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Operating system focused on disk-based file operations
A disk operating system (DOS) is a computer operating system that requires a hard disk (HDD), floppy disk, solid-state drive (SSD), or other direct-access
Disk_operating_system
Family of operating systems for IBM PC compatibles
operating systems, DOS is a platform-independent acronym for disk operating system, whose use predates the IBM PC. Dozens of other operating systems also
DOS
Watch watchOS Apple TV tvOS Embedded operating systems bridgeOS Apple Vision Pro visionOS Embedded operating systems A/ROSE iPod software (unnamed embedded
List_of_operating_systems
Computer operating system for applications with critical timing constraints
A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system (OS) for real-time computing applications that processes data and events that have critically
Real-time_operating_system
Video game character from the Portal series
GLaDOS (Genetic Lifeform and Disk Operating System) is a fictional character in the video game series Portal, created by Erik Wolpaw and Kim Swift, and
GLaDOS
This is a list of disk operating systems with the acronym DOS as part of the name (e.g., TRSDOS for the TRS-80 line of computers). Many are (or were in
List of disk operating systems called DOS
List_of_disk_operating_systems_called_DOS
Discontinued family of computer operating systems
mass-market operating system created in 1974 for Intel 8080-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc. CP/M is a disk operating system and
CP/M
Creation of accessible areas on secondary storage device
that the operating system reads before any other part of the disk. Each partition then appears to the operating system as a distinct "logical" disk that uses
Disk_partitioning
Free MS-DOS emulator
otherwise inaccessible since hardware for running a compatible disk operating system (DOS) is obsolete and generally unavailable today. It was first
DOSBox
Operating system
MDOS (short for Myarc Disk Operating System) is an operating system commercialized by Myarc. It was designed and implemented specifically for the Geneve
Myarc_Disk_Operating_System
Operating system for Tandy TRS-80 computers
TRSDOS (which stands for the Tandy Radio Shack Disk Operating System) is the operating system for the Tandy TRS-80 line of eight-bit Zilog Z80 microcomputers
TRSDOS
Operating system
Atari DOS is the disk operating system used with the Atari 8-bit computers. Operating system extensions loaded into memory were required in order for
Atari_DOS
MSDOS-like operating system
DR-DOS is a disk operating system for IBM PC compatibles, originally developed by Gary A. Kildall's Digital Research, Inc. and derived from Concurrent
DR-DOS
Microsoft computer operating system
(/ˌɛmˌɛsˈdɒs/ em-ess-DOSS; acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System, also known as Microsoft DOS) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly
MS-DOS
IBM mainframe operating system designed for use with smaller machines
Disk Operating System/360, also DOS/360, or simply DOS, is the discontinued first member of a sequence of operating systems for IBM System/360, System/370
DOS/360_and_successors
DOS, and at least partially compatible disk operating systems. It does not include the many other operating systems called "DOS" which are unrelated to IBM
Comparison of MS-DOS compatible operating systems
Comparison_of_MS-DOS_compatible_operating_systems
Events in the history of 16-bit x86 DOS-family disk operating systems
in the history of 16-bit x86 DOS-family disk operating systems from 1980 to present. Non-x86 operating systems named "DOS" are not part of the scope of
Timeline of DOS operating systems
Timeline_of_DOS_operating_systems
Aspect of computing history
Computer operating systems (OSes) provide a set of functions needed and used by most application programs on a computer, and the links needed to control
History_of_operating_systems
Computer operating system
for IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System), also known as IBM DOS or PC DOS, is a discontinued disk operating system for the IBM Personal Computer
IBM_PC_DOS
1979–1991 home computer series
wrong slot. The operating system boots automatically, loading drivers from devices on the serial bus (SIO). The disk operating system for managing floppy
Atari_8-bit_computers
Operating system for Amiga computers
single-user operating system based on a preemptive multitasking kernel, called Exec. AmigaOS provides an abstraction of the Amiga's hardware, a disk operating system
AmigaOS
Discontinued family of computer operating systems
with the system stored in ROM, then named CP/NOS (with NOS for Network Operating System). Similar, MP/NOS contained MP/M without local disk facilities
MP/M
Type of software utility
mount points, renaming volumes, disk checking, and disk formatting. Typically, an operating system (OS) includes a disk utility for basic operations, and
Disk_utility
Discontinued modular real-time multiuser multitasking operating system
FlexOS is a discontinued modular real-time multiuser multitasking operating system (RTOS) designed for computer-integrated manufacturing, laboratory, retail
FlexOS
Software that manages computer hardware resources
Microcomputers) was the most popular operating system for microcomputers. Later, IBM bought a disk operating system from Microsoft, which IBM sold as IBM
Operating_system
Computer operating system
due to the absence of an operating system. The only software that SCP could sell with the board was Microsoft's Standalone Disk BASIC-86, which Microsoft
86-DOS
Operating system
Technologies Operating System, also known variously as CTOS, BTOS and STARSYS, is a discontinued modular, message-passing, multiprocess-based operating system. It
Convergent Technologies Operating System
Convergent_Technologies_Operating_System
Data security technology
area of a bootable disk, with code that starts the operating system loading sequence. Some hardware-based full disk encryption systems can truly encrypt
Disk_encryption
Single-tasking operating system for the Motorola 6800
and pointing devices. FLEX is a disk-based operating system, using 256-byte sectors on soft-sectored floppies; the disk structure uses linkage bytes in
FLEX_(operating_system)
(IBM's Disk Operating System) GEORGE 1 & 2 for ICT 1900 series Mod 1 Mod 2 Mod 8 MS/8 (Richard F. Lary's DEC PDP-8 system) MSOS (Mass Storage Operating System)
Timeline_of_operating_systems
IBM computer family (1964–1977)
The smaller System/360 models used the Basic Operating System/360 (BOS/360), Tape Operating System (TOS/360), or Disk Operating System/360 (DOS/360,
IBM_System/360
System software for supercomputers
Sharing System Timeline of operating systems T-0103C-CRAY_1_Computer_System-Operating_System_COS_Workbook-Training-15th September_1981 "COS 1.17 disk image
Cray_Operating_System
Computer filing system
NTFS file system in the Windows NT family of operating systems, and the ODS-2 (On-Disk Structure-2) and higher levels of the Files-11 file system in OpenVMS
File_system
Floppy disk drive for the Commodore 64
MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor, doubling as a disk controller and on-board disk operating system processor. The number of sectors per track varies
Commodore_1541
Family of disk operating systems
Apple DOS is the disk operating system for the Apple II computers from late 1978 through early 1983. It was superseded by ProDOS in 1983. Apple DOS has
Apple_DOS
Operating system
ISIS, short for Intel System Implementation Supervisor, was an operating system for early Intel microprocessors like the 8080. It was originally developed
ISIS_(operating_system)
Apple II disk operating system
marketed by Apple as meaning Professional Disk Operating System, and became the most popular operating system for the Apple II 10 months after its release
Apple_ProDOS
Microsoft Unix operating system
"single-user, single-tasking operating system", which can run from floppy disks. Xenix, Allen said, "really should be used with a hard disk". MS-DOS and Xenix are
Xenix
8-bit graphical operating system
GEOS (Graphic Environment Operating System) is a discontinued operating system from Berkeley Softworks (later GeoWorks). Originally designed for the Commodore
GEOS_(8-bit_operating_system)
on-disk directory entry structures themselves, as well as those imposed by operating systems across all file systems. Particular Installable File System
Comparison_of_file_systems
Hard disk monitoring software
Hard Disk Sentinel (HDSentinel) is a computer hard disk drive-monitoring software for Windows, Linux and DOS operating systems. Hard Disk Sentinel was
Hard_Disk_Sentinel
Off TRON—Trace On TRON—The Real-time Operating system Nucleus TRSDOS—Tandy Radio Shack – Disk Operating System TS—Timestamp TSIG—Transaction signature
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Operating system of the Atari ST range of computers
(loaded separately): GDOS – Graphics Device Operating System AHDI – Atari Hard Disk Interface (hard disk driver) True multitasking was not directly supported
Atari_TOS
Process of preparing a data storage device for initial use
directory information for the operating system. The low-level format of floppy disks (and early hard disks) is performed by the disk drive's controller. For
Disk_formatting
Operating system virtualization paradigm
OS-level virtualization is an operating system (OS) virtualization paradigm in which the kernel allows the existence of multiple isolated user space instances
OS-level_virtualization
Computer software for running local area networks
hard disk. Historically, a network operating system was an operating system for a computer which implemented network capabilities. Operating systems with
Network_operating_system
British 8-bit microcomputer, 1977 to 1985
RAM. When fitted with an optional floppy disk drive the system ran the CP/M operating system. The basic system came with a text-only monochrome video card
Research_Machines_380Z
IBM computer model from 1960s
optional. Operating System choices: BPS - Basic Programming Support BOS - Basic Operating System TOS - Tape Operating System DOS - Disk Operating System BPS
IBM_System/360_Model_30
Personal computer by Apple Inc.
SOS operating system released three years earlier, Lisa's disk operating system also organizes its files in hierarchical directories. File system directories
Apple_Lisa
Topics referred to by the same term
operating system for Intel 8080 machines Motorola Disk Operating System for the M6800 based EXORciser development system in the 1970s Motorola Disk Operating
MDOS
Computer file consisting of the contents of a storage device
the size of image files. Disk imaging is performed for a variety of purposes including digital forensics, cloud computing, system administration, backup
Disk_image
Operating system
is a disk operating system for the 8-bit Amstrad CPC Computer (and various clones). The name is a contraction of Amstrad Disk Operating System. AMSDOS
AMSDOS
Core of a computer operating system
parts of the operating system. The kernel performs its tasks, such as scheduling processes, managing hardware devices such as the hard disk, and handling
Kernel_(operating_system)
3½-inch 800 KB disk format for its 8-bit machines with the 1581 disk drive, which uses only MFM. The GEOS operating system uses a disk format that is
Floppy_disk_variants
GEC operating system introduced in 1977
since then. The first operating systems for the GEC 4000 series were COS (Core Operating System) and DOS (Disk Operating System). These were basically
OS4000
Removable disk storage medium
disk drives for removable storage; the CP/M operating system was developed for microcomputers with 8-inch drives. The family of 8-inch (200 mm) disks
Floppy_disk
Computer file system architecture design
is cleared, the operating system has encountered disk I/O errors on startup, a possible indication for bad sectors. Operating systems aware of this extension
Design_of_the_FAT_file_system
File system used by MS-DOS and Windows 9x
of its compatibility across operating systems and embedded systems, and ease of implementation. FAT was used on hard disks throughout the DOS and Windows
File_Allocation_Table
8-bit operating system by Microsoft
MSX-DOS is a discontinued disk operating system developed by Microsoft's Japan subsidiary for the 8-bit home computer standard MSX, and is a cross between
MSX-DOS
producing operating systems and programming languages for CP/M, the Atari 8-bit computers and Apple II. SMI is most noted for the original Apple II disk operating
Shepardson_Microsystems
Apple III operating system
The Sophisticated Operating System, or SOS (/sɔːs/), is the primary operating system of the Apple III computer. SOS was developed by Apple Computer and
Apple_SOS
Home computer model
instant system start-up. The Dragon 32/64 was capable of running multiple disk operating systems, and a range of popular games were ported to the system. Overall
Dragon_32/64
Family of IBM operating systems
family of virtual machine operating systems used on IBM mainframes including the System/370, System/390, IBM Z and compatible systems. It replaced the older
VM_(operating_system)
Disk operating system
discontinued Disk Operating System (DOS) written by Paul Laughton, Mark Rose, Bill Wilkinson, and Mike Peters and published by Optimized Systems Software
DOS_XL
Disk operating system for the ZX Spectrum
TR-DOS is a disk operating system for the ZX Spectrum with Beta Disc and Beta 128 disc interfaces. TR-DOS and Beta disc were developed by Technology Research
TR-DOS
File format developed by Apple and used by macOS
Apple Disk Image is a disk image format commonly used by the macOS operating system. When opened, an Apple Disk Image is mounted as a volume within the
Apple_Disk_Image
Programming system for Apple II and III
Pascal was also available. Apple Pascal Operating System introduced a new disk format. Instead of dividing the disk into 256-byte sectors as in DOS 3.2,
Apple_Pascal
1987 home computer
drives, 1.44 MB each (compact models) Hard Disk: 20-80 MB SASI/SCSI (depending on model) Operating Systems: Human68k (MS DOS-alike developed by Hudson)
X68000
Embedded DOS and Linux company
embedded systems, licensed from Caldera Systems, Inc., another subsidiary of Caldera, Inc. Another product was DR-DOS, an MS-DOS–compatible disk operating system
Lineo
Command in various operating systems
via Internet Archive. "FLEX 2.0 User's Manual" (PDF). 86-DOS - Disk Operating System for the 8086 - User's Manual (PDF). Version 0.3 (Preliminary ed
Del_(command)
Computer maintenance utility
Disk Cleanup (cleanmgr.exe) is a computer maintenance utility included in Microsoft Windows designed to free up disk space. It was introduced in Windows
Disk_Cleanup
Operating system for mobile devices
Android is an operating system owned by Google which is based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other free and open-source software, designed
Android_(operating_system)
Computer operating system
operating system of macOS, iOS, watchOS, tvOS, iPadOS, audioOS, visionOS, and bridgeOS. It previously existed as an independent open-source operating
Darwin_(operating_system)
Computer operating system
a discontinued operating system based upon IBM's mainframe DOS/360. The name stands for extended (or enhanced) disk operating system. It was later purchased
Edos
Operating system
as CBM DOS, is the disk operating system used with Commodore's 8-bit computers. Unlike most other DOSes, which are loaded from disk into the computer's
Commodore_DOS
Early portable microcomputer
It weighs 24.5 lb (11.1 kg), cost US$1,795, and runs the CP/M 2.2 operating system. It is powered from a wall socket, as it has no on-board battery, but
Osborne_1
computer) operating systems. The article "Usage share of operating systems" provides a broader, and more general, comparison of operating systems that includes
Comparison of operating systems
Comparison_of_operating_systems
Operating system
frozen snapshot of the operating system, written to disk. A typical Pilot workstation ran 3 operating systems at once on 3 different disk volumes : Co-Co-Pilot
Pilot_(operating_system)
Process of duplicating all data on a digital storage drive
computers to learn. Disk cloning can be used to help keep computers clean and configured correctly. Further, while installing the operating system is quick, installation
Disk_cloning
Series of modular microcomputer systems
optional keyboard. The Acorn System 3 added a floppy disk controller card, floppy disk drive, and disk operating system ROM, replacing the cassette interface
Acorn_System
Acorn-clone personal computer
hardware ROM module, using 32-bit addressing mode. Support for the Linux operating system Support for "legacy" Acorn DEBI expansion cards USB interfacing It
Iyonix_PC
Desktop computer developed by Xerox
Xerox in the early 1980s. The computer runs under the CP/M operating system and uses floppy disk drives for mass storage. The microprocessor board is a licensed
Xerox_820
Programming language for microcomputers based on PL/1 and XPL
the PDP-10 to the 8080, Kildall used PL/M to write a disk operating system that allowed a floppy disk to be used. This was the basis of CP/M. Kildall was
PL/M
Operating system
PTDOS or Processor Technology Disk Operating System is an operating system created in the late 1970s for computers using the Intel 8080 microprocessor
PTDOS
Type of decentralized filesystem
system, the shared-disk file system – by adding mechanisms for concurrency control – provides a consistent and serializable view of the file system,
Clustered_file_system
Operating system by Apple
Copland is an operating system developed by Apple for Macintosh computers between 1994 and 1996 but never commercially released. It was intended to be
Copland_(operating_system)
Drive cloning software
operating system. Instead, Clonezilla was designed under the assumption that the disk should be cloned without interfering with the operating system.
Clonezilla
Disk operating system for Soviet/Russian ZX Spectrum clones
iS-DOS is a disk operating system for Soviet/Russian ZX Spectrum clones. iS-DOS was developed in 1990 or 1991, by Iskra Soft, in Leningrad, Soviet Union
IS-DOS
Computer files in nested directories
The CP/M operating system uses a flat file system, with a directory containing information on a maximum of 64 files—adequate when a floppy disk held only
Hierarchical_file_system
Apple IIGS operating system
time, disk access, screen updates) compared with the previous OS, and provided room to incorporate many features of other Apple operating systems, including
Apple_GS/OS
Apple operating system
Rhapsody is an operating system that was developed by Apple Computer after its purchase of NeXT in the late 1990s. It is the fifth major release of the
Rhapsody_(operating_system)
Signal to a computer processor emitted by hardware or software
might have global impact. Some operating systems have code specifically to deal with this. As an example, IBM Operating System/360 (OS/360) relies on a not-ready
Interrupt
Multitasking operating system written in Oberon
be compressed to one 3.5" floppy disk. There are versions which emulated the Oberon OS on another operating system and versions which run on bare hardware
Oberon_(operating_system)
Limit set by a system administrator restricting some file system usage
A disk quota is a limit set by a system administrator that restricts certain aspects of file system usage on modern operating systems. The function of
Disk_quota
Linux distribution developed by System76
out-of-the-box support for both AMD and Nvidia GPUs. Pop!_OS provides default disk encryption, streamlined window and workspace management, keyboard shortcuts
Pop!_OS
Series of Macintosh operating systems
Mac operating systems were developed by Apple Inc. in a succession of two major series. In 1984, Apple debuted the operating system that is now known
Mac_operating_systems
Vendor-neutral file system, used in practice for DVDs and other optical discs
Universal Disk Format (UDF) is an open, vendor-neutral file system for computer data storage for a broad range of media. In practice, it has been most
Universal_Disk_Format
Process of starting a computer
little of the disk operating system relied on ROM, the hardware was also extremely flexible and supported a wide range of customized disk copy protection
Booting
This article lists notable commands provided by the MS-DOS disk operating system (DOS), especially as used on an IBM PC compatible computer. Other DOS
List_of_DOS_commands
communication and disk operation, though only supporting 4k of main memory. The disk operating system is actually contained within the disk drive unit with
Commodore_8050
DISK OPERATING-SYSTEM
DISK OPERATING-SYSTEM
Boy/Male
Australian, Egyptian
Sun Disk
Boy/Male
German Teutonic American Dutch English
Dagger.
Girl/Female
Norse Greek
Spirited.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Diss in Suffolk, which gets its name from a Norman pronunciation of Middle English diche, Old English dīc ‘ditch’, ‘dike’ (see Dyke).German : habitational name from Dissen near the Teutoburg forest.
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, Greek, Norse, Scandinavian, Swedish
Active Spirit; Goddess; Double
Girl/Female
British, English
Direction
Boy/Male
Swedish English
Fisherman.
Girl/Female
Norse
Spirited.
Male
Dutch
, people's ruler.
Male
German
 Short form of German Diederick, DIRK means "first of the people; king of nations."
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Swedish, Teutonic
Rich and Powerful Ruler; Powerful; Rich Ruler; Dominant Ruler; Peaceful Ruler; Strong Power; Hardy Power; Powerful Ruler; Brave; First of the People
Boy/Male
Teutonic American English German Shakespearean
Rules the people.
Male
Egyptian
, disk.
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia)
English (East Anglia) : metonymic occupational name for a fisherman or fish seller, or a nickname for someone supposedly resembling a fish in some way, from Old Norse fiskr ‘fish’ (cognate with Old English fisc).
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Indian, Netherlands, Scandinavian, Swedish, Swiss, Teutonic
Ruler of the People; Form of Derek; First of the People; King of Nations
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : unexplained. The name has been recorded in Glastonbury, Somerset, since 1705.Perhaps a variant of Czech LiÅ¡ka, (see Liska), Slovak LÃÅ¡ka, or German Liske.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, Scandinavian
Fisherman; Fish
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Ruler of People
Male
English
 Short form of English Richard, DICK means "powerful ruler." Compare with another form of Dick.
Male
Egyptian
, the most lovely Disk.
DISK OPERATING-SYSTEM
DISK OPERATING-SYSTEM
Boy/Male
Celtic Irish
Interpreter.
Boy/Male
Egyptian
God of the dead.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Indian, Iranian, Parsi
A Character in Shahnameh
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
White; Bright; Brilliant; Innocent; Pure; Feminine of Abyad
Boy/Male
Arabic
Servant of the Leader
Girl/Female
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Muslim, Tamil, Telugu
Energetic and Full of Life; Loves her Life
Girl/Female
German, Hebrew
Supplanter
Boy/Male
Tamil
Hitendra | ஹிதேநà¯à®¤à¯à®°
Well wisher
Boy/Male
Arabic, Parsi
Leisure; Happiness; Opportunity
Female
Icelandic
Icelandic form of Latin Laura, LÃRA means "laurel."
DISK OPERATING-SYSTEM
DISK OPERATING-SYSTEM
DISK OPERATING-SYSTEM
DISK OPERATING-SYSTEM
DISK OPERATING-SYSTEM
n.
The state of being concave, or like a dish, or the degree of such concavity; as, the dish of a wheel.
a.
Based upon, or consisting of, an operation or operations; as, operative surgery.
n.
The act or process of operating; agency; the exertion of power, physical, mechanical, or moral.
n.
A disk. See Disk.
n.
A circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood disc, a germinal disc, etc. Same as Disk.
v. t.
To make concave, or depress in the middle, like a dish; as, to dish a wheel by inclining the spokes.
n.
The food served in a dish; hence, any particular kind of food; as, a cold dish; a warm dish; a delicious dish. "A dish fit for the gods."
n.
To expose to risk, hazard, or peril; to venture; as, to risk goods on board of a ship; to risk one's person in battle; to risk one's fame by a publication.
v. t.
To make dusk.
n.
A flat, circular plate; as, a disk of metal or paper.
n.
The lower side of the body of some invertebrates, especially when used for locomotion, when it is often called a creeping disk.
v. t.
To put in a dish, ready for the table.
v. i.
To grow dusk.
v. t.
To shut up, as in a desk; to treasure.
n.
The act of operating or working; operation.
n.
To incur the risk or danger of; as, to risk a battle.
n.
A circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood disk; germinal disk, etc.
a.
Producing the appropriate or designed effect; efficacious; as, an operative dose, rule, or penalty.
v. t.
To stab with a dirk.
n.
The act of cooperating, or of operating together to one end; joint operation; concurrent effort or labor.