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Genus of dense, towering vertical clouds
Cumulonimbus (from Latin cumulus 'heap' and nimbus 'rain cloud') is a dense, towering, vertical cloud, typically forming from water vapor condensing in
Cumulonimbus_cloud
Type of cumulus cloud
A cumulonimbus incus cloud (from Latin incus 'anvil'), also called a thunderhead or anvil cloud, is a cumulonimbus cloud that has reached the level of
Cumulonimbus_incus
Large cloud
Cumulonimbus calvus is a moderately tall cumulonimbus cloud that is capable of precipitation but has not yet reached the tropopause, which is the height
Cumulonimbus_calvus
Small, horizontal, lenticular cloud
called scarf cloud or cap cloud, is a small, horizontal, lenticular cloud appearing above a cumulus or cumulonimbus cloud. Pileus clouds are often short-lived
Pileus_(meteorology)
Hazardous cloud
A cumulonimbus capillatus is a cumulonimbus cloud with dense cirrus clouds above it, making the cloud top appear to contain hair-like structures. It is
Cumulonimbus_capillatus
Supplementary feature of clouds
mammatocumulus, meaning "mammary cloud") is a cellular pattern of pouches hanging underneath the base of a cloud, typically a cumulonimbus raincloud, although they
Mammatus_cloud
Thunderstorm cloud that forms above a heat source
The cumulonimbus flammagenitus cloud (CbFg), also known as the pyrocumulonimbus cloud (PyroCb), is a type of cumulonimbus cloud that forms above a source
Cumulonimbus_flammagenitus
Type of cumulus cloud
Cumulonimbus velum (Cb vel) (from the Latin cumulonimbus, "column-rain" + velum, "veil") is a cumulonimbus cloud with an accessory cloud veil wrapped around
Cumulonimbus_velum
Low-altitude horizontal cloud formation
An arcus cloud is a low, horizontal cloud formation, usually appearing as an accessory cloud to a cumulonimbus. Roll clouds and shelf clouds are the two
Arcus_cloud
Genus of clouds, low-level cloud
clouds produce little or no precipitation, but they can grow into the precipitation-bearing cumulus congestus or cumulonimbus clouds. Cumulus clouds can
Cumulus_cloud
cap-like cloud over parent cumulonimbus. Velum A thin horizontal sheet that forms around the middle of a cumulonimbus. Genitus mother clouds Cumulonimbus altocumulogenitus
List_of_cloud_types
Dangers of cloud formations to aircraft
thunderstorms due to the density of clouds. It is often said that the turbulence can be extreme enough inside a cumulonimbus to tear an aircraft into pieces
Cumulonimbus_and_aviation
Common type of rain cloud
humid and unstable, cumulonimbus clouds may be embedded within the usual nimbostratus. Lightning from an embedded cumulonimbus cloud may interact with the
Nimbostratus_cloud
Cloud formation occurring at the base of a thunderstorm
lowering of cloud that develops beneath the surrounding base of a cumulonimbus cloud and from which tornadoes sometimes form. It is typically beneath the
Wall_cloud
Cloud that forms from large fires or explosions
the fire is large enough, the cloud may continue to grow, and become a type of cumulonimbus cloud known as a cumulonimbus flammagenitus, which may produce
Flammagenitus_cloud
Visible mass of particles suspended in the atmosphere
is a cumulonimbus wall cloud with a lowering, rotating cloud base that can lead to the development of tornadoes. A cauda feature is a tail cloud that
Cloud
Type of cloud
dissipating cumulonimbus cells.[citation needed] When dense cirrus is formed by means other than by cumulonimbus blow-off or dissipating cumulonimbus clouds, it
Cirrus_spissatus_cloud
Funnel-shaped cloud not touching the ground
base of a cloud (usually a cumulonimbus or towering cumulus cloud) but not reaching the ground or a water surface. A funnel cloud is usually visible as a
Funnel_cloud
Clouds supplementary feature
or scud clouds, is a type of fractus cloud at low height above ground, detached, and of irregular form, found beneath nimbostratus, cumulonimbus, altostratus
Scud_(cloud)
"puffy" clouds, such as cumulus or cumulonimbus, that form as a result of atmospheric convection. cumulonimbus cumulus (Cu) A genus of cloud characterized
Glossary_of_meteorology
Storm characterized by lightning
thunderstorms are sometimes called thundershowers. Thunderstorms occur in cumulonimbus clouds. They are usually accompanied by strong winds and often produce heavy
Thunderstorm
Weather phenomenon involving electrostatic discharge
bodies of water.[citation needed] Lightning is usually produced by cumulonimbus clouds, which have bases that are typically 1–2 km (0.62–1.24 mi) above
Lightning
Genus of atmospheric cloud
Individual cirrus cloud formations can be the remnants of anvil clouds formed by thunderstorms. In the dissipating stage of a cumulonimbus cloud, when the normal
Cirrus_cloud
Type of precipitation
unusual atmospheric conditions which clearly differ from those of the cumulonimbus cloud scenario (e.g. clear-sky conditions). They are sometimes called huge
Megacryometeor
Thunderstorm during which there is snowfall
different from any other type of thunderstorm, but the top of the cumulonimbus cloud is usually quite low. In addition to snow, graupel or hail may fall
Thundersnow
Type of cumulus cloud
Cumulonimbus cauda is a type of cumulonimbus cloud, cauda is derived from Latin, meaning "tail", this cloud type may appear as a defined horizontal cloud
Caudus_cloud
German paraglider
Wales, Australia. She was sucked into the ascending current of a cumulonimbus cloud, a cloud responsible for large and heavy rains, usually with hail inside
Ewa_Wiśnierska
Precipitation that forms when supercooled droplets of water freeze on a falling snowflake
However, both hail and graupel are common in thunderstorms with cumulonimbus clouds, though graupel also falls in winter storms, and at higher elevations
Graupel
Type of cloud
precipitation of major rain-bearing clouds; these are nimbostratus and cumulonimbus clouds, and are classified as types of pannus clouds. Stratus fractus can also
Stratus_cloud
One of Earth's four temperate seasons
Tropical seasons Dry season Harmattan Wet season Storms Cloud Cumulonimbus cloud Arcus cloud Downburst Microburst Heat burst Derecho Lightning Volcanic
Autumn
Short and very intense rain
be responsible for flash flood creation. Rapid precipitation from cumulonimbus clouds is possible due to the Langmuir precipitation process in which large
Cloudburst
Weather phenomenon viewed from distance
shaft is mostly found underneath convective clouds, such as cumulonimbus cloud or cumulus congestus cloud during a downpour storm, as these have well
Precipitation_shaft
Atmospheric phenomena
thermal under the base of cumulus clouds, especially towering cumulus and cumulonimbus. The vertical extent of a cumulus cloud is a good indicator of the strength
Cloud_suck
Type of altocumulus cloud
layer, continued development of Castellanus clouds can produce cumulonimbus clouds. Altocumulus castellanus clouds are typically accompanied by moderate turbulence
Altocumulus_castellanus_cloud
Main climate class
Tropical seasons Dry season Harmattan Wet season Storms Cloud Cumulonimbus cloud Arcus cloud Downburst Microburst Heat burst Derecho Lightning Volcanic
Temperate_climate
Violently rotating column of air
of a cumulonimbus or cumulus cloud. Tornadoes are often (but not always) visible in the form of a condensation funnel originating from the cloud base
Tornado
Study of the physical processes in atmospheric clouds
stratiform clouds over a wide area unless the approaching warm airmass is unstable, in which case cumulus congestus or cumulonimbus clouds will usually
Cloud_physics
Cloud dependent on a larger cloud system
genus cumulonimbus. It is very rare for any accessory cloud to generate its own precipitation (except for wall clouds). However, the parent cloud may generate
Accessory_cloud
Family class 3 cloud type
Cumulogenitus out of cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds, disrupted by decreasing convection. During formation period, puffy tops of cumulus clouds can protrude from stratocumulus
Stratocumulus_cloud
Short-term state of the atmosphere
place and time, typically described in terms of temperature, humidity, cloud cover, and stability. On Earth, most weather phenomena occur in the lowest
Weather
Mass of water within a cloud
useful for weather forecasting as cumulonimbus clouds are related to thunderstorms and heavy rain whereas cirrus clouds are not directly associated with
Liquid_water_content
Fraction of the sky obscured by clouds when observed from a particular location
Cloud cover (also known as cloudiness, cloudage, or cloud amount) refers to the fraction of the sky obscured by clouds on average when observed from a
Cloud_cover
Type of middle-altitude cloud
clouds. If the frontal system is occluded, cumulonimbus clouds may also be present. Once the altostratus clouds have arrived, rain or snow will usually follow
Altostratus_cloud
Regularly recurring thundercloud
Hector is a cumulonimbus thundercloud cluster that forms regularly nearly every afternoon on the Tiwi Islands in the Northern Territory of Australia, from
Hector_(cloud)
Atmospheric phenomenon
continuing the cloud's ascension. If enough instability is present in the atmosphere, this process will continue long enough for cumulonimbus clouds to form
Atmospheric_convection
Thunderstorm that is generally weak and usually not severe
low-pressure zone beneath the forming thunderstorm, otherwise known as a cumulonimbus cloud. In a typical thunderstorm, approximately 5×108 kg of water vapor
Air-mass_thunderstorm
Type of tropical cumulonimbus cloud
A hot tower is a tropical cumulonimbus cloud that reaches out of the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the troposphere, and into the stratosphere. These
Hot_tower
Survivor of fall through a thunderstorm cloud
2009) was the first person to survive a fall from the top of a cumulonimbus thunderstorm cloud. He was a pilot in the United States Marine Corps and a World
William_Rankin
Topics referred to by the same term
thunderhead is an extreme cumulonimbus cloud seen during a thunderstorm. Thunderhead may also refer to: Anvil cloud (Cumulonimbus incus cloud) Thunderhead (horse)
Thunderhead
Thickness of a cloud
deeper clouds tend to produce more intense rainfall. For instance, cumulonimbus clouds can develop vertically through a substantial part of the troposphere
Cloud_height
Form of cumulus clouds
report. These clouds are usually too large and opaque to have any opacity or pattern-based varieties. Congestus and especially cumulonimbus are hazardous
Cumulus_congestus_cloud
Japanese expression to describe a short, localized downpour
100 mm per hour of rain caused by the unpredictable formation of a cumulonimbus cloud. The term is often used by the Japanese media in reporting such events
Guerrilla_rainstorm
Condensed water vapor that falls from clouds
air will condense into clouds, namely nimbostratus and cumulonimbus if significant precipitation is involved. Eventually, the cloud droplets will grow large
Precipitation
Weather phenomenon producing light
crystals above the crown of a cumulonimbus cloud. These ice crystals are aligned by the strong electric field effects around the cloud, so the effect may appear
Crown_flash
Genus of mid-level cloud
troposphere, the area where cumulus congestus clouds can turn into cumulonimbus. It is therefore one of three warning clouds often recorded by the aviation industry
Altocumulus_cloud
Sudden and brief rain or snowfall
intense, it leads to the formation of cumulonimbus clouds, which have a very high vertical extent. The size of such clouds permits the displacement of electric
Shower_(precipitation)
American meteorologist and inventor (1906–1996)
aircraft would lay a plume of silver iodide in front of approaching cumulonimbus clouds with noticeable effect. Large, active CBs were reduced to nothing
Irving_P._Krick
Electric discharge between the atmosphere and the ground
originate in a cumulonimbus cloud and terminate on the ground, called cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning. A less common type of strike, ground-to-cloud (GC) lightning
Lightning_strike
Optical phenomenon
Tenerife Parker Canyon, AZ. Aug 6th, 2022 2 iridescent clouds above a cumulonimbus calvus cloud. Seen in Khon Kaen, Thailand, on June 13th, 2026 Weather
Cloud_iridescence
Luminous plasma created in an electric field
during thunderstorms, when high-voltage differentials are present between clouds and the ground underneath. A local electric field of about 100 kV/m is required
St._Elmo's_fire
Form of solid precipitation
lower freezing zones, and wind shear. Like other precipitation in cumulonimbus clouds, hail begins as water droplets. As the droplets rise and the temperature
Hail
Streak or shaft of precipitation that evaporates or sublimates before reaching the ground
mechanism in which ice crystals from upper mixed-phase clouds fall into lower-lying liquid clouds and then grow larger by riming or vapour deposition through
Virga
Format for weather reports used in aviation
Visibility OK, indicating no cloud below 5,000 ft (1,500 m) or the highest minimum sector altitude and no cumulonimbus or towering cumulus at any level
METAR
Dangerous meteorological phenomena
both the surface of the earth and the base of a cumulonimbus cloud (thundercloud) or a cumulus cloud, in rare cases. Tornadoes come in many sizes but
Severe_weather
"Ceiling And Visibility OK"
No clouds below 5000 ft (1.5 km) or below Minimum Sector Altitude (MSA), whichever is greater No TCU (towering cumulus) or CB (cumulonimbus) clouds No
CAVOK_(aviation)
Mediterranean wind
Tropical seasons Dry season Harmattan Wet season Storms Cloud Cumulonimbus cloud Arcus cloud Downburst Microburst Heat burst Derecho Lightning Volcanic
Sirocco
Leading edge of a cooler mass of air
cold front is highly unstable, cumulonimbus clouds producing thunderstorms commonly form along the front. Anvil cirrus clouds may spread a considerable distance
Cold_front
Disturbed state of an astronomical body's atmosphere
forces can create winds and result in the formation of storm clouds such as cumulonimbus. Small localized areas of low pressure can form from hot air
Storm
Genus of high-altitude clouds
result of the breaking up of part of a cumulonimbus anvil. Properly, the term cirrocumulus refers to each cloud, but is typically also used to refer to
Cirrocumulus_cloud
Cloud species
altostratus or cumulonimbus), and don't produce precipitation themselves. Fractonimbus may eventually merge completely with overlying nimbostratus clouds. Stratus
Fractus_cloud
Coldest of the four temperate seasons
Tropical seasons Dry season Harmattan Wet season Storms Cloud Cumulonimbus cloud Arcus cloud Downburst Microburst Heat burst Derecho Lightning Volcanic
Winter
Vortex or tornado occurring over a body of water
of water, usually appearing as a funnel-shaped cloud in contact with the water and a cumuliform cloud. There are two types of waterspout, each formed
Waterspout
Mid-level cloud that indicates unstable air
clouds can grow into cumulus congestus clouds and, sometimes, into cumulonimbus clouds. "Appendix 3 - History of cloud nomenclature". "Stratocumulus castellanus
Stratocumulus castellanus cloud
Stratocumulus_castellanus_cloud
Type of tornado not originating from a mesocyclone
during the growth stage of a cumulus congestus or occasionally a cumulonimbus cloud when an updraft stretches boundary-layer vorticity upward and tightens
Landspout
Form of precipitation
precipitation falls from convective clouds (those with strong upward vertical motion) such as cumulonimbus (thunder clouds) which can organize into narrow
Rain
Act of intentionally altering or manipulating the weather
or altering the weather. The most common form of weather modification is cloud seeding, which increases rainfall or snowfall, usually for the purpose of
Weather_modification
Thunderstorm where little to no precipitation reaches the ground
arid areas. The shaft of precipitation that can be seen falling from a cloud without reaching the ground is called "virga". A thunderstorm does not have
Dry_thunderstorm
Type of intense dust storm
the desert, forming a wall of airborne sediment that precedes the storm cloud. This wall of dust can be up to 100 km (62 mi) wide, and several kilometers
Haboob
Sudden heavy snowfall accompanied with strong winds
amount of vertical growth and mixing the squall may develop embedded cumulonimbus clouds resulting in lightning and thunder which is dubbed thundersnow. Both
Snow_squall
Region of rotation within a powerful thunderstorm
direction or speed, known as wind shear. Second, a cumulonimbus cloud, or occasionally a cumulus cloud, must be present. During a thunderstorm, updrafts
Mesocyclone
Measure of instability in the air as a buoyancy force
relatively warm and moist air can stimulate the formation of cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds and fuel thunderstorms. More technically, CAPE is the integrated
Convective available potential energy
Convective_available_potential_energy
One of the Earth's four temperate seasons
Tropical seasons Dry season Harmattan Wet season Storms Cloud Cumulonimbus cloud Arcus cloud Downburst Microburst Heat burst Derecho Lightning Volcanic
Spring_(season)
Topics referred to by the same term
Columbium (Cb), an obsolete name for the element niobium Cumulonimbus cloud (Cb), a type of cloud CB-class midget submarine, WWII, Italy Block coefficient
CB
Light liquid precipitation
in diameter. Drizzle is normally produced by low stratiform clouds and stratocumulus clouds. Precipitation rates from drizzle are on the order of a millimetre
Drizzle
High intensity conflagration
generating what is known as pyrocumulus clouds ("fire clouds") or, if large enough, pyrocumulonimbus ("fire storm") clouds. For example, the black rain that
Firestorm
Characters, formations, and phases of water condensed in the atmosphere
precipitation are the result of large convective clouds, for example cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus clouds. In the initial stages of this precipitation
Precipitation_types
Hottest of the four temperate seasons
Tropical seasons Dry season Harmattan Wet season Storms Cloud Cumulonimbus cloud Arcus cloud Downburst Microburst Heat burst Derecho Lightning Volcanic
Summer
Part of the convective tower of a thunderstorm
forming a dome-like structure above the anvil. This can occur with any cumulonimbus cloud when instability is high. Whereas anvils form at the equilibrium level
Overshooting_top
Ground-level cloud of ice crystals
Diamond dust is a ground-level cloud composed of tiny ice crystals. This meteorological phenomenon is also referred to simply as ice crystals and is reported
Diamond_dust
Feedback between climate change and the effect of clouds on radiation
High clouds include the cirrus, cirrostratus and cumulonimbus cloud types. Scientifically they tend to be defined as those clouds with cloud top pressure
Cloud_feedback
Large scale rotating air mass
associated with broad areas of high-level clouds. Downward development results in an increase of cumulus clouds and the appearance of a surface vortex.
Cyclone
Type of cyclone occurring in the northern Atlantic coast of North America
their combination of northeast winds and moisture content of the swirling clouds. Similar conditions sometimes occur during winter in the Pacific Northeast
Nor'easter
Type of snowstorm
suspected cause of these huge blizzards during these several years. The clouds of ash it emitted continued to circulate around the world for many years
Blizzard
Yearly period of high rainfall
Tropical seasons Dry season Harmattan Wet season Storms Cloud Cumulonimbus cloud Arcus cloud Downburst Microburst Heat burst Derecho Lightning Volcanic
Wet_season
Strong surface-level winds that radiate from a single point
originates under deep, moist convective conditions like cumulus congestus or cumulonimbus. Capable of producing damaging winds, it may sometimes be confused with
Downburst
Cloud induced or caused by human activity
large fires may cause the formation of flammagenitus clouds, which can evolve to Cumulonimbus flammagenitus (CbFg, or CbFgh if anthropogenic); very large
Anthropogenic_cloud
Climate classification
Tropical seasons Dry season Harmattan Wet season Storms Cloud Cumulonimbus cloud Arcus cloud Downburst Microburst Heat burst Derecho Lightning Volcanic
Polar_climate
Fast-flowing atmospheric air current
heat in the atmosphere. That vapor also condenses as droplets we know as clouds, which themselves trap more heat. The vapor is a big part of the amplification
Jet_stream
Meteorological phenomenon
Tropical seasons Dry season Harmattan Wet season Storms Cloud Cumulonimbus cloud Arcus cloud Downburst Microburst Heat burst Derecho Lightning Volcanic
Wind_direction
1988 aviation accident in Germany
electrical power after a lightning strike while flying through a cumulonimbus cloud on approach to the airport. Spatially disoriented, the pilots did
Nürnberger Flugdienst Flight 108
Nürnberger_Flugdienst_Flight_108
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