Phoenicia, and Israel) and
Middle_East
Alcoholic drink made from fermented cereal grains
in part, have referred to the consumption of beer. The Ebla tablets, discovered in 1974 in Ebla, Syria, show that beer was produced in the city in 2500
Beer
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