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Nuclear fusion reaction
The triple-alpha process is a set of nuclear fusion reactions by which three helium-4 nuclei (alpha particles) are transformed into carbon. Helium accumulates
Triple-alpha_process
Nuclear fusion reaction
cycle of reactions called the triple-alpha process, which consumes only helium, and produces carbon. The alpha process most commonly occurs in massive
Alpha_process
Transformation of a nuclide to another
less than for two nuclei, such an event is exceptionally rare (see triple alpha process for an example very close to a three-body nuclear reaction). The
Nuclear_reaction
Type of large cool star
horizontal branch fuse helium into carbon in their cores via the triple-alpha process. Asymptotic-giant-branch (AGB) stars have a helium-burning shell
Red_giant
Creation of chemical elements within stars
cycle Helium fusion: The triple-alpha process The alpha process Fusion of heavier elements: Lithium burning: a process found most commonly in brown
Stellar_nucleosynthesis
American nuclear fusion and energy company
SPARC is predicted to have a burning plasma. That means that the fusion process would be predominantly self-heating. Energy portal Physics portal General
Commonwealth_Fusion_Systems
Brief thermal runaway nuclear fusion in the core of low-mass stars
nuclear fusion of large quantities of helium into carbon through the triple-alpha process in the core of low-mass stars (between 0.8 solar masses (M☉) and
Helium_flash
Isotope of Carbon
to 98.93% of element carbon on Earth; its abundance is due to the triple-alpha process by which it is created in stars. Carbon-12 is of particular importance
Carbon-12
Isotope of beryllium
the triple-alpha process is the only reaction in which 12C and heavier elements may be produced in observed quantities. The triple-alpha process, despite
Beryllium-8
Nuclear fusion type found in older stars
of research. A similar resonance increases the probability of the triple-alpha process, which is responsible for the original production of carbon. Neutrino
Carbon-burning_process
Explosion of a star 8 to 45 times the mass of the Sun
helium, surrounding a layer of helium fusing into carbon via the triple-alpha process, surrounding layers that fuse to progressively heavier elements.
Type_II_supernova
Stage of stellar evolution
Horizontal-branch stars are powered by helium fusion in the core (via the triple-alpha process) and by hydrogen fusion (via the CNO cycle) in a shell surrounding
Horizontal_branch
Stellar core remnant
helium shell that fuses to create a carbon and oxygen core by the triple-alpha process. Alternate fusing of the helium shell and hydrogen shells creates
White_dwarf
Star at the centre of the Solar System
be converted into carbon within a matter of minutes through the triple-alpha process. The Sun then shrinks to around 10 times its current size and 50
Sun
Hypothesis about sapient life and the universe
nucleus facilitating its synthesis in stellar interiors via the triple-alpha process. He then calculated the energy of this undiscovered resonance to
Anthropic_principle
Ionizing radiation particle of two protons and two neutrons
as alpha reactions (see triple-alpha process and alpha process). In addition, extremely high energy helium nuclei sometimes referred to as alpha particles
Alpha_particle
Grouping of evolved cool luminous stars
undergo full fusion of elements heavier than helium. During the triple-alpha process, some elements heavier than carbon are also produced: mostly oxygen
Asymptotic_giant_branch
Chemical element with atomic number 6 (C)
giant or supergiant star through the triple-alpha process. This requires a nearly simultaneous collision of three alpha particles (helium nuclei), as the
Carbon
Hypothetical early-universe star with a black hole core
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Quasi-star
Hypothesized alternative to a black hole
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Gravastar
Supernova that ejects a large mass at unusually high velocity
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Hypernova
Theoretical stellar remnant
supernova explosions. These will occur if pycnonuclear (density-based) fusion processes much of the star to nickel-56, which decays into iron via emitting a positron
Black_dwarf
Light from the stars
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Starlight
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Lists of stars by constellation
Lists_of_stars_by_constellation
Large self-illuminated object in space
between 0.5 and 10 M☉, helium can be transformed into carbon in the triple-alpha process that uses the intermediate element beryllium: 4He + 4He + 92 keV
Star
Star not gravitationally bound to any galaxy
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Intergalactic_star
to make a detectable contribution. For example, the binary star system Alpha Centauri has the total or combined magnitude of −0.27, while its two component
List_of_brightest_stars
Hypothetical hybrid star type
(2022-04-01). "Planet Hunters TESS IV: a massive, compact hierarchical triple star system TIC 470710327". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Thorne–Żytkow_object
Nucleosynthesis pathway
range of elements and isotopes can be produced by the s-process, because of the intervention of alpha decay steps along the reaction chain. The relative abundances
S-process
English astronomer (1915–2001)
nucleosynthesis, Hoyle calculated that one particular nuclear reaction, the triple-alpha process, which generates carbon from helium, would require the carbon nucleus
Fred_Hoyle
Relative abundance of chemical elements
alpha process adds two protons (and two neutrons), favoring synthesis of even-numbered elements. Carbon itself is a product of a triple-alpha process
Oddo–Harkins_rule
Star whose atmosphere contains more carbon than oxygen
carbon is thought to be a product of helium fusion, specifically the triple-alpha process within a star, which giants reach near the end of their lives in
Carbon_star
Pattern of stars recognized on Earth's night sky
north-east of the Hyades, the Pleiades also in the Taurus constellation and the Alpha Persei Cluster (with Alcyone and Mirfak as the brightest stars). The northern
Asterism_(astronomy)
Type of neutron star with beams of radiation
had expanded and begun transferring matter on to the neutron star. The process of accretion can, in turn, transfer enough angular momentum to the neutron
Pulsar
Stellar classification
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
F-type_main-sequence_star
Type of neutron star with a strong magnetic field
fields of magnetars is that it results from a magnetohydrodynamic dynamo process in the turbulent, extremely dense conducting fluid that exists before the
Magnetar
Stellar classification
sufficient time to leave the main sequence. Well-known examples include Alpha Centauri B (K1 V), Epsilon Indi (K5 V) and Epsilon Eridani (K2 V). There
K-type_main-sequence_star
Rest mass of an atom in its ground state
seven nucleons requires the fusion of three atoms of 4He in the triple-alpha process, skipping over lithium, beryllium, and boron to produce carbon-12
Atomic_mass
Small number of stars that orbit each other
Picture of the Day: Triple star system (11 September 2002) NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Alpha Centauri system (23 March 2003) Alpha Centauri, APOD,
Star_system
Unit of time
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Galactic_year
Central region of the Sun
dominant transfer process changes to convection, and the speed at which heat moves outward becomes considerably faster. In the process of heat transfer
Solar_core
Type of star, larger and brighter than the Sun
helium will begin to fuse to carbon and oxygen in the core by the triple-alpha process.,§ 5.9, chapter 6. When the core is degenerate helium fusion begins
Giant_star
Structure formed by diffuse material in orbital motion around a massive central body
1007/s11214-013-9985-6. A modern review focused on models for turbulence required by alpha process. Abramowicz, M.A. (December 22, 2005). "Super-Eddington Black Hole Accretion::
Accretion_disk
Star's outer shell from which light is radiated
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Photosphere
Long-term future of planet Earth
the Sun is too low for nuclear fusion of helium atoms through the triple-alpha process, so these atoms do not contribute to the net energy generation that
Future_of_Earth
Stellar classification
the Sun, other well-known examples of G-type main-sequence stars include Alpha Centauri, Tau Ceti, and 51 Pegasi. The term yellow dwarf is a misnomer,
G-type_main-sequence_star
Scatter plot of stars showing the relationship of luminosity to stellar classification
mathematical quantum mechanics and classical mechanical models of stellar processes enable the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram to be annotated with known conventional
Hertzsprung–Russell_diagram
Visible star that is nearly aligned with Earth's axis of rotation
celestial north pole than Alpha Ursae Minoris. While there was no naked-eye star close to the pole, the midpoint between Alpha and Beta Ursae Minoris was
Pole_star
Gas and dust surrounding a newly formed star
also found on black holes, not only stars. This process should not be confused with the accretion process thought to build up the planets themselves. Externally
Protoplanetary_disk
One quintillionth of a second
(approximately): half-life of beryllium-8, maximum time available for the triple-alpha process for the synthesis of carbon and heavier elements in stars 84 attoseconds:
Attosecond
Continuous band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness
fusion of hydrogen into helium (see stars). The thermal energy from this process radiates out from the hot, dense core, generating a strong pressure gradient
Main_sequence
Hypothetical types of stars
conversion of quarks to leptons by the electroweak force. This proposed process might occur in a volume at the star's core approximately the size of an
Exotic_star
Calculated property of a star or planet
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Effective_temperature
Early stage in the process of star formation
mass from its parent molecular cloud. It is the earliest phase in the process of stellar evolution. For a low-mass star (i.e. that of the Sun or lower)
Protostar
Stellar classification
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
O-type_star
Grouping of stars by similar metallicity
metallicity, they often have a higher ratio of alpha elements (elements produced by the alpha process, like oxygen and neon) relative to iron (Fe) as
Stellar_population
Main-sequence star of spectral type O
2026. Garrison, R. F (1994). "A Hierarchy of Standards for the MK Process". The MK Process at 50 Years. A Powerful Tool for Astrophysical Insight Astronomical
O-type_main-sequence_star
Stars with a supergiant luminosity class with a spectral type of K or M
giant star can easily be larger than a hotter supergiant. For example, Alpha Herculis is classified as a giant star with a radius of between 264 and
Red_supergiant
Flow of gas ejected from the upper atmosphere of a star
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Stellar_wind
Outermost layer of a star's atmosphere
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Stellar_corona
Stellar classification distinguished by bright blue luminosity
In other words, these particular stars' emissions appear to undergo processes not normally allowed under 1st-order perturbation theory in quantum mechanics
B-type_main-sequence_star
List of the hottest known stars
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
List_of_hottest_stars
Compact exotic star which forms matter consisting mostly of quarks
merger between two neutron stars giving off gravitational waves in the process, could be a quark star. Apart from ordinary quark matter and strange quark
Quark_star
Isotope of helium
4He nuclei fuse), this process needs three helium nuclei striking each other nearly simultaneously (see triple-alpha process). There was thus no time
Helium-4
Layer of a star's atmosphere
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Chromosphere
Hot, luminous star with a spectral type of A9 or earlier
similar to a Wolf Rayet star.[citation needed] Many blue supergiant stars are Alpha Cygni variables. While the stellar wind from a red supergiant is dense and
Blue_supergiant
oxygen-16 is synthesized at the end of the helium fusion process in stars. The triple-alpha process creates carbon-12, which captures an additional helium-4
Isotopes_of_oxygen
– Bruneiastronomy.org". Retrieved 2020-10-11. Kaler, James B. "Menkar (Alpha Ceti)". Stars. University of Illinois. Archived from the original on 2012-05-31
List_of_proper_names_of_stars
Star that never sets due to its apparent proximity to a celestial pole
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Circumpolar_star
Rare star with tremendous luminosity and high rates of mass loss by stellar winds
Genderen, A. M.; Sterken, C. (1999). "Light variations of massive stars (alpha Cygni variables). XVII. The LMC supergiants R 74 (LBV), R 78, HD 34664 =
Hypergiant
Region at the center of a star
the star ages, the core continues to contract and heat up until a triple alpha process can be maintained at the center, fusing helium into carbon. However
Stellar_core
White dwarf star in the constellation Centaurus
which are created by thermonuclear fusion of helium nuclei in the triple-alpha process. In the 1960s, it was predicted that as a white dwarf cools, its
BPM_37093
Natural reactions causing nucleosynthesis
proceed beyond 4He due to the unbound nature of 5He and 5Li, and the triple-alpha process skips over all species between 4He and 12C, these elements are not
Cosmic_ray_spallation
Event wherein the Sun is obscured by the Moon
was taken on July 28, 1851, by Julius Berkowski, using the daguerreotype process. Photographing an eclipse is possible with fairly common camera equipment
Solar_eclipse
Structure of stars
within the star will continue to rise if it rises slightly via an adiabatic process. In this case, the rising parcel is buoyant and continues to rise if it
Stellar_structure
Hypothetical compact star
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Q_star
Coming together of two stars
counterparts of compact object mergers powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 406 (4): 2650
Stellar_collision
Hot, giant star of early spectral type
Mimosa (B0.5III); Bellatrix (B2III); Epsilon Canis Majoris (B2II); and Alpha Lupi (B1.5III) among others. Blue giant is not a strictly defined term and
Blue_giant
Classification in astronomy
this happens, the star collapses under its own weight and undergoes the process of stellar death. For most stars, this will result in the formation of
Compact_object
Smallest unit of a chemical element
combined in stars through the process of nuclear fusion to produce more of the element helium, and (via the triple-alpha process) the sequence of elements
Atom
Type of star
hypothesized that within neutron stars, the conditions are so extreme that a process known as deconfinement occurs: where subatomic particles dissolve and leave
Strange_star
Process during the early universe
bottleneck is overcome via triple collisions of helium-4 nuclei, producing carbon (the triple-alpha process). This process is too slow to be relevant
Big_Bang_nucleosynthesis
Hypothetical class of star that develops from a red dwarf
remnant heat left over from their final hydrogen-fusing stage. The cooling process also requires enormous periods of time – much longer than the age of the
Blue_dwarf_(red-dwarf_stage)
System of two stars orbiting each other
Lyrae), but also hundreds of thousands of years (Proxima Centauri around Alpha Centauri AB). The Applegate mechanism explains long term orbital period
Binary_star
Main sequence star that is more luminous and bluer than expected
explanation is that they are current or former binary stars that are in the process of merging or have already done so. The merger of two stars would create
Blue_straggler
Unit of light in stars and galaxies
astronomical unit. Solar mass Solar radius Nuclear fusion Active region Triple-alpha process Ribas, Ignasi (February 2010), "The Sun and stars as the primary
Solar_luminosity
Region of a star
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Convection_zone
Type of star that is massive and luminous
supergiants are around absolute magnitude −3. While most supergiants such as Alpha Cygni variables, semiregular variables, and irregular variables show some
Supergiant
Outer region of the volume of a star
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Stellar_atmosphere
Astronomical category of stars
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Iron_star
Planetary system consisting of the Sun and objects orbiting it
closest being the triple star system Alpha Centauri, which is about 4.4 light-years away and may be in the Local Bubble's G-Cloud. Alpha Centauri A and B
Solar_System
Isolated, small, and opaque nebula
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Bok_globule
Collapsed core of a massive star
these temperatures, photodisintegration (the breakdown of iron nuclei into alpha particles due to high-energy gamma rays) occurs. As the temperature of the
Neutron_star
Atoms of the same element, but different mass
the buildup of heavier elements via nuclear fusion in stars (see triple alpha process). Only five stable nuclides contain both an odd number of protons
Isotope
Velocity of an object as the rate of distance change between the object and a point
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Radial_velocity
Star of relatively small size and low luminosity
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Dwarf_star
Astrophysical phenomenon
iron-peak elements than Type Ia supernovae, but larger masses of light alpha elements such as oxygen and neon, and elements heavier than zinc. The latter
Supernova
Stellar explosion with a distinct red colour
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
Luminous_red_nova
Stellar classification
CNO cycle Helium flash Triple-alpha process Alpha process C burning Ne burning O burning Si burning s-process r-process p-process Nova Symbiotic Remnant
A-type_main-sequence_star
Dim, low mass stars on the main sequence
white dwarfs. The less massive the star, the longer this evolutionary process takes. A 0.16 M☉ red dwarf (approximately the mass of the nearby Barnard's
Red_dwarf
TRIPLE ALPHA-PROCESS
TRIPLE ALPHA-PROCESS
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly southern)
English (mainly southern) : metonymic occupational name for a dancer, or a nickname for someone with an odd gait, from Middle English trip(p)(en) ‘to step lightly, skip, or hop’ (Old French triper).English : metonymic occupational name for a butcher or tripe dresser, from Middle English, Old French trip(p)e ‘tripe’ (of unknown origin).German : metonymic occupational name for a maker of wooden pattens (trippe), a type of raised sole that could be strapped to normal footwear for walking in unpaved muddy streets.
Girl/Female
Greek American
Firstbom.' The first letter of the Greek alphabet.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained. In part it may be an Anglicized spelling of French Triplet, a reduced form of Tripelet, from a derivative of the Old French verb tripier ‘to hop’, ‘to skip’, hence a nickname for a dancer or acrobat.
Boy/Male
African, Australian, Chinese, French, Latin, Swedish
First Letter of the Greek Alphabet; Leader
Girl/Female
English American
Healer.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English
From the Temple Settlement
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : occupational name or habitational name for someone who was employed at or lived near one of the houses (‘temples’) maintained by the Knights Templar, a crusading order so named because they claimed to occupy in Jerusalem the site of the old temple (Middle English, Old French temple, Latin templum). The order was founded in 1118 and flourished for 200 years, but was suppressed as heretical in 1312.English : name given to foundlings baptized at the Temple Church, London, so called because it was originally built on land belonging to the Templars.Scottish : habitational name from the parish of Temple in Edinburgh, likewise named because it was the site of the local headquarters of the Knights Templar.
Female
Scandinavian
Short form of Scandinavian Catrine, TRINE means "pure."
Girl/Female
Indian
Loving
Boy/Male
Hindu
First letter of the greek alphabet
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places in different parts of England, named in Old English with ripel ‘strip of land’ + lēah ‘wood’, ‘clearing’.William Ripley (d. 1656) came from Wymondham, Norfolk, England, to Hingham, MA, in 1638.
Surname or Lastname
Spanish
Spanish : possibly a habitational name from Trillo in Guadalajara province; otherwise, a metonymic occupational name from trillo ‘threshing sledge’ (Latin tribulum).Italian : perhaps from French trille, a southern variant of treille ‘vine arbor’.English : Reaney believes this to be an altered form of Thurlow, citing as evidence Philip de Trillowe 1279.
Girl/Female
American, British, English, Greek
Healer; With Healing Power
Male
African
(ox); the first letter of the Greek alphabet.
Boy/Male
English
Temple-town. This surname refers to medieval priories and settlements of the military religious...
Girl/Female
Indian
Little
Girl/Female
Arabic
Respectable
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Tribble.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Tripp.
Female
English
Pet form of English Trix, TRIXIE means "voyager (through life)."
TRIPLE ALPHA-PROCESS
TRIPLE ALPHA-PROCESS
Girl/Female
Arabic, Pakistani
Honour
Male
Arthurian
, king of Carmalide.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Solid redemption
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Modest; Humble
Female
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Yowkebed, YOCHEVED means "God is glory."Â
Boy/Male
Hindu
Arnik
Girl/Female
Indian
Warner, Observer, Supervisor
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Space; Sky
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Rain
Boy/Male
American, Australian, Norse, Swedish
Growing; Thor's Arrow
TRIPLE ALPHA-PROCESS
TRIPLE ALPHA-PROCESS
TRIPLE ALPHA-PROCESS
TRIPLE ALPHA-PROCESS
TRIPLE ALPHA-PROCESS
v. t.
To spend in vanity; to fritter away; to waste; as, to trifle away money.
v. t.
To make of no importance; to treat as a trifle.
a.
Three-fold; triple; treble.
a.
Threefold; triple.
n.
One who trifles.
n.
A trill or shake. See Trill.
v. t.
To build a temple for; to appropriate a temple to; as, to temple a god.
a.
Having three crowns; wearing the triple crown, as the pope.
imp. & p. p.
of Triple
v. t.
To put a bridle upon; to equip with a bridle; as, to bridle a horse.
a.
Having three heads; three-headed; as, the triple-headed dog Cerberus.
a.
To make threefold, or thrice as much or as many; to treble; as, to triple the tax on coffee.
adv.
Trebly; triply.
n.
Same as Tripoli.
a.
Consisting of three united; multiplied by three; threefold; as, a triple knot; a triple tie.
n.
Same as Triplet.
a.
Triple; treble; threefold.
a.
Three times repeated; treble. See Treble.
imp. & p. p.
of Trifle
adv.
In a triple manner.