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Ecological and environmental philosophy
Deep ecology is an environmental philosophy that promotes the inherent worth of all living beings regardless of their instrumental utility to human needs
Deep_ecology
Chilean-American businessman and environmentalist (1943–2015)
Esprit and various environmental groups, including the Foundation for Deep Ecology and Tompkins Conservation. Beginning in the mid-1960s, he and Susie Tompkins
Douglas_Tompkins
General dislike of humanity
in the field of deep ecology are also often critical of human exceptionalism and tend to favor a misanthropic perspective. Deep ecology is a philosophical
Misanthropy
Branch of anarchism focused on the environment
theory of social ecology, which argues that environmental issues stem directly from social issues; Arne Næss defined the theory of deep ecology, which advocates
Green_anarchism
Philosophy advocating human progress through technology and mastery over nature
prioritizes human interests and needs over those of ecosystems (as with deep ecology) or the individual needs of creatures (as in eco-feminism). In his 1992
Prometheanism
Norwegian philosopher and mountaineer (1912–2009)
– 12 January 2009) was a Norwegian philosopher who coined the term "deep ecology", an important intellectual and inspirational figure within the environmental
Arne_Næss
Anarchist critique of civilization
and deep ecology were beginning to attract interest. Primitivism, as outlined in Zerzan's work, first gained popularity as enthusiasm in deep ecology began
Anarcho-primitivism
Branch of philosophy
status of animals and plants Endangered species Environmentalism and deep ecology Aesthetic value of nature Intrinsic value Wilderness Restoration of nature
Environmental_philosophy
New Zealand–born philosopher
non-human, natural world. For this he was sometimes considered a defender of deep ecology, but he was in fact very critical of much of the domain. Further, Sylvan
Richard_Sylvan
Philosophy current
philosopher Félix Guattari and the Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss, father of deep ecology, around 1992. Ecosophy also refers to a field of practice introduced
Ecosophy
Canadian ecologist (1934–2011)
leading role in developing "left biocentrism" within the philosophy of deep ecology. Orton and his collaborators added the word "left" to biocentrism to
David_Orton_(deep_ecology)
1982 book by Murray Bookchin
The Ecology of Freedom: The Emergence and Dissolution of Hierarchy is a 1982 book by the American libertarian socialist and ecologist Murray Bookchin
The_Ecology_of_Freedom
Philosophy opposing modern technology
anti-globalization movement, anarcho-primitivism, radical environmentalism, and deep ecology. Neo-Luddism is based on the concern of the technological impact on individuals
Neo-Luddism
Stance of environmentalism that values should be centered around nature, not humanity
processes. The term also finds expression in the first principle of the deep ecology movement, as formulated by Arne Næss and George Sessions in 1984 which
Ecocentrism
radical environmentalism that include deep ecology, ecofeminism, social ecology and bioregionalism. Deep Ecology is attributed to Arne Naess and is defined
Radical_environmentalism
Study of relationships between people and their environment
Social ecology is the study of how people engage with, respond to, and impact their environment. Early social ecology existed within the frameworks of
Social ecology (academic field)
Social_ecology_(academic_field)
Ideology merging socialism with green politics
socialist ecology, ecological materialism, or revolutionary ecology) is an ideology merging aspects of socialism with that of green politics, ecology and alter-globalization
Eco-socialism
Australian philosopher
developing the deep ecology approach to environmental philosophy. His central publication in this area was Toward a Transpersonal Ecology: Developing New
Warwick_Fox
Subculture that advocates a biocentric worldview
seen as a more extreme version of straight edge, with influences from deep ecology philosophy. From its outset, hardline adherents put out statements and
Hardline_(subculture)
Concept of coping with climate collapse
“deep” indicates that strong measures are required to adapt to an unraveling of industrial lifestyles, following prior usages such as deep ecology. The
Deep_Adaptation
American philosopher
Environmental Philosophy: From Animal Rights to Radical Ecology was the first to include essays on deep ecology and he helped develop an integrative model for
Michael_E._Zimmerman
Authoritarian environmentalist ideology
12596. Bookchin, Murray (Summer 1987). "Social Ecology Versus Deep Ecology: A Challenge for the Ecology Movement". Green Perspectives: Newsletter of the
Ecofascism
Environmental magazine
commonly held beliefs in Earth First! culture, such as biocentrism, deep ecology, and direct action. The magazine is also commonly known as the Earth
Earth_First!_(magazine)
Simplified, minimalistic lifestyle
anti-consumerist, or anti-war movements, including conservation, degrowth, deep ecology, and tax resistance. A number of religious and spiritual traditions encourage
Simple_living
Time scales on the billions of years
Joanna Macy argue that experiencing deep time is essential to planetary stewardship, influencing movements like deep ecology and ecosophy. Together, these voices
Deep_time
Concept in environmental philosophy
philosophy, ecological self is central to the school of Experiential Deep Ecology, which, based on the work of Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss, argues
Ecological_self
Radical environmental movement
connotations, argued that transgender rights are a transhumanist conspiracy. Deep ecology Ecofeminism Eco-terrorism Luddite Radical environmentalism Ecofascism
Deep_Green_Resistance
Part of environmental philosophy
the libertarian extension, although they preferred the term "deep ecology". Deep ecology is the argument for the intrinsic value or inherent worth of
Environmental_ethics
Australian environmentalist
rainforests of New South Wales. He is also a prominent figure in the deep ecology movement and co-creator of the Council of All Beings, and other re-earthing
John_Seed
Act of violence committed in support of environmental causes
out of the same school of thought that brought about deep ecology, ecofeminism, social ecology, and bioregionalism. Large-N datasets have found very
Eco-terrorism
Spirituality expressed through ecology and environmental activism
Ecospirituality has been critiqued for being an umbrella term for concepts such as deep ecology, ecofeminism, and nature religion. Proponents may come from a range of
Ecospirituality
Philosophy advocating governance and culture based on ecological and geographic regions
redirect targets Distributism – Economic theory promoting local control Deep ecology – Ecological and environmental philosophy Global Scenario Group – International
Bioregionalism
American activist (1936–2023)
last major campaign, the Turning Point Project for the Foundation for Deep Ecology, encompassed 25 weekly full-page ads in the New York Times on a range
Jerry_Mander
French politician and philosopher
[citation needed] As a humanist, Ferry is highly critical of animal rights, deep ecology and environmentalism which he dismisses for elevating the moral status
Luc_Ferry
Television series
ORCA (Oceanic Research Centre of Australia). The show is an example of deep ecology science fiction. Ocean Girl inspired an animated series, The New Adventures
Ocean_Girl
English explorer and author
paperback.[citation needed] In 2010, Asher began writing a column on deep ecology and environmental issues in the Kenyan national daily newspaper The Star
Michael_Asher_(explorer)
American poet (1927–2019)
writing influence derived from an interest in Buddhist philosophy and deep ecology. Residing in a rural part of Maui, Hawaii, he wrote prolifically and
W._S._Merwin
American poet (born 1930)
Francisco Renaissance and he has been described as the "poet laureate of Deep Ecology". Snyder is a winner of a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry and the American
Gary_Snyder
American ecophilosopher
Democracy Now! says that he "has been called the poet-philosopher of the ecology movement". Jensen lives in Crescent City, California, and has cats. with
Derrick_Jensen_(activist)
American mountaineer
mountaineer, skier, tai chi teacher, independent scholar, and leader in the Deep ecology movement. Born in Denver, Colorado, on July 4, 1926, she attended Catholic
Dolores_LaChapelle
American writer, scholar and activist (1929–2025)
activist, author and scholar of Buddhism, general systems theory and deep ecology. She was married to Francis Underhill Macy, the activist and Russian
Joanna_Macy
Stance favoring the convergence of technological change with environmentalism
green brand of environmentalism is associated with ideas of ecocentrism, deep ecology, degrowth, anti-consumerism, post-materialism, holism, the Gaia hypothesis
Bright_green_environmentalism
Study of organisms and their environment
Ecology (from Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos) 'house' and -λογία (-logía) 'study of') is the natural science which studies the interactions between organisms
Ecology
Finnish ecologist (1932–2020)
thinker, and is linked by some authors to ecofascism and to authoritarian deep ecology. Linkola was a year-round fisherman from 1959 to 1995. He fished on Keitele
Pentti_Linkola
American scholar and author (1936–2018)
today can be improved so that they are "in harmony". Kovel has attacked deep ecology because, like other forms of green politics and green economics, it features
Joel_Kovel
Ethical point of view that extends inherent value to all living things
also been employed by advocates of "left biocentrism", which combines deep ecology with an "anti-industrial and anti-capitalist" position (according to
Biocentrism_(ethics)
Environmental movement
less important than lower species. His ideology is drawn in part from deep ecology, and he sometimes refers to the Earth as Gaia. He notes that human extinction
Voluntary Human Extinction Movement
Voluntary_Human_Extinction_Movement
Scientific hypothesis about Earth
Alexandrovich Kostitzin (1886–1963). The Gaia paradigm was an influence on the deep ecology movement. The Gaia hypothesis posits that the Earth is a self-regulating
Gaia_hypothesis
Belgian businessman, economist and author
"Blauwe, rode of groene economie in de Lage Landen?". "Gunter Pauli: From deep ecology to blue economy: Principles for new business models". "Gunter Pauli,
Gunter_Pauli
Subculture and aesthetic centered around goblins
but gnarly forests and chaotic animals". Counterculture of the 1960s Deep ecology Found object Goth subculture Permaculture Goblin mode Whimsigoth Li,
Goblincore
American human ecologist
and author best known for introducing the "Pleistocene paradigm" to deep ecology. His works established a normative framework in terms of evolutionary
Paul_Shepard
Australian philosopher
Animals Life is not Worth Living, Ginninderra Press, Adelaide, 2016 Deep Ecology Panpsychism Sigurd Zienau Oppy, Graham; Trakakis, Nick (2014). History
Freya_Mathews
Undisturbed natural environment
Sessions (ed.). Deep Ecology for the 21st Century. Boston: Shambhala. pp. 345, 339–355. ISBN 978-1-57062-049-2. George Sessions (1995). Deep Ecology for the 21st
Wilderness
German psychologist and philosopher (1872–1956)
deconstruction. Klages is similarly seen as a forebear to critical theory, deep ecology, and existential phenomenology. Klages's place in modern psychology has
Ludwig_Klages
Movement for addressing environmental issues
The environmental movement, sometimes referred to as the ecology movement, is a social movement that aims to protect the natural world from harmful environmental
Environmental_movement
Person's relation with what they accept as being of ultimate importance
instance: "a humanist life stance" or "a personist life stance" or "a Deep Ecology life stance"), without discrimination in favour of any. Humanists interested
Life_stance
Philosophy about how humans should regard land
Ecology portal Earth sciences portal Biology portal Agrarianism Biomimicry Conservation biology Conservation ethic Conservation movement Deep Ecology
Land_ethic
Genre of art engaging ecological systems
the present) that includes, among other sub-categories, for example, deep ecology practices; ecofeminism; ecopsychology; land ethic and bioregionalism;
Ecological_art
Topics referred to by the same term
movement Deep ecology, an ecological and environmental philosophy "Deep Green", a song by Big Red Machine from their self-titled album Deep Green, an
Deep_green
Set of beliefs or values
perception—which is itself necessarily evolved within an ecology. Deep ecology and the modern ecology movement (and, to a lesser degree, Green parties) appear
Ideology
American philosopher (1817–1862)
history and philosophy, in which he anticipated the methods and findings of ecology and environmental history, two sources of modern-day environmentalism.
Henry_David_Thoreau
Objection to killing animals perceived as "cute" or otherwise desirable
UP. pp. 4, 164. ISBN 978-0-910055-53-6. Davenport, Julia L. (2006). The ecology of transportation: managing mobility for the environment. Springer. p. 28
Bambi_effect
Legal theory
2020. Bookchin, Murray (Summer 1987). "Social Ecology versus Deep Ecology: A Challenge for the Ecology Movement". Green Perspectives: Newsletter of the
Rights_of_nature
Political party in France
the Trotskyists, the NR also infiltrated the national direction of the deep ecology movement Earth First. NR was also anti-Zionist. They transformed themselves
Nouvelle_Résistance
Children's picture book by Shel Silverstein
(2012). "15: The Giving Tree and Environmental Philosophy: Listening to Deep Ecology, Feminism and Trees". In Costello, Peter R (ed.). Philosophy in Children's
The_Giving_Tree
Political ideology focused on establishing an ecologically sustainable society
parties today draw terminology from the science of ecology, and policy from environmentalism, deep ecology, feminism, pacifism, anarchism, libertarian socialism
Green_politics
Psychological relationship between humans and the natural world
some ecopsychological perspectives emphasize the intrinsic value of deep ecology and the importance of nature connectedness. Roszak argues that restoring
Ecopsychology
American painter and sculptor
and the collective psyche. Her art is informed by the philosophy of deep ecology, and a monograph detailing her work describes it as “excavat(ing) the
Jan_Harrison
Book by Rachel Carson about pesticides harming the environment
Carson's work and the activism it inspired are partly responsible for the deep ecology movement and the strength of the grassroots environmental movement since
Silent_Spring
Sufi mystic
to reconnect our consciousness to the living Earth, what he terms "a deep ecology of consciousness." Llewellyn has been featured in two films, One the
Llewellyn_Vaughan-Lee
American ecological philosopher (born 1943)
Environmental Ethics, Environmental Philosophy, Ecofeminism, Deep Ecology, Philosophy of Ecology, Contemporary Environmental Issues, Postmodern Environmental
Max_Oelschlaeger
Field in religion, conservation, and academia
an in-depth understanding of indigenous spirituality. Ecology portal Cultural ecology Deep ecology Ecopsychology Ecospirituality Religion and environmentalism
Spiritual_ecology
American academic and conservationist (born 1955)
paganism and shamanism, as well as philosophical belief systems such as deep ecology, Aldo Leopold's theory of land ethic, and James Lovelock's Gaia hypothesis
Bron_Taylor
Canadian philosopher (1934–2022)
ISBN 9780920578087 The Philosophy of Society, 1978 ISBN 9780416834901 The Deep Ecology Movement, 1995, ISBN 9781556431982 The Selected Works of Arne Næss, 2005
Alan_R._Drengson
of the deep ecology movement." In 2006, Donald Edward Davis described the Trumpeter as “the principal voice of the North American Deep Ecology movement
The_Trumpeter_(magazine)
Branch of philosophy
Philosophy of ecology is a concept under the philosophy of science, which is a subfield of philosophy. Its main concerns centre on the practice and application
Philosophy_of_ecology
Worldview that humans are the most important beings
Man's Responsibility for Nature, has been criticised by defenders of deep ecology because of its anthropocentrism, often claimed to be constitutive of
Anthropocentrism
Environmental advocacy group
Save Nature (1997) (ISBN 978-0-939571-18-5) Bradford, George. How Deep is Deep Ecology? (1989) (ISBN 978-0-87810-035-4) Clausen, Barry. Walking on the Edge:
Earth_First!
Former green electoral coalition in France
Europe Ecology (French: Europe Écologie) was a green electoral coalition of political parties in France created for the 2009 European elections composed
Europe_Ecology
American political scientist and sociologist (born 1942)
exceptionalism and a staunch critic of animal rights, artificial intelligence and deep ecology. Wolfe is concerned that modern animal rights and ecological groups promote
Alan_Wolfe
Public awareness campaign towards mercury levels in seafood
$93,000 from the Foundation for Deep Ecology, an organization founded by fashion executive Douglas Tompkins. Ecology portal Mercury in fish Mercury poisoning
Got_Mercury?
Indian academic & environmentalist
among the youth. His views on environment focus on the principles of Deep Ecology while simultaneously trying to create a balance between development and
Govind_Singh_(academic)
Scientific study of ocean life
Retrieved 2018-12-06. Priede, Imants G. (10 August 2017). Deep-Sea Fishes: Biology, Diversity, Ecology and Fisheries. Cambridge University Press. pp. 12–13
Marine_biology
Political ideology combining environmental protection with authoritarian governance
properly monitor the social and environmental conditions it operates in. Deep ecology Ecofascism Eco-nationalism Green Imperialism Küppers, Anne (29 March
Ecoauthoritarianism
American conservationist (born 1950)
organizations, including the Conservation Land Trust, The Foundation For Deep Ecology, and Conservación Patagónica, which have now consolidated under Tompkins
Kris_Tompkins
Poem by William Blake
both positive reactions and negative reactions. In his article "Blake's Deep Ecology", Lussier states that the negative reaction has been centered around
Earth's_Answer
1995 book by Ken Wilber
is described. This is Wilber's term for "romantic" approaches, like deep ecology and ecofeminism, that often mistake earlier and more exclusivist modes
Sex,_Ecology,_Spirituality
Ecosystem in a body of water
Wetland Ecology. Principles and Conservation. Cambridge University Press. p. 497. ISBN 978-0-521-51940-3. Keddy, P.A. (2010). Wetland ecology: principles
Aquatic_ecosystem
Nonprofit organization in Portland, Oregon
full-time with Jeanne. Deep Ecology was the first implemented program and included a discussion course and manual on the topic of deep ecology. The institute
Ecochallenge.org
Topics referred to by the same term
Orton may refer to: David E. Orton, American businessman David Orton (deep ecology) (1934–2011), Canadian writer and environmental activist This disambiguation
David_Orton
the fight against the health pass during the COVID-19 pandemic and deep ecology were two defining pillars of the Bloc Lorrain's platform. The organization's
Bloc_Lorrain
American Zen Teachers Association, led retreats and workshops in Vipassana, Deep Ecology, and Buddhism 1981–2008. She received authority to teach Zen from Thich
Caitriona_Reed
Federal political party
opponents of Harris's leadership of the Green Party formed the rival Peace and Ecology Party, which presumably disbanded after he stepped down as leader. A leadership
Green_Party_of_Canada
Jewish environmental ethics and stewardship
and ecology Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson, 1998. ISBN 0-7657-9979-0. Eric Katz, "Faith, God, and Nature: Judaism and Deep Ecology" in Deep Ecology and
Judaism_and_environmentalism
Norwegian philosopher (1899–1990)
"Peter Wessel Zapffe". Wisdom in the Open Air: The Norwegian Roots of Deep Ecology. Minneapolis, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-8166-2150-7
Peter_Wessel_Zapffe
Local self-government political system
and strengthening community bonds. Ultimately, his concept of social ecology evolves into a coherent political theory emphasizing direct democracy,
Municipalism
Waterfall in Møre og Romsdal, Norway
second (110 cu ft/s). In 1970 Arne Næss, the Norwegian founder of the Deep Ecology movement, tied himself with 300 others in protest against the building
Mardalsfossen
Religious movement
distinctive socio-cultural and historical backgrounds. Dark green religion Deep ecology Natural religion Naturalism (philosophy) Naturalistic pantheism Religious
Nature_religion
Type that favors individual activism
Community organizing Decentralisation Direct democracy Eco-socialism Social ecology Democratic confederalism International Simultaneous Policy Organization
Grassroots_democracy
2015 encyclical of Pope Francis
human and natural ecology go hand in hand. We are called to solidarity with the poor as well as stewardship of the Earth. Our deep regard for the dignity
Laudato_si'
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