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Electrode where reduction takes place
A cathode is the electrode from which a conventional current leaves a polarized electrical device such as a lead–acid battery. This definition can be
Cathode
Vacuum tube used to display images
A cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns, which emit electron beams, which are directed and controlled to display
Cathode_ray_tube
Device that controls current between electrodes
heated electron-emitting cathode and an anode. Conventional current can flow in only one direction through the device: from the cathode to the anode (hence
Vacuum_tube
hollow cathode effect allows electrical conduction at a lower voltage or with more current in a cold-cathode gas-discharge lamp when the cathode is a conductive
Hollow_cathode_effect
Metallurgical product
Cathode copper is copper with a purity of 99.99%, and is commonly produced in the form of rectangular copper plates with "ears" for handling. It is mainly
Cathode_copper
Beam of electrons observed in vacuum tubes
Cathode rays are streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied
Cathode_ray
Type of electrode
In vacuum tubes and gas-filled tubes, a hot cathode or thermionic cathode is a cathode electrode which is heated to make it emit electrons due to thermionic
Hot_cathode
Medium for transmitting moving images and sound
using a cathode-ray tube as a receiver, the concept of using one as a transmitter was novel. The first cathode-ray tube to use a hot cathode was developed
Television
Type of electrode and part of cold cathode fluorescent lamp
A cold cathode is a cathode that is not electrically heated by a filament. A cathode may be considered "cold" if it emits more electrons than can be supplied
Cold_cathode
Type of rechargeable battery
varieties, which are usually categorized by the materials used in the cathode. Compared to other rechargeable battery types, they generally have higher
Lithium-ion_battery
Corrosion prevention technique
Cathodic protection (CP; /kæˈθɒdɪk/ ) is a technique used to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making it the cathode of an electrochemical cell
Cathodic_protection
British physicist (1856–1940)
investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases." In 1897, he showed that cathode rays were composed of previously unknown negatively charged particles (now
J._J._Thomson
Type of discharge tube
English physicist William Crookes and others around 1869–1875, in which cathode rays, streams of electrons, were discovered. Developed from the earlier
Crookes_tube
Lamp using fluorescence to produce light
as hot cathodes. However, cold cathode tubes have cathodes that emit electrons only due to the large voltage between the electrodes. The cathodes will be
Fluorescent_lamp
Plasma formed by passage of current through gas
discharges are used as sources of light in devices such as neon lights, cold-cathode fluorescent lamps, and plasma-screen televisions. Analyzing the light produced
Glow_discharge
Types of cold cathode lamp
A hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) is type of cold cathode lamp used in physics and chemistry as a spectral line source (e.g. for atomic absorption spectrometers)
Hollow-cathode_lamp
Vacuum tube circuit design technique
electronics, cathode bias, also known as self-bias, or automatic bias, is a technique used with vacuum tubes to make the direct current (dc) cathode voltage
Cathode_bias
Instrument for displaying time-varying signals
response in single kHz, and were superseded by the oscilloscope which used a cathode-ray tube (CRT) as its display element. The Braun tube, the first version
Oscilloscope
Electrode through which conventional current flows into a polarized electrical device
through which conventional current enters the device. This contrasts with a cathode, which is usually an electrode of the device through which conventional
Anode
Electronic numeric display device
A Nixie tube (/ˈnɪk.siː/ NIK-see), or cold cathode display, is an electronic device used for displaying numerals or other information using glow discharge
Nixie_tube
Electrical conductor used to make contact with nonmetallic parts of a circuit
(chemicals) depending on the type of cell. An electrode may be called either a cathode or anode according to the direction of the electric current, unrelated
Electrode
Term used in electricity-related fields
see the illustration) to the cathode. In a diode, the operating current typically flows from the anode to the cathode, and an arrow on the diode symbol
Electrical_polarity
Vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays
the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. The first-generation cold cathode or Crookes X-ray tubes were used until the 1920s. These tubes work by ionisation
X-ray_tube
around the use of reusable cathode starter sheets for copper electrorefining and the automated stripping of the deposited “cathode copper” from them. The
IsaKidd_refining_technology
Type of rechargeable battery
Cu-substituted cathodes deliver better sodium storage. However, cathodes with Cu are more expensive. Research has also considered cathodes based on oxoanions
Sodium-ion_battery
Electrical component producing a narrow electron beam
electron beam that has a precise kinetic energy. The largest use is in cathode-ray tubes (CRTs), used in older television sets, computer displays and
Electron_gun
Type of physical vapor deposition technique
Cathodic arc deposition or Arc-PVD is a physical vapor deposition technique in which an electric arc is used to vaporize material from a cathode target
Cathodic_arc_deposition
Earliest known interactive electronic game
The cathode-ray tube amusement device is the earliest-known concept for an interactive electronic game, as well as the first game concept to incorporate
Cathode-ray tube amusement device
Cathode-ray_tube_amusement_device
Two-terminal electronic component
with two electrodes, a heated cathode and a plate, in which electrons can flow in only one direction, from the cathode to the plate. Among many uses,
Diode
number and high melting point. The high-energy electrons formed in the cathode side of an X-ray tube can interact with the electrons of a tungsten target
Line_focus_principle
1999 video game
Digimon: Anode/Cathode Tamer is one of two Digimon WonderSwan games (and one of the very few WonderSwan Color games) that are available in English. It
Digimon Adventure: Anode/Cathode Tamer
Digimon_Adventure:_Anode/Cathode_Tamer
Lithium-ion battery cathode material
vehicles, acting as the positively charged electrode, commonly called the cathode (though when charging it is actually the anode). When a battery is charged
Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides
Lithium_nickel_manganese_cobalt_oxides
Gas-filled tube used as a high-speed switch
The krytron is a cold-cathode gas-filled tube intended for use as a very high-speed switch, somewhat similar to the thyratron. It consists of a sealed
Krytron
Electronic device/component that increases the strength of a signal
drain; for vacuum tubes, common cathode, common grid, and common plate. The common emitter (or common source, common cathode, etc.) is most often configured
Amplifier
Cell that uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction
applied between the two electrodes—an anode (positively charged) and a cathode (negatively charged)—immersed in an electrolyte solution.[page needed]
Electrolytic_cell
Battery with solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte
can use metallic lithium for the anode and oxides or sulfides for the cathode, improving energy density. The solid electrolyte acts as an ideal separator
Solid-state_battery
Electrochemical process for coating with metal
direct electric current. The part that needs to be coated acts as the cathode (negative electrode) of an electrolytic cell; the electrolyte is a solution
Electroplating
that involves the use of a solution of an electrolyte, an anode, and a cathode. The metal piece to be etched is connected to the positive pole of a source
Electroetching
hot-filament ionization gauge, sometimes called a hot-filament gauge or hot-cathode gauge, is the most widely used low-pressure (vacuum) measuring device for
Hot-filament_ionization_gauge
Hungarian–German physicist (1862–1947)
physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1905 for his work on cathode rays. This work led to his experimental realization of the photoelectric
Philipp_Lenard
South Korean company
포스코퓨처엠), is a South Korean battery material & chemical company that produces cathode and anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, refractories and basic industrial
POSCO_Future_M
Has three identical diodes – two have cathodes connected to the triode's cathode, one has a separate cathode. Triode amplification factor: 70. Used as
List_of_vacuum_tubes
Electrolytic extraction process
recovered as it is reduced and deposited in an electroplating process onto the cathode. In electrorefining, the anode consists of the impure metal (e.g., copper)
Electrowinning
Diode that emits light from an organic compound
flows through the device from cathode to anode, as electrons are injected into the LUMO of the organic layer at the cathode and withdrawn from the HOMO
OLED
Type of microwave generator
A vircator (VIRtual CAthode oscillaTOR) is a microwave generator that is capable of generating brief pulses of tunable, narrow band microwaves at very
Vircator
Hybrid type of capacitor
lithium-ion cells and the cathode is the same as those used in supercapacitors. Activated carbon is typically used as the cathode. The anode of the LIC consists
Lithium-ion_capacitor
American physics professor (1910–2009)
March 5, 2009) was an American television pioneer, the co-inventor of the cathode-ray tube amusement device, and a professor of physics at Furman University
Thomas_T._Goldsmith_Jr.
Device for receiving and viewing video content
popular consumer product after World War II in electronic form, using cathode ray tube (CRT) technology. The addition of color to broadcast television
Television_set
Industrial process for electrolysis of sodium chloride
into the cathode compartment. Similarly to the membrane cell, chloride ions are oxidized at the anode to produce chlorine, and at the cathode, water is
Chloralkali_process
Beam of positively charged ions
tube which had a perforated cathode. When an electrical potential of several thousand volts is applied between the cathode and anode, faint luminous "rays"
Anode_ray
Phenomenon in X-ray tubes
anode-cathode axis. X-rays emitted toward the anode are less intense than those emitted perpendicular to the cathode–anode axis or toward the cathode. The
Heel_effect
Capacitor used to prevent energy transfer between two circuits
In electronics, a decoupling capacitor is a capacitor used to decouple (i.e. prevent electrical energy from transferring to) one part of a circuit from
Decoupling_capacitor
Type of rechargeable battery
progressive leakage of active material from the cathode, resulting in too few recharge cycles. Also, sulfur cathodes have low conductivity, requiring extra mass
Lithium–sulfur_battery
The Cathode Ray are a Scottish alternative band based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The current line-up is Jeremy Thoms (lead vocals/guitar/keyboards), Steve
The_Cathode_Ray
10−8 - 10−1 Pa) Most ion gauges come in two types: hot cathode and cold cathode. In the hot cathode version, an electrically heated filament produces an
Pressure_measurement
Gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction with its environment
Cathodic protection (CP) is a technique to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making it the cathode of an electrochemical cell. Cathodic protection
Corrosion
Gas-filled tube, electrical switch, rectifier
relative to the cathode because the grid repels electrons emitted by the cathode. Space charge limited electron current flows from the cathode through the
Thyratron
Type of electrical rectifier with a liquid cathode
into direct current (DC). It is a type of cold cathode gas-filled tube, but is unusual in that the cathode, instead of being solid, is made from a pool
Mercury-arc_valve
Device for generating microwaves
(called a control grid) is inserted between the cathode and the anode, the flow of electrons between the cathode and anode can be regulated by varying the voltage
Cavity_magnetron
Electronic oscillator
The Cathode follower oscillator (or differential amplifier oscillator, emitter follower oscillator, source-coupled oscillator or Peltz oscillator) is
Cathode_follower_oscillator
Type of solid-state switch
of the anode-to-cathode path. In a two-lead thyristor, conduction begins when the potential difference between the anode and cathode themselves is sufficiently
Thyristor
Battery (cell) with an anode of zinc and a cathode of manganese dioxide
contained a conducting solution (electrolyte) of ammonium chloride, a cathode (positive terminal) of carbon, a depolarizer of manganese dioxide (oxidizer)
Leclanché_cell
Technique in chemistry and manufacturing
them, and introduced terminology such as electrode, electrolyte, anode, cathode, anion, and cation. 1875 – Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovered gallium
Electrolysis
Early gas-discharge lamp
straight lines through the tube from the cathode. These were named cathode rays. In 1897 J. J. Thomson showed that cathode rays consisted of a previously unknown
Geissler_tube
German physicist (1850–1930)
discharge tubes with energy rays extending from a negative electrode, the cathode. These rays produced a fluorescence when they hit a tube's glass walls
Eugen_Goldstein
Cathode material for lithium batteries
water. Lithium iron phosphate is used as a positive electrode material (cathode) of lithium iron phosphate batteries, a type of Li-ion battery. The negative
Lithium_iron_phosphate
Type of electrolyzer
diaphragm further avoids the mixing of the produced hydrogen and oxygen at the cathode and anode, respectively. The thickness of asbestos diaphragms ranges from
Alkaline_water_electrolysis
Metal–air electrochemical cell
uses oxidation of lithium at the anode and reduction of oxygen at the cathode to induce a current flow. Pairing lithium and ambient oxygen can theoretically
Lithium–air_battery
German physicist (1824–1914)
when they hit the glass walls of the tubes. In 1876 the effect was named "cathode rays" by Eugen Goldstein. Hittorf's early investigations concerned the
Johann_Wilhelm_Hittorf
American electric vehicle and clean energy company
vehicles. Tesla sources these batteries with a nickel-cobalt-aluminum (NCA) cathode chemistry from Panasonic's factories in Japan. The next battery type to
Tesla,_Inc.
Type of energy-storing battery
formed from charge carriers supplied by the cathode. As such, before charging, the battery consists of a cathode, current collectors, separator and electrolyte
Anode-free_battery
Computer output device
replaced CCFL backlit LCDs. Before the mid-2000s, most monitors used a cathode ray tube (CRT) as the image output technology. A monitor is typically connected
Computer_monitor
Part of the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP)
The Cold Cathode Gauge Experiment, also known as the Lunar Atmosphere Detector, was a scientific package that flew on board Apollo 12, Apollo 13, Apollo
Cold_Cathode_Gauge_Experiment
latter. This tube/valve is a pentode with a 'directly heated cathode', meaning that the cathode consists of an emissive oxide coated filament. These features
SY4307A
batteries are constructed of several key components, including an anode, cathode, separator, casing, electrolyte, and a pair of current collectors. Typically
Lithium-ion battery components
Lithium-ion_battery_components
High-energy-density electrical storage device
the cathode and forms hydroxyl ions which migrate into the zinc paste and form zincate (Zn(OH)2− 4), releasing electrons to travel to the cathode. The
Zinc–air_battery
Equation relating the rate of an electrochemical reaction to the overpotential
density j {\displaystyle j} flowing through a mercury, lead, or cadmium cathode is well-described by a simple formula: Tafel had observed that the value
Tafel_equation
Non-rechargeable battery
circuit, the voltage on the cathode must be higher than the voltage on the anode, creating an electric field directed from cathode to anode, to force the positive
Primary_battery
Type of vacuum pump
Penning observed some evidence of pumping in the operation of his cold cathode gauge. These early effects were comparatively slow to pump, and were therefore
Ion_pump
Single-grid amplifying vacuum tube having three active electrodes
three electrodes inside an evacuated glass envelope: a heated filament or cathode, a grid, and a plate (anode). Developed from Lee De Forest's 1906 Audion
Triode
Type of integrated circuit
chips only support a very low resolution raster graphics mode. A CRTC, or cathode-ray tube controller, generates the video timings and reads video data from
Video_display_controller
which results in the growth of dendritic structures between anode and cathode. The process is most commonly observed in printed circuit boards where
Electrochemical_migration
Electrochemical process
more reactive) acts as anode and the other (that is less reactive) as cathode. The electropotential difference between the reactions at the two electrodes
Galvanic_corrosion
Branch of physical chemistry
reduction potential for the cathode and the oxidation potential for the anode. E°cell = E°red (cathode) – E°red (anode) = E°red (cathode) + E°oxi (anode) For
Electrochemistry
Cylindrical battery size
cells are lithium-ion batteries and have been manufactured using several cathode chemistries, including lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), manganese dioxide (LMO
18650_battery
Primary or secondary battery
number of chemistries for reserve battery types have been studied, with cathode materials including silver chloride, copper(I) chloride, palladium(II)
Magnesium_battery
Electrochemical process
temperature-controlled bath of electrolyte and serves as the anode. At the cathode, a reduction reaction occurs, which normally produces hydrogen. The tiny
Electropolishing
Device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity
move from the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte. At the same time, electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit
Fuel_cell
electrodes (cathode and anode) have central holes approximately 3 to 5 mm in diameter. Behind the cathode and anode lie a hollow cathode and hollow anode
Pseudospark_switch
Type of capacitor
serving in principle as the second electrode (cathode) (-) of the capacitor. A second aluminum foil called "cathode foil" contacts the electrolyte and serves
Aluminum electrolytic capacitor
Aluminum_electrolytic_capacitor
Fuel cell that produces electricity by oxidization
use a solid oxide electrolyte to conduct negative oxygen ions from the cathode to the anode. The electrochemical oxidation of the hydrogen, carbon monoxide
Solid_oxide_fuel_cell
Miniature high-gain dual triode vacuum tube
diode triode. The 6AV6 is a miniature repackaging (with just a single cathode) of the triode and twin diodes from the octal 6SQ7 (a double-diode triode
12AX7
Chemical reaction with oxidation state changes
oxidized from +2 to +4. Cathodic protection is a technique used to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making it the cathode of an electrochemical
Redox
Vehicle propelled fully or mostly by electricity
Guozhong (1 March 2016). "Understanding electrochemical potentials of cathode materials in rechargeable batteries". Materials Today. 19 (2): 109–123
Electric_vehicle
Proposed type of battery
phosphate in the cathode. As of 2016[update] they have not been commercialized. Vanadium phosphates have been investigated as potential cathodes for Li-ion
Lithium vanadium phosphate battery
Lithium_vanadium_phosphate_battery
German-American physicist (born 1961)
is best known for his work on metal plasmas and thin film deposition by cathodic arcs and high power impulse magnetron sputtering. He was the editor-in-chief
André_Anders
Elementary particle with negative charge
electrons can be accelerated, focused, and used for applications such as cathode ray tubes, electron microscopes, electron beam welding, lithography, and
Electron
Splitting of water using a semipermeable membrane
oxide (IrOx) for the anodic OER and platinum on carbon (Pt/C) for the cathodic HER, due to their high intrinsic activity. However, the alkaline environment
Anion exchange membrane electrolysis
Anion_exchange_membrane_electrolysis
Type of lithium-ion cell
(LMO) is a lithium-ion cell that uses manganese dioxide ( MnO 2), as the cathode material. They function through the same intercalation/de-intercalation
Lithium ion manganese oxide battery
Lithium_ion_manganese_oxide_battery
Obsolete electronic device for counting in decimal
generically three-phase gas counting tube or glow-transfer counting tube or cold cathode tube) is a gas-filled decade counting tube. Dekatrons were used in computers
Dekatron
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