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Search references for SUMMARY EXECUTION. Phrases containing SUMMARY EXECUTION
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Search references for SUMMARY EXECUTION. Phrases containing SUMMARY EXECUTION
See searches and references containing SUMMARY EXECUTION!SUMMARY EXECUTION
Execution without trial
In civil and military jurisprudence, summary execution (also called field execution) is the putting to death of a person accused of a crime without the
Summary_execution
Painting by Henri Regnault
Summary Execution under the Moorish Kings of Granada (French: Exécution sans jugement sous les rois maures de Grenade) is an oil on canvas painting by
Summary Execution under the Moorish Kings of Granada
Summary_Execution_under_the_Moorish_Kings_of_Granada
time of death. There have also been many alleged assassinations, summary executions, deaths in custody, or other extrajudicial killings, with varying
Summary executions during the Gaza war
Summary_executions_during_the_Gaza_war
1918 murder in Yekaterinburg, Russia
attempt at counter-revolutionary action in the town will result in the summary execution of the hostages. — Announcement in the local newspaper by Bolshevik
Murder_of_the_Romanov_family
1945 mass killing of SS guards by US soldiers
346 killed on the orders of 1st Lt. Jack Bushyhead, in an alleged mass execution in the coal yard several hours after the first hospital shooting. Buechner
Dachau_liberation_reprisals
Type of summary execution and torture
Necklacing is a method of extrajudicial summary execution and torture carried out by forcing a rubber tyre drenched with petrol around a victim's chest
Necklacing
1798 execution of alleged United Irishmen by British soldiers in Carnew, Ireland
The Carnew executions refer to the summary execution of 28 prisoners being held as suspected United Irishmen by yeomanry troops from the Carnew garrison
Carnew_executions
Death by suspension around the neck
common in suicides and extrajudicial hangings (such as lynchings and summary executions) which lack the specialised equipment and drop-length calculation
Hanging
Crime tried without a jury
criminal contempt cases without a jury." Misdemeanor Indictable offence Summary execution Hybrid offence "petty offense". Merriam-Webster. 18 U.S.C. § 19 ("Petty
Summary_offence
Topics referred to by the same term
process Summary execution, the act of killing a person who is accused of a crime without benefit of a full and fair trial A writ of execution, ordering
Execution_(disambiguation)
Killing of Serb civilians in 1941
The Pančevo executions (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Pokolj u Pančevu; Serbian Cyrillic: Пoкoљ у Панчеву) were the summary execution of 36 Serb civilians in
Pančevo_executions
1798 summary execution of alleged rebels by the Irish Yeomanry in Dunlavin
The Dunlavin Green executions was summary execution of 36 suspected United Irishmen rebels in County Wicklow, Ireland by the Irish Yeomanry shortly after
Dunlavin_Green_executions
Topics referred to by the same term
justice Summary execution, execution of a person upon their being accused of a crime, without a full and fair trial; usually pejorative Summary judgment, judgment
Summary_justice
Delibrate killing of person without authority
appointed the United Nations Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary, or arbitrary executions on 1 April 2021 by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner
Extrajudicial_killing
1950 anti-communist massacre in South Korea
largely kept hidden from history, unlike the well-publicized North Korean executions of South Korean right-wingers. The Bodo League was an official group formed
Bodo_League_massacre
1944 German war crime
the massacre were executed with a gunshot to the head. Besides the summary execution of the eighty-four U.S. POWs at the farmer's field, the term "Malmedy
Malmedy_massacre
2022 massacre by Russian forces in Ukraine
Commissioner for Human Rights documented the unlawful killings, including summary executions, of at least 73 civilians in Bucha. Photos showed corpses of civilians
Bucha_massacre
Mistress of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini (1912–1945)
Mussolini. She was killed by Italian partisans during Mussolini's summary execution. Daughter of Persichetti (1888–1962) and the physician Francesco Saverio
Clara_Petacci
Vietnamese police chief (1930–1998)
following a report by the Library of Congress which concluded that the summary execution of Nguyễn Văn Lém had been illegal by Vietnamese law, in an attempt
Nguyễn_Ngọc_Loan
was more than 6,000. In a 1994 report, Human Rights Watch described summary executions of detainees as a "hallmark" of counter-insurgency operations by Indian
Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir
Human_rights_abuses_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir
Government-led mass execution of political prisoners in Iran
Leader of Iran, Ruhollah Khomeini, ordered the execution of thousands of political prisoners. These executions took place in at least 32 cities across Iran
1988 executions of Iranian political prisoners
1988_executions_of_Iranian_political_prisoners
Massacre of Union army soldiers by Confederate guerrillas during the American Civil War
The Centralia Massacre was the summary execution of 24 captured Union army soldiers in Centralia, Missouri on September 27, 1864, during the American
Centralia_Massacre_(Missouri)
property without giving the owner opportunity to be heard. Summary execution, an execution in which a person is accused of a crime and then immediately
Summary_(law)
Art museum in Paris, France
Frost Odilon Redon – 106 paintings including Caliban Henri Regnault – Summary Execution under the Moorish Kings of Granada Pierre-Auguste Renoir – 81 paintings
Musée_d'Orsay
Trials of Nazi German leaders
defeated Nazi leaders ranged from a show trial (the Soviet Union) to summary executions (the United Kingdom). In mid-1945, France, the Soviet Union, the United
Nuremberg_trials
Member of the US Naval Construction Forces
attack. Doing so would classify them as guerrillas and could lead to summary execution. The formation of the Seabees amidst the aftermath of the Battle of
Seabee
of the United States in which war crimes occurred, including the summary execution of captured enemy combatants, the mistreatment of prisoners during
United_States_war_crimes
American historical drama film by James Vanderbilt
Initially, the U.S. is reluctant to support Jackson's plans in favor of summary executions, however, Jackson persists by winning the support of Pope Pius XII
Nuremberg_(2025_film)
1947 event in Mandatory Palestine
The Shubaki family assassination was the summary execution of five adult members of the Shubaki family in the village of Arab al-Shubaki, Mandatory Palestine
Shubaki_family_assassination
Mass executions of Polish hostages carried out on the streets of Warsaw
Warsaw residents apprehended during mass roundups. The Germans ceased summary executions in mid-February 1944, following the successful assassination of Kutschera
Street executions in Warsaw (1943–1944)
Street_executions_in_Warsaw_(1943–1944)
1899–1901 anti-foreign uprising in China
along with summary execution of those suspected of being Boxers in retribution. The Boxer Protocol of 7 September 1901 provided for the execution of government
Boxer_Rebellion
Form of extrajudicial punishment or killing
The attacks involve the public humiliation, physical assault, or summary execution of the accused without any form of legal trial. Treatment can vary
Jungle_justice
Indonesian communist politician (1923–1965)
Secretary of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) from 1951 until his summary execution during the mass killings of 1965–66. Born on Belitung Island, he was
D._N._Aidit
SS officer and war criminal (1915–1976)
occasions order the summary execution of US PoWs; yet, when the prosecutor asked whether or not he gave the orders for the summary executions, Peiper denied
Joachim_Peiper
Italian general and count (1850–1928)
217 officers, and during the Battle of Caporetto, he ordered the summary execution of officers whose units retreated; 6% of Italian soldiers under his
Luigi_Cadorna
Filipino death squad
then mayor Rodrigo Duterte. The group is alleged to have conducted summary executions of street children and individuals suspected of petty crimes and drug
Davao_Death_Squad
Topics referred to by the same term
promenade, esplanade or public avenue. Paseo, a euphemism for a ride to summary execution during the White Terror during the Spanish Civil War The Paseo (Kansas
Paseo
Oil-on-canvas painted by Gustave Courbet
found?". The Telegraph. 10 February 2013. Retrieved 11 February 2013. "Summary of analytical report – Painting on canvas, portrait of a woman" Archived
L'Origine_du_monde
Soviet penal battalions of World War II (Eastern Front)
Ni shagu nazad!) Order—introduced severe punishments, including summary execution, for unauthorized retreats. In his order, Stalin also mentioned Hitler's
Shtrafbat
Ethiopian military officer; chairman of the Derg from 1974 to 1977
Daniel arrived at the garage in time and released Fikre before the summary execution of the others. Shortly thereafter soldiers armed with automatic weapons
Tafari_Benti
Iranian cleric and politician (1926–2003)
courts a relish for summary execution," which earned him a reputation as Iran's "hanging judge." He remains best-known for the execution of former SAVAK members
Sadegh_Khalkhali
crimes and atrocities during the Philippine–American War included the summary execution of civilians and prisoners, burning of villages, and torture. 298
List_of_war_crimes
Painting by Pierre-Auguste Renoir
of painting the dancing at Le Moulin de la Galette in May 1876 and its execution is described in full by his civil servant friend Georges Rivière in his
Bal_du_moulin_de_la_Galette
UÇK) has also been implicated in atrocities, such as kidnappings and summary executions of civilians. Moreover, the NATO bombing campaign has been harshly
War_crimes_in_the_Kosovo_War
2010 Israeli military operation against a humanitarian ship convoy
passengers were in a manner consistent with an extra-legal, arbitrary and summary execution." The five other ships in the flotilla employed passive resistance
2010_Gaza_flotilla_raid
Soviet secret police (1917–1922)
subjected political opponents to secret arrest, detention, torture and summary execution. They also put down rebellions and riots by workers or peasants, and
Cheka
1942 massacre in the Philippines by Japan
Pantingan River massacre (Filipino: Pagpatay sa Ilog Pantingan) was the mass execution of Filipino and American officers and non-commissioned officers prisoners-of-war
Pantingan_River_massacre
2011 killing in Sirte, Libya
2011 after the Battle of Sirte. Gaddafi was captured by NTC forces and summarily executed shortly afterwards. The NTC initially claimed Gaddafi succumbed
Killing_of_Muammar_Gaddafi
Elite Squad. Police response in parts of Brazil is violent, including summary execution and torture of suspects. According to Global Justice, in 2003, the
Human_rights_in_Brazil
WWII Nazi abuse of Soviet POWs
present themselves to the German authorities under the threat of summary execution. Despite the order, few soldiers turned themselves in; some evaded
German atrocities committed against Soviet prisoners of war
German_atrocities_committed_against_Soviet_prisoners_of_war
result of hanging, including suicides and judicial, extrajudicial, or summary executions. These deaths are notable due to history or due to media exposure
List of people who died by hanging
List_of_people_who_died_by_hanging
American code of conduct for warfare developed during the American Civil War
faced ethical dilemmas of command responsibility concerning their summary execution in situ, per military custom, because the 1806 Articles of War did
Lieber_Code
Bavarian State Prosecutor noted for challenging early Nazi atrocities
examiner colleague, Moritz Flamm [de], discovered the SS policy of summary executions and faked suicides at the camp. At great risk to his own safety, Hartinger
Josef_Hartinger
1792 killings of prisoners in Paris
The September Massacres were a series of killings and summary executions of prisoners in Paris that occurred in 1792 from 2 September to 6 September during
September_Massacres
Croatian judge (1907–1945)
Jews and other "enemies of the state" which invariably resulted in summary execution. By December 1942, he had reportedly "celebrated his 1,500th death
Ivan_Vidnjević
German soldier and political activist (1880–1970)
Freikorps officer, Captain Pabst gained notoriety for ordering the summary executions of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg in 1919 as well as for his leading
Waldemar_Pabst
Ethnic group in Darfur, Sudan
intentional process of ethnic cleansing", "through forced displacement and summary execution". Berti Hills Holý, Ladislav (1991). "The Berti of Sudan". Religion
Berti_people
Australian actor (born 1959)
town of Balibo, East Timor. The opening scene depicts East's own summary execution, during the Indonesian invasion. LaPaglia was originally cast in Quentin
Anthony_LaPaglia
Urban guerilla campaign in the Algerian War
The judicial system was not suited for such drastic conditions... Summary executions were therefore an inseparable part of the tasks associated with keeping
Battle_of_Algiers_(1956–1957)
Use of the death penalty by the U.S. military
of 110 Black soldiers". NBC News. November 14, 2023. "Index Card Summary of Execution(s), Undated". archives.albany.edu. Retrieved 2025-10-19. "Stanley
Capital punishment by the United States military
Capital_punishment_by_the_United_States_military
Irish republican, trade unionist and revolutionary (1868–1916)
disquiet at Connolly's execution. In Parliament the government was pressed as to whether there was "precedent for the summary execution of a military prisoner
James_Connolly
French historian (1886–1944)
In 1944, he was captured by the Gestapo in Lyon and murdered in a summary execution after the Allied invasion of Normandy. Several works—including influential
Marc_Bloch
Act of preventing and punishing crimes without legal authority
and pushers) were killed by various unknown hitmen labelled as a summary execution during his war on drugs. Duterte has been accused of being linked
Vigilantism
British officer executed for war crimes (1864–1902)
an order to that effect had been issued. Morant was accused of the summary execution of Floris Visser, a wounded POW, and the slaying of four Afrikaners
Breaker_Morant
French revolutionary, sociologist
expelled after accusations of Trotskyism and having participated in summary executions of former Nazi collaborators. Rytmann was murdered by strangulation
Hélène_Rytmann
Soviet Army major general
during 1943 and 1944, but in May 1944 was relieved for ordering the summary execution of a subordinate officer. Demoted to deputy division commander, Vlasenko
Aleksey_Vlasenko
Ancient Greek philosopher
Socrates in their seizure of the democratic general Leon of Salamis for summary execution. In 403 BC, the democracy was restored after the regrouping of the
Plato
Assassinations and mass murders during the Spanish Civil War
that by 1938 the military courts there were directing summary executions. Many of the executions in the course of the war were carried out by militants
White_Terror_(Spain)
1922–1923 conflict between factions of the IRA
County Kerry, where the guerrilla campaign was most bitter, began the summary execution of captured anti-treaty fighters. The most notorious example of this
Irish_Civil_War
German Nazi paramilitary organisation (1925–1945)
International Military Tribunal in 1945–46. Some SS members were subject to summary execution, torture, and beatings at the hands of freed prisoners, displaced
Schutzstaffel
Mass execution of rebels during the Irish Rebellion of 1798
The Gibbet Rath executions /ˈdʒɪbət ræθ/, sometimes called the Gibbet Rath massacre, refers to the execution of several hundred surrendering rebels by
Gibbet_Rath_executions
Annual list of influential people
Putin's mugging of Crimea to North Korean dictator Kim Jong Un's summary execution of his uncle and mentor Jang Song-thaek. Those men made our list,
Time_100
Short story by Frank O'Connor
published in The Atlantic Monthly in January 1931. It depicts the summary execution of two British Army hostages by the Irish Republican Army (IRA) during
Guests_of_the_Nation
Nigerian indigenous organization
human rights abuses against the Ogoni people in the Niger Delta, summary execution, torture, arbitrary arrest, and wrongful death. After 12 years of
Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People
Movement_for_the_Survival_of_the_Ogoni_People
Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-Legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions. It was designed to support the implementation of the United Nations
Minnesota_Protocol
Argentine revolutionary (1928–1967)
responsible for summary executions of men accused of being informers, deserters, or spies. In his diaries, Guevara described the first such execution, of Eutimio
Che_Guevara
Village and community in Wales
Gruffudd, was either killed in action or captured alive and subjected to summary execution by the soldiers of King Edward Longshanks, on 11 December 1282. A
Cilmeri
Mild or indirect word or expression
Heydrich used the term Sonderbehandlung ("special treatment") to mean summary execution of persons viewed as having "disciplinary problems". Heinrich Himmler
Euphemism
US Revolutionary War Captain (1735–1782)
the Asgill Affair, in which the Continental Army arranged for the summary execution of British officer Charles Asgill, an act that violated the terms
Joshua_Huddy
1979–1992 conflict in El Salvador
Army; hiding in caves and under trees to evade capture and probable summary execution. On 18 March, three days after the sweep in Cabañas began, 4–8,000
Salvadoran_Civil_War
Ancient Roman military punishment killing a tenth of a unit
Italian Army during the First World War used both decimation and summary executions of stragglers for units that retreated without orders or fled the
Decimation_(punishment)
Event in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
of unknown authorship between March 27 and March 28. As a case of summary execution and torture of prisoners of war, the incident might qualify as a war
Torture of Russian soldiers in Mala Rohan
Torture_of_Russian_soldiers_in_Mala_Rohan
1979 to present, multiple conflicts
killing of civilians and wartime sexual violence during the 2010s, and executions of civilians during the 2021 Taliban offensive. In its military takeover
War_crimes_in_Afghanistan
1945 killings in Italy
The Rovetta massacre is the name given to the summary execution of 43 Italian soldiers that took place in Rovetta on the night of 27–28 April 1945. The
Rovetta_massacre
Revolutionary organization active in South Vietnam and Cambodia from 1960 to 1977
of South Vietnamese commanders. A photo by Eddie Adams showing the summary execution of a VC in Saigon on February 1 became a symbol of the brutality of
Viet_Cong
Indo-Aryan ethnic group
Rohingyas while the Myanmar security forces have been conducting "summary executions, enforced disappearances, arbitrary arrests and detentions, torture
Rohingya_people
Executions and extrajudicial killings in the Gaza Strip
pans Hamas for not probing executions". The Times of Israel. "Amnesty International: Hamas guilty of torture, summary executions". The Washington Post. 27
2025_Hamas_executions
2005 American-Australian war film
POW camp near Cabanatuan and subjected them to brutal treatment and summary execution, as the Japanese code of bushido viewed surrender as a disgrace. At
The_Great_Raid_(film)
Novel about Novi Sad Raids
Novi Sad, in the former Yugoslavia, in 1942. The raid led to the summary execution of some 1,400 people, including Blam's own family members. The description
The_Book_of_Blam
1945 incident in the Czech Republic related to Estonian units in the Waffen-SS
Uprising, World War II in May 1945. It involved the imprisonment and summary executions of 500−1,000 unarmed soldiers and officers of the 20th Waffen Grenadier
Czech_Hell
1945 death of deposed Italian dictator
should be summarily executed. Palmiro Togliatti, the Secretary-General of the Communist Party, claimed that he had ordered Mussolini's execution prior to
Death_of_Benito_Mussolini
Genocide in Myanmar
wide-scale human rights violations, including extrajudicial killings; summary executions; gang rapes; arson of Rohingya villages, businesses, and schools;
Rohingya_genocide
French painter (1843–1871)
from the Roman school, dispatched from Tangier the large canvas, Summary Execution under the Moorish Kings of Granada. The Franco-Prussian War arose
Henri_Regnault
French purge of collaborationists after World War II
including members and leaders of the milice. US forces put the number of "summary executions" following liberation at 80,000. The French Minister of the Interior
Épuration_légale
Massacre in Vietnam War
Tết Mậu Thân ở Huế, lit. 'Tết Offensive massacre in Huế') was the summary executions and mass murder perpetrated by the Viet Cong and People's Army of
Massacre_at_Huế
Series of two paintings by Vincent van Gogh
the etching, called it "a true painter's etching. No refinement in the execution, but a drawing on metal." It is a different pose than that in Van Gogh's
Portrait_of_Dr._Gachet
Part of the samurai code of honor
Deadly force Honour killing Licence to kill (concept) Private war Summary execution Tsujigiri Kirisute-gomen - Samurai World Laurence Winkler. Samurai
Kiri-sute_gomen
2006 film by Ken Loach
Irish Republican Army. After a hurling match, Damien witnesses the summary execution of his friend Micheál Ó Súilleabháin, by British Black and Tans, for
The Wind That Shakes the Barley (film)
The_Wind_That_Shakes_the_Barley_(film)
Prime Minister of Cambodia (1985–1993; 1998–2023)
Minister. In an open letter, Amnesty International condemned the summary execution of FUNCINPEC ministers and the "systematic campaign of arrests and
Hun_Sen
1966 film by Gillo Pontecorvo
atrocities against civilians. The FLN commandeered the Casbah via summary execution of Algerian criminals and suspected French collaborators; they commit
The_Battle_of_Algiers
SUMMARY EXECUTION
SUMMARY EXECUTION
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : from Middle English sum(m)er, Middle High German sumer ‘summer’, hence a nickname for someone of a warm or sunny disposition, or for someone associated with the season of summer in some other way.English : assimilated variant of Sumner.English : assimilated variant of Sumpter.Irish (Leinster and Munster) : Anglicization (part translation) of Gaelic Ó Samhraidh ‘descendant of Samhradh’, a byname meaning ‘summer’. The Gaelic name is also Anglicized as O’Sawrie, O’Sawra.German : from Middle High German summer ‘woven basket’ and, by extension, a measure of grain; also ‘drum’, hence a metonymic occupational name or nickname from any of these senses.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
The First Lady who Obtained Shahadat in Islam
Boy/Male
Tamil
Summary
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
The first lady who obtained shahadat in Islam
Boy/Male
Hindu
Summary, In brief
Girl/Female
English American
Born during the summer.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Fruit, Gifts
Boy/Male
Tamil
Summary, In brief
Boy/Male
Tamil
Summary, In brief
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Hebrew
Under God's Rule
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, British, English, Muslim
Fruit; Gifts
Boy/Male
Hindu
Summary
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Summer 1.Irish (Sligo) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Ó Somacháin ‘descendant of Somachán’, a nickname meaning ‘gentle’, ‘innocent’.Americanized form of some like-sounding Ashkenazic Jewish name.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Summary, In brief
Girl/Female
American, Arabic, Australian, British, Chinese, English, Hebrew
The Warmest Season of the Year; Summer Season; Name of the Season; Summer; The Hot Season of the Year
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Fruit Gifts
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Summary; Gist
Female
English
English name derived from the vocabulary word, summer, from Old English sumor, SUMMER means "summer," the hot season of the year.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Summary
Girl/Female
Muslim
The first lady who obtained Shahadat in Islam
SUMMARY EXECUTION
SUMMARY EXECUTION
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Water Born
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Lord Master
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sikh, Sindhi, Telugu
Honest; Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Another Name of Sage Shounak
Girl/Female
Tamil
Witness
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Anglo-Norman French peiser, poiser ‘weigher’ (Late Latin pensarius, a derivative of pensare ‘to weigh’), hence an occupational name for an official in charge of weights and measures, especially one whose duty it was to weigh rent or tribute received.German : variant spelling of Peiser.
Girl/Female
French, German, Swedish
Carl; Maiden; Virgin; Female Version of Charles
Boy/Male
English Scottish Welsh
Son of Harry.
Surname or Lastname
English (West Midlands)
English (West Midlands) : patronymic from the personal name Tonkin.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian
Lucky One; Fortunate; Prosperous
SUMMARY EXECUTION
SUMMARY EXECUTION
SUMMARY EXECUTION
SUMMARY EXECUTION
SUMMARY EXECUTION
a.
Of or relating to coins or money.
adv.
In a summary manner.
a.
Of or pertaining to the mammae or breasts; as, the mammary arteries and veins.
v. t.
To keep or carry through the summer; to feed during the summer; as, to summer stock.
v. t.
Any summary of principles or opinions professed or adhered to.
n.
A summer. See 2d Summer.
pl.
of Summary
v. i.
To pass the summer; to spend the warm season; as, to summer in Switzerland.
pl.
of Mummery
a.
Formed into a sum; summed up; reduced into a narrow compass, or into few words; short; brief; concise; compendious; as, a summary statement of facts.
a.
A general or comprehensive statement; an abridged account; an abstract, abridgment, or compendium, containing the sum or substance of a fuller account.
n.
A summary.
n.
A compendium; an epitome; a summary.
n.
A short compend; a summary; a brief statement.
a.
Of or pertaining to summer; like summer; as, a summery day.
n.
A summary account.
a.
Hence, rapidly performed; quickly executed; as, a summary process; to take summary vengeance.
a.
Fond of sugar or sweet things; as, a sugary palate.
v. t.
To plow and work in summer, in order to prepare for wheat or other crop; to plow and let lie fallow.
n.
See Mummery.