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Current flowing in a superconductor without dissipation
A supercurrent is a superconducting current, that is, electric current which flows without dissipation in a superconductor. Under certain conditions, an
Supercurrent
Vortex of supercurrent within a type-II superconductor
Abrikosov vortex (also called quantum vortex or a fluxon) is a vortex of supercurrent in a type-II superconductor, used by Soviet physicist Alexei Abrikosov
Abrikosov_vortex
Quantum physical phenomenon
accurate measurements. The Josephson effect produces a current, known as a supercurrent, that flows continuously without any voltage applied, across a device
Josephson_effect
Theory of supergravity in four dimensions
{L}}\supset -\psi ^{\mu }j_{\mu }} which couples the gravitino to the supercurrent of the original theory, with everything also Lorentz covariantized to
4D_N_=_1_supergravity
Vortex of supercurrent in a film of type-II superconductor
In superconductivity, a Pearl vortex is a vortex of supercurrent in a thin film of type-II superconductor, first described in 1964 by Judea Pearl. A Pearl
Pearl_vortex
Phenomena that occur when a superconductor is in contact with a non-superconductor
film of a non-superconducting (i.e. normal) metal. The discovery of the supercurrent in SNS contacts is sometimes mistakenly attributed to Brian Josephson's
Proximity effect (superconductivity)
Proximity_effect_(superconductivity)
Superconducting quantum material diode
of the supercurrent transport is the main focus of attention. Opposite to conventional Josephson junctions, the critical (maximum) supercurrents I c +
Josephson_diode
Electrical conductivity with exactly zero resistance
In 1962, Josephson made the important theoretical prediction that a supercurrent can flow between two pieces of superconductor separated by a thin layer
Superconductivity
Monopole Singularity Phenomenon
phases of superfluid helium-3, whose motion can result in the decay of a supercurrent. A boojum can result from a monopole singularity in the bulk of the liquid
Boojum_(superfluidity)
Quantum of electromagnetic flux
Josephson vortex) is made of circulating supercurrents and has no normal core in the tunneling barrier. Supercurrents circulate just around the mathematical
Fluxon
British physicist (born 1940)
earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973. He discovered that a supercurrent could tunnel through a thin barrier, predicting, according to physicist
Brian_Josephson
Superconducting alloy of niobium and titanium
about 10 kelvins. The high critical magnetic field and high critical supercurrent density of Nb-Ti was discovered in 1962 at Atomics International by T
Niobium–titanium
Scattering process at the normal-metal-superconductor interface
charge-transfer process by which normal current in N is converted to supercurrent in S. Each Andreev reflection transfers a charge 2e across the interface
Andreev_reflection
Superconducting circuit element
are Cooper pairs, will cross the barrier as a supercurrent, I J {\textstyle I_{J}} . This supercurrent is given by: I J = I 0 sin ( φ ) {\displaystyle
Josephson_junction
Electromagnet made from coils of superconducting wire
discovery of superconducting materials that could support large critical supercurrent densities in high magnetic fields. The first successful superconducting
Superconducting_magnet
Russian physicist
precession caused by supercurrents in the spin (based on magnetization) similar to those in superconductivity (based on charge-supercurrent) and superliquid
Yury_Bunkov
Macroscopic processes showing quantum behavior
points). With Eqs. (19), (22), and (26) Without proof we state that the supercurrent through the weak link is given by the so-called DC Josephson relation
Macroscopic_quantum_phenomena
Quantum mechanical device
state, i.e. when no external current or magnetic field is applied. The supercurrent Is through a Josephson junction is generally given by Is = Icsin(φ),
Pi_Josephson_junction
System exhibiting quantum mechanical effects at the macroscopic level
are then capable of collapsing into the ground state to establish a supercurrent with a resistivity near zero. Quantum mechanical effects become significant
Quantum_fluid
Electromagnetic equations describing superconductors
continuity equation. The second requirement is consistent with the fact that supercurrent flows near the surface. The third requirement ensures no accumulation
London_equations
Chemical compound
material. When the grain boundary angle is greater than about 5°, the supercurrent cannot cross the boundary. The grain boundary problem can be controlled
Yttrium_barium_copper_oxide
American theoretical physicist
influential contributions in particle and mathematical physics, notably in supercurrent anomalies, higher-spin fields (Curtright field), quantum Liouville theory
Thomas_Curtright
Quantum vortex of superconducting currents
University) is a quantum vortex of supercurrents in a Josephson junction (see Josephson effect). The supercurrents circulate around the vortex center
Josephson_vortex
United Kingdom "For his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally
List of Nobel laureates in Physics
List_of_Nobel_laureates_in_Physics
Type of superconducting quantum bit
For flux qubit it's on the order of 10, which allows for mesoscopic supercurrents (typically ~300 nA); For charge qubit it's less than 1, and therefore
Phase_qubit
United Kingdom "for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally
List of Jewish Nobel laureates
List_of_Jewish_Nobel_laureates
Electronic device
tunneling current. The first is from the tunneling of Cooper pairs. This supercurrent is described by the ac and dc Josephson relations, first predicted by
Superconducting tunnel junction
Superconducting_tunnel_junction
In superconductivity, a semifluxon is a half integer vortex of supercurrent carrying the magnetic flux equal to the half of the magnetic flux quantum Φ0
Semifluxon
Superstring quantization approach
worldsheet supersymmetry gives rise to worldsheet supercurrents with the holomorphic supercurrent having weight ( 3 / 2 , 0 ) {\displaystyle (3/2,0)}
RNS_formalism
Barrier between electrically conducting materials
are separated by a non-superconducting barrier. Cooper pairs carry the supercurrent through the barrier by quantum tunneling, a phenomenon known as the Josephson
Tunnel_junction
Fermion that is its own antiparticle
Herrmann, O.; Klapwijk, T.M.; et al. (2016). "4-pi-periodic Josephson supercurrent in HgTe-based topological Josephson junctions". Nature Communications
Majorana_fermion
Speculative feature of the early universe
defect: a cosmic string) Cosmic string loop stabilised by a fermionic supercurrent: vorton Kibble, Tom W K (1976). "Topology of cosmic domains and strings"
Cosmic_string
{\displaystyle 0-\pi } boundary). It also results in the appearance of a supercurrent ∝ sin ϕ ( x ) {\displaystyle \propto \sin \phi (x)} circulating around
Fractional_vortices
Multicomponent superconductors characterized by two or more coherence lengths
fields if the strength of the applied field is sufficiently low. Also the supercurrent can flow only on the surface of such a superconductor but not in its
Type-1.5_superconductor
Means of studying the interaction of light and matter
Cooper-pair box) and flux qubits (whose state is given by the direction of a supercurrent in a superconducting loop intersected by Josephson junctions). All of
Circuit quantum electrodynamics
Circuit_quantum_electrodynamics
Solid-state electronics based on electron spin
ISSN 1745-2473. S2CID 31028550. Eschrig, Matthias (2011). "Spin-polarized supercurrents for spintronics". Physics Today. 64 (1): 43–49. Bibcode:2011PhT....64a
Spintronics
of Sciences” “for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally
List of nominees for the Nobel Prize in Physics
List_of_nominees_for_the_Nobel_Prize_in_Physics
Superconductive behavior at temperatures much higher than absolute zero
Andersen, B. M.; Mannhart, J. (27 June 2010). "How grain boundaries limit supercurrents in high-temperature superconductors". Nature Physics. 6 (8): 609–614
High-temperature superconductivity
High-temperature_superconductivity
Theoretical model for magnetic behaviour of some superconductors
C. F.; Strnad, A. R. (15 January 1963). "Magnetization and Critical Supercurrents". Physical Review. 129 (2). American Physical Society (APS): 528–535
Bean's_critical_state_model
1962, Brian Josephson made the important theoretical prediction that a supercurrent can flow between two pieces of superconductor separated by a thin layer
History_of_superconductivity
Academic conference
3He-B: macroscopic phase-coherent spin precession and the flow of spin supercurrent." Vladimir V. Dmitriev [ru] Igor A. Fomin [ru] 2011 Humphrey Maris "for
International Conference on Low Temperature Physics
International_Conference_on_Low_Temperature_Physics
Material consisting of two layers of graphene
condensates in bilayer systems have been shown theoretically to carry a supercurrent. Pablo Jarillo-Herrero of MIT and colleagues from Harvard and the National
Bilayer_graphene
Physical Review Letters, 108, 266806 (2012) M. Veldhorst et al., “Josephson supercurrent through a topological insulator surface state”, Nature Materials, 11
Xiaolin_Wang
French physicist (born 1958)
des Solides at Paris-Sud University. Topics in her research include supercurrents, persistent currents, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and bismuth-based
Hélène_Bouchiat
Superconducting qubit implementation
superconducting ring, resulting in clockwise or counter-clockwise mesoscopic supercurrents (typically 300 nA) in the loop to compensate (screen or enhance) a non-integer
Flux_qubit
Surname list
pages with titles containing Abrikosova Abrikosov vortex, a vortex of supercurrent under superconductivity conditions История рода Абрикосовых, citing Большая
Abrikosov
Johansen, and J. K. Hulm Bernhardt, H. A.; Hulm, J. K. (1965). "Critical Supercurrents in Niobium Carbonitrides". Appl. Phys. Lett. 7 (2): 38–39. Bibcode:1965ApPhL
List_of_superconductors
Spanish physicist
Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo; van Dam, Jorden A.; Kouwenhoven, Leo P. (2006). "Quantum supercurrent transistors in carbon nanotubes". Nature. 439 (7079). Springer Science
Pablo_Jarillo-Herrero
Topological insulators of magnetic materials
superconducting junctions fabricated on MnBi2Te4 flakes. These devices showed supercurrent flow and SQUID-like interference patterns, hinting at superconductivity
Magnetic topological insulator
Magnetic_topological_insulator
Process to magnetize superconductors
same year, Josephson made the important theoretical prediction that a supercurrent can flow between two pieces of superconductor separated by a thin layer
Flux_pumping
Brian David Josephson (December 12, 1973). "The Discovery of Tunnelling Supercurrents" (PDF). Nobel Lecture. Retrieved 25 April 2012. Maria Goeppert Mayer
Timeline_of_quantum_mechanics
Prize in Physics "for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally
1973_in_the_United_Kingdom
Chemical compound
superconducting order is expected to give rise to appreciable spontaneous supercurrent at the edge of the sample. Such an effect is closely associated with
Distrontium_ruthenate
French and Russian theoretical physicist
Robinsons, J.W.A.; Halasz, G. B.; Buzdin, A. I.; et al. (2007). "Enhanced Supercurrents in Josephson Junctions Containing Nonparallel Ferromagnetic Domains"
Alexandre_Bouzdine
British physicist (1934–2002)
the superconducting material's 'holes', which are the carriers of the supercurrent. He correctly stated that the holes tend to sit mainly on oxygen, rather
Victor_Emery
German-born theoretical physicist
Becker, Melanie Becker, Daniel Butter, and William D. Linch. “N = 1 supercurrents of eleven-dimensional supergravity.” Journal of High Energy Physics
Katrin_Becker
Geological formation in Portugal
while the upper limit is defined by a clear lithological change to supercurrent calcareous-marginal units. The formation shows processes of dolomitization
Coimbra_Group_(geology)
System used to generate stable voltages, that may be used to define a volt
basis for all primary voltage standards. Josephson's equation for the supercurrent through a superconductive tunnel junction is given by I = I c sin (
Josephson_voltage_standard
German physicist (born 1957)
spin wave propagation phenomena, magnon gases and condensates, magnon supercurrents, magnonic crystals and magnetic storage. A further focus of interest
Burkard_Hillebrands
Nanofabrication method for overlapping structures
(1974) Niemeyer, J.; Kose, V. (1976-09-15). "Observation of large dc supercurrents at nonzero voltages in Josephson tunnel junctions". Applied Physics
Niemeyer–Dolan_technique
British scientist (born 1946)
doi:10.1098/rspa.1971.0125. S2CID 202574485. Shepherd, J.G. (1972). "Supercurrents through thick clean S-N-S sandwiches". Proceedings of the Royal Society
John Shepherd (earth scientist)
John_Shepherd_(earth_scientist)
Russian-Israeli physicist
experimental group in Kaiserslautern, he reported the discovery of a supercurrent in a room-temperature Bose–Einstein magnon condensate, Josephson oscillations
Victor_L'vov
German physicist (1936–2024)
Fulde, Ph.D." Physics Tree. Eschrig, Matthias (2011). "Spin-polarized supercurrents for spintronics". Physics Today. 64 (1). AIP Publishing: 43. Bibcode:2011PhT
Peter_Fulde
Method of imaging magnetic fields at microscopic scales
resistance between the electrodes, I is the current, I0 is the maximum supercurrent, Ic is the critical current of the Josephson junctions, Φ is the total
Scanning_SQUID_microscopy
American theoretical physicist (1926–2005)
Bibcode:1952PhDT........22F. Eschrig, Matthias (2011). "Spin-polarized supercurrents for spintronics". Physics Today. 64 (1). AIP Publishing: 43. Bibcode:2011PhT
Richard_Allan_Ferrell
Supercooling Supercritical airfoil Supercritical flow Supercritical fluid Supercurrent Superdeformation Superdense carbon allotropes Superdeterminism Superdiamagnetism
Index_of_physics_articles_(S)
English physicist (born 1968)
using supersymmetry transformations, they showed how to calculate the supercurrents in terms of the background string fields. They also managed to extend
Mark_Trodden
German physicist
Ökologische Ökonomie. Arne Jacobs, Reiner Kümmel: Dynamics of conversion of supercurrents into normal currents and vice versa. In: Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 64, No.
Reiner_Kümmel
Blamire, M. G. (10 June 2010). "Controlled Injection of Spin-Triplet Supercurrents into a Strong Ferromagnet". Science. 329 (5987). American Association
Jason_WA_Robinson
American theoretical condensed matter physicist
1103/PhysRevLett.8.316. Josephson, B. D. (1974-05-03). "The Discovery of Tunneling Supercurrents". Science. 184 (4136): 527–530. Bibcode:1974Sci...184..527J. doi:10
Morrel_H._Cohen
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English and Irish : perhaps, as MacLysaght suggests, a shortened form of the Welsh patronymic ap Richard, assimilated to the name of one of the patron saints of Ireland. In England the name is found chiefly in the Midlands. It has been recorded in Ireland (chiefly Ulster) since the 17th century.
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