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State-imposed tax to fund churches
A church tax is a tax collected by the state from members of some Christian denominations to provide financial support of churches, such as the salaries
Church_tax
Religious donation
agricultural produce. Church tax linked to the tax system are used in many countries to support their national church. Donations to the church beyond what is
Tithe
collect taxes. Taxes collected are distributed to the Government, municipalities, churches, and the Social Insurance Institution (Kela). Finnish taxes can
Taxation_in_Finland
types of taxes: corporate tax (excluding dividend taxes), individual income tax, capital gains tax, wealth tax (excluding property tax), property tax, inheritance
List of countries by tax rates
List_of_countries_by_tax_rates
taxes. Ever since the income tax was introduced in Denmark via a fundamental tax reform in 1903, it has been a fundamental pillar in the Danish tax system
Taxation_in_Denmark
rejected a proposal to tax inheritances and gifts of more than 50 million Swiss Francs at 50%. Most cantons levy a church tax (Kirchensteuer / impôt ecclésiastique
Taxation_in_Switzerland
Compulsory contribution to state revenue
one's earnings or agricultural produce), paid to the Church (and thus too specific to be a tax in strict technical terms). This should not be confused
Tax
Tax on investment profits
A capital gains tax (CGT) is the tax on profits realised on the sale of a non-inventory asset. The most common capital gains are realised from the sale
Capital_gains_tax
Leaving a country to avoid paying taxes
A tax exile is a person who leaves a country to avoid the payment of income tax or other taxes. The term refers to an individual who already owes money
Tax_exile
Financial crime
Tax evasion or tax fraud is an illegal attempt to defeat the imposition of taxes by individuals, corporations, trusts, and others. Tax evasion often entails
Tax_evasion
Tax based on taxable income
income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) in respect of the income or profits earned by them (commonly called taxable income)
Income_tax
Income tax paid to the government by the income-payer
Tax withholding, also known as tax retention, pay-as-you-earn tax or tax deduction at source, is income tax paid to the government by the payer of the
Tax_withholding
to confess your faith unless legally required (i. e. registration for church tax) and the right not to be exposed to religion while in a position of "subordination"
Freedom of religion in Germany
Freedom_of_religion_in_Germany
Value-added tax in India
and Services Tax (GST) is an indirect tax introduced in India on 1 July 2017, replacing a range of pre-existing taxes like VAT, service tax, central excise
Goods and Services Tax (India)
Goods_and_Services_Tax_(India)
their religious affiliation so that the church tax can be deducted by the state and passed on to the relevant church in the state where the taxpayer lives
Catholic_Church_in_Germany
Tax on persons emigrating from a country
exit tax is a tax on persons who cease to be tax-resident in a country. It is usually a form of capital gains tax against unrealized gains. Exit tax can
Exit_tax
The tax status of the Church of Scientology in the United States has been the subject of decades of controversy and litigation. Although the Church of
Tax status of Scientology in the United States
Tax_status_of_Scientology_in_the_United_States
Area of law
tax revenue is derived or levied, e.g. income tax, estate tax, business tax, employment/payroll tax, property tax, gift tax and exports/imports tax.
Tax_law
Form of taxation in Australia
Income tax in Australia is imposed by the federal government on the taxable income of individuals and corporations. State governments have not imposed
Income_tax_in_Australia
Tax imposed on employers or employees
A payroll tax may be imposed on employers or employees. They are usually calculated as a percentage of the salaries that employers pay their employees
Payroll_tax
potential tax rates around Europe for certain income brackets. It is focused on three types of taxes: corporate, individual, and value added taxes (VAT).
Tax_rates_in_Europe
Type of tax
flat tax (short for flat-rate tax) is a tax with a single rate on the taxable amount, after accounting for any deductions or exemptions from the tax base
Flat_tax
Software used for tax compliance
Tax compliance software is software that assists tax compliance, and may cover income tax, corporate tax, VAT, service tax, customs, sales tax, use tax
Tax_compliance_software
Central government agency in India
The Income Tax Department is a government agency undertaking direct tax collection of the government of the Republic of India. It functions under the Department
Income_Tax_Department
Australia covers income tax, GST and other taxes levied by both the states and the Federal government of Australia. Income taxes are the most significant
Taxation_in_Australia
Flat tax on private income from capital
final withholding tax and possible church tax (8 or 9% of the flat tax). This makes a total of Abgeltungsteuer of 26.375% church tax excluded. The surplus
Abgeltungsteuer
Fixed tax paid by every liable individual
A poll tax, also known as head tax or capitation, is a tax levied as a fixed sum on every liable individual (typically every adult), without reference
Poll_tax
Refusal to pay a tax in opposition to government policy or taxation itself
Tax resistance (also known as a tax strike or tax revolt) is the refusal to pay tax because of opposition to the government that is imposing the tax, or
Tax_resistance
Monetary exemption from taxes that would otherwise be levied
property, income, or transactions. Tax-exempt status may provide complete relief from taxes, reduced rates, or tax on only a portion of items. Examples
Tax_exemption
Levy on the unimproved value of land
inefficiency, and helps reduce economic inequality. A land value tax is a progressive tax, in that the tax burden falls on land owners, because land ownership is
Land_value_tax
broad categories: Income tax Payroll tax Property tax Consumption tax Tariff (taxes on international trade) Capitation, a fixed tax charged per person Fees
List_of_taxes
Aspect of tax law
In a tax system, the tax rate is the ratio (usually expressed as a percentage) at which a business or person is taxed. The tax rate that is applied to
Tax_rate
Higher tax on richer sources
progressive tax is a tax in which the tax rate increases as the taxable amount increases. The term progressive refers to the way the tax rate progresses
Progressive_tax
State-supported Lutheran church
from church tax. The voluntary congregation and its pastor are subordinate to the bishop of the diocese, and members remain full members of the Church. Historically
Church_of_Denmark
Tax on money or property that one living person gives to another
a gift tax is the tax on money or property that one living person or corporate entity gives to another. A gift tax is a type of transfer tax that is
Gift_tax
Form of illuminati in india
income tax 7.43 (5.23%) Corporate taxes 45.99 (32.3%) Other taxes 1.83 (1.29%) Excise taxes 35.84 (25.2%) Customs duties 17.46 (12.3%) Other taxes 1.68
Income_tax_in_India
Higher tax rate on companies
windfall tax is a higher tax rate on profits that ensue from a sudden windfall gain to a particular company or industry. There have been windfall taxes in various
Windfall_tax
Proposed tax reform
In economics, a negative income tax (NIT) is a system which reverses the direction in which tax is paid for incomes below a certain level; in other words
Negative_income_tax
Tax on luxury goods
A luxury tax is a tax on luxury goods: products not considered essential. A luxury tax may be modeled after a sales tax or VAT, charged as a percentage
Luxury_tax
Type of taxation in Canada
taxes levied. These are : Provincial sales taxes or PST (French: Taxes de vente provinciale - TVP), levied by the provinces. Goods and services tax or
Sales_taxes_in_Canada
Proportion of income paid in taxes at different income levels
The tax burden is the level of effective taxation represented as the distribution of tax rates across people, households, sectors, or forms of income by
Tax_burden
Financial optimization technique
Tax avoidance is the legal use of the tax regime in a single territory to one's own advantage to reduce the amount of tax that is payable. A tax shelter
Tax_avoidance
Ancient Jewish religious practice
The Temple tax (מחצית השקל, lit. 'half shekel') was a tax paid by Jews in and beyond the Land of Israel for the upkeep of the Jewish Temple. Traditionally
Temple_tax
Amount that one may deduce from taxable revenue
A tax deduction is an amount deducted from taxable income, usually based on expenses such as those incurred to produce additional income. Tax deductions
Tax_deduction
Tax on an entity's holdings of assets
A wealth tax, also called a capital tax, equity tax, or net wealth tax, is a tax on an entity's holdings of assets or an entity's net worth. This includes
Wealth_tax
Tax paid after inheritance of property
International tax law distinguishes between an estate tax and an inheritance tax. An inheritance tax is a tax paid by a person who inherits money or property
Inheritance_tax
Scientology organization
jeopardize its tax-exempt status". List of Scientology organizations Scientology officials "What is Church of Spiritual Technology?". Church of Scientology
Church of Spiritual Technology
Church_of_Spiritual_Technology
alphabetically, with total tax revenue as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) for the listed countries. The tax percentage for each country
List of countries by tax revenue
List_of_countries_by_tax_revenue
Tax on the sales of certain goods and services
sales tax is a tax paid to a governing body for the sales of certain goods and services. Usually, laws allow the seller to collect funds for the tax from
Sales_tax
Fee charged by a country when a person is leaving it
departure tax is a fee charged (under various names) by a country when a person is leaving the country. Some countries charge a departure tax only when
Departure_tax
New tax that is collected in a way that is not obvious
A stealth tax is a tax levied in a way that is largely unnoticed, or not recognized as a traditional tax. The phrase was generally used in the United Kingdom
Stealth_tax
American think tank
The Tax Foundation is an international research think tank based in Washington, D.C. that collects data and publishes research studies on U.S. tax policies
Tax_Foundation
Temporary reduction or elimination of a tax
A tax holiday is a temporary reduction or elimination of a tax. It is synonymous with tax abatement, tax subsidy or tax reduction. Governments usually
Tax_holiday
Measure of the economic effect of a tax
economics, the tax incidence measures who actually pays for a tax. Economists distinguish between the entities who ultimately bear the burden of a tax (the real
Tax_incidence
Evaluation of property for tax purposes
calculate a property tax. This is usually done by an office called the assessor or tax assessor. Governments need to collect taxes to function. Federal
Tax_assessment
Compulsory levy on energy released from a source
A fuel tax, also known as a gas tax or a fuel duty, is an excise tax imposed on the sale of fuel. In most countries, the fuel tax is imposed on fuels which
Fuel_tax
Higher tax ratio on poorer sources
A regressive tax is a tax imposed in such a manner that the tax rate decreases as the amount subject to taxation increases. "Regressive" describes a distribution
Regressive_tax
Type of tax
consumption tax is a tax levied on consumption spending on goods and services. The tax base of such a tax is the money spent on consumption. Consumption taxes are
Consumption_tax
Process used by international companies to adjust employee pay to account for taxation
Tax equalization is a policy applied by some international companies under which employees who are hired in one country and later accept a (temporary)
Tax_equalization
Tax on certain goods and transactions
In economics, a duty is a target-specific form of tax levied by a state or other political entity. It is often associated with customs, in which context
Duty_(tax)
Tax imposed on voluntary childlessness
Tax on childlessness is defined as taxes on childless adults, typically implemented in order to increase the birth rate and to combat population decline
Tax_on_childlessness
Reduction in taxable income achieved through allowable deductible expenses
A tax shield is the reduction in income taxes that results from taking an allowable deduction from taxable income. For example, because interest on debt
Tax_shield
Tax based on value of transaction
An ad valorem tax (Latin for "according to value") is a tax whose amount is based on the value of a transaction or of a property. It is typically imposed
Ad_valorem_tax
Repayment of overpayed a tax
A tax refund is a payment to the taxpayer due because the taxpayer has paid more taxes than owed. In Canada, income tax is deducted by the employer under
Tax_refund
Taxes imposed on removal of natural resources
Severance taxes are taxes imposed on the removal of natural resources within a taxing jurisdiction. Severance taxes are most commonly imposed in oil producing
Severance_tax
Tax paid directly to the government by the person on whom it is imposed
direct tax is a tax imposed upon a person or property as distinct from a tax imposed upon a transaction, which is described as an indirect tax. There
Direct_tax
Tax on activity generating negative externalities
A Pigouvian tax (also spelled Pigovian tax) is a tax on a market activity that generates negative externalities, that is, costs incurred by third parties
Pigouvian_tax
Representation of the relationship between taxation and government revenue
government's tax revenue. The theory reasons that because no tax revenue is raised at the extreme tax rates of 0% and 100%, there must be a tax rate between
Laffer_curve
Tax on property, particularly real estate
property tax (whose rate is expressed as a percentage or per mille, also called millage) is an ad valorem tax on the value of a property. The tax is levied
Property_tax
German brewery
Munich, are financed with proceeds from brewery - without the aid of any church tax funds. The earliest documented reference to beer being brewed in Andechs
Klosterbrauerei_Andechs
Dedicating a revenue stream to a certain purpose, in public finance
hypothecation of a tax (also known as the ring-fencing or earmarking of a tax) is the dedication of the revenue from a specific tax for a particular expenditure
Hypothecated_tax
Tax on corporations
A corporate tax, also called corporation tax or company tax or corporate income tax, is a type of direct tax levied on the income or capital of corporations
Corporate_tax
Revenue-generating measure
tourist tax in Europe and the United States is to levy a tax on accommodation known as a hotel tax, occupancy tax, lodging tax or bed tax. The tax is levied
Tourist_tax
Someone who refuses to pay a tax claiming it is invalid
A tax protester is someone who refuses to pay a tax claiming that the tax laws are unconstitutional or otherwise invalid. Tax protesters are different
Tax_protester
Tax resistance, the practice of refusing to pay taxes that are considered unjust, has probably existed ever since rulers began imposing taxes on their
List of historical acts of tax resistance
List_of_historical_acts_of_tax_resistance
Tax on surplus value of resource exploitation
A resource rent tax is a tax on the rents gained on the exploitation of a resource. It can cover both renewable and non-renewable resources. It is classically
Resource_rent_tax
Tax that is not visible to the taxpayer
A hidden tax is a tax that is not visible to the taxpayer. These taxes can raise prices of goods and lower salaries for workers. Hidden taxes, although
Hidden_tax
Range of legal and illegal activities that reduce tax paid
Tax noncompliance is a range of activities that are unfavorable to a government's tax system. This may include tax avoidance, which is tax reduction by
Tax_noncompliance
Excise or sales tax specifically levied on goods deemed harmful to society
A sin tax (also known as a sumptuary tax, or vice tax) is an excise tax specifically levied on certain goods deemed harmful to society and individuals
Sin_tax
Tax based on property vacancy
A vacancy tax is a type of excise, or use tax, on properties, either commercial or residential, that are unoccupied or vacant, for a specified amount
Vacancy_tax
Total or partial exemption from tax
A tax incentive is an aspect of a government's taxation policy designed to incentivize or encourage a particular economic activity by reducing tax payments
Tax_incentive
Aspect of religion
Protestant church bodies – like those of parishes within Catholic dioceses and those enrolled in Jewish congregations –, are required to pay a church tax, a surcharge
Lutheranism_by_region
Type of tax in the United States
A use tax is a type of tax levied in the United States by numerous state governments. It is essentially the same as a sales tax but is applied not where
Use_tax
Legislation prohibiting interracial relationships
which was a tax office phenomenon. German tax offices deducted church tax from taxpayers, enrolled with a religious body, with the general tax collection
Anti-miscegenation_laws
Political movement originating in the American Revolution
that as they were not represented in the distant British parliament, any taxes it imposed on the colonists (such as the Stamp Act and the Townshend Acts)
No taxation without representation
No_taxation_without_representation
Tax incentive
A tax credit is a tax incentive which allows certain taxpayers to subtract the amount of the credit they have accrued from the total they owe the state
Tax_credit
Reduction in the tax charged by a government
A tax cut (or tax rate cut) is a reduction in taxes collected by a government. It usually refers to reductions in the percentage of tax paid on income
Tax_cut
Type of tax
An indirect tax (such as a sales tax, per unit tax, value-added tax (VAT), excise tax, consumption tax, or tariff) is a tax that is levied upon goods
Indirect_tax
Form of taxation in Canada
personal income taxes than it did from corporate income taxes. Tax collection agreements enable different governments to levy taxes through a single
Income_tax_in_Canada
Form of taxation in the Netherlands
Income tax in the Netherlands (personal, rather than corporate) is regulated by the Wet inkomstenbelasting 2001 (Income Tax Law, 2001). The fiscal year
Income_tax_in_the_Netherlands
Method of changing compulsory fees or levies as part of broad economic programmes
Tax reform is the process of changing the way taxes are collected or managed by the government and is usually undertaken to improve tax administration
Tax_reform
Proposed international tax scheme
The global minimum corporate tax rate, or simply the global minimum tax (abbreviated GMCT or GMCTR), is a minimum rate of tax on corporate income internationally
Global minimum corporate tax rate
Global_minimum_corporate_tax_rate
efficiency. If tax efficiency needs to be assessed, tax cost must be taken into account, including administrative costs and excessive tax burden also known
Tax_efficiency
effectively the biggest tax haven in the world" — Andrew Penney, Rothschild & Co. In 2010, the United States implemented the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act;
United_States_as_a_tax_haven
Property tax based on the number of windows in a house
People who were exempt from paying church or poor rates, for reasons of poverty, were exempt from the window tax. Window tax was relatively unintrusive and
Window_tax
Tax to support disease treatment
solidarity tax on airplane tickets (Taxe de solidarité sur les billets d'avion, also known as Chirac Tax) is a surcharge on the civil aviation tax which is
Solidarity tax on airplane tickets
Solidarity_tax_on_airplane_tickets
Indirect tax on goods purchases
taxes. Cascade tax Goods and Services Tax Gross receipts tax Sales tax Turnover tax in the Soviet Union Value-added tax "Turnover Tax for Small Business"
Turnover_tax
Choice by a government as to what taxes to levy, in what amounts, and on whom
Tax policy refers to the guidelines and principles established by a government for the imposition and collection of taxes. It encompasses both microeconomic
Tax_policy
Division at which a tax rate changes
Tax brackets are the divisions at which tax rates change in a progressive tax system (or an explicitly regressive tax system, though that is rarer). Essentially
Tax_bracket
excise taxes, while others are shared. Municipalities retain the right to levy local taxes, including property tax (Grundsteuer) and trade tax (Gewerbesteuer);
Taxation_in_Germany
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