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Inhaled air volume not involved in gas exchange
can occur. Total dead space (also known as physiological dead space) is the sum of the anatomical dead space and the alveolar dead space. Benefits do accrue
Dead_space_(physiology)
Topics referred to by the same term
comic book story Dead space (physiology), air that is inhaled but does not play a role in gas exchange Defilade or dead space, a space that cannot be engaged
Dead_space
Danish physician and professor of physiology
Assistens Kirkegård. In 1891, he was the first to characterize the physiological dead space in pulmonary respiration, i.e., the inhaled air volume not involved
Christian_Bohr
Equation describing the amount of physiological dead space in a person's lungs
amount of physiological dead space in a person's lungs. This is given as a ratio of dead space to tidal volume. It differs from anatomical dead space as measured
Bohr_equation
medicine, the ratio of physiologic dead space over tidal volume (VD/VT) is a routine measurement, expressing the ratio of dead-space ventilation (VD) to
VD/VT
Abnormally high tissue carbon dioxide levels
"Nitrogen-Oxygen Mixture Physiology. Phase 5. Added Respiratory Dead Space (Value in Personnel Selection tests) (Physiological Effects Under Diving Conditions)"
Hypercapnia
Influences of the underwater environment on the physiology of human divers
"Physiology, Lung Dead Space". Treasure Island FL.: StatPearls [Internet]. PMID 29494107. Warkander, DE; Lundgren, CE. (September 1995). "Dead space in
Human physiology of underwater diving
Human_physiology_of_underwater_diving
Definitions of technical terms used in connection with breathing apparatus
improve scrubber efficiency by a more consistent dwell time. dead space Physiological dead space is the volume of ventilated gas that does not reach parts
Glossary of breathing apparatus terminology
Glossary_of_breathing_apparatus_terminology
Modular space station in low Earth orbit
Nature. doi:10.1038/news.2008.1087. Buckey, Jay (23 February 2006). Space Physiology. Oxford University Press USA. ISBN 978-0-19-513725-5. Grossman, List
International_Space_Station
Test for measuring anatomic dead space in the lung during a respiratory cycle
Nitrogen washout (or Fowler's method) is a test for measuring anatomic dead space in the lung during a respiratory cycle, as well as some parameters related
Nitrogen_washout
Plants interaction to environment
sense and respond to the environment by adjusting their morphology and physiology. Botanical research has revealed that plants are capable of reacting to
Plant_perception_(physiology)
Formula for the partial pressure of alveolar oxygen
expired, and inspired gas, respectively, and VD/VT is the ratio of physiologic dead space over tidal volume. R = p E CO 2 ( 1 − F I O 2 ) p i O 2 − p E O
Alveolar_gas_equation
Medical issues associated with spaceflight
2006). Space Physiology. Oxford University Press USA. ISBN 978-0-19-513725-5. Than, Ker (23 February 2006). "Solar Flare Hits Earth and Mars". Space.com
Effect of spaceflight on the human body
Effect_of_spaceflight_on_the_human_body
Breathing mask that covers the mouth and the nose only
elastomers, commonly silicone rubber, and are often a replaceable item. Dead space (physiology) – Inhaled air volume not involved in gas exchange "Ultralite 2
Orinasal_mask
Volume of air breathed per minute
care to consider the effect of dead space on alveolar ventilation, as seen below in "Relationship to other physiological rates". V ˙ = V T × f {\displaystyle
Minute_ventilation
Tissue type
normal human bronchial epithelial cells". American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology. 300 (6): C1422–C1429. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00376.2010. ISSN 0363-6143
Stratified squamous epithelium
Stratified_squamous_epithelium
The physiology of marathons is typically associated with high demands on a marathon runner's cardiovascular system and their locomotor system. The marathon
Physiology_of_marathons
Alphabetical listing of underwater diving related topics
contents: Top of section, Da–Dd, De, Di, Do, Dr, Ds, Du–Dw, Dy Dead space (physiology) – Inhaled air volume not involved in gas exchange Deadspace (in
Index of underwater diving: D–E
Index_of_underwater_diving:_D–E
American animal sent to space
include refined physiological monitoring. The species was selected for space travel because of its similar anatomical and physiological makeup to humans
Gordo_(monkey)
The physiology of non-avian dinosaurs has historically been a controversial subject, particularly their thermoregulation. Recently, many new lines of evidence
Physiology_of_dinosaurs
Altitude above which water boils at body temperature
Hornets may be related to F-22 crashes". Aviation Week & Space Technology. p. 35. "Chapter 1:Physiology of Flight". US Naval Flight Surgeon's Manual (PDF).
Armstrong_limit
Air pressure inside lung alveoli
no gas exchange can take place (rendering affected alveoli alveolar dead space). Inappropriate use of positive pressure ventilation with pressures in
Alveolar_pressure
Flow of the respiratory current out of an organism
system. Physiological dead space of the lungs can affect the amount of dead space as well with factors including smoking, and diseases. Dead space is a key
Exhalation
Architecture of off-planet habitable structures
design, physiology, psychology, and sociology. This mission statement for space architecture was developed in 2002 by participants in the 1st Space Architecture
Space_architecture
Bypass of the pulmonary capillaries by deoxygenated blood
367–520. doi:10.1152/physrev.00041.2010. PMC 9469196. PMID 22298659. Nosek, Thomas M. "Section 4/4ch5/s4ch5_9". Essentials of Human Physiology.[dead link]
Pulmonary_shunt
Cardiorespiratory property
In respiratory physiology, the ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q ratio) is a ratio used to assess the efficiency and adequacy of the ventilation-perfusion
Ventilation/perfusion_ratio
Process of moving air in and out of the lungs
blind-ended alveoli are reached. This arrangement produces anatomical dead space — the volume of conducting airways (about 150 ml in an adult) that does
Breathing
Overview article
2026-08-29. "Space Station Research Results". NASA. 2023-04-21. Retrieved 2026-08-29. Buckey, Jay (23 February 2006). Space Physiology. Oxford University
Scientific research on the International Space Station
Scientific_research_on_the_International_Space_Station
Partially reusable cargo space capsule
SpaceX Dragon 1 is a class of fourteen partially reusable cargo spacecraft developed by SpaceX, an American private space transportation company. The
SpaceX_Dragon_1
14th episode of the 2nd series of Space: 1999
Verdeschi discover that it too was caught and stranded by the space warp. Although the long-dead crew managed to locate the threshold, the ship was too badly
Space_Warp_(Space:_1999)
Physiology of the common raven
account for this distribution, and their physiology varies with this versatility. This article discusses its physiology, including its homeostasis, respiration
Common_raven_physiology
American astronaut (born 1956)
investigating cardiovascular physiology in microgravity. Upon completion, he was assigned as chief engineer for design of the Space Station medical facility
David_Wolf_(astronaut)
Soviet dog, first animal to orbit Earth (c. 1954–1957)
"Historical aspects of the early Soviet/Russian manned space program", Journal of Applied Physiology, 91 (4): 1501–1511, doi:10.1152/jappl.2001.91.4.1501
Laika
Character in "Pirates of the Caribbean" films
crew ashore in his stead. In a physical confrontation, Jones' mutated physiology also gives him various advantages. His facial tentacles allow him to manipulate
Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean)
Davy_Jones_(Pirates_of_the_Caribbean)
Fictional futuristic supersoldiers
God, which affects their personalities and physiologies in specific and extreme ways. For instance, Chaos Space Marines devoted to Nurgle have grotesque
Space Marine (Warhammer 40,000)
Space_Marine_(Warhammer_40,000)
Mosquito-borne disease
For this and later discoveries, he was awarded the 1907 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. A year later, Carlos Finlay, a Cuban doctor treating people
Malaria
Comics character
chief of security. Solovar appears in the Justice League Unlimited episode "Dead Reckoning", voiced again by David Ogden Stiers. An alternate universe version
Solovar
Relationship between respiratory and cardiovascular processes
Dassios, Theodore; Dixon, Paul; Greenough, Anne (2022-02-18). "Physiological dead space and alveolar ventilation in ventilated infants". Pediatric Research
Ventilation–perfusion coupling
Ventilation–perfusion_coupling
Canadian medical scientist and doctor (1891–1941)
and its therapeutic potential, Banting was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with John Macleod. Banting and his student, Charles Best,
Frederick_Banting
Insufficient oxygen in breathed air
asphyxiation is a form of asphyxiation that results from breathing a physiologically inert gas in the absence of oxygen, or a low amount of oxygen (hypoxia)
Inert_gas_asphyxiation
Organ system for circulating blood in animals
oxygen delivery". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology. 253 (110852) 110852. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110852
Circulatory_system
Soviet/Russian space station (1986–2001)
Aboard the Space Station Mir. New York, US: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-137230-5.[page needed] Jay Buckey (23 February 2006). Space Physiology. Oxford University
Mir
Family of molluscs
positional peculiarities due to the thinness and length of the occupied space. Furthermore, some structures find no equivalent in other bivalve groups
Shipworm
Biological system in animals and plants for gas exchange
Respiration Physiology. 126 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1016/S0034-5687(01)00203-1. PMID 11311306. West, John B. (2002). "Why doesn't the elephant have a pleural space?".
Respiratory_system
Unprogrammed cell death caused by external cell injury
extracellular space. This initiates an inflammatory response in the surrounding tissue, which attracts leukocytes and nearby phagocytes which eliminate the dead cells
Necrosis
Study of neural function
Neurophysiology is a branch of physiology and neuroscience concerned with the functions of the nervous system and their mechanisms. The term neurophysiology
Neurophysiology
Growth of plants in outer space
Halstead, T W; Dutcher, F R (June 1987). "Plants in Space". Annual Review of Plant Physiology. 38 (1): 317–345. doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.38.060187.001533
Plants_in_space
Garment worn to protect a human in space
A space suit (or spacesuit) is an environmental suit used for protection from the harsh environment of outer space. It mainly protects from outer space’s
Space_suit
Mammalian hormone released from the pituitary gland
secretion. Cortisol inhibits secretion of antidiuretic hormone. The physiological stimulus for secretion of vasopressin is increased osmolality of the
Vasopressin
Equipment which allows the user to breathe at hypoxic altitudes
likely to reach the gas exchange regions of the lung beyond the physiological dead space. Their ability to make efficient use of oxygen is key to keeping
High-altitude breathing apparatus
High-altitude_breathing_apparatus
Ritual act of placing a dead person or animal into the ground
1981). "Cadaverine and putrescine initiate the burial of dead conspecifics by rats". Physiology & Behavior. 27 (5): 819–824. doi:10.1016/0031-9384(81)90048-2
Burial
Animals playing dead
Apparent death is a behavior in which animals take on the appearance of being dead. It is an immobile state most often triggered by a predatory attack and can
Apparent_death
Myth regarding human brain usage
function remain to be fully described—e.g. memory, consciousness—the physiology of brain mapping suggests that all areas of the brain have a function
Ten-percent-of-the-brain_myth
Tibetan Book of the Dead
Live, is about the Tibetan Book of the Dead. The Canadian band Mystery released the song "Queen of Vajra Space" on their 1998 album Destiny?. Enter the
Bardo_Thodol
Musical tuning system
Hermann; Ellis, Alexander J. (1885). On the Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music (2nd ed.). London: Longmans, Green. Wilson
Equal_temperament
Electromagnetic radiation humans can see
(link) Pal, G.K.; Pal, Pravati (2001). "chapter 52". Textbook of Practical Physiology (1st ed.). Chennai: Orient Blackswan. p. 387. ISBN 978-81-250-2021-9.
Light
Items in the Marvel Cinematic Universe
Stones are reputed to embody and control essential aspects of existence—Space, Mind, Reality, Power, Time, and Soul—thereby making them critical artifacts
Infinity_Stones
Organisms capable of living at high altitudes
successfully adapted via considerable physiological changes. As opposed to short-term acclimatisation (immediate physiological response to changing environment)
Organisms_at_high_altitude
1994 visual novel directed by Hideo Kojima
functional self-supporting space colony. During the test of a new space suit, an accident causes Jonathan to drift into space, presumed dead by his colleagues
Policenauts
Miniature wargame
so on). Waaagh—Orks was an introductory manual to Orkish culture and physiology. It contained no rules, but background material. The other Ork-themed
Warhammer_40,000
Equation for blood bypass of oxygenation
blood bypasses oxygenation in the capillaries of the lung. “Shunt” and “dead space“ are terms used to describe conditions where either blood flow or ventilation
Shunt_equation
Activation of tension-generating sites in muscle
is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle cells. In physiology, muscle contraction does not necessarily mean muscle shortening because
Muscle_contraction
Dynamics of blood flow
Journal of Applied Physiology. 19: 117–122. doi:10.1152/jappl.1964.19.1.117. PMID 14104265. Retrieved 16 September 2014.[permanent dead link] Errill EW (October
Hemodynamics
Comic book character
the Ogdru Jahad (a destructive, seven-headed dragon imprisoned in deep space) and awaken the armies of Hell to wage war against Heaven. When the other
Hellboy
Calendar year
mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit. Physiology or Medicine – Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi, for
2025
Equipment allowing or assisting the user to breathe in a hostile environment
inhalation. Oxygen delivered later in the cycle will be inhaled into physiological dead space, where it serves no useful purpose as it cannot diffuse into the
Breathing_apparatus
Spacecraft crew member
space, based on MRI studies. Astronauts who took longer space trips were associated with greater brain changes. Being in space can be physiologically
Astronaut
American engineer and astronaut (1949–1986)
"Navy Divers Sight Astronaut Cabin; Dead are Aboard". The New York Times. Retrieved February 27, 2022. "Space Shuttle Challenger Memorial". Arlington
Judith_Resnik
NASA research platform on the International Space Station
Multi-System Physiology". "ISS Daily Summary Report – 9/13/2018". "What's Flying Next". "Moldy Mouse Chow Delays SpaceX Dragon Launch to Space Station". Space.com
Rodent Research Hardware System
Rodent_Research_Hardware_System
Species of cephalopod
epithelial tissue". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology. 271 111263. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111263. ISSN 1531-4332
Giant_Pacific_octopus
British science fiction writer (1917–2008)
institutes in Sri Lanka, is named after him. The main protagonist of the Dead Space series of video games, Isaac Clarke, takes his surname from Arthur C.
Arthur_C._Clarke
Anxiety disorder
they avoid these areas and stay in the comfort of a known, controllable space, usually their home. Agoraphobia is also defined as "a fear, sometimes terrifying
Agoraphobia
Natural internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle
system, for which Hall, Rosbash, and Young received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2017. Joseph Takahashi discovered the first mammalian circadian
Circadian_rhythm
equation, as is taught in some physiology and medical textbooks. The tissue structure is more like a sponge with polygonal spaces that unfold and fold under
List of common misconceptions about science, technology, and mathematics
List_of_common_misconceptions_about_science,_technology,_and_mathematics
Fictional universe created by Iain M. Banks
created by the Scottish writer Iain M. Banks and features in a number of his space opera novels and works of short fiction, collectively called the Culture
The_Culture
perfusion without ventilation → blood remains unoxygenated V̇/Q̇ = ∞ (dead space): ventilation without perfusion → no gas exchange V̇/Q̇ = 1 (ideal): optimal
Physics_of_respiration
Primary airlock for the International Space Station
International Space Station. Quest was designed to host spacewalks with both Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuits and Orlan space suits. The airlock
Quest_Joint_Airlock
Group of crustaceans
crabs: adaptations to low quality plant diets". Journal of Comparative Physiology B. 177 (3): 269–286. doi:10.1007/s00360-006-0138-z. PMID 17279390. S2CID 23721149
Crab
1973 social experiment
aimed to investigate interpersonal relationships in conditions of limited space and social isolation. The experiment was organized by Mexican anthropologist
Acali
Research university in New York City
Experimental Medicine, the Journal of Cell Biology, and The Journal of General Physiology. In 2018, the faculty included 82 tenured and tenure-track members, including
Rockefeller_University
Visual illusion
phosphenes: or luminous rings of the retina considered in their relation to the physiology and pathology of vision] (in French). Masson. OCLC 1194111898.[page needed]
Phosphene
Cultivation of crops in space
Space farming refers to the cultivation of crops for food and other materials in space or on off-Earth celestial objects – equivalent to agriculture on
Space_farming
Aspartic protease protein and enzyme
PMID 2893797.[permanent dead link] Boulpaep EL, Boron WF (2005). "Integration of Salt and Water Balance; The Adrenal Gland". Medical physiology: a cellular and
Renin
Representation of a small human being, common in alchemy and fiction
CS1 maint: date and year (link) Saladin, Kenneth (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function, 6th Edition. McGraw-Hill. "BrainConnection
Homunculus
Accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity
pleural effusion is accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural space, the potential space that surrounds each lung. Under normal conditions, pleural fluid
Pleural_effusion
Species of radiotrophic fungus
poorly morphologically differentiated "cryptic" species that share many physiological and ecological attributes. In older literature, all of these sibling
Cladosporium_sphaerospermum
List of characters appearing in the Marvel Cinematic Universe
who is transformed into an atrocious humanoid creature with enhanced physiology and a deformed appearance as a result of being injected with an experimental
Characters of the Marvel Cinematic Universe: A–L
Characters_of_the_Marvel_Cinematic_Universe:_A–L
Genus of mammals belonging to the New World monkeys
they are ubiquitous, often shown carrying cacao pods. Captain Simian & the Space Monkeys features a spider monkey named Spydor who is the smallest of the
Spider_monkey
Scientific concepts that are closely associated with underwater diving
water. High work of breathing and large combinations of physiological and mechanical dead space can lead to hypercapnia, which may induce a panic response
Science_of_underwater_diving
barren planet. He is being hunted by the merchant Baris for his unique physiology which grants him a regenerative ability that renders him virtually immortal
List of Love, Death & Robots episodes
List_of_Love,_Death_&_Robots_episodes
Fictional character from Star Trek
special rank known as branch admiral. The fictional book Comparative Alien Physiology was written by McCoy, and was required reading at the Starfleet Medical
Leonard_McCoy
American physicist and astronaut (1951–2012)
second and third Space Shuttle flights, and helped develop the Space Shuttle's robotic arm. In June 1983, she flew in space on the Space Shuttle Challenger
Sally_Ride
Negative-pressure mechanical respirator
encloses most of the patient's body. The air pressure inside the enclosed space stimulates breathing. The device is used to assist breathing when muscle
Iron_lung
assault on Oa, Kol has his legs transplanted onto Sarn, reasoning that his physiology will allow him to re-grow his lost limbs and wanting to give his friend
List_of_Green_Lanterns
American actress and singer (1977–2009)
others are over the counter. The report observed: "the possible adverse physiological effects of elevated levels of these medications cannot be discounted
Brittany_Murphy
Fictional technology
Herbert's Dune universe. Created by the Bene Tleilax, they are able to physiologically change their appearance to impersonate other people. Face Dancers possess
List of technology in the Dune universe
List_of_technology_in_the_Dune_universe
info/character/index.html http://www.jewelpet.jp/character/index.html[dead link] Jewelpet Twinkle Episode 1: Ruby and Akari Doki Doki!, TV Tokyo Jewelpet
List of Jewelpets and Sweetspets
List_of_Jewelpets_and_Sweetspets
Instinct to breathe through the nose rather than the mouth
Obligate nasal breathing describes a physiological instinct to breathe through the nose (or other forms of external nasal passages, depending on the species)
Obligate_nasal_breathing
Meningeal structure
perivascular spaces to allow passage of certain material, such as fluids, proteins, and even extraneous particulate matter such as dead white blood cells
Pia_mater
People who attempt travel in the wheel wells of commercial passenger planes
consciousness at the cruising altitudes of jet aircraft, may impair physiological processes. At altitudes above 6,000 m (20,000 ft), stowaways may also
Wheel-well_stowaway
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DEAD SPACE-PHYSIOLOGY
DEAD SPACE-PHYSIOLOGY
DEAD SPACE-PHYSIOLOGY
DEAD SPACE-PHYSIOLOGY
DEAD SPACE-PHYSIOLOGY
DEAD SPACE-PHYSIOLOGY
DEAD SPACE-PHYSIOLOGY
DEAD SPACE-PHYSIOLOGY
DEAD SPACE-PHYSIOLOGY
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