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World's first human-made nuclear reactor
Chicago Pile-1 (CP-1) was the first artificial nuclear reactor. On 2 December 1942, the first human-made self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction was initiated
Chicago_Pile-1
First heavy water reactor in the world
Chicago Pile-3 (CP-3) was the world's first heavy water reactor. One of the first research reactors, it was constructed in 1943 at Site A, a research facility
Chicago_Pile-3
Nuclear disposal site in Cook County, Illinois, US
of Chicago Pile-2, a reconstructed and enlarged version of the world's first nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile-1. The first heavy-water reactor, Chicago Pile-3
Site_A
Laboratory at the University of Chicago
produced the first controlled nuclear chain reaction, in the reactor Chicago Pile-1, which was constructed under the stands of the university's old football
Metallurgical_Laboratory
Thermal-neutron research reactor at Argonne National Laboratory (1954–1979)
Chicago Pile-5 (CP-5) was the last of the line of Chicago Pile research reactors which started with CP-1 in 1942. The first reactor built on the Argonne
Chicago_Pile-5
Device for controlled nuclear reactions
neutronics. In 1942, the first artificial critical nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile-1, was built by the Metallurgical Laboratory. From 1944, for weapons production
Nuclear_reactor
metal for the world's first self-sustaining chain reaction in Chicago (Chicago Pile-1) in the early phase of the Manhattan Project to create the first
Westinghouse_Lamp_Plant
Decommissioned nuclear reactor in Tennessee, US
known as the Clinton Pile and X-10 Pile, it was the world's second artificial nuclear reactor (after Enrico Fermi's Chicago Pile-1) and the first intended
X-10_Graphite_Reactor
World War II Allied nuclear weapons program
PMID 17746246. Retrieved 23 March 2013. Libby 1979, pp. 214–216. "CP-1 (Chicago Pile 1 Reactor)". Argonne National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy
Manhattan_Project
Type of nuclear reactor
be used as nuclear fuel. The first artificial nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1, used nuclear graphite as a moderator. Graphite-moderated reactors were
Graphite-moderated_reactor
Breeder reactor in Idaho, US
early stages, the reactor plant was referred to as Chicago Pile-4 (CP-4) and Zinn's Infernal Pile. Installation of the reactor at EBR-I took place in
Experimental Breeder Reactor I
Experimental_Breeder_Reactor_I
Private university in Chicago, Illinois, US
produced the world's first human-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction in Chicago Pile-1 beneath the viewing stands of the university's Stagg Field. Advances
University_of_Chicago
Topics referred to by the same term
County, New Jersey, United States The Chicago Pile-1, the world's first artificial nuclear fission reactor The Pile, a common nickname for the ruins of
Pile
Community area in Chicago, Illinois
Industry and two of Chicago's four historic sites listed in the original 1966 National Register of Historic Places—Chicago Pile-1, the world's first artificial
Hyde_Park,_Chicago
American physicist (1920–1993)
1993) was an American physicist who was involved in the planning of the Chicago Pile-1, the first nuclear reactor to achieve criticality, and in other reactor
Harold_Lichtenberger
Nuclear physicist (1906–2000)
construction of Chicago Pile-1, the world's first nuclear reactor, which went critical on December 2, 1942, at the University of Chicago. At Argonne he
Walter_Zinn
Hungarian-American physicist and inventor (1898–1964)
within the Chicago Pile-1 on December 2, 1942. He worked for the Manhattan Project's Metallurgical Laboratory at the University of Chicago on aspects
Leo_Szilard
Subatomic particle with no charge
nuclear fission in 1938, the first self-sustaining nuclear reactor (Chicago Pile-1, 1942), and the first nuclear weapon (Trinity, 1945). Neutrons are found
Neutron
Italian-American physicist (1901–1954)
being the creator of the world's first artificial nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile-1, and a member of the Manhattan Project. He won the 1938 Nobel Prize
Enrico_Fermi
Reaction that splits an atomic nucleus
in Chicago, they had achieved 0.918 by removing moisture from the oxide. In May 1942, Fermi planned a full-scale chain reacting pile, Chicago Pile-1, after
Nuclear_fission
Period of history since 1945
1933 and the first artificial self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction (Chicago Pile-1) had taken place in December 1942, the Trinity test and the ensuing
Atomic_Age
Topics referred to by the same term
Macintosh font Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation, a 1944 agreement Chicago Pile-1, the world's first nuclear reactor Windows Chicago, the code
Chicago_(disambiguation)
engineer who built instrumentation for the first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1, and went on to work at other United States Department of Energy national
Wilcox_P._Overbeck
American physicist
stood ready with an axe to cut the scram line during the start up of Chicago Pile-1, the world's first nuclear reactor to achieve criticality. Horace van
Norman_Hilberry
Area of the city of Chicago, Illinois, US
primary The University of Chicago is one of the world's leading universities, counting 101 affiliated Nobel laureates. At Chicago Pile-1 at the university, the
South_Side,_Chicago
Stadium in Chicago, Illinois
on the Near South Side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Opened in 1924, the stadium has served as the home of the Chicago Bears of the National Football
Soldier_Field
American nuclear physicist (1919–2008)
Laboratory in Chicago, where he remained for the duration of the war. He was one of the team of scientists who built the Chicago Pile-1, the world's first
David_L._Hill
Historic district in Illinois, United States
Jerome Snell Hall and Charles Hitchcock Hall, Arthur H. Compton House, Chicago Pile-1, St. Thomas Church and Convent, Frederick C. Robie House, George Herbert
Hyde Park–Kenwood Historic District
Hyde_Park–Kenwood_Historic_District
American nuclear physicist (1919–1986)
experimented with the world's first nuclear reactor (then called a pile), Chicago Pile-1, in a project led by her mentor Enrico Fermi. In particular, Woods
Leona_Woods
Archaeological site in southwestern Illinois, US
Kitt (2002). Cahokia: Mirror of the Cosmos. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-10136-1. Emerson, Thomas E. (1997). Cahokia and the Archaeology
Cahokia
German nuclear reactor test facility
The Haigerloch atomic pile was a German nuclear research facility. It was built in a rock cellar in Hohenzollerischen Lande, Haigerloch early in 1945 as
Haigerloch_atomic_pile
Sculpture by Henry Moore (LH 526, University of Chicago)
Moore on the campus of the University of Chicago at the site of the world's first nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile-1. The first human-made self-sustaining nuclear
Nuclear_Energy_(sculpture)
Baseball stadium in Chicago, Illinois, US
ballpark on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is the home ballpark of Major League Baseball's Chicago Cubs, one of the city's two MLB
Wrigley_Field
American physicist (1892–1962)
to design an atomic bomb. Compton oversaw Enrico Fermi's creation of Chicago Pile-1, the first nuclear reactor, which went critical on December 2, 1942
Arthur_Compton
Historic site in Springfield, Illinois
known as the "catacombs," or burial room. In 1876, however, after two Chicago criminals failed in an attempt to steal Lincoln's body and hold it for
Lincoln_Tomb
US Navy Gato-class submarine
Robert (9 August 1987). "Silversides Gets Hero's Welcome". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 1 June 2012. Lehr, Sarah (21 July 2026). "World War II submarine
USS_Silversides_(SS-236)
American physicist (1917–2007)
Metallurgical Laboratory at the University of Chicago. He was a member of the team that built Chicago Pile-1, the world's first artificial nuclear reactor
Albert_Wattenberg
Canadian physicist and chemist (1910–1946)
Slotin might have been present at the start-up of Enrico Fermi's "Chicago Pile-1", the first nuclear reactor, on 2 December 1942; the accounts of the
Louis_Slotin
some very low powered research reactors have even been air-cooled with Chicago Pile 1 relying on natural convection of the surrounding air to remove the negligible
Nuclear_reactor_heat_removal
Free speech principles held by United States colleges
The Chicago Principles (also referred to as the Chicago Statement) are a set of guiding principles intended to demonstrate a commitment to freedom of
Chicago_Principles
Office skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois
The Marquette Building, completed in 1895, is a Chicago Landmark that was built by the George A. Fuller Company and designed by architects Holabird &
Marquette_Building_(Chicago)
Emergency shutdown of a nuclear reactor
declassified information on the Chicago Pile. The report includes a section written by Wilson's team shortly after the Chicago Pile achieved a self-sustaining
Scram
Aquarium in Chicago, Illinois, United States
Aquarium (formally the John G. Shedd Aquarium) is a public aquarium in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is one of the oldest continually operating
Shedd_Aquarium
French chemist (1912–2002)
world's first man-made self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction in the Chicago Pile-1 experimental reactor. Despite the decision of the U.S. government to
Bertrand_Goldschmidt
(September 18, 1907 – July 1, 1995) was an American physicist. On December 2, 1942, he removed the control rod from the Chicago Pile-1 nuclear reactor, initiating
George_Weil
Italian style of bottle wrapped in straw
the first self-sustaining, controlled nuclear chain reaction at the Chicago Pile-1 in 1942 Tacconi, Stefania (2023-11-19). "La storia del fiasco toscano"
Fiasco_(bottle)
American nuclear physicist (1909–1965)
Metallurgical Laboratory, and helped build the first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1. Graves, Harold V. Lichtenberger and Warren Nyer formed Enrico Fermi's
Alvin_C._Graves
House in Chicago, Illinois
Places and the National Register of Historic Places list (along with Chicago Pile-1, Robie House, and Lorado Taft Midway Studios). After The Hull House
Hull_House
American physicist
the Metallurgical Laboratory at the University of Chicago in 1942, and helped build Chicago Pile-1, the world's first nuclear reactor. In 1943, he joined
Harold_Agnew
Nuclear research reactor in Moscow, Russia
The F-1 (Ф-1, from Russian: первый физический реактор, pervyy fizicheskiy reaktor, 'first physical reactor', CIA: Fursov Pile) is a research reactor operated
F-1_(nuclear_reactor)
the first uranium-fuelled nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile-1, which was activated at the University of Chicago in 1942. In Paris in 1934, Irène and Frédéric
Nuclear_weapon
Isotope of hydrogen with one neutron
had succeeded in getting a reactor operational (as the U.S. did with Chicago Pile-1 in late 1942), they would still have been at least several years away
Deuterium
Modernist house in Plano, Illinois, US
governor's late spending spree; Office deal, Mies house affected". Chicago Tribune. p. 1.1. ISSN 1085-6706. ProQuest 419864821. "Last-minute purchases of
Farnsworth_House
plant. On December 2, Chicago Pile-1, the first artificial nuclear reactor, achieves criticality at the University of Chicago. The Manhattan Project's
Timeline_of_nuclear_power
the first uranium-fuelled nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile-1, which was activated at the University of Chicago in 1942. In Paris in 1934, Irène and Frédéric
History_of_nuclear_weapons
Building in Chicago, Illinois
South Michigan Avenue and Ida B. Wells Drive in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Completed in 1889, it is one of the best-known
Auditorium_Building
Historic gate in Chicago, Illinois
at Peoria Street, was the entrance to the famous Union Stock Yards in Chicago. The gate was designed by Burnham and Root around 1875, and is the only
Union_Stock_Yard_Gate
United States historic place
Illinois NHL Sites Chicago Adler Planetarium Arthur H. Compton House Auditorium Building Chicago Board of Trade Building Chicago Pile-1 Daniel Hale Williams
Morrow_Plots
Chemical element with atomic number 92 (U)
initiate the first artificial self-sustained nuclear chain reaction, Chicago Pile-1. An initial plan using enriched uranium-235 was abandoned as it was
Uranium
Type of nuclear reactor design
energy. Preceding the concept and the first achieved criticality in Chicago Pile-1, Columbia University physicists Enrico Fermi and Herbert L. Anderson
Accelerator-driven subcritical reactor
Accelerator-driven_subcritical_reactor
German World War II submarine
the United States Navy on 4 June 1944 and survives as a museum ship in Chicago. In her career, she had the distinction of being the "most heavily damaged
German_submarine_U-505
Park in Chicago, Illinois
Columbus Park is a 135-acre (55 ha) park located on the far West Side of Chicago, Illinois, in the Austin neighborhood. It is considered the finest work
Columbus_Park_(Chicago)
Business school of the University of Chicago
University of Chicago Booth School of Business (branded as Chicago Booth) is the graduate business school of the University of Chicago, a private research
University of Chicago Booth School of Business
University_of_Chicago_Booth_School_of_Business
Office building in Chicago, Illinois
visiting Chicago". Oakland Tribune. p. 1. ProQuest 351881433. "Architecture: The First Chicago School". Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago. Chicago Historical
Rookery_Building
School of economic thought
The Chicago school of economics is a neoclassical school of economic thought associated with the work of the faculty at the University of Chicago, some
Chicago_school_of_economics
Private law school in Chicago, Illinois, US
The University of Chicago Law School is the law school of the University of Chicago, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States
University of Chicago Law School
University_of_Chicago_Law_School
Graphite used as a reflector or moderator within a nuclear reactor
the University of Chicago where it became the primary source of graphite to be used in the construction of Fermi's Chicago Pile-1, the first nuclear
Nuclear_graphite
Changes". The Chicago Maroon. November 16, 1945. p. 8. "Reorganize UC administration". The Chicago Maroon. Vol. 70, no. 7. October 13, 1960. p. 1. "The President
List of presidents of the University of Chicago
List_of_presidents_of_the_University_of_Chicago
Academic building in Chicago, Illinois
building on the campus of the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Completed in 1956, the structure was designed
S._R._Crown_Hall
House in Chicago, Illinois
is a historic house museum on the University of Chicago campus in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Designed by the architect
Robie_House
Conservation lagerstätte in Illinois on the National Register of Historic Places
areas. Most concretions are found among the shale and sandstone that was piled up in either a spoil tip of an older underground mine, or ridges of the
Mazon_Creek_fossil_beds
Military production site in Illinois, United States
in peace and in war. With maps and illus. Cornell University Library. Chicago : H.O. Shepard. The Civil War in America, The Library of Congress Chestnut
Rock_Island_Arsenal
Library in Chicago, Illinois
Obama Presidential Center is a museum, library, and education project in Chicago to commemorate the presidency of Barack Obama, the 44th president of the
Barack Obama Presidential Center
Barack_Obama_Presidential_Center
NASA engineer and physicist (born 1965)
concept feasible. White has stated that "warp travel" has not yet seen a "Chicago Pile-1" experiment, a reference to the very first nuclear reactor, the breakthrough
Harold_G._White
Research laboratory in Illinois, US
University of Chicago. The Met Lab built Chicago Pile-1, the world's first nuclear reactor, under the stands of the University of Chicago sports stadium
Argonne_National_Laboratory
Test Pile was the fourth reactor in the world to achieve criticality, in March 1944, following the Manhattan Project's construction of Chicago Pile-1, Chicago
305_Test_Pile
Nuclear power plant in Obninsk, Russia (operates 1954–2002)
but was not grid-connected)[citation needed] F-1 (nuclear reactor) (the Soviet equivalent of Chicago Pile 1)[citation needed] Magnox reactor prototypes at
Obninsk_Nuclear_Power_Plant
Research project in Nazi Germany
reactor-like arrangement. In June 1942, some six months before the American Chicago Pile-1 achieved man-made criticality for the first time anywhere, Döpel's L-IV
German nuclear program during World War II
German_nuclear_program_during_World_War_II
Historic American steamboat
pp. 87–88. William Howland Kenney (2005). Jazz on the River. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 21–23. Annie Amantea Blum (2017). "Chapter 2". Steamer
President_(1924_steamboat)
Secret laboratory established by the Manhattan Project
only the third reactor in the world to do so, the first two being the Chicago Pile-1 reactor at the Metallurgical Laboratory and the X-10 Graphite Reactor
Project_Y
deans of the University of Chicago Law School. (Source) "Deans Collection | University of Chicago Law School Research". Chicago Unbound. Retrieved November
List of deans of the University of Chicago Law School
List_of_deans_of_the_University_of_Chicago_Law_School
Skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois
The Chicago Board of Trade Building is a 44-story, 604-foot (184 m) Art Deco skyscraper located in the Chicago Loop, standing at the foot of the LaSalle
Chicago Board of Trade Building
Chicago_Board_of_Trade_Building
creation of the first man-made reactor, the research reactor known as Chicago Pile-1, which achieved criticality on 2 December 1942. The reactor's development
History_of_nuclear_power
Monument in Forest Park, Illinois, U.S.
located at Forest Home Cemetery in Forest Park, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. Dedicated in 1893, it commemorates the defendants involved in labor unrest
Haymarket_Martyrs'_Monument
United States historic place
Illinois NHL Sites Chicago Adler Planetarium Arthur H. Compton House Auditorium Building Chicago Board of Trade Building Chicago Pile-1 Daniel Hale Williams
John_Deere_House_and_Shop
Bridge between Illinois and Missouri, U.S.
railroads since the Civil War had depressed river shipping trade, and Chicago was fast gaining as the center of commerce in the West. The bridge was
Eads_Bridge
Historic house in Illinois, United States
Illinois NHL Sites Chicago Adler Planetarium Arthur H. Compton House Auditorium Building Chicago Board of Trade Building Chicago Pile-1 Daniel Hale Williams
Ulysses_S._Grant_Home
This list of University of Chicago people provides links to list articles that include the faculty members, researchers, graduates, and other students
List of University of Chicago people
List_of_University_of_Chicago_people
Open space in Cook County, Illinois, US
the Site A/Plot M Disposal Site, which contains the buried remains of Chicago Pile-1, the world's first artificial nuclear reactor. This section of the forest
Red_Gate_Woods
Smallest amount of fissile material needed to sustain a nuclear reaction
criticality corresponds to 1 = f σ m s ρ 2 / 3 M 1 / 3 {\displaystyle 1={\frac {f\sigma }{m{\sqrt {s}}}}\rho ^{2/3}M^{1/3}} which clearly recovers the
Critical_mass
Building in Springfield, Illinois
Illinois NHL Sites Chicago Adler Planetarium Arthur H. Compton House Auditorium Building Chicago Board of Trade Building Chicago Pile-1 Daniel Hale Williams
Old State Capitol State Historic Site
Old_State_Capitol_State_Historic_Site
Private college focused on computer science
Institute at Chicago (TTIC or TTI-Chicago) is a private graduate school and research institute focused on computer science and located in Chicago, Illinois
Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago
Toyota_Technological_Institute_at_Chicago
High-energy particle physics laboratory in Illinois, US
United States, near Chicago. It is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy and operated by the University of Chicago through the subordinate
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Fermi_National_Accelerator_Laboratory
This list of University of Chicago alumni consists of notable people who graduated or attended the University of Chicago. The alumni of the university
List of University of Chicago alumni
List_of_University_of_Chicago_alumni
Self-amplifying chain of events
accomplished by Enrico Fermi and others, in the successful operation of Chicago Pile-1, the first artificial nuclear reactor, in late 1942. An electron avalanche
Chain_reaction
Public higher learning institution in Italy
known for his work on the development of the first nuclear reactor, Chicago Pile-1, and for his contributions to the development of quantum theory, nuclear
Scuola_Normale_Superiore
Field of physics dealing with nuclear reactors
form of graphite has been widely used as a moderator. It was used in Chicago Pile-1, the world's first man-made critical assembly, and was commonplace in
Nuclear_reactor_physics
Publishing arm of the University of Chicago
The University of Chicago Press is the university press of the University of Chicago, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. It is the largest
University_of_Chicago_Press
Teaching hospital in Chicago, Illinois
University of Chicago Medical Center is a nationally ranked academic medical center located in Hyde Park on the South Side of Chicago. It is the flagship
University of Chicago Medical Center
University_of_Chicago_Medical_Center
Historic district in Illinois, United States
Illinois NHL Sites Chicago Adler Planetarium Arthur H. Compton House Auditorium Building Chicago Board of Trade Building Chicago Pile-1 Daniel Hale Williams
Principia College Historic District
Principia_College_Historic_District
travel, tourism, insurance
CHICAGO PILE-1
CHICAGO PILE-1
CHICAGO PILE-1
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