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Legal doctrine
The doctrine and rules of state immunity concern the protection which a state is given from being sued in the courts of other states. The rules relate
State_immunity
Legal doctrine
Sovereign immunity, or crown immunity, is a legal doctrine whereby a sovereign or state cannot commit a legal wrong and is immune from civil suit or criminal
Sovereign_immunity
Inability of a person or entity to be held liable for a violation of the law
Legal immunity, or immunity from prosecution, is a legal status wherein an individual or entity cannot be held liable for a violation of the law, in order
Legal_immunity
Form of legal immunity and a policy held between governments and tribunals
Diplomatic immunity is a principle of international law by which certain foreign government officials are recognized as having legal immunity from the jurisdiction
Diplomatic_immunity
Legal protection of federal, state and tribal governments
federal government as well as state and tribal governments generally enjoy sovereign immunity, also known as governmental immunity, from lawsuits. Local governments
Sovereign immunity in the United States
Sovereign_immunity_in_the_United_States
Doctrine of international law
is functional immunity, or immunity ratione materiae. This is an immunity granted to people who perform certain functions of the state. The second is
Immunity from prosecution (international law)
Immunity_from_prosecution_(international_law)
International Court of Justice decision
Jurisdictional Immunities of the State (Germany v. Italy: Greece Intervening) was a case concerning the extent of state immunity before the International
Jurisdictional Immunities of the State
Jurisdictional_Immunities_of_the_State
Topics referred to by the same term
Press Immune system Radiofrequence immunity describes how well an electronic circuit is protected against electromagnetic interference Legal immunity, the
Immunity
Condition that may be offered to legal witnesses
prosecution may grant immunity in one of two forms. Transactional immunity, colloquially known as "blanket" or "total" immunity, completely protects the
Witness_immunity
State having the highest authority over a territory
United States, have introduced restrictive immunity by statute, which explicitly limits jurisdictional immunity to public acts, but not private or commercial
Sovereign_state
Legal protection from prosecution for legislators
Parliamentary immunity, also known as legislative immunity, is a system in which politicians or other political leaders are granted full immunity from legal
Parliamentary_immunity
Public General Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom
Rules, its 1934 protocol on the immunity of State-owned ships, the Brussels Convention European Convention on State Immunity of 1972 into British law. The
State_Immunity_Act_1978
1976 United States federal law
be immune to suit in any U.S. court—federal or state—unless a statutory exception to immunity applies. The applicability of an exception to immunity is
Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act
Foreign_Sovereign_Immunities_Act
Legal doctrine in United States law
Qualified immunity is a legal doctrine in United States law that grants government officials—in the performance of their duties—immunity from prosecution
Qualified_immunity
Form of total legal immunity for government officials
United States law, absolute immunity is a type of legal immunity for government officials that confers complete immunity from criminal prosecution and
Absolute_immunity
Biological system protecting an organism against disease
the border between innate and adaptive immunity. On one hand, γδ T cells are a component of adaptive immunity as they rearrange TCR genes to produce receptor
Immune_system
Principle in antitrust law in the United States
The Parker immunity doctrine is an exemption from liability for engaging in antitrust violations. It applies to the state when it exercises legislative
Parker_immunity_doctrine
Principle in international law
other') is a general principle of international law, forming the basis of state immunity. Because of this principle, there is the duty of courts to abstain from
Par in parem non habet imperium
Par_in_parem_non_habet_imperium
State of being insusceptible or resistant to a noxious agent or process
self is not spared. Innate immunity, also known as native immunity, is a semi-specific and widely distributed form of immunity. It is defined as the first
Immunity_(medicine)
Immunity of judges from the law
Judicial immunity is a form of sovereign immunity, which protects judges and others employed by the judiciary from liability resulting from their judicial
Judicial_immunity
U.S. political and legal concept
Presidential immunity is the concept that sitting presidents of the United States have civil or criminal immunity for their official acts. Neither civil
Presidential immunity in the United States
Presidential_immunity_in_the_United_States
1795 amendment restricting ability to sue states in federal courts
their sovereign immunity when they ratified the Constitution. He read the amendment's text as reflecting a narrow form of sovereign immunity that limited
Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution
Eleventh_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
Area of international law
diplomatic law is that of diplomatic immunity, which derives from state immunity. Key elements of diplomatic law are the immunity of diplomatic staff, the inviolability
Diplomatic_law
British lawyer (1928–2025)
known as Lady Fox, was a British international lawyer and an expert in State Immunity. She was involved in a number of British high profile cases where individuals
Hazel_Fox
Immunity strategy in living beings
innate immune system or nonspecific immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies in vertebrates (the other being the adaptive immune system)
Innate_immune_system
Immune response that does not involve antibodies
Cellular immunity, also known as cell-mediated immunity, is an immune response that does not rely on the production of antibodies. Rather, cell-mediated
Cell-mediated_immunity
Privilege designated by the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations
Consular immunity privileges are described in the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963 (VCCR). Consular immunity offers protections similar
Consular_immunity
Subsystem of the immune system
Like the innate system, the adaptive immune system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components and destroys invading pathogens
Adaptive_immune_system
Head of the Catholic Church
state has sovereign immunity from the jurisdiction of the courts of other countries, though not from that of international tribunals. This immunity is
Pope
Ad hoc tribunal created in 2025
arrest warrants and not be limited by State immunity or the immunity of heads of State and government and other State officials." The government of Ukraine
Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine
Special_Tribunal_for_the_Crime_of_Aggression_against_Ukraine
UK legal case
whether former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet was entitled to claim state immunity from torture allegations made by a Spanish court and therefore avoid
R v Bow Street Metropolitan Stipendiary Magistrate, ex parte Pinochet
R_v_Bow_Street_Metropolitan_Stipendiary_Magistrate,_ex_parte_Pinochet
Concept in epidemiology
Herd immunity (also called herd effect, community immunity, population immunity, or mass immunity) is a form of indirect protection that applies only to
Herd_immunity
Case in the International Court of Justice
and Iranian state-owned companies, and their property, sovereign immunity, and failed to recognize the juridical separateness of Iranian state-owned companies
Certain_Iranian_Assets
President of Mexico from 2018 to 2024
policies made him a popular figure on the Mexican left. In 2004, his state immunity from prosecution was removed after he refused to cease construction
Andrés_Manuel_López_Obrador
Principle of Australian federalism
governing intergovernmental immunity, expressing it as an implied immunity of instrumentalities, where neither the Commonwealth nor State governments could be
Intergovernmental immunity (Australia)
Intergovernmental_immunity_(Australia)
2024 U.S. Supreme Court decision on presidential immunity
presidential immunity from criminal prosecution presumptively extends to all of a president's "official acts" – with absolute immunity for official acts
Trump_v._United_States
Advisory council to the head of state
with the prior authorisation of the Council, which waives his immunity. Unlike the immunity of the Members of the Assembly of the Republic, which must be
Council_of_State_(Portugal)
Lower court in London, England
opposed the 2021 Myanmar coup d'etat. In 2025, Ankit Love submitted the State Immunity Act Certificate 1978 to a judge at Westminster Magistrates' Court after
Westminster Magistrates' Court
Westminster_Magistrates'_Court
Proposed diplomatic solution for the Cyprus dispute
is NOT vulnerable to a lawsuit in Washington.". (State immunity: The protection which a sovereign state is given from being sued in the courts of other
Two-state_solution_(Cyprus)
Topics referred to by the same term
Constitution Parker immunity doctrine, legal doctrine in U.S. courts that certain acts of the U.S. state governments are immune from antitrust liability
State_act
2008, Congress expanded exceptions to the state immunity protections granted by the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act. Exceptions were added for torture,
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008
National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2008
Concept of the sovereignty of nation-states
becomes a defining quality of the system. Bankas, Ernest K (2005). The State Immunity Controversy in International Law: Private Suits Against Sovereign States
Westphalian_system
Iranian-American writer and academic
fleeing state over "open hostility"". Salon. Retrieved 10 August 2024. Dodge, William S. (10 August 2023). "Why Terrorism Exceptions to State Immunity Do Not
Maryam_Jamshidi
Legal principle
that state officials may have immunity under international law while serving in office. The court stated that immunity was not granted to state officials
Universal_jurisdiction
Ability of the immune system to quickly and specifically recognize an antigen
the body. Immunity to chickenpox, measles, and some other diseases lasts a lifetime. Immunity to many diseases eventually wears off. The immune system's
Immunological_memory
U.N. General Convention
imports and exports (Art. II) Diplomatic immunity of communications and mail (pouch) (Art. III) Functional immunity of delegates (Art. IV), officials (Art
Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations
Convention_on_the_Privileges_and_Immunities_of_the_United_Nations
U.S. state
medical care for the Native Americans, but when Indian patients—lacking immunity to new, "European" diseases—died in striking numbers, while at the same
Washington_(state)
Season of television series
granted immunity. Jonathan received an additional individual reward for finishing first place overall in the challenge. In addition to immunity, Joe won
Survivor 50: In the Hands of the Fans
Survivor_50:_In_the_Hands_of_the_Fans
1998 international treaty establishing the International Criminal Court
the State or diplomatic immunity of a person or property of a third State, unless the Court can first obtain the cooperation of that third State for the
Rome_Statute
Lack of or compromised immune system
critical for the development of a child's immune system. Initially, a newborn relies heavily on passive immunity transferred from the mother, primarily through
Immunodeficiency
Irish Supreme Court case
held that the State was not immune from tortious liability and thus abolished the immunity of the State in tort. Therefore, the State could be sued for
Byrne_v_Ireland
Arrest of the dictator for crimes against humanity (1990s–2000s)
the United Kingdom. Pinochet claimed immunity from prosecution as a former head of state under the State Immunity Act 1978. This was rejected by a majority
Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet
Indictment_and_arrest_of_Augusto_Pinochet
Season of television series
the hidden immunity idol to save his former La Mina tribe members, leaving him as the sole remaining La Mina member and a perceived immunity challenge
Survivor:_Panama
Indian Supreme Court ruling on legislative immunity
overruling its own precedent in P. V. Narasimha Rao v. State (1988) and established a twofold test for immunity – that the claim is tethered to the collective
Sita_Soren_v._Union_of_India
Season of television series
repeated[timeframe?] immunity challenge wins. Amanda was targeted for being a threat after Erik won immunity again; she saved herself with a hidden immunity idol and
Survivor:_Micronesia
Authority granted to a legal body or political leader to deal with legal matters
jurisdiction Lawsuits against God Private jurisdiction Rasul v. Bush State immunity Universal jurisdiction Boister, Neil (2018). An introduction to transnational
Jurisdiction
Haitian minister and leader of the Tonton Macoutes
thus enjoyed head-of-state immunity, Gladys's lawsuit was dismissed. Juste, Jonel (2023-06-01). "Foreign Head of State Immunity: Lafontant v. Aristide
Roger_Lafontant
Breakdown of immune system processes
cells. In old age, innate immunity cells are also affected, when activated cells have a lower ability to return to a quiescent state, only effector functions
Immune_dysregulation
2015 United States Supreme Court case
Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners v. Federal Trade Commission, 574 U.S. 494 (2015), was a United States Supreme Court case on the scope of immunity from
North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners v. FTC
North_Carolina_State_Board_of_Dental_Examiners_v._FTC
Sudanese politician
2014: Tortured Winnipeg man decries Supreme Court decision in favour of state immunity". "Sudan's RSF commander Mohamed Dagalo fires political adviser". The
Yousif_Ibrahim_Ismaeil
caused. Germany seeks to rely on its state immunity as implemented in US law as the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, arguing that, as a sovereign nation
Herero and Nama genocide reparations
Herero_and_Nama_genocide_reparations
Constituent polity of the United States
respect to their basic rights, under the Privileges and Immunities Clause. Under Article IV, each state is guaranteed a form of government that is grounded
U.S._state
Former congressional bill
then as part of H.R. 6074 (in 2008). NOPEC was designed to remove the state immunity shield and to allow the international oil cartel, OPEC, and its national
No Oil Producing and Exporting Cartels Act
No_Oil_Producing_and_Exporting_Cartels_Act
Season of television series
reward. In addition to immunity, Dee won reward for her entire team for lasting the longest in the challenge. In addition to immunity, Drew won reward for
Survivor_45
Comune in Tuscany, Italy
Italy was required to void the judgment out of respect for Germany's state immunity. The town's cemetery is the resting place of the Scottish writer Muriel
Civitella_in_Val_di_Chiana
Overview of the legal status of the State of Palestine
purpose of state immunity' by adopting a measure that makes it possible to grant sovereign immunity to a 'political entity that is not a state' as part
Legal_status_of_Palestine
Season of television series
council; she won, and was granted immunity. For winning the final Immunity Challenge, Romeo had to assign additional immunity to another player, with the remaining
Survivor_42
Rwandan politician
verdict against him forming a precedent against the legal principle of State Immunity (which was used to reject an extradition order for Augusto Pinochet
Jean_Kambanda
State of unresponsiveness of the immune system
Immune tolerance, also known as immunological tolerance or immunotolerance, is the immune system's state of unresponsiveness to substances or tissues that
Immune_tolerance
1791 amendment enumerating states' rights
whether there was state immunity from federal regulation turned on whether the state activity was "traditional" for or "integral" to the state government. In
Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Tenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
US federal law on website liability
immunity for online computer services with respect to third-party content generated by their users. At its core, Section 230(c)(1) provides immunity from
Section_230
1979 United States Supreme Court case
authorizes or obligates" states to grant sister states immunity in court. States may grant sister states immunity if they choose. This decision was overturned by
Nevada_v._Hall
Season of television series
tribe that lost the next immunity challenge: Fang. Marcus won the individual immunity challenge, and chose Sugar to receive immunity as well. As part of a
Survivor:_Gabon
Somali politician; 5th President of Somalia
U.S. Department of State requesting that Washington grant Samatar immunity from prosecution. Samatar was previously denied immunity mainly because there
Mohammad_Ali_Samatar
Arbitration between companies or individuals in different countries
domestic courts which in theory makes it more enforceable. However, state immunity to lawsuits and judgments poses a barrier to collection. The legal protection
International_arbitration
Unwelcome foreign person in a country
the host state may refuse to recognize the person concerned as a member of the diplomatic mission (including the removal of diplomatic immunity). A host
Persona_non_grata
Hindu dynasty of Jammu and Kashmir (1846–1952)
Secretary of State to provide under Section 21 of the State Immunity 1978 Act a certificate to address whether Jammu and Kashmir is recognised as a state. This
Dogra_dynasty
American nurse and reality TV personality
on to win immunity on Day 36. Alone at camp, Fields and Baskauskas decided to vote out DiLorenzo (since Deitz probably had a hidden immunity idol and they
Cirie_Fields
Calendar year
citizens of Tours; Bishop Gregory successfully opposes this by claiming state immunity instituted by Fredegund. King Guntram sends an expedition into Septimania
589
Halpert of Agudat Yisrael) that would give rabbis who work for the state immunity from prosecution from actions and pronouncements in connection with
December 2010 Israeli rabbi letter controversy
December_2010_Israeli_rabbi_letter_controversy
English noble appointed to protect the border with Wales
succession to the bishops and to have the status of a rajah and effective state immunity. However, in May 2008, the High Court held that the Laws in Wales Act
Marcher_lord
1890 United States Supreme Court case
Annotated → Amendment XI. SUITS AGAINST STATES STATE → Sovereign Immunity → Expansion of the Immunity of the States". The Legal Information Institute
Hans_v._Louisiana
Saudi Arabian prison
2006, the Saudi government appealed the decision on the basis of the State Immunity Act. The original judgement was subsequently overturned by the Law Lords
Al-Ha'ir_prison
2005 article by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.
"Deadly Immunity" is an article written by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. that appeared in the July 14, 2005 issue of Rolling Stone and, simultaneously, on the
Deadly_Immunity
undermining the judicial immunity of other governments and abusing the provisions of international law. The US State Immunity Act is in conflict with international
Criticism of the United States government
Criticism_of_the_United_States_government
Season of television series
changed; in lieu of a vote, the winner of the final immunity challenge was to assign additional immunity to another castaway, with the remaining two competing
Survivor: Heroes vs. Healers vs. Hustlers
Survivor:_Heroes_vs._Healers_vs._Hustlers
Season of television series
naming this as one of his favorite seasons, he stated that the final immunity challenge was his favorite immunity challenge from any season. He also said Palau
Survivor:_Palau
sovereignty. It is also referred to as a Supremacy Clause immunity or simply federal immunity from state law. The doctrine was established by the United States
Intergovernmental immunity (United States)
Intergovernmental_immunity_(United_States)
2019 United States Supreme Court case
history of state sovereign immunity presented in the majority opinion. He said that the record only showed states granted each other sovereign immunity as a
Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt
Franchise_Tax_Board_of_California_v._Hyatt
2016 United States Supreme Court case
foreign state's immunity from the executive branch to the judiciary. The FSIA contains an exception to the immunity of foreign states for victims of state-sponsored
Bank_Markazi_v._Peterson
Antiparasite defence mounted for the benefit of individuals other than the actor
al.'s 2007 paper "Social Immunity" that the topic was seriously considered. Empirical and theoretical work in social immunity continues to reveal not only
Social_immunity
1999 United States Supreme Court case
that such immunity is often referred to as "Eleventh Amendment Immunity." Such immunity, the Court continued, is necessary to maintain state sovereignty
Alden_v._Maine
Portion of the US Constitution regarding the judicial branch
this U.S government document. "Annotation 1 – Eleventh Amendment – State Immunity". FindLaw. Retrieved May 4, 2013. United States v. Texas, 143 U.S. 621
Article Three of the United States Constitution
Article_Three_of_the_United_States_Constitution
British lawyer and House of Lords crossbencher
Herceptin; and was briefed by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in its claim to state immunity against allegations of torture. In 2007, Pannick appeared for BBC director-general
David_Pannick,_Baron_Pannick
Legal doctrine regarding liability
in Britain and Canada. The early form of charitable immunity in England did not provide immunity from suit; it only protected segregated funds held in
Charitable_immunity
Field of study
susceptibility to infections, and more. The mucosal immune system consists of a cellular component, humoral immunity, and defense mechanisms that prevent the invasion
Mucosal_immunology
Court order to give testimony
held that the grant of immunity is not affected by the fact that the witness appearance was pursuant to a court order. The immunity is not affected by the
Subpoena_ad_testificandum
Norms in international relations
Convention on State Immunity in 1972 and the UN Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and their Property attempt to restrict immunity in accordance
International_law
Season of television series
remained with that tribe until the next Immunity Challenge and received a clue to the location of an Immunity Idol at that camp. However, this clue had
Survivor:_China
Season of television series
remaining target, but stayed in the game after winning immunity challenges and playing hidden immunity idols. Wardog was the strategic force of the old Manu
Survivor:_Edge_of_Extinction
STATE IMMUNITY
STATE IMMUNITY
Boy/Male
English Scandinavian American Irish Native American
Cheerful.
Male
English
English surname transferred to unisex forename use, TATE means "cheerful."
Boy/Male
Arabic
Power; State
Boy/Male
Arabic
State; Dignity
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, Finnish, German, Indian, Irish, Norse, Scandinavian
To be Cheerful; Great; Measure of Land; Great Talker
Girl/Female
Indian, Kashmiri
State Honour
Boy/Male
Arabic
Leadership; State
Boy/Male
Arabic
Power; State
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a slater, from Middle English slate ‘slate’.
Surname or Lastname
Indian (northern states)
Indian (northern states) : Hindu name meaning ‘lamp’, from Sanskrit dīpa. It occurs commonly as the final element of compound personal names, e.g. in Kuldeep ‘light of the family’. Subsequently, it appears to have evolved into a surname.English : presumably from the adjective deep, either a topographic name for someone who lived in a deep valley, or perhaps a nickname for a ‘deep’, thoughtful person.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Wealth, Empire, State
Boy/Male
Arabic
Leadership; State
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish
English and Irish : variant of Stacey.
Boy/Male
Celebrity, Hindu, Indian, Telugu
State
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
State; Country
Girl/Female
English Scandinavian Anglo Saxon Irish
Brings joy.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.
Girl/Female
American, Anglo, Australian, British, English, Finnish, Irish, Scandinavian
Light Hearted; Cheerful; Pleasant and Bright; Brings Joy; Bright; Great; Measure of Land
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Old English personal name TÄta, possibly a short form of various compound names with the obscure first element tÄt, or else a nursery formation. This surname is common and widespread in Britain; the chief area of concentration is northeastern England, followed by northern Ireland.
Boy/Male
Arabic
State; Condition
STATE IMMUNITY
STATE IMMUNITY
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Samson.
Girl/Female
Indian
Fragrant
Boy/Male
Indian
Intelligence
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord of goodness, Lord venkateswara
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Bunch of Flowers
Boy/Male
Hindu
Name of Sun
Boy/Male
Indian
Solid, Strong, Secure, Confident, Sure, Certain
Boy/Male
British, English
Variant Spelling of Sissa
Girl/Female
Tamil
Happy, Very pleasing
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Violent; Goddess Parvati
STATE IMMUNITY
STATE IMMUNITY
STATE IMMUNITY
STATE IMMUNITY
STATE IMMUNITY
v. t.
To cover with slate, or with a substance resembling slate; as, to slate a roof; to slate a globe.
n.
Estate, possession.
v. t.
To express the particulars of; to set down in detail or in gross; to represent fully in words; to narrate; to recite; as, to state the facts of a case, one's opinion, etc.
n.
Any body of men united by profession, or constituting a community of a particular character; as, the civil and ecclesiastical states, or the lords spiritual and temporal and the commons, in Great Britain. Cf. Estate, n., 6.
n.
The state; the general body politic; the common-wealth; the general interest; state affairs.
n.
One who states.
n.
The bodies that constitute the legislature of a country; as, the States-general of Holland.
v. t.
To endow with an estate.
a.
Recurring at regular time; not occasional; as, stated preaching; stated business hours.
n.
See Skate, for the foot.
n.
Estate; state.
n.
To break in a stave or the staves of; to break a hole in; to burst; -- often with in; as, to stave a cask; to stave in a boat.
v. t.
To place, as a statue; to form a statue of; to make into a statue.
v. t.
To mark the limits of by stakes; -- with out; as, to stake out land; to stake out a new road.
n.
Rank; condition; quality; as, the state of honor.
imp. & p. p.
of State
v. t.
To pierce or wound with a stake.
v. t.
To exhibit upon a stage, or as upon a stage; to display publicly.
n.
One of several marked phases or periods in the development and growth of many animals and plants; as, the larval stage; pupa stage; zoea stage.
a.
Belonging to the state, or body politic; public.