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Aspect of the Unicode standard
Unicode equivalence is the specification by the Unicode character encoding standard that some sequences of code points represent essentially the same
Unicode_equivalence
Character encoding standard
uncommon Unicode characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols. Unicode (also known as The Unicode Standard
Unicode
Glyph combining two or more letterforms
Process of converting text to glyph indices and positions Unicode equivalence – Aspect of the Unicode standard The combination ⟨fj⟩ is represented in English
Ligature_(writing)
Text string used to uniquely identify a computer file
normalization (equivalence), or the Unicode version in use. For instance, UDF is limited to Unicode 2.0; macOS's HFS+ file system applies NFD Unicode normalization
Filename
Graphical symbol or pictogram used to point or indicate direction
Modifier Letters Unicode blocks. Dingbat Box-drawing character Box Drawing (Unicode Block) Block Elements (Unicode Block) Geometric Shapes (Unicode block) HTML
Arrow_(symbol)
Punctuation mark
"Small Form Variants" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Unicode Consortium. "Ogham Code Chart" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Unicode Consortium. Archived (PDF) from
Bracket
Assembly of written information into a standard order
character orders Sorting Taxonomic sequence Mac and Mc together Unicode equivalence Natural sort order Historically, computers only handled text in uppercase
Collation
Slanting line punctuation mark (/)
5 also slash mark: DIAGONAL : 4 "Unicode 1.1 Composite Name List, including default properties". Unicode.org. Unicode Consortium. 5 July 1995. Archived
Slash_(punctuation)
Mathematical symbol of equality
which one studies the conditions under which they have the same value. In Unicode and ASCII it has the code point U+003D. It was invented in 1557 by the
Equals_sign
2100–214F: Unicode Letterlike Symbols Range 2190–21FF: Unicode Arrows Range 2200–22FF: Unicode Mathematical Operators Range 27C0–27EF: Unicode Miscellaneous
Glossary of mathematical symbols
Glossary_of_mathematical_symbols
Unicode characters that have been encoded twice
U+222B ∫ INTEGRAL IDN homograph attack Unicode equivalence Homoglyph ASCII art "UTR #25: Unicode and Mathematics". unicode.org. Retrieved 2024-03-04.
Duplicate characters in Unicode
Duplicate_characters_in_Unicode
Visually similar letters in domain names
Security issues in Unicode Internationalized domain name Homoglyph Faux Cyrillic Metal umlaut Duplicate characters in Unicode Unicode equivalence Typosquatting
IDN_homograph_attack
Process of transforming text into a single canonical form
canonical form Text simplification – Automated process Unicode equivalence – Aspect of the Unicode standard Richard Sproat and Steven Bedrick (September
Text_normalization
Compound character with single codepoint
Unicode Unicode compatibility characters – Characters encoded solely to maintain round-trip convertibility with other standards Unicode equivalence –
Precomposed_character
Twenty-first letter in the Greek alphabet
descends from phi. Like other Greek letters, lowercase phi (encoded as the Unicode character U+03C6 φ GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI) is used as a mathematical or
Phi
Unit of length
purposes of compatibility with Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) characters, Unicode has symbols for: centimetre – U+339D ㎝ SQUARE CM square centimetre – U+33A0
Centimetre
Continuous deformation between two continuous functions
a homotopy H taking f to g as described above. Being homotopic is an equivalence relation on the set of all continuous functions from X to Y. This homotopy
Homotopy
Punctuation and accent mark (~, ◌̃)
vs Unicode mapping table", JIS X 0213:2004, X 0213, archived from the original on 24 May 2009, retrieved 28 April 2009. Shift-JIS to Unicode, Unicode, archived
Tilde
List of symbols used to express logical relations
subsequent columns contains an informal explanation, a short example, the Unicode location, the name for use in HTML documents, and the LaTeX symbol. The
List_of_logic_symbols
Something roughly the same as something else
\approx 2} ). ≃ {\displaystyle \simeq } (\simeq) : function asymptotic equivalence, like f ( n ) ≃ 3 n 2 {\displaystyle f(n)\simeq 3n^{2}} . Thus, π ≃ 3
Approximation
Process for converting data into a "standard", "normal", or canonical form
considered. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence. In this context, canonicalization is Unicode normalization. Variable-width
Canonicalization
Eleventh letter in the Greek alphabet
the iota subscript ⟨λͅ⟩. These are variously encoded in Unicode. The Ancient Greek Numbers Unicode block includes 10183 greek litra sign (𐆃) as well as
Lambda
Software library for interpreting regular expressions
regular-expression libraries. While PCRE originally aimed at feature-equivalence with Perl, the two implementations are not fully equivalent. During the
Perl Compatible Regular Expressions
Perl_Compatible_Regular_Expressions
Symbol with multiple meanings
≡, is a symbol with multiple, context-dependent meanings indicating equivalence of two different things. Its main uses are in mathematics and logic.
Triple_bar
Long horizontal line punctuation mark
different Unicode dash characters. "5×" means that there are five copies of this type of dash. This table lists characters with property Dash=yes in Unicode. This
Dash
Typeface for mathematical typesetting
both NFC and NFKC Unicode normalisation. This equivalence is sometimes considered mistaken, but cannot be changed under the Unicode stability policy.
Symbol_(typeface)
Horizontal line immediately above a portion of writing
line rather than at the normal height for Unicode overlines and macrons: ħ. This is separately encoded in Unicode with the symbols using bar diacritics and
Overline
Unicode character block
Devanagari is a Unicode block containing characters for writing languages such as Hindi, Marathi, Bhojpuri, Rajasthani, Bodo, Maithili, Sindhi, Nepali
Devanagari_(Unicode_block)
Effort to map CJK characters in Unicode
not have this equivalence listed in this entry. Unicode demands that all entries, once admitted, cannot change compatibility or equivalence so that normalization
Han_unification
Unicode character block
Greek and Coptic is the Unicode block for representing modern (monotonic) Greek. It was originally also used for writing Coptic, using the similar Greek
Greek_and_Coptic
Sequence of characters that forms a search pattern
for Unicode. In most respects it makes no difference what the character set is, but some issues do arise when extending regexes to support Unicode. Supported
Regular_expression
Method of encoding characters in a URI
definition, but URI processors, in practice, may not always recognize this equivalence. For example, URI consumers should not treat %41 differently from A or
Percent-encoding
SI derived unit of speed and velocity
ISBN 978-0-85602-036-0. Unicode Consortium (2019). "The Unicode Standard 12.0 – CJK Compatibility ❰ Range: 3300—33FF ❱" (PDF). Unicode.org. Retrieved May 24
Metre_per_second
Hebrew punctuation mark
not significant (because of canonical equivalence). Consequently, the Meteg may be freely reordered during Unicode normalization when it appears in sequences
Meteg
Ability of a computing system to simulate Turing machines
languages today are Turing-complete. A related concept is that of Turing equivalence – two computers P and Q are called equivalent if P can simulate Q and
Turing_completeness
Typographical symbol
for example, self-con‧scious, un‧self-con‧scious, and long-stand‧ing. Unicode provides a dedicated character for the hyphenation point, U+2027 ‧ HYPHENATION
Middle_dot
Metric unit of area
dunam or dönüm (Middle East) 10 stremmata (Greece) 15 mǔ or 0.15 qǐng The Unicode character U+33CA ㏊ SQUARE HA, in the CJK Compatibility block, is intended
Hectare
Characters encoded solely to maintain round-trip convertibility with other standards
In Unicode and the Universal Character Set, a compatibility character is a character that is encoded solely to maintain round-trip convertibility with
Unicode compatibility characters
Unicode_compatibility_characters
Abugida script
by Unicode. Non-Unicode fonts often use a combination of Thai script and Latin Unicode ranges to resolves the incompatibility problem of Unicode Tai
Tai_Tham_script
Unit of mass or volume in some measurement systems
measured by the Dram. In Unicode, the dram symbol is represented with the same character as the lowercase letter ezh (ʒ) and the Unicode table entry for ezh
Dram_(unit)
Set of the elements not in a given subset
}}A\subseteq B{\text{, then }}B^{c}\subseteq A^{c}.} (this follows from the equivalence of a conditional with its contrapositive). Involution or double complement
Complement_(set_theory)
Relation used in geometry
AB\parallel CD} indicates that line AB is parallel to line CD. In the Unicode character set, the "parallel" and "not parallel" signs have codepoints
Parallel_(geometry)
SI unit of temperature
Unicode at code point U+212A K KELVIN SIGN. However, this is a compatibility character provided for compatibility with legacy encodings. The Unicode standard
Kelvin
Property of two varying quantities with a constant ratio
proportionality that specifies a point as being on a particular hyperbola. The Unicode characters for proportionality are the following: U+221D ∝ PROPORTIONAL
Proportionality_(mathematics)
Set-theoretic function
inclusion relation gives rise to an insertion function. "Arrows – Unicode" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2017-02-07. Chevalley, C. (1956). Fundamental
Inclusion_map
Unicode character block
Vedic Extensions is a Unicode block containing characters for representing tones and other vedic symbols in Devanagari and other Indic scripts. Related
Vedic_Extensions
Unicode character block
Devanagari in Unicode "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26. "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard
Devanagari_Extended
Ethnic group in southwest China and Southeast Asia
This article contains Pahawh Hmong Unicode characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of
Hmong_people
Logical connective
nonimplication is simply a crossed-out material implication symbol. Its Unicode symbol is 219B16 (8603 decimal): ↛. "p minus q." "p without q." "p but
Material_nonimplication
Any one of the distinct objects that make up a set in set theory
∋ ∌ Unicode name ELEMENT OF NOT AN ELEMENT OF CONTAINS AS MEMBER DOES NOT CONTAIN AS MEMBER Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex Unicode 8712
Element_of_a_set
3-volume treatise on mathematics, 1910–1913
defined as p . q .=. ∾(∾p ∨ ∾q) Df. (PM 1962:12) Equivalence: Logical equivalence, not arithmetic equivalence: "≡" given as a demonstration of how the symbols
Principia_Mathematica
Mathematical set containing no elements
considered to be an improper use of notation. The symbol ∅ is available at Unicode point U+2205 ∅ EMPTY SET. It can be coded in HTML as ∅ and as ∅
Empty_set
Indonesian writing system
Scripts and extensions". unicode.org. Unicode Technical Note #35. Pandey, Anshuman (2016). "Representing Sumbawa in Unicode" (PDF). {{cite journal}}:
Lontara_script
Abugida writing system of Sri Lanka
Standard SLS1134. The main Unicode block for Sinhala is U+0D80–U+0DFF. Another block, Sinhala Archaic Numbers, was added to Unicode in version 7.0.0 in June
Sinhala_script
Geometric object that has length and direction
segments of the same length and orientation. Essentially, he realized an equivalence relation on the pairs of points (bipoints) in the plane, and thus erected
Euclidean_vector
Mathematical function such that every output has at least one input
followed by a bijection as follows. Let A/~ be the equivalence classes of A under the following equivalence relation: x ~ y if and only if f(x) = f(y). Equivalently
Surjective_function
Conversion of a text from one script to another
Manchu Wylie transliteration Cyrillization International Components for Unicode ISO 15924 Latin script List of ISO transliterations Orthographic transcription
Transliteration
Dialect of Lisp
changes to the language. The source code is now specified in Unicode, and a large subset of Unicode characters may now appear in Scheme symbols and identifiers
Scheme_(programming_language)
SQL clause
Clauses". Database Journal. Simplifying Joins with the USING Keyword In Unicode, the bowtie symbol is ⋈ (U+22C8). Ask Tom "Oracle support of ANSI joins
Join_(SQL)
Health-care communication from a physician to a pharmacist
℞o Medical prescription In Unicode U+211E ℞ PRESCRIPTION TAKE (℞) Different from Different from U+0052 R LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R Related See also U+2695
Medical_prescription
Unit of pressure equal to 100,000 Pa
piping systems, such as cooling water systems, is often measured in bar. Unicode has characters for "mb" (U+33D4 ㏔ SQUARE MB SMALL), "bar" (U+3374 ㍴ SQUARE
Bar_(unit)
Logical connective AND
mathematics and logic, it is denoted by a "wedge" ∧ {\displaystyle \wedge } (Unicode U+2227 ∧ LOGICAL AND), & {\displaystyle \&} or × {\displaystyle \times
Logical_conjunction
Greek language written using the Latin alphabet
older operating systems did not support non-Latin writing systems, or in a unicode form like UTF-8. Nowadays most Greek language content appears in the Greek
Greeklish
Mathematical use of "for all"
quantification (logic). The universal quantifier is encoded as U+2200 ∀ FOR ALL in Unicode, and as \forall in LaTeX and related formula editors. Suppose it is given
Universal_quantification
Generalization of strings in computer science
In computer science, a trace is an equivalence class of strings, wherein certain letters in the string are allowed to commute, but others are not. Traces
Trace_monoid
Representation of isolatable musical sound
This article contains uncommon Unicode characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of the
Musical_note
Relationship between two figures of the same shape and size, or mirroring each other
congruence is an equals symbol with a tilde above it, ≅, corresponding to the Unicode character 'approximately equal to' (U+2245). In the UK, the three-bar equal
Congruence_(geometry)
Mathematical use of "there exists"
(logic). The existential quantifier is encoded as U+2203 ∃ THERE EXISTS in Unicode, and as \exists in LaTeX and related formula editors. Consider the formal
Existential_quantification
Set of elements in any of some sets
(instead of between them), it is usually rendered as a larger size. In Unicode, union is represented by the character U+222A ∪ UNION. In TeX, ∪ {\displaystyle
Union_(set_theory)
user defined constants, user defined functions, user defined recursion, Unicode mathematical symbols support. Source: mXparser supports basic operators
MXparser
Process of making software accessible worldwide
languages can be easily automated. The Common Locale Data Repository by Unicode provides a collection of such differences. Its data is used by major operating
Internationalization and localization
Internationalization_and_localization
Symbols used in the Baháʼí Faith
According to the Abjad system of isopsephy, the word Baháʼ has a numerical equivalence of 9, and thus there is frequent use of the number 9 in Baháʼí symbols
Baháʼí_symbols
Reasoning for mathematical statements
verbally stated when writing "QED", "□", or "∎" during an oral presentation. Unicode explicitly provides the "end of proof" character, U+220E (∎) (220E(hex)
Mathematical_proof
Operation in group theory
multiplication operation. As with direct products, there is a natural equivalence between inner and outer semidirect products, and both are commonly referred
Semidirect_product
Unit of mass
2018. "Letterlike Symbols | Range: 2100–214F" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 15.0. Unicode Consortium. p. 2100/2123. Retrieved 28 April 2011. 2114
Pound_(mass)
Nastaʿlīq script. In 2009 a Unicode version was made available, beginning with the New Testament. The complete Bible online in Unicode is also available. The
Bible translations into Hindi and Urdu
Bible_translations_into_Hindi_and_Urdu
Michael (23 September 2020). Unicode support for IPA letters as superscript modifiers (PDF). Letter submitted to the Unicode Technical Committee. Katerina
History of the International Phonetic Alphabet
History_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet
Sequence of words formed by specific rules
word, or more generally any finite character encoding such as ASCII or Unicode. A word over an alphabet can be any finite sequence (i.e., string) of letters
Formal_language
Number expressed in the base-2 numeral system
summands Redundant binary representation Repeating decimal Two's complement Unicode "3.3. Binary and Its Advantages — CS160 Reader". computerscience.chemeketa
Binary_number
List of humorous technical standards proposals
RFC 4042 – "UTF-9 and UTF-18 Efficient Transformation Formats of Unicode," Informational. Encodes Unicode in nonets by encoding a octet, preceded by a continuation
April Fools' Day Request for Comments
April_Fools'_Day_Request_for_Comments
Nearest integers from a number
{x} = x − ⌊x⌋ For all x, 0 ≤ {x} < 1. These characters are provided in Unicode and HTML entities: U+2308 ⌈ LEFT CEILING (⌈, ⌈) U+2309
Floor_and_ceiling_functions
Largest dwarf planet
Kegan Paul, London. Faulks, David. "Astrological Plutos" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Unicode. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved
Pluto
OEIS Foundation. Sloane, N. J. A. (ed.). "Sequence A000612 (Number of P-equivalence classes of switching functions of n or fewer variables, divided by 2)"
1000_(number)
(2 October 2015). "Proposal for addition of bitcoin sign" (PDF). unicode.org. Unicode. Retrieved 3 November 2015. "Japan OKs recognizing virtual currencies
History_of_bitcoin
Mathematical space with a notion of distance
than physical, notion of distance. For example, the set of 100-character Unicode strings can be equipped with the Hamming distance, which measures the number
Metric_space
Extinct Brittonic language of northern England and southern Scotland
rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.
Cumbric
Symbols to promote peace
of civilization.[citation needed] The V sign (U+270C ✌ VICTORY HAND in Unicode) is a hand gesture, palm outwards, with the index and middle fingers open
Peace_symbols
Logical connective OR
is customarily notated with an infix operator ∨ {\displaystyle \lor } (Unicode U+2228 ∨ LOGICAL OR). Alternative notations include + {\displaystyle +}
Logical_disjunction
Ratio of two numbers
b)\sim (c,d)\quad \iff \quad ad=bc,} is an equivalence relation of fractions. Each fraction from one equivalence class may be considered as a representative
Fraction
Representation of the Ukrainian language using Latin letters
1995. Representing all of the necessary diacritics on computers requires Unicode, Latin-2, Latin-4, or Latin-7 encoding. Other Slavic based romanizations
Romanization_of_Ukrainian
Dialect of Low German
rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.
Plautdietsch
Variety of Hokkien spoken in Taiwan
characters in the zhuyin row require a UTF-8 font capable of displaying Unicode values 31A0–31B7 (ex. Code2000 true type font). Many keyboard layouts and
Taiwanese_Hokkien
Double-byte Japanese standard character set
U+2014. Unicode, Microsoft and WHATWG: U+2015. Microsoft and WHATWG: U+FF5E. Unicode, JIS and Apple: U+301C. Microsoft and WHATWG: U+2225. Unicode, JIS and
JIS_X_0208
Dravidian language
modern usage, the Arabic numerals have replaced them. Telugu is assigned Unicode codepoints: 0C00-0C7F (3072–3199). Amarāvati Stupa is a ruined Buddhist
Telugu_language
Mapping arbitrary data to fixed-size values
ASCII or ISO Latin 1), the table has only 28 = 256 entries; in the case of Unicode characters, the table would have 17 × 216 = 1114112 entries. The same technique
Hash_function
Chinese pronunciation system (601 AD)
spelling of the pronunciation of the other, and to follow chains of such equivalences to identify groups of spellers for each initial or final. For example
Middle_Chinese
Mathematical concept
symbol representing the concept of infinity. The symbol is encoded in Unicode at U+221E ∞ INFINITY (∞) and in LaTeX as \infty. It was introduced
Infinity
West Germanic language spoken in South Africa
although a single-character variant of the indefinite article appears in Unicode, ʼn. For more on the pronunciation of the letters below, see Help:IPA/Afrikaans
Afrikaans
Rewording a text while preserving its meaning
necessary, at the expense of literality. For details, see dynamic and formal equivalence. The term "in your own words" is commonly used to indicate that the writer
Paraphrase
Icon representing a particular religion
Latter-day Saints Symbols of Islam Allegory Religious and political symbols in Unicode French law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools Religion
Religious_symbol
UNICODE EQUIVALENCE
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UNICODE EQUIVALENCE
UNICODE EQUIVALENCE
UNICODE EQUIVALENCE