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Black refugees during the war of 1812
The Black refugees were Black American slaves who escaped slavery in the United States during the War of 1812 and settled in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick
Black_refugee_(War_of_1812)
Black Americans who fought for Britain in the American Revolution
for the Patriots during the American Revolution Black refugee (War of 1812) Black Nova Scotians History of Nova Scotia Birchtown, Nova Scotia Billy (slave)
Black_Loyalist
1812–1815 conflict in North America
The War of 1812 was a conflict initiated by the United States against the United Kingdom and its allies fought mainly in North America and at sea during
War_of_1812
Jacobs – journalist and author American immigration to Canada Black refugee (War of 1812) Iraq War resisters in Canada Knowles, Valerie (2000). Forging Our
Vietnam War resisters in Canada
Vietnam_War_resisters_in_Canada
Aspect of U.S. history
who owned slaves List of violent incidents involving Andrew Jackson Runaway slaves in Spanish Florida Black refugee (War of 1812) Warshauer, Matthew (2006)
Andrew_Jackson_and_slavery
Black Canadians in Nova Scotia
by the British courts of the late 18th century. The next major migration happened during the War of 1812, with The Black Refugees—African Americans from
Black_Nova_Scotians
the Black community in Nova Scotia. Clarke was one of thousands of Black refugees who escaped slavery in the United States during the War of 1812 and
Septimus_Clarke
1832 conflict between the United States and Native Americans
the United States in the War of 1812 and was now in his 60s, emerged as the leader of this faction in 1829. Like Keokuk, Black Hawk was not a civil chief
Black_Hawk_War
Racial and cultural group in Canada
of African Americans, including fugitive slaves, Black Loyalists and refugees from the War of 1812. Their descendants primarily settled in Nova Scotia
Black_Canadians
Topics referred to by the same term
during the War of 1812. Exodusters, African Americans fleeing to Kansas after the Reconstruction Era. "Loyalist refugees", loyalist refugees expelled after
American_refugees
Southerners in the United States who complained of the "heinous" acts of the British. Black refugee (War of 1812) "African-Americans in St. Augustine, 1565–1821"
Runaway slaves in Spanish Florida
Runaway_slaves_in_Spanish_Florida
Seminole interpreter (1790s–1870s)
of Central Florida Libraries. Snyder, Jennifer K. (2013). Black Flight: Tracing Black Refugees Throughout the Revolutionary Atlantic World 1775–1812 (PDF)
Abraham_(Seminole)
Military unit
of Free Men of Color was a Louisiana Militia unit consisting of free people of color which fought in the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812
Major D'Aquin's Battalion of Free Men of Color
Major_D'Aquin's_Battalion_of_Free_Men_of_Color
Fort built by the British in 1814 in Spanish Florida, US
short-lived fortification built by the British in 1814, during the War of 1812, in a remote part of what was at the time Spanish Florida. It was intended to support
Negro_Fort
America Black Reel Awards Black refugee (War of 1812) Black Rock Coalition The Black Scholar Black school Black science fiction Black Seminoles Black Seminole
Index of articles related to African Americans
Index_of_articles_related_to_African_Americans
ancestry traces back to Black Loyalists, Jamaican Maroons, and Black refugees of the War of 1812, as well as with descendants of Underground Railroad communities
Indigenous_Black_Canadians
territory by the Black Sea and made Rumelia a borderland filled with refugees and former frontiersmen. The kırcalı was a new type of banditry that was
Kırcalı
American physician, soldier, and black nationalist (1812–1885)
Martin Robison Delany (May 6, 1812 – January 24, 1885) was an American abolitionist, journalist, physician, military officer, and writer. Delany was an
Martin_Delany
Canadian cemetery
for Saint John during the War of 1812. Around the same time, the location also housed a church and a school for the Black community. A replica church
Black Settlement Burial Ground
Black_Settlement_Burial_Ground
the War of 1812" Archived 2020-06-24 at the Wayback Machine, The War of 1812, PBS (2012). Harvey Amani Whitfield, Blacks on the Border: The Black Refugees
American immigration to Canada
American_immigration_to_Canada
African-American refugee (1801–1895)
slave to a plantation owner named Walter Wells. In July 1814 during the War of 1812, when Gabriel was 13, he along with two other enslaved men escaped and
Gabriel_Hall
Community in Nova Scotia, Canada
Estates, serves the communities of Beechville, Lakeside, and Timberlea. In 1816, the first Black refugees from the War of 1812 arrived in Beechville (aka Beech
Beechville,_Nova_Scotia
First Constitution of Spain
Constitution of Spain and one of the earliest codified constitutions in world history. The Constitution was ratified on 19 March 1812 by the Cortes of Cádiz
Spanish_Constitution_of_1812
African-American settlers in Trinidad
Independent Adoption Service Black refugee (War of 1812) – similar communities established in the Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick
Merikins
founders were Black Refugees from the United States who first settled the area after the War of 1812. In 1970, Lucasville had a Black population of 200. Eli
Lucasville,_Nova_Scotia
Canadian politician (1938–2025)
born in Nova Scotia, descended from black refugees who went to Canada from the United States during the War of 1812. Oliver attended local schools before
Donald_Oliver
1814 battle of the War of 1812
Battle of Bladensburg, also known as the Bladensburg Races, took place on August 24, 1814, during the Chesapeake campaign of the War of 1812 at Bladensburg
Battle_of_Bladensburg
The Black Refugees from the War of 1812 were African American slaves who fought for the British and were relocated to Nova Scotia. The Black Refugees were
History_of_Nova_Scotia
Human settlement in United States of America
the United States during World War II. From 1944 to 1945, the shelter housed 982 refugees from Nazi-occupied Europe, of whom 912 were Jewish and the others
Fort Ontario Emergency Refugee Shelter
Fort_Ontario_Emergency_Refugee_Shelter
Canadians of American descent
promises of land if they swore a loyalty oath to the King, settled in Ontario before the War of 1812. The Black Refugees in the War of 1812 also fled
American_Canadians
Term used for U.S. Army personnel which have served in "Ranger" units
captain of a company of United States Rangers in the War of 1812 Benjamin Forsyth – a key subordinate commander of the American Regiment of Riflemen John Tipton
United_States_Army_Rangers
the series explores Black Canadian history. The four episodes explored the initial migrations of Black Loyalist, Black Refugee and Jamaican Maroon communities
BLK,_An_Origin_Story
Fort built by British Lt. Col. Edward Nicolls
of two forts built by British Lt. Col. Edward Nicolls during the War of 1812. (The Americans referred to it as Fort Apalachicola. Built at the end of
Nicolls'_Outpost
Freed slaves working with the Union
"Simon Cameron, the secretary of war, [telegraph] Butler to inform him that his contraband policy 'is approved.'" As early as 1812, the term contraband was
Contraband (American Civil War)
Contraband_(American_Civil_War)
Human settlement in New Brunswick, Canada
1815 or 1817 by Black refugees from the United States. It is located in Simonds Parish in Saint John County. The majority of residents of Willow Grove were
Willow_Grove,_New_Brunswick
1775–1783 conflict in North America
The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence or simply the
American_Revolutionary_War
Area of central Nova Scotia, Canada
in Preston along with others of the 2,000 black refugee slaves who gained freedom with the British during the War of 1812 in the United States. Richard
Preston,_Nova_Scotia
Black Nova Scotian settlement in Upper Hammonds Plains in Canada
Pockwock is one of four Black Nova Scotian settlements in Upper Hammonds Plains. People in this area are mostly descendants of War of 1812 refugees. It is located
Pockwock,_Nova_Scotia
British Army major-general
served in Upper Canada during the War of 1812. Procter led British forces at the Battle of Frenchtown and the Siege of Fort Meigs, but is best known for
Henry Procter (British Army officer)
Henry_Procter_(British_Army_officer)
Title given to loyalists during the American Revolution who resettled in colonial Canada
to as Late Loyalists. By the outbreak of the War of 1812, the 110,000 inhabitants of Upper Canada, consisted of 20,000 initial Loyalists, 60,000 later
United_Empire_Loyalist
American War of Independence (1775-1783), the importance of Halifax to the British Empire increased. The importance remained through the War of 1812 between
History of Halifax, Nova Scotia
History_of_Halifax,_Nova_Scotia
who were collected before and during the Creek War, a subconflict of the War of 1812 and the first of Jackson's decades-long military and political campaigns
Indigenous members of the Andrew Jackson household
Indigenous_members_of_the_Andrew_Jackson_household
Royal Marine units consisting of former slaves
Dockyard and the War of 1812" in June 2012, drawn from a longer paper Whitfield, Harvey Amani (2006). Blacks on the Border: The Black Refugees in British North
Corps_of_Colonial_Marines
Former community of escaped slaves in US
Following the Treaty of Ghent, in 1815, British officials transported around 80 black veterans (Corps of Colonial Marines) of the War of 1812 to Tampa Bay area
Angola,_Florida
Canadian businessman and politician (1792–1862)
Merritt fought in the War of 1812, was captured by the invading American forces, and held as a prisoner of war. After the war, he returned to the Niagara
William_Hamilton_Merritt
American journalist (1816–1874)
who aided refugee slaves. Nell's short histories, Services of Colored Americans in the Wars of 1776 and 1812 (1851) and The Colored Patriots of the American
William_Cooper_Nell
United States Army general (1786–1866)
Commanding General of the United States Army from 1841 to 1861, and was a veteran of the War of 1812, American Indian Wars, Mexican–American War, and the early
Winfield_Scott
History museum in Amherstburg, Ontario, Canada
during the War of 1812 as Sir Isaac Brock and Tecumseh met here to plan the Siege of Detroit. It was the British stronghold during the war and is now
Fort_Malden
1813 battle of the War of 1812
also home to about 800 Indigenous refugees whose villages had been destroyed by Harrison's forces in September 1812. On January 10, 1813, Winchester arrived
Battle_of_Frenchtown
American lawyer, planter, diplomat and politician (1766–1835)
Nathaniel G. S. Hart died in the War of 1812. They did not have any children who survived them. James Brown was the uncle of James Brown Clay, Henry Clay
James Brown (Louisiana politician)
James_Brown_(Louisiana_politician)
Neighborhood in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
in 1848 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, by Black Refugees who had arrived during and after the War of 1812. These Refugees were formerly enslaved African Americans
Africville
settlement provided purchase of land an easy terms, education, and a community with three churches by 1861. The War of 1812 and Levi Coffin's visit to Upper
Refugee_Home_Society
intent on reconquest and re-enslavement of the colony's black population, the war became a bloody struggle of atrocity and attrition. The rainy season
History_of_Haiti
Conflicts in Florida between the US govt. and Seminole Nation (1816–58)
of the war, provoking the Indians and free blacks to resistance with false promises of support, and failing to stand down after the War of 1812 ended.
Seminole_Wars
Frontier conflicts in the United States, 1609–1890s
increased in scale and frequency. A major turning point came during the War of 1812, when Native confederacies in the Old Northwest and the Southern United
American_Indian_Wars
Topics referred to by the same term
evacuation of people from the province of Jujuy, Argentina, in 1812, during the Argentine War of Independence Northern Cheyenne Exodus, attempt of the Northern
Exodus
Muscogee Creek chief (d. 1863)
Opothleyahola died during the war at one of the refugee camps in Kansas. Opothleyahola was born circa 1780 at Tuckabatchee, the Creek capital of the Upper Creek Towns
Opothleyahola
Americans of Liberian birth or descent
was the case of abolitionist, journalist, physician, and writer Martin Delany (1812 – 1885), arguably the first proponent of American black nationalism
Liberian_Americans
Royal Navy officer and politician (1758–1832)
politician who served in the American War of Independence, French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars and War of 1812. He captained HMS Ajax off Alexandria
Alexander_Cochrane
Battle of the War of 1812
The Battle of Pensacola (7–9 November 1814) took place, following the Creek War, as part of the Gulf Coast operations during the War of 1812. General Andrew
Battle_of_Pensacola_(1814)
Anti-slavery law passed in 1793 in Upper Canada
the end of the session. Thousands of Black Canadians volunteered to serve in the War of 1812. In 1819, Attorney General John Robinson (son of Christopher)
Act_Against_Slavery
Matthew J. Smith (2009), Red & Black in Haiti: Radicalism, Conflict, and Political Change, 1934–1957, University of North Carolina Press, ISBN 9780807894156
Timeline_of_Port-au-Prince
Nova Scotian physician and politician
his father. In the aftermath of the war of 1812, he petitioned the government for assistance for the 185 Black refugees who came to the poor house from
William_Bruce_Almon
Indigenous nation in New York, United States
(1960) Justice Black's Dissent at 134 (reciting history of the Lewiston band as refugees) Simonson, Lee, Tuscarora Heroes: The War of 1812 British Attack
Tuscarora_Nation
Twenty-four known prisoner-of-war camps existed across Canada during the First World War. The ethnic groups arrested and detained in internment camps
List of World War I prisoner-of-war camps in Canada
List_of_World_War_I_prisoner-of-war_camps_in_Canada
Conflict in the British Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria
The Adubi War (known locally as Ogun Adubi or Egba Uprising) was a conflict in June and July 1918 in the British Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria ostensibly
Adubi_War
Argentines of Sub-Saharan African descent
participated in the Argentine War of Independence. In 1812, Argentine politician Bernardo de Monteagudo was not allowed as a member of the First Triumvirate,
Afro-Argentines
American spy during the American Revolution
after the war other than that she and her husband, Selah Strong, lived quietly in Setauket for the rest of their lives. She died on August 12, 1812. Anna
Anna_Strong_(spy)
War of 1812 battle
Peter occurred in January 1815, after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent, which would end the War of 1812, but before the treaty's ratification. The attack
Battle_of_Fort_Peter
Rock, near the present-day city of Clarksville, Arkansas. With the arrival of refugees from the St. Francis river in 1812, the Cherokee population in the
Cherokee_in_Arkansas
Highest point in Arlington Virginia
Union troops they found his War of 1812 orders, signed by Secretary of State James Monroe, directing him to the defenses of Washington at Bladensburg.
Minor's_Hill
1947–1991 geopolitical rivalry between US and USSR
interstate wars, ethnic wars, revolutionary wars, as well as refugee and displaced persons crises have declined sharply in the post-Cold War years. Many of the
Cold_War
American Revolutionary War spy
with policies of President John Adams, and he commanded the revenue cutter USRC Active (1812) from 1812 to 1816 during the War of 1812. He retired to
Caleb_Brewster
Small peninsula in Nova Scotia, Canada
the British, who built a prisoner-of-war camp to hold captives from the Napoleonic Wars and later the War of 1812. The burial ground for prisoners was
Melville_Island_(Nova_Scotia)
This is a list of battles during the First World War in which the Canadian Expeditionary Force participated. Gallipoli Campaign, 1915–16 Macedonian front
List of Canadian battles during the First World War
List_of_Canadian_battles_during_the_First_World_War
Area of study on 1914–1918 conflict
and consequences of modern warfare began during the initial phases of World War I; this process continued throughout and after the end of hostilities, and
Historiography_of_World_War_I
National historic site and fort in Kingston, Ontario
Governor of the Province of Quebec. A fortification was constructed during the War of 1812 to protect the Kingston Royal Naval Dockyard (the site of the present-day
Fort Henry National Historic Site
Fort_Henry_National_Historic_Site
movement in Russia similar to that of the Great War of 1812". On August 8, the Duma decided to dissolve itself until the end of hostilities, to avoid embarrassing
Russia_in_World_War_I
Significance of Canada Battle of Chippawa. Canadian Register of Historic Places. [1], Directory of Designations of National Historic Significance of Canada
List of National Historic Sites of Canada in Niagara Region
List_of_National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada_in_Niagara_Region
Place in Florida listed on National Register of Historic Places
SW of Sumatra, Florida. The site contains the ruins of two forts. The earlier and larger one was built by the British in 1814, during the War of 1812. They
Prospect_Bluff_Historic_Sites
German military police
units of the armies of the Kingdom of Saxony (from 1810), the German Empire and Nazi Germany up to the end of World War II in Europe. From 1810 to 1812 Saxony
Feldgendarmerie
Military unit
46 infantry and 4 rifle regiments it fielded in the War of 1812 to a peacetime establishment of 8 infantry regiments (reduced to 7 in 1821). The Army's
5th Infantry Regiment (United States)
5th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)
1865-1890 quasi-wars involving Chinese military refugee gangs in Indochina
The Haw Wars (Thai: สงครามปราบฮ่อ) were triggered by southern Chinese paramilitary refugee gangs invading parts of Northern Thailand, Laos and Tonkin from
Haw_wars
captain of the pirate ship Black Pearl in Pirates of the Caribbean films Cap'n Turbot, a character in the Canadian TV series PAW Patrol Bibliography of early
List_of_sea_captains
Military unit
as the War of 1812. During the summer little was done in Vermont beyond organizing the 11th infantry, which seems to have consisted originally of six companies
11th Infantry Regiment (United States)
11th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)
Relations between Blacks and Jews in America
decried the Nazi violence in Europe. Historically, Black colleges and universities hired Jewish refugee professors who were not given comparable jobs in
African American–Jewish relations
African_American–Jewish_relations
1899–1902 war in South Africa
white and black, were affected by the war and that many were participants". The war's origins were complex and stemmed from a century of conflict between
Second_Boer_War
British colonial war in 1879
The Anglo-Zulu War, or simply the Zulu War, was fought in present-day South Africa from January to early July 1879 between forces of the British Empire
Anglo-Zulu_War
Colony in North America (1763–1822)
American culture formed largely by Indigenous refugees from the American Southeast. During the War of 1812, American forces occupied West Florida. American
East_Florida
State historic site of New York, US
an induction center, and a World War II refugee camp. Although closed by the U.S. Army after World War II, some of the buildings at Fort Ontario are
Fort_Ontario
Global stock market crash
as an abuse of power, an over-extension of economic policy, a "worse than the worst-case scenario" for US markets or a potential "Black Monday" related-event
2025_stock_market_crash
Ukraine began its involvement in the Iraq War on 5 June 2003, shortly after the 2003 invasion of Iraq. As part of the Multi-National Force – Iraq, they engaged
Ukrainian involvement in the Iraq War
Ukrainian_involvement_in_the_Iraq_War
1956 British–French–Israeli invasion of Egypt
second Arab–Israeli war, the Tripartite Aggression in the Arab world and the Sinai War in Israel, was a British–French–Israeli invasion of Egypt in 1956. Israel
Suez_Crisis
various wars involving the United States from its colonial roots to the present. They are: Lists of wars involving the United States List of 17th-century
List of wars involving the United States in the 19th century (1801-1850)
List_of_wars_involving_the_United_States_in_the_19th_century_(1801-1850)
Military term for a captive of the enemy
extensive period of conflict during the American Revolutionary War and Napoleonic Wars (1793–1815), followed by the Anglo-American War of 1812, led to the
Prisoner_of_war
Cemetery in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
number of burials happen in the 1820s (72 graves), presumably the graves of the 155 Black Refugees who arrived in Halifax during the War of 1812. The last
Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia)
Old_Burying_Ground_(Halifax,_Nova_Scotia)
Conflict between the Spanish Empire and its Venezuelan colonies (1810-23)
Independence. The First Republic of Venezuela was lost in 1812 following the 1812 Caracas earthquake and the 1812 Battle of La Victoria. Simón Bolívar led
Venezuelan War of Independence
Venezuelan_War_of_Independence
28 May 2025. Israel admits it sank Lebanese refugee boat in 1982 war error, killing 25 — TV. The Times of Israel, 22 November 2018. "HARINGVLIET". Stichting
List_of_naval_battles
their homes during decades of war, with 120,000 more refugees from Burma, mostly Karen, living in refugee camps on the Thai side of the border. Many accuse
List of ethnic cleansing campaigns
List_of_ethnic_cleansing_campaigns
Ethnic group of Louisiana, USA
in seven enslaved Black people had a Black master. Civil rights activist Victor-Eugene McCarty's mother Héloise Croy was a refugee from Saint-Domingue
Louisiana_Creole_people
travel, tourism, insurance
BLACK REFUGEE-WAR-OF-1812
BLACK REFUGEE-WAR-OF-1812
Girl/Female
Teutonic
Refuge in war.
Surname or Lastname
German and Dutch
German and Dutch : from Middle High German bloch, Middle Dutch blok ‘block of wood’, ‘stocks’. The surname probably originated as a nickname for a large, lumpish man, or perhaps as a nickname for a persistent lawbreaker who found himself often in the stocks.English : possibly a metonymic occupational name for someone who blocks, as in shoemaking and bookbinding, from Middle English blok ‘block’.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : Americanized spelling of Bloch (see Vlach).Adriaen Coertsz Block was a Dutch-born merchant-explorer who traded along the CT coast and Long Island shortly after Hudson’s voyage to the region in 1609. Block Island, between the north fork of Long Island and RI, which he used as a base of operations, is named after him.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably from Middle English flack, flak ‘turf’, ‘sod’ (as found in the place name Flatmoor, in Cambridgeshire), and hence perhaps a metonymic occupational name for a turf cutter.North German : topographic name probably derived from a lost word denoting stagnant water.
Girl/Female
Chinese, French, German, Teutonic
Refuge from War; Happy Battle; Contending War
Girl/Female
Teutonic
Refuge in war.
Boy/Male
English
Dark.
Girl/Female
Teutonic
Refuge from war.
Female
Dutch
, war refuge.
Surname or Lastname
Scottish and English
Scottish and English : from Middle English blak(e) ‘black’ (Old English blæc, blaca), a nickname given from the earliest times to a swarthy or dark-haired man.Scottish and English : from Old English blÄc ‘pale’, ‘fair’, i.e. precisely the opposite meaning to 1, and a variant of Blake 2. Blake and Black are found more or less interchangeably in several surnames and place names.English : variant of Blanc as a Norman name. The pronunciation of the nasalized vowel gave considerable difficulty to English speakers, and its quality was often ignored.Scottish and Irish : translation of various names from Gaelic dubh ‘black’ (see Duff).Danish and Swedish : generally, probably the English and Scottish name, but in some cases perhaps a variant spelling of Blak, a nickname from blak ‘black’.In some cases, a translation of various names meaning ‘black’, for example German and Jewish Schwarz.
Girl/Female
Polish
Refuge in war.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Lake.North German : variant of Laack.Hungarian : from a short form of the personal name László (see Laszlo).
Female
Czechoslovakian
, lady of defence, or, war refuge.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, English
Dark; Dark Skinned
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : nickname for an idle person, from Middle Dutch slac, Middle English slack, ‘lazy’, ‘careless’.English : topographic name from northern Middle English slack ‘shallow valley’ (Old Norse slakki), or a habitational name from one of the places named with this word, for example near Stainland and near Hebden Bridge in West Yorkshire.Scottish (Dumfriesshire) : habitational name, maybe from Slake or Slack in Roberton, Roxburghshire (now part of Borders region).It may also be an Americanized spelling of Slovenian Slak, a nickname from slak ‘bindweed’.
Girl/Female
Indian
Synonym of Refugee
Boy/Male
British, English
Wary
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained; possibly from Middle English bleik, blek(e) ‘pallid’, ‘sallow’ (from Old Norse bleikr ‘pale’) with alteration of the vowel, although Reaney suggests it may be a nickname derived from Middle English blikie(n) ‘to shine or gleam’ (from Old English blīcian).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : origin uncertain; possibly from German Blick or Yiddish blik ‘glance’, ‘look’, and based on some now irrecoverable anecdote.German : Prussian variant of Blek, a nickname from Middle High German blic ‘shine’.German : short form of the Low German occupational name Blickslager ‘tinsmith’. Compare Bleck.German : from a short form of the Germanic personal name Bligger, Blickhart, based on blic ‘gleam’, ‘shine’, later ‘pale’.
Surname or Lastname
Variant spelling of German and Jewish Wachs.English
Variant spelling of German and Jewish Wachs.English : metonymic occupational name for a seller or gatherer of beeswax, Middle English wax (from Old English weax). In the Middle Ages wax was an important commodity, used among other things for making candles.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English bakke ‘back’ (Old English bæc), hence a nickname for someone with a hunched back or some other noticeable peculiarity of the back or spine, or a topographic name for someone who lived on a hill or ridge, or at the rear of a settlement.English : from the Old English personal name Bacca, which was still in use in the 12th century. It is of uncertain origin, but may have been a byname in the same sense as 1.English : nickname from Middle English bakke ‘bat’ (apparently of Scandinavian origin), from some fancied resemblance to the animal.Altered spelling of Bach 1, 2, or 6.North German : from Middle Low German back ‘kneading trough’, hence a metonymic occupational name for someone who made or used such vessels.Americanized spelling of Norwegian Bakk(e) (see Bakke).
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : nickname for a soldier or for a belligerent person, from Old French (de la) werre, (de la) guerre ‘(of the) war’. Compare Delaware.
BLACK REFUGEE-WAR-OF-1812
BLACK REFUGEE-WAR-OF-1812
BLACK REFUGEE-WAR-OF-1812
BLACK REFUGEE-WAR-OF-1812
BLACK REFUGEE-WAR-OF-1812
BLACK REFUGEE-WAR-OF-1812
BLACK REFUGEE-WAR-OF-1812
travel, tourism, insurance