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Derogatory comment
sense of confusion. James Boyle criticized the "backwardism of American socialism" since 1912. Backwardism emerged in Chinese revolutionary ideology of Marxist
Backwardism
Situation when futures prices are below the spot price
Backwardation is a market condition where the price of a commodity's forward or futures contract price is trading below the spot price. The opposite of
Backwardation
Lack of progress by a person or group
Look up backwardness in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Backwardness is a lack of progress by a person or group to some perceived cultural norm of advancement
Backwardness
Term for socially or educationally disadvantaged group of people in India
Other Backward Class (OBC) is a collective term used by the Government of India to classify communities that are "educationally or socially backward" (i
Other_Backward_Class
1888 Utopian novel by Edward Bellamy
Looking Backward: 2000–1887 is a utopian time travel science fiction novel by the American journalist and writer Edward Bellamy first published in 1888
Looking_Backward
Technological ability to interact with older technologies
In telecommunications and computing, backward compatibility (or backwards compatibility) is a property of an operating system, software, real-world product
Backward_compatibility
Educational design method
Backward design is a method of designing an educational curriculum by setting goals before choosing instructional methods and forms of assessment. It shifts
Backward_design
Method of forming inferences
Backward chaining (or backward reasoning) is an inference method described colloquially as working backward from the goal. It is used in automated theorem
Backward_chaining
from its two predecessor consoles, Xbox and Xbox 360. On June 15, 2015, backward compatibility with Xbox 360 games became available to eligible Xbox Preview
List of backward-compatible games for Xbox One and Series X/S
List_of_backward-compatible_games_for_Xbox_One_and_Series_X/S
The trait of backward speech is described as an ability to spontaneously and accurately reverse words. Two strategies of word reversal were reported: reversal
Backward_speech
Locomotive phenomenon
Backward flying, also known as reverse flying, is a locomotive phenomenon where the object flies in the opposite of its intended flight direction. In nature
Backward_flying
Soviet political term
one point officially 97 "culturally backward" nationalities in the Soviet Union. Members of a "culturally backward" nationality were eligible for preferential
Cultural_backwardness
play select games from its predecessor, Xbox. The Xbox 360 launched with backward compatibility with the number of supported Xbox games varying depending
List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360
List_of_Xbox_games_compatible_with_Xbox_360
Social classification practised in India
designation of Scheduled Castes, and certain economically backward castes as Other Backward Class. Some, such as sociologist Arvind Shah, have argued
Caste_system_in_India
Aspect of human perception
In psychology and neuroscience, backward masking is a phenomenon of human perception in which a briefly presented stimulus (the "target") becomes difficult
Backward_masking
Process of reasoning backwards in sequence
Backward induction is the process of determining a sequence of optimal choices by reasoning from the endpoint of a problem or situation back to its beginning
Backward_induction
1991 film by Adam Rifkin
The Dark Backward (also known as The Man with Three Arms) is a 1991 American black comedy film written and directed by Adam Rifkin. It stars Judd Nelson
The_Dark_Backward
Backward recording technique
Backmasking is a recording technique in which a message is recorded backward onto a track that is meant to be played forward. It is a deliberate process
Backmasking
Form of affirmative action
orphans residing in the state-run orphanages. Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam Backwardism Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents Court cases related to reservation
Reservation_in_India
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up backwards or backward in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Backward or backwards is a relative direction. Backwards may also refer to: Anadrome
Backwards
Specialized body of Government of India
The National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) is a constitutional body under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India
National Commission for Backward Classes
National_Commission_for_Backward_Classes
1958–1962 Chinese socioeconomic campaign
Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-42271-6. Chen, Lingchei Letty (2020). The Great Leap Backward: Forgetting and Representing the Mao Years. Amherst, NY: Cambria. ISBN 9781604979923
Great_Leap_Forward
Inference algorithm for hidden Markov models
The forward–backward algorithm is an inference algorithm for hidden Markov models which computes the posterior marginals of all hidden state variables
Forward–backward_algorithm
Indian state government
Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Minister of Vimukta Jati Minister of Nomadic Tribes Minister of Special Backward Classes Welfare Minister of
Government_of_Maharashtra
Typographical mark (\)
The backslash \ is a typographical mark used mainly in computing and mathematics. It is the mirror image of the common slash ('solidus'), /. It is a relatively
Backslash
communities in India (OBCs) that are recognised in India's Constitution as Other Backward Class, a term used to classify socially and educationally disadvantaged
List of Muslim Other Backward Classes communities in India
List_of_Muslim_Other_Backward_Classes_communities_in_India
Chess pawn that cannot be safely advanced
In chess, a backward pawn is a pawn that is behind all pawns of the same color on the adjacent files and cannot be safely advanced. In the diagram, the
Backward_pawn
Social group
The Upper Backward Caste is a term used to describe the middle castes in Bihar, whose social and ritual status was not very low and which have traditionally
Upper Backward Castes of Bihar
Upper_Backward_Castes_of_Bihar
Aspect of learning procedure
food is the US. The light becomes the CS2 once it is paired with the CS1. Backward conditioning occurs when a CS immediately follows a US. Unlike the usual
Classical_conditioning
Clinical event in dogs and cats
Reverse sneezing, also known as inspiratory paroxysmal respiration, is a clinical event that occurs in dogs and cats. It is possibly caused by a muscle
Reverse_sneezing
Theory of economic development
The backward advantage (simplified Chinese: 后发优势; traditional Chinese: 後發優勢), or the 'advantage of backwardness', also known as latecomer's advantage
Backward_advantage
Varied tribal groups in the Indian subcontinent
During the period of British rule, India saw the rebellions of several then backward castes, mainly tribal peoples that revolted against British rule. These
Adivasi
In experimental psychology, backward inhibition, is a theory of sequential task control asserting that switching between tasks requires the just-completed
Backward_inhibition
2000 film by Christopher Nolan
starts with a Polaroid photograph of a dead man. As the sequence plays backward, the photo reverts to its undeveloped state, entering the camera before
Memento_(film)
General-purpose programming language
Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a major revision and not completely backward-compatible with earlier versions. Beginning with Python 3.5, capabilities
Python_(programming_language)
Indian politician
Kumar is an Indian politician serving as the Minister for Backward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Denotified Communities Welfare in the Government
V._Sampath_Kumar
2018. Retrieved 5 April 2020. Scott, A. O. (16 March 2001). "Film Review; Backward Reel the Grisly Memories". The New York Times. Archived from the original
Christopher_Nolan_filmography
Numerical method for ordinary differential equations
In numerical analysis and scientific computing, the backward Euler method (or implicit Euler method) is one of the most basic numerical methods for the
Backward_Euler_method
In semiconductor devices, a backward diode (also called back diode) is a variation on a Zener diode or tunnel diode having a better conduction for small
Backward_diode
Act of running in reverse
Backward running, also known as backwards running, running backwards, reverse running, retro running, or retro locomotion is the act of running in reverse
Backward_running
Semen discharge from the male reproductive tract
ejaculation that is painful or uncomfortable. Retrograde ejaculation is the backward flow of semen from the urethra into the bladder. Premature ejaculation
Ejaculation
Concept in economics
The backward disadvantage (simplified Chinese: 后发劣势; traditional Chinese: 後發劣勢), or the disadvantage of backwardness, also known as latecomer's disadvantage
Backward_disadvantage
Government ministry of India
marginalised sections of society, including scheduled castes (SC), Other Backward Classes (OBC), LGBT people, the disabled, the elderly, and the victims
Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
Ministry_of_Social_Justice_and_Empowerment
Economical class in India
staying within the 50% cap set by the apex court. Conversely, leaders of Backward Classes welfare groups also approached the Supreme Court, opposing reservations
Economically_Weaker_Section
Numerical method for solving ordinary differential equations
The backward differentiation formula (BDF) is a family of implicit methods for the numerical integration of ordinary differential equations. They are linear
Backward differentiation formula
Backward_differentiation_formula
circuit a backward channel is the channel that passes data in a direction opposite to that of its associated forward channel. The backward channel is
Backward_channel
Equations characterizing continuous-time Markov processes
the Kolmogorov forward equation for jump processes, and two Kolmogorov backward equations for processes with and without discontinuous jumps. Writing in
Kolmogorov_equations
Topics referred to by the same term
the free dictionary. Forward is a relative direction, the opposite of backward. Forward may also refer to: Forward (surname) Forward (association football)
Forward
Indian commission to identify socially and educationally backward ethnic groups
the Union Territories) from 3,743 identified by the Mandal commission. Backwardism Forward caste Mandal Commission protests of 1990 2006 Indian anti-reservation
Mandal_Commission
Acrobatic exercise
A somersault (also flip, heli, and in gymnastics salto) is an acrobatic exercise in which a person's body rotates 360° around a horizontal axis with the
Somersault
1981 studio album by the Tubes
The Completion Backward Principle is the fifth studio album by the American rock band the Tubes. It is the group's first for Capitol Records. It was accompanied
The Completion Backward Principle
The_Completion_Backward_Principle
Turntablism technique
station. The older, larger and heavier turntables needed a 180-degree backward rotation to allow for run up to full speed; some of the newer 1950s models
Scratching
Stochastsic differential equations with terminal condition
A backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) is a stochastic differential equation with a terminal condition in which the solution is required to
Backward stochastic differential equation
Backward_stochastic_differential_equation
1881 short story by Edward Page Mitchell
"The Clock That Went Backward" is an 1881 fantasy short story by American writer Edward Page Mitchell. The narrator recalls his visiting his great-aunt
The_Clock_that_Went_Backward
Indian government program to address regional economic imbalances
The Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF) is an Indian government program designed to "address regional imbalances in development." The programme was launched
Backward_Regions_Grant_Fund
2014 Canadian film
The Backward Class is a 2014 Canadian documentary film directed by Madeleine Grant. The film follows the success of a group of ethnically disadvantaged
The_Backward_Class
Politician from Madhya Pradesh, India
issues. He is widely remembered for introducing 27% reservation for Other Backward Classes in educational institutions including All India Institute of Medical
Arjun Singh (Congress politician)
Arjun_Singh_(Congress_politician)
Seasonal change of clock settings
time-consuming, particularly for mechanical clocks that cannot be moved backward safely. People who work across time zone boundaries need to keep track
Daylight_saving_time
Indian government term for non-disadvantaged castes
reservation benefits are listed as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Class and Economically Weaker Section. They can avail defined quotas amongst
Forward_caste
Folds of skin that contain and protect the vulva's other parts
labia, are two prominent longitudinal skin folds that extend downward and backward from the mons pubis to the perineum. Together with the labia minora, they
Labia_majora
Term used in Indian politics
term used in reservation system of India to refer to some members of a backward class who are highly advanced socially as well as economically and educationally
Creamy_layer
Discrete analog of a derivative
of infinitesimals. Three basic types are commonly considered: forward, backward, and central finite differences. A forward difference, denoted Δ h [ f
Finite_difference
Second generation of double-data-rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory
SDRAM in 2007. DDR2 DIMMs are neither forward compatible with DDR3 nor backward compatible with DDR. In addition to double pumping the data bus as in DDR
DDR2_SDRAM
Calendar era based on the birth of Jesus
Years AD are counted forward since that epoch and years BC are counted backward from the epoch. There is no year zero; the year AD 1 immediately follows
Anno_Domini
2020 film by Christopher Nolan
organization, tasked with tracing the origin of objects that are traveling backward through time and their connection to an attack by the future. Nolan took
Tenet
Language-teaching technique
faulty and hesitant imitation responses from the learners, back-chaining (backward build up) should be used. Here is an example taken from Butzkamm & Caldwell:
Back-chaining
Indian politician (born 1951)
they were in search of new options. Yadav also alienated other dominant backward castes like Koeri and Kurmi since his projection as the saviour of Muslims
Nitish_Kumar
Government department of Tamil Nadu state, India
The Department of Backward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Minorities Welfare is one of the departments of Government of Tamil Nadu. The department
Department of Backward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Minorities Welfare (Tamil Nadu)
Department_of_Backward_Classes,_Most_Backward_Classes_and_Minorities_Welfare_(Tamil_Nadu)
Hypothetical travel into the past or future
compared to another body is not feasible with current technology. As for backward time travel, it is possible to find solutions in general relativity that
Time_travel
Political party in India
Lalu Prasad Yadav. The party's support base has traditionally been Other Backward Classes, Dalits and Muslims and it is considered a political champion of
Rashtriya_Janata_Dal
Collecting the ball to force dismissal
distance from the batter (silly, short, deep or long). Words such as "backward", "forward", or "square" can further indicate the angle. The image shows
Fielding_(cricket)
Head of the Ministry of Backward Classes Welfare of the Government of Andhra Pradesh
The Minister of Backward Classes Welfare, is the head of the Department of Backward Classes Welfare of the Government of Andhra Pradesh. The incumbent
Department of Backward Classes Welfare (Andhra Pradesh)
Department_of_Backward_Classes_Welfare_(Andhra_Pradesh)
Vacuum tube used to generate microwaves
A backward wave oscillator (BWO), also called carcinotron or backward wave tube, is a vacuum tube that is used to generate microwaves up to the terahertz
Backward-wave_oscillator
1999 film by Anthony Minghella
play the saxophone for his character; he also broke a rib, when he fell backward while filming the murder scene on the boat. On the review aggregator website
The Talented Mr. Ripley (film)
The_Talented_Mr._Ripley_(film)
64-bit operating system for IBM mainframes
originated in the 1960s and is still in regular use—z/OS is designed for backward compatibility. z/OS supports stable mainframe facilities such as CICS,
Z/OS
Term in gridiron football
should not be confused with a lateral, also known as a lateral pass or backward pass, which is a legal pass anywhere on the field. In a lateral pass, the
Reception_(gridiron_football)
Communist political party in India
significant base amongst the Extremely Backward Castes and the Scheduled Castes. It was successful in mobilising Upper Backward Caste groups such as Koeris in
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation
Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist–Leninist)_Liberation
Economic graphical device
In economics, a backward-bending supply curve of labour, or backward-bending labour supply curve, is a graphical device showing a situation in which as
Backward bending supply curve of labour
Backward_bending_supply_curve_of_labour
Indian politician (1953–2026)
activist known for campaigning for the inclusion of the Kapu community in the Backward Class (BC) category. Mudragada Padmanabham was born into a Telugu-Kapu
Mudragada_Padmanabham
Computing joint values of a kinematic chain from a known end position
heuristic algorithms are cyclic coordinate descent (CCD) and forward and backward reaching inverse kinematics (FABRIK). Physics portal 321 kinematic structure
Inverse_kinematics
Indian political party
referring to the country's Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes (OBC), along with minorities. According to Kanshi Ram, when he
Bahujan_Samaj_Party
Home video game console
native backward compatibility with original Xbox or Xbox 360 games, and at the time Microsoft stated it had no plans for any form of backward compatibility
Xbox_One
18th Indian general election in Uttar Pradesh
The party under Akhilesh Yadav relied upon Other Backward Castes (OBC) and the PDA—Picchde (backward castes), Dalits, and Alpsankhyaks (minorities)—in
2024 Indian general election in Uttar Pradesh
2024_Indian_general_election_in_Uttar_Pradesh
Symbol representing the word "and" (&)
these are carryovers from the Wingdings fonts, and are meant only for backward compatibility with those fonts. On the QWERTY keyboard layout, the ampersand
Ampersand
Indian surname
Saini is also a community of Punjab, included in state's list of Other Backward Class from 2016 onwards. In Haryana term Saini is considered synonymous
Saini_(surname)
Home video game console by Sony
Other features include the DualSense controller with haptic feedback, backward compatibility with the majority of PlayStation 4 and PlayStation VR games
PlayStation_5
City in Karnataka, India
air and best AQI in 2024., it is considered as one of the economically backward areas nationally as well as in the state. The name Gulbarga means '(City
Kalaburagi
Technique for the generative modeling of a continuous probability distribution
models, the forward process adds noise, and the backward process removes noise. Both the forward and backward processes are SDEs, though the forward process
Diffusion_model
fusiform gyrus and middle temporal gyrus, as measured using MRI. In visual backward masking (VBM) a briefly presented target is followed by a mask, which decreases
Visual processing abnormalities in schizophrenia
Visual_processing_abnormalities_in_schizophrenia
Indian Muslim activist organization
Dalit Muslims (Arzals) and backward-caste Muslims (Ajlafs). The organization represents the union of several Dalit and backward-caste Muslim organisations
Pasmanda_Muslim_Mahaz
Family of mammals
rodent prey. The penis is subconical, facing downward when not erect and backward during urination. The baculum is small or vestigial, and shorter than in
Felidae
Family of rodents
by rotating their ankles 180 degrees, enabling the hind feet to point backward and thus grip the tree bark from the opposite direction. As their large
Squirrel
Ethnic group/class in India and Nepal
Kushwahas are presently classified as Other Backward Class (OBC) by the National Commission for Backward Classes. The term has been used to represent
Kushwaha
Segment of an insect body
camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina. Glossary
Prothorax
Combination of forward- and aft-mounted propellers on aircraft
configuration has a combination of forward-mounted tractor (pull) propellers, and backward-mounted (pusher) propellers. The earliest known examples of "push-pull"
Push-pull_configuration
1953 commission of Kaka Kalelkar
Adhering to Article 340 of the Constitution of India, the First Backward Classes Commission was set up by a presidential order on 29 January 1953 under
Kalelkar_Commission
Coefficient used in numerical approximation
the finite difference. A finite difference can be central, forward or backward. This table contains the coefficients of the central differences, for several
Finite_difference_coefficient
Programming language and IDE
the languages where backward compatibility is close to 100%. Although each new release of Delphi attempts to keep as much backward compatibility as possible
Delphi_(software)
to the act of walking with the face looking forward while the legs step backward. Retro-walking was recorded in China as early as the 5th century BC in
Retro-walking
Looking Backward is a utopian novel by Edward Bellamy, a lawyer and writer from western Massachusetts. First published in 1888 (Ticknor and Company Copyrighted
List of sequels to Looking Backward
List_of_sequels_to_Looking_Backward
BACKWARDISM
BACKWARDISM
BACKWARDISM
BACKWARDISM
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
To Glow
Girl/Female
Dutch, German, Teutonic
Firm Defender; Will-helmet
Biblical
God lives; the life of God
Boy/Male
British, English, Irish
A Prince; Hero
Female
Italian
Pet form of Italian Angiola, ANGIOLETTA means "little angel/messenger."
Male
Hungarian
 Variant spelling of Hungarian András, ANDOR means "man; warrior." Compare with another form of Andor.
Boy/Male
Indian, Telugu
Lord Krishna
Male
French
French form of Latin Ireneus, IRÉNÉ means "peaceful."
Girl/Female
Indian
Beautiful, Bright, Brilliant, Shining
Boy/Male
Indian
Divider
BACKWARDISM
BACKWARDISM
BACKWARDISM
BACKWARDISM
BACKWARDISM