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Specifier keyword to query an expression's type
In the C++ programming language, decltype (for "declared type") is a specifier keyword used to query the type of an expression. Introduced in C++11, its
Decltype
2014 edition of the C++ programming language standard
// decltype(x3a) is int decltype(i) x3d = i; // decltype(x3d) is int auto x4a = (i); // decltype(x4a) is int decltype((i)) x4d = (i); // decltype(x4d)
C++14
2011 edition of the C++ programming language standard
int decltype(c) e; // e has type int, the type of the entity named by c decltype((c)) f = c; // f has type int&, because (c) is an lvalue decltype(0) g;
C++11
C++ alternative syntax for return types
function's return type would use the two formal parameter names with decltype: decltype(lhs + rhs). However, where a return type is traditionally specified
Trailing_return_type
Programming language operator
value; } const Double* d; // decltype can be used in type declarations decltype(d->value) y; // equivalent to double y; // decltype can be used in trailing
Typeof
operator name unless the type is inferred (e.g. operator auto(), operator decltype(auto)() etc.). The type name can also be inferred (e.g new auto) if an
Operators_in_C_and_C++
Class used for injecting methods
self, const auto& other) const noexcept { using Self = remove_cvref_t<decltype(self)>; template for (constexpr info m: std::meta::nonstatic_data_members_of(^^Self))
Mixin
Usage of reflective programming in C++
as a mirror object (a compile-time introspection), usually defined as decltype(^^int). It further introduces a "splice specifier" [: :], which can be
Reflection_(C++)
Type information inspection taking place at runtime
should not be confused for the typeof and typeof_unqual operators in C, or decltype in C++, which instead are operators that expand to the type of a variable
Run-time_type_information
Datatype in C++
int& RrefInt&& r5 = 5; // r5 has the type int&& decltype(r2)& r6 = i; // r6 has the type int& decltype(r2)&& r7 = i; // r7 has the type int& A non-static
Reference_(C++)
Programming language syntax designed for ease of use
block. C++ and C from C23 onwards allow auto x = expr as a shorthand for decltype(expr) x = expr in C++ or typeof(expr) x = expr in C. Python list comprehensions
Syntactic_sugar
Higher-order function which returns some fixed point of the input function
fix = [](auto f) { return [f](auto&&... args) -> decltype(auto) { return f(f, std::forward<decltype(args)>(args)...); }; }; auto factorial = fix([](auto
Fixed-point_combinator
C++ input/output functionality in the standard library
std::formatter<T, CharT>, with two methods: constexpr auto parse(auto& ctx) -> decltype(ctx)::iterator;, which extracts and validates the format string and flags
C++_input/output_library
Object relationship in programming language
Graph; HashSet<SharedPtr<Vertex>> edges; String name; using EdgesIterator = decltype(edges.cbegin()); public: explicit Vertex(const String& name): name{std::move(name)}
Friend_class
Data type simulating a pointer with additional features
std::make_unique<T>()). using std::FILE; using std::unique_ptr; unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&std::fclose)> filePtr(std::fopen("data.txt", "r"), &std::fclose); Furthermore
Smart_pointer
Basic programming language construct
Yes Yes No No C++ (same as C) (same as C plus) typeid new delete throw decltype static_cast dynamic cast reinterpret_cast const_cast Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Operator (computer programming)
Operator_(computer_programming)
Templates in computer programming
fix = [](auto f) { return [f](auto&&... args) -> decltype(auto) { return f(f, std::forward<decltype(args)>(args)...); }; }; auto factorial = fix([](auto
Variadic_template
In programming languages, the object or class the currently running code belongs to
vector<Song> songs; public: // ... decltype(auto) operator[](this Self&& self, size_t i) { return std::forward<decltype(self)>(self).songs[i]; } }; This
This_(computer_programming)
Integrated development environment product
mainly consists of six compiler features: lambdas, rvalue references, auto, decltype, static_assert, and nullptr. C++11 also supports library features (e.g
Microsoft_Visual_C++
Set of rules defining correctly structured C++ program
constinit const_cast continue contract_assert co_await co_return co_yield decltype default do double dynamic_cast else enum explicit export extern float for
C++_syntax
Comparison of programming languages
type of either a type or an expression. In C++, the equivalent feature is decltype. C++ adds numerous additional keywords to support its new features. This
Compatibility_of_C_and_C++
[](double x) -> double { return x; }; decltype(f0) fa[3] = {f0, f1, [](double x) -> double { return x * x; }}; vector<decltype(f0)> fv = {f0, f1}; fv.push_back([](double
Examples of anonymous functions
Examples_of_anonymous_functions
Rules defining correctly structured Java programs
depended upon, whereas in C++ the lambda type may still be extracted with decltype to obtain a real unique closure type; a lambda's java.lang.Class<?> cannot
Java_syntax
Type of data structure
name. Their types, which are compiler-generated, may be retrieved using decltype. class { private: int value; public: int getValue() { return value; } void
C++_classes
Comparison between two programming languages
while in C++, lambdas have a real runtime class which can be accessed with decltype and are part of the language model. Java lambdas depend on the functional
Comparison_of_Java_and_C++
Programming construct
compare(const int& a, const int& b) noexcept { return a < b; } using CompareFn = decltype(compare); operator CompareFn*() const { return compare; } }; int main()
Function_object
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance