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Pseudoscience and subculture that studies creatures
Cryptozoology is a pseudoscience and subculture that searches for and studies unknown, legendary, or extinct animals whose present existence is disputed
Cryptozoology
whose present existence is disputed or unsubstantiated by science. Cryptozoology, the study of cryptids, is a pseudoscience claiming that such beings
List_of_cryptids
Legendary Indigenous North American creature
The thunderbird is a mythological birdlike spirit in North American Indigenous peoples' history and culture. It is considered a supernatural being of power
Thunderbird_(mythology)
American cryptozoologist (born 1947)
number of topics, including cryptozoology. He is also the President, Founder and leading Director of the International Cryptozoology Museum in Portland, Maine
Loren_Coleman
Type of dragon described in mythology
A sea serpent is a type of sea monster described in various mythologies and religious texts. Famous sea serpents include: the Mesopotamian Tiamat, Ugaritic
Sea_serpent
Elongated visual artifacts appearing in media
In cryptozoology and ufology, "rods" (also known as "skyfish", "air rods", or "solar entities") are elongated visual artifacts appearing in photographic
Rod_(optical_phenomenon)
Alleged lake monster in Lake Champlain, United States
In American folklore, Champ or Champy is the name of a lake monster said to live in Lake Champlain, a 125-mile (201 km)-long body of fresh water shared
Champ_(folklore)
of notable cryptozoologists and people associated with the field of cryptozoology, including prominent skeptics and hoaxers. Michael M. Ames (1933–2006)
List_of_cryptozoologists
Mythical creature in Scottish folklore
other recognized natural phenomena. The pseudoscience and subculture of cryptozoology has placed particular emphasis on the creature. In August 1933, the
Loch_Ness_Monster
Irish mythical creature
The Dobhar-chú (Irish pronunciation: [ˈd̪ˠoːɾˠxuː]; lit. 'water dog' or 'water hound'), or King otter, is a creature of Irish and Scottish folklore. It
Dobhar-chú
Mythical creature
Enthusiasts of Bigfoot, such as those within the pseudoscience of cryptozoology, have offered various forms of dubious evidence to support Bigfoot's
Bigfoot
German and American writer (1906–1969)
and American science writer and proponent of space exploration and cryptozoology. The crater Ley on the far side of the Moon is named in his honor. Willy
Willy_Ley
Purported phenomena beyond the scope of normal scientific understanding
(for example, telepathy), and the pseudosciences of ghost hunting, cryptozoology, and ufology. Proposals regarding the paranormal are different from
Paranormal
Defunct American cryptid organisation
The International Society of Cryptozoology (ISC) was an organization dedicated to the field of cryptozoology founded in 1982 in Washington, D.C. It ceased
International Society of Cryptozoology
International_Society_of_Cryptozoology
Topics referred to by the same term
The Giant earthworm is a name often given to a variety of large invertebrates in the class Clitellata, many being from the family Megascolecidae. It may
Giant_earthworm
Topics referred to by the same term
Mogollon may refer to: Mogollon culture (c. 200–1500 CE), a culture in what is now Northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States Mogollon Monster
Mogollon
Belgian-French scientist, explorer, and early cryptozoologist (1916–2001)
and subculture of cryptozoology. His 1955 book On the Track of Unknown Animals is regarded as one of the most influential cryptozoology texts. Heuvelmans
Bernard_Heuvelmans
Extinct genus of primate
potentially archaic human activity. Gigantopithecus has become popular in cryptozoology circles as the identity of the Tibetan yeti or the American bigfoot
Gigantopithecus
Topics referred to by the same term
Goatman or Goat man may refer to: Goatman (urban legend), a legendary creature from Prince George's County, Maryland, United States Goatman (Kentucky)
Goatman
American anthropologist (1958–2025)
Don Jeffrey Meldrum (24 May 1958 – 9 September 2025) was an American anthropologist and academic. He was a full professor of Anatomy and Anthropology in
Jeffrey_Meldrum
Irish-American explorer, cryptozoologist and media personality
Investigation Peter C. Byrne at IMDb Look up cryptozoology in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Media related to Cryptozoology at Wikimedia Commons v t e
Peter_C._Byrne
British zoologist, cryptozoologist and author (born 1959)
various magazines, Shuker is also the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Cryptozoology, which began in November 2012. Shuker received a BSc (Hons) in zoology
Karl_Shuker
American biologist (1925–2013)
Chicago biologist best known to the general public for his interest in cryptozoology. Born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1925, Mackal served in the United
Roy_Mackal
Soviet historian (1905–1972)
neurolinguistics as relating to the origins of man. Porshnev took interest in cryptozoology and has been described with Marie-Jeanne Koffman [fr] as the "revered
Boris_Porshnev
British author and journalist (c. 1897–1992)
Odette Tchernine (c. 1897–1992) was a British author, cryptozoologist, novelist and journalist. Tchernine was born in Paris to a Russian financier father
Odette_Tchernine
Animals living in Scotland
The fauna of Scotland is generally typical of the northwest European part of the Palearctic realm, although several of the country's larger mammals were
Fauna_of_Scotland
Croatian American anthropologist (1920–1994)
Markotic took interest in bigfoot and was a researcher in the field of cryptozoology, which has been criticized as pseudoscience. In 1984, he contributed
Vladimir Markotic (anthropologist)
Vladimir_Markotic_(anthropologist)
Pterosaur-looking reptilian cryptid in Central Africa
skepticism toward the pterosaur hypothesis, ending the kongamato chapter in Cryptozoology A to Z by stating: "Other cryptozoologists, such as Karl Shuker and
Kongamato
Alleged creature in the Caucasus, Pamir and Altai mountains
Rinchen also notes that Ivan T. Sanderson, one of the founders of cryptozoology, made attempts at explaining the name that are "absolutely inacceptable
Almas_(folklore)
Supposed 1943 US Navy experiment
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Philadelphia_Experiment
Unusual Abkhazian woman mistaken for a cryptid
Boris Porshnev (who would later become a prominent figure in Soviet cryptozoology) traveled to Tkhina and collected local stories about her. Porshnev
Zana_of_Tkhina
American explorer and writer (born 1952)
Rory Nugent (born 1952) is an American explorer and writer. He was based out of New Bedford, Massachusetts from 1988 to 2004. Nugent was born in New York
Rory_Nugent
Cryptid from Fresno, California
for a walk", which may account for the popularity of the creature. Cryptozoology List of cryptids List of urban legends Paranormal Preternatural Urban
Fresno_nightcrawler
The coexistence of humans and non-avian dinosaurs exists only as a recurring motif in speculative fiction, owing to the fact that humans and non-avian
Human–dinosaur_coexistence
British naturalist, writer and cryptozoologist (1911–1973)
Belgian-French biologist Bernard Heuvelmans, Sanderson was a founding figure of cryptozoology, or the study of unknown animals, a field critics describe as a pseudoscience
Ivan_T._Sanderson
World War I U-boat in the German Imperial Navy
SM UB-85 was a Type UB III U-boat in the German Imperial Navy (German: Kaiserliche Marine) during World War I. Ordered on 23 September 1916, the U-boat
SM_UB-85
Alleged living Stegosaurid in the Congo
ISBN 978-90-04-08543-5. Norman, Scott T. "Mbielu-mbielu-mbielu: Overview". www.cryptozoology.net. Archived from the original on 2006-06-16. Retrieved 2026-03-01
Mbielu-mbielu-mbielu
2023-11-20. Retrieved 2026-04-03. Shuker, Karl (2013). Dragons in Zoology, Cryptozoology, and Culture Book. Coachwhip Publications. p. 104. ISBN 978-1616462154
List of dragons in mythology and folklore
List_of_dragons_in_mythology_and_folklore
American historian
Searching for Sasquatch: Crackpots, Eggheads and Cryptozoology, a scholarly study of cryptozoology. He has also written on the history of the Jersey
Brian_Regal
Water-dwelling entity that supposedly lives in the Congo River Basin
mid-20th century, the entity became a point of focus among adherents of cryptozoology and young Earth creationism, resulting in numerous expeditions led by
Mokele-mbembe
Geological surveyor of Tasmania
author of the book Mythical Monsters (1886) considered an early work on cryptozoology. Prior to this, Gould published in the Papers and Proceedings of Royal
Charles_Gould_(geologist)
Legendary cryptid in the Amazon
"Annotated Checklist of Apparently Unknown Animals With Which Cryptozoology Is Concerned", Cryptozoology 5 (1986) Oren (2001), p. 4. Veracini, Cecilia; Camphora
Mapinguari
1955 book by Bernard Heuvelmans
is credited with introducing the term cryptozoology and established its author as the "Father of Cryptozoology." As one reviewer explained, it is a book
On the Track of Unknown Animals
On_the_Track_of_Unknown_Animals
American anthropologist (1904–1981)
Carleton Stevens Coon (June 23, 1904 – June 3, 1981) was an American anthropologist and professor at the University of Pennsylvania. He is best known for
Carleton_S._Coon
American criminal and new religious movement leader (born 1945)
themes and Judaism; later he mixed ideas taken from black nationalism, cryptozoology, Christianity, UFO religions, New Age, the sovereign citizen movement
Dwight_York
Carcass found in Florida, US in 1896
International Society of Cryptozoology (as was F. G. Wood), decided to test the samples himself. In an issue of Cryptozoology in 1986, he wrote, "Gennaro
St._Augustine_Monster
British horologist, naval officer, author and radio personality (1890–1948)
Rupert Thomas Gould (16 November 1890 – 5 October 1948) was a lieutenant-commander in the British Royal Navy noted for his contributions to horology (the
Rupert_Gould
Cryptozoologist (1942–2005)
or cryptids. He was the secretary for the International Society for Cryptozoology from its inception to his death. Born in Surrey, England, Greenwell
Richard_Greenwell
South African deity
Mamlambo is a deity in South African and Zulu mythology, the "goddess of rivers", described as a large snake-like creature. In 1997, South African newspapers
Mamlambo
American author
pseudoscientific topics such as "UFOs, secret societies, suppressed technology, cryptozoology [and] conspiracy theory". Childress, having no degree, refers to himself
David_Hatcher_Childress
Alleged audio recording of Bigfoot
consensus maintains Bigfoot remains firmly within the pseudoscience of cryptozoology and is not a real creature. In 1971, Ron Morehead and Alan R. "Al" Berry
Sierra_Sounds
Cryptozoology enthusiast (born 1941)
Carmine Thomas Biscardi (born 1948) is a cryptozoology enthusiast, Las Vegas promoter, internet radio host, and film producer. He describes himself as
Tom_Biscardi
Paranormal sight of the future
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Precognition
American remote viewing pioneer (1933–2013)
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Ingo_Swann
U.S. Army investigations of psychic phenomena
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Stargate Project (U.S. Army unit)
Stargate_Project_(U.S._Army_unit)
Knowledge of the hidden or the paranormal
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Occult
American inventor and businessman (1916–1962)
Encounters in Cryptozoology.[citation needed] That book mentions many of Slick's adventures, in politics, art, science, and cryptozoology, including his
Tom_Slick
American animated television series
1960s-era Hanna-Barbera action series and Jay Stephens's interest in cryptozoology. The Secret Saturdays revolves around the eponymous Saturdays, a family
The_Secret_Saturdays
Canadian actor (born 1931)
exploring news reports relating to left-field topics such as UFOs and cryptozoology. Later that year, his career as a comic television actor reached its
William_Shatner
2013 American reality television series
Mountain Monsters is an American cryptozoology-themed reality television series airing on Travel Channel. It originally premiered on June 22, 2013, on
Mountain_Monsters
Topics referred to by the same term
epoch Living dinosaurs, in beliefs adherent to the pseudosciences of cryptozoology and young Earth creationism, such as the Mokele-mbembe. Partridge Creek
Living_dinosaur
Claimed form of extrasensory perception
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Clairvoyance
American writer
in conjunction with Publishing Triangle. Grumley was interested in cryptozoology, he was the author of a book on Bigfoot, titled There are Giants in
Michael_Grumley
English broadcaster and natural historian (born 1926)
discovery (The Explorers, 1975). He presented a BBC children's series about cryptozoology entitled Fabulous Animals (1975), which featured mythical creatures
David_Attenborough
Fearsome or grotesque fictional being
Bunyip Centaur Cerberus Changeling Charybdis Chimera Chupacabra Churel Cryptozoology Cthulhu Cyclopes Cetus Cockatrice Demon Devil Draugr Dragon Dr. Jekyll
Monster
American folklorist
Dendle has written books and articles on a number of topics, including cryptozoology, philology, the demonic in literature, zombie films, and Medieval plants
Peter_Dendle
Wine box claimed to be haunted
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Dybbuk_box
American writer (1951–2021)
Cryptozoology won the American Library Association's award for Outstanding Reference Work in 2006. The book features 2,744 entries on cryptozoology with
Michael_Newton_(author)
Mythical ape-like creature from Asia
ISBN 0-395-26299-2. Taylor, pp. 106–20. Gee, Henry (2004). "Flores, God and Cryptozoology". Nature News. doi:10.1038/news041025-2. Haviland, Charles (1 December
Yeti
Irish author (born 1946)
published in Dublin. Peter Costello has also written in the field of cryptozoology, e.g. his In Search of Lake Monsters (1974), and The Magic Zoo: The
Peter_Costello_(author)
Reports of large non-native feline sightings in Britain
spotted in the same area and believed to be linked to the first two. Cryptozoology European wildcat Kellas cat, a type of hybrid cat resulting from natural
British_big_cats
Perception of a patch of shadow as a living, humanoid figure
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Shadow_person
1977 book by Jay Anson
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
The_Amityville_Horror
Mythical creature in Ontario
on the lake. In 2016, John Kirk of the British Columbia Scientific Cryptozoology Club claimed on The Shirley Show to have a tape of the creature, though
Igopogo
Paranormal reality television series (2007–2012)
world to investigate claims of the supernatural, mainly in the field of cryptozoology. The third season concluded on April 21, 2010, and holds the highest
Destination_Truth
American politician (born 1954)
Biological transmutation Conscientiology Creation science Intelligent design Cryptozoology Dianetics Auditing Dowsing Electronic voice phenomenon Eugenics Facilitated
Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr.
Belief in the connection of unrelated events
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Magical_thinking
Alleged creature in Wexford County, Michigan
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Michigan_Dogman
Large snake-like cryptid in Scottish folklore
p. 208. ISBN 978-1-931044-64-6. Eberhart, George M. (2002). Mysterious Creatures: A Guide to Cryptozoology. ABC-CLIO. p. 44. ISBN 978-1-57607-283-7.
Beithir
Cryptid from Australian folklore
centuries. Modern reports of the Yowie continue, often associated with cryptozoology investigations. One such case involved "Top End Yowie investigator"
Yowie
Species of unknown origins
without clear affinities to an earlier species. Cosmopolitan distribution Cryptozoology Alan Burdick (2006). Out of Eden: An Odyssey of Ecological Invasion
Cryptogenic_species
American writer (1913–2000)
1913 – October 26, 2000) was an American writer known for his books on cryptozoology and marine life. Soule contributed articles to Boys' Life and Popular
Gardner_Soule
American doctor of neuropsychology, explorer and author
Dr. Miller is also the author of three books about his adventures in cryptozoology such as Chasing Legends and The Legend Continues, which are currently
Marc_Wolfgang_Miller
Alleged creature sighted in Dover, Massachusetts, USA
appeared at night that put the town of Dover on the map in the world of cryptozoology, the study and search for legendary creatures. Multiple teen drivers
Dover_Demon
In Missouri folklore, the Beaman Monster is an entity named after the town of Beaman. Legends about the monster vary; some describe the creature as the
Beaman_Monster
Alleged ape-like creature said to inhabit the Meghalaya subtropical forests in India
"Search for Bigfoot in Meghalaya's jungles', IANS (2007) Will the Indian Army’s Yeti post boost interest in cryptozoology? (Down-to-earth.org) (2019)
Mande_Barung
American psychic medium (born 1969)
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
John_Edward
Mythological human able to transform into a wolf
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Werewolf
American biological anthropologist and cryptozoologist (1931–2002)
to the scientific study of Bigfoot, beginning in 1963. Because his cryptozoology research was ignored by mainstream scientists, despite his academic
Grover_Krantz
American physicist and writer
interest in collecting data regarding anomalous phenomena (including cryptozoology, out-of-place artifacts and unidentified flying objects). Corliss was
William_R._Corliss
Divination game
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Charlie_Charlie_challenge
American psychic medium
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Suzane_Northrop
Urban legend based on a region in North Atlantic
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Bermuda_Triangle
American paranormal investigators and authors
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Ed_and_Lorraine_Warren
Brazilian faith healer and convicted sex offender (born 1942)
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
João_Teixeira_de_Faria
Unidentified globster
"Globsters, Gambo, Trunko and Other Carcasses". Hunting Monsters: Cryptozoology and the Reality Behind the Myths. Arcturus Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78428-591-3
Trunko
British palaeontologist and writer
and exhibitions. Naish is also known for scepticism in work examining cryptozoology topics, including sea monster sightings. Born Darren William Naish in
Darren_Naish
American anthology horror film
Bob Briggs as a talk radio host who decides to discuss the topic of cryptozoology, prompting listeners to call in and relay stories about cryptids. The
Cryptids_(film)
Urban legend
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Black-eyed_children
Urban legend
Breatharianism Clairvoyance Close encounter Cold spot Crystal gazing Conjuration Cryptozoology Demonic possession Demonology Doppelgänger Ectoplasm Electronic voice
Pope_Lick_Monster
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