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Disruption of the periodicity of a crystal lattice
A crystallographic defect is an interruption of the regular patterns of arrangement of atoms or molecules in crystalline solids. The positions and orientations
Crystallographic_defect
Imperfections in the crystal structure of diamonds and their effects
Ni-vacancy centers was obtained. Chemical vapor deposition of diamond Crystallographic defect Diamond color Diamond enhancement Gemstone irradiation Germanium-vacancy
Crystallographic defects in diamond
Crystallographic_defects_in_diamond
Solid material with highly ordered microscopic structure
A few examples of crystallographic defects include vacancy defects (an empty space where an atom should fit), interstitial defects (an extra atom squeezed
Crystal
Crystallographic defect; an atom missing from a lattice site
Crystals inherently possess imperfections, sometimes referred to as crystallographic defects. Vacancies occur naturally in all crystalline materials. At any
Vacancy_defect
Crystallographic defect of atoms within gaps in a lattice
In materials science, an interstitial defect is a type of point crystallographic defect where an atom of the same or of a different type, occupies an
Interstitial_defect
Crystallographic defect in which atoms are displaced from their spots in the structure
representations. Deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) Schottky defect Wigner effect Crystallographic defect Frenkel, Yakov (1926). "Über die Wärmebewegung in festen
Frenkel_defect
Type of point defect in a crystal lattice
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Schottky defect. Frenkel defect Wigner effect Crystallographic defects Kittel, Charles (2005). Introduction to Solid
Schottky_defect
Scientific study of crystal structures
by crystalline defects. The understanding of crystal structures is an important prerequisite for understanding crystallographic defects. Most materials
Crystallography
Bond transition dependent defect in the structure of molecular materials
A Stone–Wales defect is a crystallographic defect that involves the change of connectivity of two π-bonded carbon atoms, leading to their rotation by
Stone–Wales_defect
Linear crystallographic defect or irregularity
In materials science, a dislocation is a linear crystallographic defect or irregularity within a crystal structure that contains an abrupt change in the
Dislocation
Process by which small crystals dissolve in solution for the benefit of larger crystals
Ostwald ripening is a phenomenon observed in solid solutions and liquid sols that involves the change of an inhomogeneous structure over time, in that
Ostwald_ripening
Topics referred to by the same term
at birth Crystallographic defect, in the crystal lattice of solid materials Latent defect, in the law of the sale of property Product defect, a characteristic
Defect
Dislocation of atoms in a solid caused by neutron radiation
graphite will create 900 displacements. Not all displacements will create defects, because some of the struck atoms will find and fill the vacancies that
Wigner_effect
Type of crystallographic defect
where Farbe means color and zentrum means center) is a type of crystallographic defect in which an anionic vacancy in a crystal lattice is occupied by
F-center
Crystallographic defect affecting the electrical properties of ice
A Bjerrum defect is a crystallographic defect which is specific to ice, and which is partly responsible for the electrical properties of ice. It was first
Bjerrum_defect
Interface between crystallites in a polycrystalline material
crystallites, in a polycrystalline material. Grain boundaries are two-dimensional defects in the crystal structure, and tend to decrease the electrical and thermal
Grain_boundary
Type of crystallographic defect in Silicon
An A-center is a type of crystallographic defect complex in silicon which consists of a vacancy defect and an impurity oxygen atom. In general, oxygen
A-center
Conventions to describe crystals
positions of point defect species in crystals. It is primarily used for ionic crystals and is particularly useful for describing various defect reactions. It
Kröger–Vink_notation
domain boundary (IDB) is a planar defect in crystalline materials that separates two regions with opposing crystallographic polarity. IDBs are most frequently
Inversion_domain_boundary
An antiphase domain (APD) is a type of planar crystallographic defect in which the atoms within a region of a crystal are configured in the opposite order
Anti-phase_domain
Commons has media related to Silicon-vacancy center in diamond. Crystallographic defect Germanium-vacancy center in diamond Material properties of diamond
Silicon-vacancy center in diamond
Silicon-vacancy_center_in_diamond
Concept in materials science
effect is characterized by the segregation of solutes to stacking fault defects. When dislocations in an FCC system split into two partial dislocations
Cottrell_atmosphere
Concept in crystallography
Peierls stress (or Peierls–Nabarro stress, also known as the lattice friction stress) is the stress (first described by Rudolf Peierls and modified by
Peierls_stress
names: authors list (link) Arsenlis, A; Parks, D.M (March 1999). "Crystallographic aspects of geometrically-necessary and statistically-stored dislocation
Geometrically necessary dislocations
Geometrically_necessary_dislocations
In materials science, a Lomer–Cottrell junction is a particular configuration of dislocations that forms when two perfect dislocations interact on interacting
Lomer–Cottrell_junction
Net transport of atoms through a solid
solid state diffusion increases with temperature. For a single atom in a defect-free crystal, the movement can be described by the "random walk" model.
Atomic_diffusion
Point defect in diamonds
defect into the EPR-detectable excited state; the signals from the ground state are presumably too broad for EPR detection. Crystallographic defects in
Nitrogen-vacancy_center
Rule stating that the less stable polymorphs crystallize first
In materials science, Ostwald's rule or Ostwald's step rule, conceived by Wilhelm Ostwald, describes the formation of polymorphs. The rule states that
Ostwald's_rule
Material with a continuous, unbroken crystal lattice
microstructure of solids, such as impurities, inhomogeneous strain and crystallographic defects such as dislocations, perfect single crystals of meaningful size
Single_crystal
Chemical mechanism of spontaneous passivation
equilibrium and the instantaneous interfacial free energies. Oxide Crystallographic defect Corrosion Oxidation potential Reduction potential Pourbaix diagram
Metal_oxide_adhesion
classify diamonds into four main types according to the nature of crystallographic defects present. Trace impurities substitutionally replacing carbon atoms
Material properties of diamond
Material_properties_of_diamond
Movement of a screw dislocation between crystallographic planes
Movement of a screw dislocation between crystallographic planes
Cross_slip
Topics referred to by the same term
solution in various fields of physics Kink (materials science), a crystallographic defect Kink instability in plasma physics Kerberized Internet Negotiation
Kink
Interface between crystal structures
Kinks are deviations of a dislocation defect along its glide plane. In edge dislocations, the constant glide plane allows short regions of the dislocation
Kink_(materials_science)
while light metals such as aluminium do not. Surface states and crystallographic defects in the crystal lattice can also play role of deep-level traps.
Deep-level_trap
Deformation mechanism in crystalline materials
a dislocation step by step through a crystal lattice, a linear lattice defect is created between parts of the crystal lattice. Two types of dislocations
Dislocation_creep
Type of defect in a crystal
also called a micropore, microtube, capillary defect, or pinhole defect, is a crystallographic defect in a single-crystal substrate. Minimizing the presence
Micropipe
Radiation damage centre in silicon
m m = 1.1 ( 2 ) {\displaystyle T_{2N}^{mm}=1.1(2)} s. Silicon Crystallographic defect This revision arose from the observed temperature independent shift
T_centre
Decomposed form of dislocation that occurs within a crystalline material
In materials science, a partial dislocation is a decomposed form of dislocation that occurs within a crystalline material. An extended dislocation is a
Partial_dislocation
Collision causing gamma ray emission
for the study of crystallographic defects in metals and semiconductors; it is considered the only direct probe for vacancy-type defects. The reverse reaction
Electron–positron annihilation
Electron–positron_annihilation
Types of energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist
the electron and hole momentum. It can also, instead, involve a crystallographic defect, which performs essentially the same role. The involvement of the
Direct_and_indirect_band_gaps
Unit of mass
Part of a series on Diamonds Material Material properties Crystallographic defects Formation and surfacing The 4 Cs Carat Clarity Color Cut Production
Carat_(mass)
Type of defect in crystalline materials
In crystallography, a stacking fault is a planar defect that can occur in crystalline materials. Crystalline materials form repeating patterns of layers
Stacking_fault
Degree of structural order in a solid
separated by grain boundaries; furthermore, they contain other crystallographic defects (notably dislocations) that reduce the degree of structural perfection
Crystallinity
Law of electrical current and voltage
periodic structure, would have no resistivity, but a real metal has crystallographic defects, impurities, multiple isotopes, and thermal motion of the atoms
Ohm's_law
Empty space between atoms in a crystal lattice
cells. An interstitial defect refers to additional atoms occupying some interstitial sites at random as crystallographic defects in a crystal which normally
Interstitial_site
Ordered arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline material
and other variables such as crystal habit, amorphous fraction or crystallographic defects. Polymorphs have different stabilities and may spontaneously and
Crystal_structure
Optically active defect in diamonds
..514789P. doi:10.1038/srep14789. PMC 4593174. PMID 26435400. Crystallographic defects in diamond Material properties of diamond Nitrogen-vacancy center
Germanium-vacancy center in diamond
Germanium-vacancy_center_in_diamond
Application of an external magnetic field to a ferromagnet
in magnetization called Barkhausen jumps. This effect is due to crystallographic defects such as dislocations. Magnetic hysteresis loops are not exclusive
Magnetic_hysteresis
Faceting of a rough diamond to increase its brilliance
Part of a series on Diamonds Material Material properties Crystallographic defects Formation and surfacing The 4 Cs Carat Clarity Color Cut Production
Diamond_cutting
Color due to impurities or crystal lattice defects in diamond
of a diamond may be affected by chemical impurities and/or structural defects in the crystal lattice. Depending on the hue and intensity of a diamond's
Diamond_color
Crystal without defects
crystal that contains no point, line, or planar defects. There are a wide variety of crystallographic defects. The hypothetical concept of a perfect crystal
Perfect_crystal
Ratio of the resistivity of a material
other crystallographic defects, it serves as a rough index of the purity and overall quality of a sample. Since resistivity usually increases as defect prevalence
Residual-resistance_ratio
Angular defect in a material
In crystallography, a disclination is a line defect in which there is compensation of an angular gap. They were first discussed by Vito Volterra in 1907
Disclination
Research of materials
defects. The understanding of crystal structures is an important prerequisite for understanding crystallographic defects. Examples of crystal defects
Materials_science
German physicist (1884–1976)
vacancies and F-centers (also called color centers), a type of crystallographic defect. He also demonstrated the first transistor based on color centers
Robert_Wichard_Pohl
Semiconductors conference (EDS). Semiconductors Doping (semiconductor) Crystallographic defect Jantsch, Wolfgang (October 1993). "Preface". Materials Science
International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors
International_Conference_on_Defects_in_Semiconductors
Science of the description and interpretation of deformation in the Earth's crust
them as poly-crystalline materials. Dislocations are a type of crystallographic defect which consists of an extra or missing half plane of atoms in the
Structural_geology
Gemstone
inclusion behind mounting hardware such as prongs in a way that renders the defect invisible. However, large clouds can affect a diamond's ability to transmit
Diamond_(gemstone)
Bending of electron beams due to electrostatic interactions with matter
e.g. Contributions to the diffraction from elastic strain and crystallographic defects, and also what Jens Lindhard called the string potential. For transmission
Electron_diffraction
Chemical process
lattice site in the crystal structure of the carrier, resulting in a crystallographic defect; this can happen when the ionic radius and charge of the impurity
Coprecipitation
Chemical compounds that cannot be represented by an empirical formula
verified in body] Since the solids are overall electrically neutral, the defect is compensated by a change in the charge of other atoms in the solid, either
Non-stoichiometric_compound
Crystalline form of carbon
graphite, due to its similar properties. When a large number of crystallographic defects bind its planes together, graphite loses its lubrication properties
Graphite
existence of a crystallographic defect affects the material properties. Defects can occur in the form of atomic vacancies. High levels of such defects can lower
Mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes
Mechanical_properties_of_carbon_nanotubes
Inorganic, nonmetallic solid prepared by the action of heat
the theories of elasticity and plasticity, to the microscopic crystallographic defects found in real materials in order to predict the macroscopic mechanical
Ceramic
Capacity of a substance to dissolve in a homogeneous way
equilibration of many samples. If the dominant crystallographic defect (mostly interstitial or substitutional point defects) involved in the solid-solution can be
Solubility
Form of silicon with a continuous, unbroken crystal lattice
critical for electronics, since grain boundaries, impurities, and crystallographic defects can significantly impact the local electronic properties of the
Monocrystalline_silicon
Dependence of the state of a system on its history
in magnetization called Barkhausen jumps. This effect is due to crystallographic defects such as dislocations. Magnetic hysteresis loops are not exclusive
Hysteresis
Allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure
vacuum and about 750 °C in air. Crystallographic defects strongly affect the tube's thermal properties. Such defects lead to phonon scattering, which
Carbon_nanotube
Electromagnet made from coils of superconducting wire
3.5 TeV and 6.5 TeV per beam respectively. Because of initial crystallographic defects in the material, they will initially lose their superconducting
Superconducting_magnet
Relating to the appearance of internal and surface defects in diamond
of internal characteristics of a diamond called inclusions, and surface defects, called blemishes. Clarity is one of the four Cs of diamond grading, the
Diamond_clarity
Physical property of allowing light
Scattering centers include internal surfaces such as grain boundaries, crystallographic defects, and microscopic pores. Organic materials: Scattering centers include
Transparency_and_translucency
Standard entropy content of one mole of a substance under a standard state
'perfect crystal' without any residual entropy. This can be due to crystallographic defects, dislocations, and/or incomplete rotational quenching within the
Standard_molar_entropy
Semiconductor substrate technology
layer, crystallographic defects caused by the difference in crystal structure between the substrate and epitaxial growth are minimized. Defect-free growth
Lateral epitaxial overgrowth and pendeo-epitaxy
Lateral_epitaxial_overgrowth_and_pendeo-epitaxy
Type of nanostructure
compared to the inner parts of the nanostructures. This is due to the lower Vo defect formation energies in the interior of the nanostructures as compared to
Graphite-like zinc oxide nanostructure
Graphite-like_zinc_oxide_nanostructure
Interface between magnetic domains
get stuck on inclusion sites within the medium, also known as crystallographic defects. These include missing or different (foreign) atoms, oxides, insulators
Domain_wall_(magnetism)
Crystal defect
Silicon carbide color centers are point defects in the crystal lattice of silicon carbide, which are known as color centers. These color centers have
Silicon_carbide_color_centers
Diamond with prior use
Part of a series on Diamonds Material Material properties Crystallographic defects Formation and surfacing The 4 Cs Carat Clarity Color Cut Production
Recycled_diamond
Type of cut used when shaping a diamond
dulled sparkle. While most polish defects are a result of the cutting process, some surface flaws are a result of defects in the natural stone. One example
Diamond_cut
Pure semiconductor without any significant dopant species present
conductivity of chemically pure semiconductors can still be affected by crystallographic defects of technological origin (like vacancies), some of which can behave
Intrinsic_semiconductor
Notable individual diamonds
Part of a series on Diamonds Material Material properties Crystallographic defects Formation and surfacing The 4 Cs Carat Clarity Color Cut Production
List_of_diamonds
Computational physics simulation algorithm
generating and studying micro-structures formed under conditions of a crystallographic defect or a geometrical frustration It should be added that the original
Lubachevsky–Stillinger algorithm
Lubachevsky–Stillinger_algorithm
Type of crystal structure
achieved. A characteristic defect in double perovskites is antisite disorder, in which B and B′ cations exchange crystallographic positions. Antisite disorder
Perovskite_(structure)
Imaging and diffraction using electrons that pass through samples
plastic deformation via strain fields as well as the motion of crystallographic defects such as lattice distortions and dislocation motion. By simultaneously
Transmission electron microscopy
Transmission_electron_microscopy
Chemical compound
presence of excess arsenic, GaAs boules grow with crystallographic defects; specifically, arsenic antisite defects (an arsenic atom at a gallium atom site within
Gallium_arsenide
Branch of physics which studies the behavior of materials modeled as continuous media
molecules, separated by empty space or microscopic cracks and crystallographic defects, physical phenomena can often be modeled by considering a substance
Continuum_mechanics
Topics referred to by the same term
a theoretical topological defect in the structure of spacetime Crystallographic texture, distribution of crystallographic orientations in a polycrystalline
Texture
Energy needed to dislocate an atom within a solid lattice
direction. Threshold energy Stopping power (particle radiation) Crystallographic defect Primary knock-on atom Wigner effect Andersen, H. H. (1979). "The
Threshold_displacement_energy
Crystallization Crystallographic database Crystallographic defect Crystallographic group Crystallographic point group Crystallographic restriction theorem
Index_of_physics_articles_(C)
Topics referred to by the same term
racehorse Platelets (journal), a scholarly journal Diamond platelet, a crystallographic defect of diamond Tectonic platelet, a minor tectonic plate This disambiguation
Platelet_(disambiguation)
Increase in the total entropy of a compound system after mixing
A pure crystal has no spatial uncertainty at all, except for crystallographic defects, and a (perfect) crystal allows us to localize the molecules using
Entropy_of_mixing
Quantum-mechanical vector property in solid-state physics
collisions, called electron scattering, are most commonly caused by crystallographic defects, the crystal surface, and random thermal vibrations of the atoms
Crystal_momentum
Chinese physicist (1919–2005)
calculated the average emitted phonons in a electronic transition in crystallographic defect. The formula they developed is known as the Huang–Rhys factor [de]
Huang_Kun
Measure of chemical reaction in cement
surface area available for reaction. Moreover, grinding creates crystallographic defects at and below the particle surface. The dissolution rate of the
Pozzolanic_activity
Materials made only out of carbon
superlubricity can also account for this effect. When a large number of crystallographic defects (physical) bind these planes together, graphite loses its lubrication
Allotropes_of_carbon
Many distinct physical causes for eigenstrains exist, such as crystallographic defects, thermal expansion, the inclusion of additional phases in a material
Eigenstrain
also the research on Anderson localization in systems with defects (i.e., crystallographic defect) and disordered systems. Many of the novel and important
Eleftherios_Economou
Materials whose temperature variance leads to voltage change
the ZT value, the mechanics of cation exchange often bring about crystallographic defects, which cause phonons (simply put, heat particles) to scatter. According
Thermoelectric_materials
Tendency of crystalline materials to split along favored planes
design weakness while parting results from growth defects (deviations from the basic crystallographic design). Thus, cleavage will occur in all samples
Cleavage_(crystal)
heat of solids from Dulong–Petit law. The first theory describing crystallographic defects is developed by Vito Volterra. Pierre Weiss introduces the magnetic
Timeline of condensed matter physics
Timeline_of_condensed_matter_physics
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