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A chemotype (sometimes chemovar) is a chemically distinct entity in a plant or microorganism, with differences in the composition of the secondary metabolites
Chemotype
Species of flowering plant
sylvestris has four major chemotypes: linalool chemotype (maximum 30.0%), carvacrol chemotype (maximum 25.0%), thymol chemotype (maximum 23.8%), and geranyl
Thymus_zygis
Low-THC cannabis plant
plastics, paint, insulation, biofuel, food, and animal feed. Although chemotype I cannabis and hemp (types II, III, IV, V) are both Cannabis sativa and
Hemp
Species of plant
and Gonzalez-Coloma et al 2013 the Gonzalez-Coloma group discovered a chemotype that does not produce β-thujone but does contain terpenoids not seen elsewhere
Artemisia_absinthium
Species of tree
called chemotypes, which are camphor, linalool, 1,8-cineole, nerolidol, safrole, and borneol. In China, field workers avoid mixing chemotypes when harvesting
Camphora_officinarum
Essential oil of New Zealand tea tree
oil is dependent on its chemotype. Manuka oil from the East Cape region of New Zealand, described as a high triketone chemotype, is commercially important
Manuka_oil
Species of flowering plant
"P-type") has been described from southern Scandinavia and Russia. While this chemotype is rare in Scandinavia, it seems to be dominant in Russia according to
Barbarea_vulgaris
Genus of flowering plants
When plants of these two chemotypes cross-pollinate, the plants in the first filial (F1) generation have an intermediate chemotype and produce intermediate
Cannabis
Species of tree
distinct chemical forms. These forms or chemotypes are characterised by the organic compounds terpenes. Chemotype 1 has acyclic foliar terpenes, with concentrations
Melaleuca_quinquenervia
Species of plant
Wang J, Qu W, Bittenbender HC, et al. (2013). "Kavalactone content and chemotype of kava beverages prepared from roots and rhizomes of Isa and Mahakea
Kava
Species of flowering plant
way are known as chemotypes and a geographical population will generally contain a mix of chemotypes. For example, studies of chemotypes in Greenland, Iceland
Thymus_praecox
Psychoactive component of cannabis
(1983). "Possible role of ultraviolet radiation in evolution of Cannabis chemotypes". Economic Botany. 37 (4): 396–405. Bibcode:1983EcBot..37..396P. doi:10
Tetrahydrocannabinol
Species of lichen-forming fungus
chemically diverse southern distribution featuring five varying chemotypes. These chemotypes were later classified by Jonathan Dey in 1978, who discovered
Ramalina_americana
Species of flowering plant
Sammal, Subhash S, Chanotiya, Chandan S "Valeriana wallichii DC, a New Chemotype from Northwestern Himalaya" Journal of Essential Oil Research, Nov-Dec
Valeriana_jatamansi
Species of lichen-forming fungus
1850. Material traditionally identified as T. vermicularis occurs as two chemotypes distinguished by their chemical composition and ultraviolet fluorescence:
Thamnolia_vermicularis
Species of tree
[citation needed] Backhousia citriodora has two essential oil chemotypes. The citral chemotype is more prevalent and is cultivated in Australia for flavouring
Backhousia_citriodora
Species of lichen in the family Parmeliaceae
a shrubby thallus with a blackened base, and a thick cortex. Several chemotypes of this species have been reported. The lichen is widely distributed in
Usnea_glabrescens
Species of plant
ravintsara. However, ravintsara more properly refers to a local high-cineole chemotype of Camphora officinarum. Cryptocarya agathophylla is a small to medium-sized
Cryptocarya_agathophylla
Chemical compound
and NA-PINAC, represent a structurally unusual synthetic cannabinoid chemotype since they contain an ester linker at the indole 3-position rather than
QUCHIC
Essential oil extracted from rose petals
to as extending the rose fragrance. This may be done to compensate for chemotype, e.g. Bulgarian distilled rose oil is naturally low in phenylethanol,
Rose_oil
Genus of fungi
after fungal growth on water-damaged building materials. Stachybotrys chemotypes are toxic, with one producing trichothecene mycotoxins including satratoxins
Stachybotrys
Chemical compound
in 2013. PB-22 represents a structurally unique synthetic cannabinoid chemotype, since it contains an ester linker at the indole 3-position, rather than
PB-22
Distilled oil from the leaf of Eucalyptus
extracted the essential oil from the cineole chemotype of Eucalyptus radiata. This resulted in the cineole chemotype becoming the generic 'oil of eucalyptus'
Eucalyptus_oil
Cannabinoid agonist compound
Content of Cannabis sativa Inflorescence from Various Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 84 (2): 531–536. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod
Tetrahydrocannabiphorol
Plant species
Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–31. Bibcode:2016JNAtP..79.
Cannabis_sativa
Phytocannabinoid discovered in 1940
Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–331. Bibcode:2016JNAtP..79
Cannabidiol
Species of flowering plant in the carrot family
are not always safe and poisoning may occur. In Sardinia two different chemotypes of Ferula communis have been identified: poisonous (especially to animals
Ferula_communis
Species of plant
out more studies in 2013 to analyze the genus mixing molecular markers, chemotypes and morphological characteristics. They proposed a refinement in Hillig's
Cannabis_ruderalis
Species of lichen
The secondary metabolites present in Lepraria xerophila vary by chemotype. Chemotype I (most specimens) contains minor atranorin, major pannaric acid
Lepraria_xerophila
Chemical compound
natural (+)-borneol is produced from Cinnamomum burmanni (one specific chemotype) and Cinnamomum camphora. Natural (-)-borneol occurs in Blumea balsamifera
Borneol
Combination of genetic material between compatible mating types
successful offspring. High variation has been reported including same-chemotype mating, sporophyte to gametophyte mating and biparental transfer of mitochondria
Mating_in_fungi
Chemical compound found in some species of mushrooms
2021), indicating that the effects are not limited to (R)-DOI or are chemotype dependent. Flanagan TW, Billac GB, Landry AN, Sebastian MN, Cormier SA
Psilocybin
Species of fungus
related species and cryptic species all under this name. There are two chemotypes in S. chartarum, one that produces trichothecene mycotoxins such as satratoxin H
Stachybotrys_chartarum
Species of lichen-forming fungus
(orange). While Laundon's 1981 study suggested the lichen possessed a single chemotype containing calycin and vulpinic acid, subsequent research indicates greater
Chrysothrix_chlorina
Minor cannabinoid
Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–331. Bibcode:2016JNAtP..79
Cannabigerol
Species of plant
leaves have the highest concentration of essential oil (4.3%). Multiple chemotypes exist within the species and can be distinguished by analyzing the essential
Ocimum_campechianum
Species of lichen
impossibilis produces three chemotypes, all containing atranorin and roccellic acid (which may be present or absent). Chemotype 1 includes fumarprotocetraric
Lepraria_isidiata
Genus of lichen-forming fungi
contains a number of chemotypes related to the content of the major substances in the medulla. Species with the same chemotype always have the same one
Cetrelia
Group of chemical compounds
Qu, W; Bittenbender, H. C.; Li, Q. X. (2013). "Kavalactone content and chemotype of kava beverages prepared from roots and rhizomes of Isa and Mahakea
Kavalactone
Chemical compound found in some lichens
pannarin and vicanicin rarely co-occur in the same lichen thallus. A chemotype of Lecanora dispersa has 2,7-dichlorolichexanthone as its predominant
Pannarin
Beverage made from infusing or decocting plant material in hot water
Qu, W; Bittenbender, H. C; Li, Q. X (2013). "Kavalactone content and chemotype of kava beverages prepared from roots and rhizomes of Isa and Mahakea
Herbal_tea
Species of lichen
California. Chemotype 1 is dominant from Haida Gwaii northward; chemotype 2 becomes more frequent toward the southern end of the range, while chemotype 3 is
Cladonia_albonigra
Genus of lichens
against the recognition of species based solely on chemical differences ("chemotypes") unless strongly correlated morphological or anatomical differences are
Usnea
Species of tree
Northern Territory and for making numerous household items. There are four chemotypes of oil based on elemicin or eugenol that are present in the plant. Methyl
Melaleuca_bracteata
Plant species in the mint family
[page needed] Vokou, D.; Kokkini, S. (1989-04-01). "Mentha spicata (Lamiaceae) chemotypes growing wild in Greece". Economic Botany. 43 (2): 192–202. Bibcode:1989EcBot
Spearmint
Genus of bacteria
(2003). "Streptacidiphilus gen. nov., acidophilic actinomycetes with wall chemotype I and emendation of the family Streptomycetaceae (Waksman and Henrici
Streptomyces
Compounds found in cannabis
Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–331. Bibcode:2016JNAtP..79
Cannabinoid
Chemical compound
modern high-throughput screening techniques can be used to discover new chemotypes with specific activity profiles, even at targets such as the μ-opioid
PZM21
Genus of flowering plants
appearance alone. Chemical studies classify the genus into different chemotypes, depending on the essential oils they contain. Three wild species that
Perilla
Small molecule (PROTAC)
2023). "Discovery of a Drug-like, Natural Product-Inspired DCAF11 Ligand Chemotype". Nature Communications. 14 (1): 7908. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14.7908X. doi:10
Proteolysis_targeting_chimera
Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–31. Bibcode:2016JNAtP..79.
Effects_of_cannabis
Substance which repels insects
(2013-09-06). Oliveira PL (ed.). "Promising Aedes aegypti repellent chemotypes identified through integrated QSAR, virtual screening, synthesis, and
Insect_repellent
Topics referred to by the same term
Cardiothoracic surgery, the field of medicine specializing in chest surgery Chemotype (ct.), a chemically distinct entity in a plant or microorganism Cognitive
CT
Terpene Content during the Growth ofCannabis sativaPlants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–331. Bibcode:2016JNAtP..79
List_of_names_for_cannabis
Variety of plant in the mint family
perilloxin inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase with an IC50 of 23.2 μM. Other chemotypes include eschscholzia ketone, perillene, and the phenylpropanoids myristicin
Shiso
Fragrant essential oil derived from lemongrass
antifungal properties. Citronella oil is classified in trade into two chemotypes: CAS: 89998-15-2 CAS: 8000-29-1 EINECS: 289-753-6 FEMA: 2308 CoE: 39 Obtained
Citronella_oil
Species of plant
Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Essential Oils of Citral-Rich Chemotype Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum bodinieri". Molecules. 27 (21): 7356
Camphora_bodinieri
Chemical compound
of Fragmentation—A Systems Approach for Finding an Anxiolytic Cannabis Chemotype". Frontiers in Neuroscience. 12 730. doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00730. PMC 6204402
Guaiol
Generic name of Δ9-THC in medicine
Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–31. Bibcode:2016JNAtP..79.
Dronabinol
Species of plant
"false Jerusalem cherry", if it is at all distinguishable, seems to be a chemotype at best, or just a motley collection of cultivars. The entire list of
Solanum_pseudocapsicum
Species of lichen
forests across a range of humidity conditions. Two chemical variants (chemotypes) have been documented: one containing only grayanic acid and 4-O-demethylgrayanic
Cladonia_grayi
Species of fungus
Experts doubt that the smuggled fungus could be used effectively. DON chemotypes of F. graminearum include 3ADON. Ascomycota Ascospore Fusarium graminearum
Gibberella_zeae
Genus of bacteria
(2003). "Streptacidiphilus gen. nov., acidophilic actinomycetes with wall chemotype I and emendation of the family Streptomycetaceae (Waksman and Henrici
Streptacidiphilus
Type of cell receptor found in humans
nAChR positive allosteric modulation revealed by structurally diverse chemotypes". Molecular Pharmacology. 72 (3): 715–24. doi:10.1124/mol.107.035410.
Alpha-7_nicotinic_receptor
synthase from black peppermint (Mentha x piperita) and direct evidence for a chemotype unable to synthesise farnesene". Phytochemistry. 67 (15): 1564–71. doi:10
Cis-muuroladiene_synthase
Chemical compound
MP, Lewis WH (June 2002). "Geographic distribution of three alkaloid chemotypes of Croton lechleri". Journal of Natural Products. 65 (6): 814–819. Bibcode:2002JNAtP
Glaucine
Species of plant
used in traditional medicine. U. tomentosa is further divided into two chemotypes that remain under preliminary research for their properties and compounds
Uncaria_tomentosa
Species of lichen
observed in the species. There are two chemotypes of U. lambii: chemotype 1 contains usnic acid, while chemotype 2 contains usnic acid and psoromic acid
Usnea_lambii
Species of tree
to specifically describe high quality selections of the trans-anethole chemotype (90%+) - generally recognized as safe for flavouring. These selections
Syzygium_anisatum
Species of lichen
1918. In 1981, Oliver Gilbert and colleagues described a citrine-green chemotype as Candelariella medians f. steepholmensis, based on a small patch on
Candelariella_medians
Chemical compound
(2009). "Discovery of dual function acridones as a new antimalarial chemotype". Nature. 459 (7244): 270–273. Bibcode:2009Natur.459..270K. doi:10.1038/nature07937
Acridone
Chemical compound
"Periploca root oils as potent, diphenolase-selective tyrosinase inhibitors: chemotype profiling and non-competitive mechanism of 4-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde"
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde
Species of lichen-forming fungus
minor, still-unidentified compound ("W.G.-1"). Esslinger also reported a chemotype in which ovoic acid is replaced by umbilicaric acid (2-O-methylgyrophoric
Montanelia_tominii
Genus of lichen
4-hydroxypulvinic acid predominates ('chemotype D'), with variable presence of pulvinic dilactone and calycin in other chemotypes. A K spot test on the thallus
Placomaronea
Peptide consisting of two to twenty amino acids
Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacteria): Implications in the Definition of Chemotypes". Toxins. 5 (6): 1089–1104. doi:10.3390/toxins5061089. PMC 3717771. PMID 23744054
Oligopeptide
5Z)-5-((pyrrol-3-yl)methylene)-3-alkyl-2-(alkylimino)thiazolidin-4-one chemotype". Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 21 (22): 6739–45. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.09
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor
Sphingosine-1-phosphate_receptor
Species of plant
Eugenol, isoeugenol, and germacrene D are other dominant compounds in other chemotypes. Leaves also contain eugenol, chavicol, hydroxychavicol, and caryophyllene
Betel
Abandoned muscular atrophy drug
1021/jm900280m. PMID 19432422. A recently reported benzimidazole A-ring chemotype contained a tertiary alcohol (presumably to interact with N705) reminiscent
JNJ-37654032
Genus of lichen
However, A. aleuritica was later determined to be an usnic acid-deficient chemotype of A. centrifuga and was formally synonymized by Stephen Clayden in 1992
Arctoparmelia
Species of lichen
light to dark brown marginal zone. Parmotrema xanthinum has two chemotypes. Chemotype I consists of usnic acid, protolichinestrinic acid aggregate, and
Parmotrema_xanthinum
Species of lichen-forming fungus
that had been placed in U. diplotypus or treated as an alectorialic acid chemotype. It belongs to the U. barbata–dasopoga group and was recognised as a distinct
Usnea_viktoriana
Chemical compound found in plants including thyme
Loukis A, et al. (1998). "Trace elements and essential oil composition in chemotypes of the aromatic plant Origanum vulgare". Journal of Radioanalytical and
Thymol
Species of liverwort
sesqui-, di- and triterpenoids. The species belongs to the "nonpungent" chemotype of Porella species (referring to taste rather than smell), producing primarily
Porella_platyphylla
Chemical compound
Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–331. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod
Cannabichromene
Experimental antimalarial
ganaplacide. Initial functional studies were performed with the closely related chemotype, GNF179 that differs from the clinical candidate by a single halogen.[clarification
Ganaplacide
Terpene Content during the Growth ofCannabis sativaPlants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–331. Bibcode:2016JNAtP..79
Glossary_of_cannabis_terms
Chemical compound
Švehlı́ková, Ján Imrich, Kalevi Pihlaja (1999). "Jaceidin and chrysosplenetin chemotypes of Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology
Chrysosplenetin
Species of pathogenic Amoebozoa
"Identification of novel anti-amoebic pharmacophores from kinase inhibitor chemotypes". Front Microbiol. 14 1149145. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1149145. PMC 10206040
Balamuthia_mandrillaris
Species of lichen
The two chemotypes (sekikiaic aicd, divaricatic acid) generally do not occur together, or if found in the same region, usually one chemotype is dominant
Niebla_usneoides
Chemical compound
Philotheou-Panou, E. (1998). "Trace elements and essential oil composition in chemotypes of the aromatic plant Origanum vulgare". Journal of Radioanalytical and
Carvacrol
Drugs that promote rapid and sustained neuroplasticity
(mind), -plast (molded), and -gen (producing), and covers a variety of chemotypes and receptor targets. It was coined by David E. Olson in collaboration
Psychoplastogen
Pharmaceutical compound
Marugan J, Southall N, Ferrer M, et al. (February 2019). "Identification of Chemotype Agonists for Human Resolvin D1 Receptor DRV1 with Pro-Resolving Functions"
NCGC00135472
Species of plant
Artemisia herba-alba Asso. II. Examination of Essential Oils from Various Chemotypes". Pharmaceutical Biology. 25 (2): 89–96. doi:10.3109/13880208709088133
Artemisia_herba-alba
Pharmaceutical discovery procedure
MJ (9 May 2024). "Virtual Screening Strategies for Identifying Novel Chemotypes". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 67 (9): 6897–6898. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem
Drug_discovery
Species of lichen-forming fungus
of C. aculeata, and interpreted norstictic acid-bearing material as a chemotype rather than a separate species. The thalli of Cetraria aculeata form shrubby
Cetraria_aculeata
Aboriginal Australian custom
the plant. For example, the Western Australian emu bush is a different chemotype which contains some toxic compounds, so Australian sandalwood is more
Smoking_ceremony
Species of lichen
difference as evidence of a separate species rather than an infraspecific chemotype, noting that lichexanthone has not been detected in other Punctelia taxa
Punctelia_eganii
Enzyme
Shoyama Y, Morimoto S (June 2007). "Cannabidiolic-acid synthase, the chemotype-determining enzyme in the fiber-type Cannabis sativa". FEBS Letters. 581
Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase
Tetrahydrocannabinolic_acid_synthase
Species of lichen
brattiae. The chemistry of U. brattiae is more variable, while only one chemotype is known for U. patriciana (salazinic acid). Usnea patriciana is endemic
Usnea_patriciana
Chemical compound found in some lichens
suggested that such differences were better explained as chemical strains (chemotypes) within a single species. Later synthetic studies in 1976 determined a
Grayanic_acid
CHEMOTYPE
CHEMOTYPE
CHEMOTYPE
CHEMOTYPE
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Sunshine
Girl/Female
Hindu
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Happy
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Telugu
King
Male
Egyptian
, a god of darkness.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Lord Guru
Boy/Male
Indian
A wish, Desire
Boy/Male
British, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, German, Greek, Hindu, Indian, Swedish
To Love; Desired; Beloved; Lovable
Girl/Female
Celtic German
noble.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Ever victorious, Father of Satyabhama
CHEMOTYPE
CHEMOTYPE
CHEMOTYPE
CHEMOTYPE
CHEMOTYPE