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Societal transition away from religion
types of secularization and most do not lead to atheism or irreligion, nor are they automatically antithetical to religion. Secularization has different
Secularization
Topics referred to by the same term
Secularization or secularisation may refer to: Secularization (church property), seizure of church property by a state Secularization of monastic estates
Secularization (disambiguation)
Secularization_(disambiguation)
Confiscation of Church property in Switzerland
the secularization of society more broadly. A distinction is drawn between secularization of public law (by the territorial authority), secularization under
Secularization of Church property in Switzerland
Secularization_of_Church_property_in_Switzerland
Legislation concerning the separation of church and state
The Mexican Secularization Act of 1833, officially called the Decree for the Secularization of the Missions of California, was an act passed by the Congress
Mexican Secularization Act of 1833
Mexican_Secularization_Act_of_1833
State seizing of church property
Secularization is the confiscation of church property by a government, such as in the suppression of monasteries. The term is often used to specifically
Secularization (church property)
Secularization_(church_property)
Movement in the Philippines under Spanish colonial administration
petitioned for Charles III to put an end to secularization policy. The Spanish government revoked its secularization policy in 1826, despite the Holy See's
Secularization movement in the Philippines
Secularization_movement_in_the_Philippines
State of being separate from religion
secularity or secularization, most do not lead to irreligiosity. Linguistically, a process by which anything becomes secular is named secularization, though
Secularity
1803 resolution of the Imperial Diet of the Holy Roman Empire
broad principles outlined in the Treaty of Lunéville of 1801. The law secularized nearly 70 ecclesiastical states and abolished 45 imperial cities to compensate
Reichsdeputationshauptschluss
Absence, indifference to, rejection of or hostility towards religion
beliefs and their replacement with more scientific/naturalistic outlooks (secularization hypothesis). According to Ronald Inglehart, this trend seems likely
Irreligion
Christmas ideological, political and religious disputes
Christmas is the Christian celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ, which, in Western Christian churches, is held annually on 25 December. For centuries
Christmas_controversies
Proliferation or growth of religion
religion after a period of secularization. The theory of desecularization is a reaction to the theory known as the secularization thesis, which posits a gradual
Desecularization
Process of separation of knowledge from its divine source
In traditionalist philosophy, desacralization of knowledge or secularization of knowledge is the process of separation of knowledge from its perceived
Desacralization_of_knowledge
Christian church based in Rome
rapid demographic growth in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, as well as secularization in parts of Europe and North America. Catholic doctrine is rooted in
Catholic_Church
Adherence to spirituality without religious adherence
popularity of the 'yoga' in the West is integrally linked to secularization. This secularization began in India in the 1930s, when yoga teachers began to
Secular_spirituality
Act of removing a religious blessing
Deconsecration, also referred to as decommissioning or secularization (a term also used for the external confiscation of church property), is the removal
Deconsecration
The cultural suppression in Tibet refers to a range of policies and actions carried out by the People's Republic of China that critics and human rights
Cultural_repression_in_Tibet
Former Roman Catholic diocese in Konstanz, Germany
Freiburg im Breisgau, part of Further Austria. The Coalition Wars and the secularization of 1803 brought profound changes. The Prince-Bishopric of Constance
Diocese_of_Constance
contemporary sociologist to reject the secularization theory outright. Martin even proposed that the concept of secularization be eliminated from social scientific
Sociology_of_religion
City in California, United States
largest of all the Californian missions, but following the Mexican secularization act of 1833 the mission and its community declined. Following the U
Oceanside,_California
Last governor of Alta California (1801–1894)
Provisional regulation for the secularization of the missions), which secularized ten missions and created plans to secularize the rest. It created a comisionado
Pío_Pico
German philosopher (1897–1973)
philosopher best known for his critiques of historicism and his analysis of secularization in modern thought. A student of Martin Heidegger and Edmund Husserl
Karl_Löwith
City in California, United States
was secularized within a few years after 1833. Even before secularization, the Native American population had declined. Following secularization, mission
Santa_Cruz,_California
District in Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg im Breisgau
The village Günterstal is the southernmost district of Freiburg im Breisgau. It is located in the so-called Bohrer-Tal area (where the craft of "Deichel-Bohrer"
Günterstal
American sociologist of religion (1934–2022)
the most vocal critics of theories of secularization. In 1999, he published an article entitled “Secularization, R.I.P.” that became both famous and controversial
Rodney_Stark
Traditionalist branches of Judaism
and was much shaped by a conscious struggle against the pressures of secularization, acculturation and rival alternatives. The strictly observant Orthodox
Orthodox_Judaism
Roman Catholic church in Bulacan, Philippines
Saint Francis of Assisi Parish Church, commonly known as Meycauayan Church or locally as Simbahan sa Bayan, is a Roman Catholic church located in Meycauayan
Meycauayan_Church
19th-century Franciscan mission in California
passage of the Mexican secularization act of 1833. Governor Figueroa issued a regulation (Reglamento Provisional para la secularization de las Misiones) on
Mission_San_Francisco_Solano
18th to 19th-century Catholic religious outposts in California
of Alta California. The First Mexican Republic secularized the missions with the Mexican Secularization Act of 1833, which emancipated indigenous peoples
Spanish missions in California
Spanish_missions_in_California
Celebration honouring mothers
the city of León interpreted the government's actions as an effort to secularize the holiday and to promote a more active role for women in society. They
Mother's_Day
Student service organization and historic building at Yale University
Dwight Hall at Yale, formally the Dwight Hall Center for Public Service and Social Justice, is a student-run nonprofit organization at Yale University
Dwight_Hall_at_Yale
Paris-based international Jewish organization
religious leaders still questioned and lamented secularization. Similarly, the AIU attempted to secularize the Jewish legal systems in North Africa. Before
Alliance Israélite Universelle
Alliance_Israélite_Universelle
City in California, United States
the headquarters of the Californian mission system, until the Mexican secularization act of 1833, when the area was divided into rancho grants. The settlement
Carmel-by-the-Sea,_California
Sociologist and professor of sociology and secular studies (born 1969)
secularity and is the author of eight books, including Beyond Doubt: The Secularization of Society (2023) What It Means to Be Moral: Why Religion Is Not Necessary
Phil_Zuckerman
Abbey in Aurillac, France
the Hundred Years' War; with the modern era a slow and imperceptible secularization took place with the abandonment of the cloister and the communal dormitory
Aurillac_Abbey
1775–1846 Spanish and Mexican land grants
within the San Joaquin Valley. When the Missions were secularized per the Mexican Secularization Act of 1833, a secular administrator ("mayor domo") was
Ranchos_of_California
Cultural monument in Nevşehir Province, Turkey
Bektash Veli. After his death, his mausoleum was built here. Before the secularization of Turkey in 1925, the complex was home to the pir evi ("pir's house")
Haji_Bektash_Veli_Complex
Revolt of the Islamists against the secularization in Turkey
Region of Turkey, on 23 December 1930. Islamists rebelled against the secularization of Turkey by Atatürk and beheaded Mustafa Fehmi Kubilay, a teacher who
Menemen_Incident
Religions that originated in East, South and Southeast Asia
The Eastern religions are the religions which originated in East, South and Southeast Asia and thus have dissimilarities with Western and African religions
Eastern_religions
British sociologist and Anglican priest (1929–2019)
landmark text in the history of secularization studies. He has continued to contribute to the conversation about secularization and the resilience of religion
David_Martin_(sociologist)
Capital of the Eastern Roman and Ottoman empires
simple cross: an example of iconoclast art in the Hagia Irene Church in Istanbul, which was secularized and today serves as a museum and concert hall.
Constantinople
French constitutional principle of state secularism
end of the 19th century, the word laïcité has been synonymous with secularization—among countries where the Catholic Church had retained its influence—meaning
Secularism_in_France
American sociologist (1929–2017)
predicted the all-encompassing secularization of the world. He has admitted to his own miscalculations about secularization, concluding that the existence
Peter_L._Berger
Reviving of religion or spirituality
domains of life and thought. It has been termed as the "alter ego" of secularization, which is "a theory claiming that religion loses its holds in modern
Resacralization
The law on the secularization of monastic estates in Romania was proposed in December 1863 by Domnitor Alexandru Ioan Cuza and approved by the Parliament
Secularization of monastic estates in Romania
Secularization_of_monastic_estates_in_Romania
Mexican governor of Alta California (?–1871)
and replaced Echeandía on January 14, 1833. Figueroa continued the secularization of missions and giving out of Mexican land grants. Echeandía as the
José_María_de_Echeandía
Historical state (1525–1701)
Książęce) was a duchy in the region of Prussia established as a result of secularization of the Monastic Prussia, the territory that remained under the control
Duchy_of_Prussia
Historical period and socio-cultural norm or attitude
rise of capitalism, as well as shifts in attitudes associated with secularization, liberalization, modernization, and post-industrial life. By the late
Modernity
Iravani, Ganjavi, Gorjestani, Nakhjevani, and Lankarani. Among many other secularization and modernization reforms, surnames were enforced by Reza Shah, following
Persian_name
Protestant denomination in the Netherlands
than one minister), meaning that 72% of congregations had a minister. Secularization, or the decline in religiosity, first became noticeable after 1960 in
Protestant Church in the Netherlands
Protestant_Church_in_the_Netherlands
Church in Cologne, Germany
The Great Saint Martin Church (German: Groß Sankt Martin, mostly shortened to Groß St. Martin, pronounced [ˈɡʁoːs ˌzaŋkt ˈmaʁtiːn] or [- maʁˈtiːn] ; Kölsch:
Great St. Martin Church, Cologne
Great_St._Martin_Church,_Cologne
rule and also the ongoing secularization. Over the last several decades, Protestant practice has been declining as secularization has increased. According
Protestantism_by_country
neighbouring secular principalities. Only three survived a tide of secularization as theocracies: the Archbishopric of Regensburg, which was raised from
Catholic_Church_in_Germany
West Germanic language spoken by Ashkenazis
the other.[page needed] General Soviet denationalization programs and secularization policies also led to a further lack of enrollment and funding; the last
Yiddish
Official promotion of atheism by a government
world, the dynamics of secularization and religionization are even more complex. The largest-scale experiments in secularization — state atheisms — have
State_atheism
Pakistan was founded on the concept of the two-nation theory, which was largely based on Muslim nationalism. The Zia-ul-Haq administration in the 1980s
Secularism_in_Pakistan
His abolition of the caliphate and many other reforms that secularized Turkey made Atatürk the target of Islamist conspiracy theories.
List_of_conspiracy_theories
Queen of France from 1774 to 1792
intellectuals in Naples, allowed Neapolitan bishops wide latitude to halt the secularization of the country, and offered succor to the overflowing number of émigrés
Marie_Antoinette
Ethnoreligious group of the Levant
Deconstruction Objectivism Secular humanism Secular religion Secular theology Secularization Separation of church and state Unaffiliated Overviews and lists Abrahamic
Druze
of the development that has been described as the secularization process. [...] The secularization processes in the Western world involve a partial replacement
Decline of Christianity in the Western world
Decline_of_Christianity_in_the_Western_world
Culture of Jews and Judaism
all aspects of Jewish life, and infused culture. Since the advent of secularization, wholly secular Jewish culture emerged likewise. There has not been
Jewish_culture
City in California, United States
also known as Mission Indians. This continued until the mission was secularized by the Mexican Government in 1833. A large majority of the Tamien died
San_Jose,_California
Group of three Filipino martyred priests
the campaign against the Spanish friars. They fought on the issues of secularization in the Philippines that led to the conflict of religious and church
Gomburza
Island of the river Rhine, Germany
administration. In 1802, the monastery was expropriated in the course of secularization on the left bank of the Rhine. By imperial order of October 30, 1804
Nonnenwerth
The forested areas remained the property of the church until they were secularized after the French Revolution. After Napoleon, the border between France
Mundat_Forest
2007 book by Charles Taylor
interview with The Utopian. In his book, Taylor explores the concept of 'secularization' in the modern West and its relationship to religion, examining the
A_Secular_Age
Venezuelan priest (born 1948)
of the Synod of Bishops, Sosa spoke of secularization, saying "What if we try, instead, to look at secularization as a sign of the times, in the theological
Arturo_Sosa
Ecclesiastical principality in the Holy Roman Empire
Truchsess von Waldburg, who converted to Calvinism in 1582, attempted to secularize the archbishopric. His marriage the following February, and his refusal
Electorate_of_Cologne
Major independent Christian denomination based in the Philippines
unjust executions of José Rizal and Filipino priests and prominent secularization movement figures Mariano Gomez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, during
Philippine_Independent_Church
German Catholic archbishop (1732–1812)
Salzburg from 1772 until 1803, when the prince-archbishopric was secularized. After secularization, Colloredo fled to Vienna and remained the non-resident archbishop
Hieronymus_von_Colloredo
18th-century Spanish mission in California
Fray Ibarra opposed the appointment of del Valle as mayordomo. After secularization, many of the former neophytes returned to their lands while others remained
Mission San Fernando Rey de España
Mission_San_Fernando_Rey_de_España
tradition in Albania, all governments in the 20th century pursued a secularization policy, most aggressively under the People's Socialist Republic of Albania
Islam_in_Albania
State were officially separated with the Constitution of 1918. However, secularization measures had already been implemented by the 1870s. Article 5 of the
Religion_in_Uruguay
gereformeerd), 5% were Muslims, and 5% adherents of other religions. Secularization, or the decline in religious adherence and practice, first became noticeable
History of religion in the Netherlands
History_of_religion_in_the_Netherlands
1960s period of socio-political change in Quebec, Canada
following the 1960 Quebec general election. This period was marked by the secularization of the government, the establishment of a state-administered welfare
Quiet_Revolution
Country in northern Europe
Puga-Gonzalez, Ivan (2 June 2021). "Belief in God, Confidence in the Church and Secularization in Scandinavia". Secularism and Nonreligion. 10 (1): 5. doi:10.5334/snr
Finland
1934 Turkish law regulating surname adoption
to population registries and censuses, but would heighten as growing secularization and modernization efforts required their allocation in state-sponsored
Surname_Law_(Turkey)
Theories about the persistence or resurgence of religion
"desecularization" cannot be taken as a serious "countertheory" to secularization as long as it does not respond to the original theoretical formulations
Postsecularism
U.S. state
system, which controlled much of the best land in Alta California, was secularized by 1834 and became the property of the Mexican government. The governor
California
Fictional character in Icelandic folklore
43–49. Parsons, Katelin Marit (2026). "Stefán Ólafsson of Vallanes: A Secularized Poet?". In Eggertsdóttir, Margrét; Parsons, Katelin Marit; Guðmundsdóttir
Grýla
City in California, United States
by Junípero Serra, giving the city its name. Following the Mexican secularization act of 1833, San Buenaventura was granted by Governor Pío Pico to Don
Ventura,_California
German state from 1871 to 1918
Pomerania, Saxony, etc.). Confessional prejudices were common until secularization and internal migration broke down the old barriers. In the East, confession
German_Empire
independence from Spain in 1821, the Mexican Congress passed a Decree for the Secularization of the Missions of the Californias on August 17, 1833, in an effort
Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando
Rancho_Ex-Mission_San_Fernando
Settlement which became San Francisco in 1847
Following Mexican independence in 1820 and secularization of the missions by the Mexican Secularization Act of 1833, actual land grants (conferring ownership)
Yerba_Buena,_California
1839 Ottoman edict that ushered in the Tanzimât period
relationship was developed. This helped the state run more efficiently. Began secularization of the state through which a new legal system of the state emerged.
Edict_of_Gülhane
Subregion of the Asian continent
(1997). The Furies of Indian Communalism: Religion, Modernity, and Secularization. Verso. ISBN 978-1-85984-016-0. Archived from the original on 29 July
Southeast_Asia
Intentional act causing one's own death
reason and nature to sanction suicide in certain circumstances. The secularization of society that began during the Enlightenment questioned traditional
Suicide
Medieval military order
Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg converted to Lutheranism in 1525. He secularized the Order's remaining Prussian territories and assumed from his uncle
Teutonic_Order
Country in West Asia
disempowerment of local lords in the highland regions. They even attempted to secularize the Yemeni society, while Yemenite Jews came to perceive themselves in
Yemen
State of the Holy Roman Empire (1102–1803)
The duchy was held by the archbishop-electors of Cologne until its secularization in 1803. The duchy roughly comprised the territory of the present-day
Duchy_of_Westphalia
Christians, Protestants, Buddhists and Hindus, as well as proselytism and secularization, religious pluralism in Italy has increased in the 21st century. Italy
Religion_in_Italy
Opposition to religious authority
the Catholic Church and the state Secular humanism Secular liberalism Secularization Suppression of the Jesuits Thomas Paine Voltaire Weight, Alexa. "God
Anti-clericalism
State order of Portugal established in 1175
Portuguese military orders. It was formerly established in 1175 and secularized in 1789. The Order was founded in 1172, and has its origins in the Order
Military Order of Saint James of the Sword
Military_Order_of_Saint_James_of_the_Sword
Political party in Romania
Christianization of Romania Usage of Church Slavonic Nifon Rusailă [ro] Secularization of monastic estates Relationship with the Iron Guard Romanian Orthodox
AUR_Alliance
Study of the methods used by historians
through it from end to end and enjoyed it all." Gibbon was pivotal in the secularizing and 'desanctifying' of history, remarking, for example, on the "want
Historiography
1890–1911 European style of art and architecture
original on 10 May 2004. Retrieved 12 January 2020. Mishofy, Alec (2019). Secularizing the Sacred. Brill. Richard (10 September 2018). "Les tombes du Père Lachaise
Art_Nouveau
City in California, United States
earthquake in 1812 caused the community to decline. Following the Mexican secularization act of 1833, the mission village officially became a town and was briefly
San Juan Capistrano, California
San_Juan_Capistrano,_California
Monastery in Ettal, Bavaria, Germany
monasteries in the Alpine region. The abbey was dissolved in 1803 during the secularization of church property in Bavaria. The site was acquired in 1809 by Josef
Ettal_Abbey
Extreme form of authoritarianism and a theoretical concept
Gnostic search for a civil theology", an epilogue of the process of secularization which began with the Reformation and led to a world deprived of any
Totalitarianism
Canadian philosopher (born 1931)
Age which argues against the secularization thesis of Max Weber, Steve Bruce, and others. In rough form, the secularization thesis holds that as modernity
Charles_Taylor_(philosopher)
Abrahamic new religious movement originating in 1930s Jamaica
Stephen A. (1998). "International Reggae, Democratic Socialism, and the Secularization of the Rastafarian Movement, 1972–1980". Popular Music and Society.
Rastafari
SECULARIZATION
SECULARIZATION
SECULARIZATION
SECULARIZATION
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian
The Arabian Traveler
Girl/Female
Indian
Goddess name
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
A Beautiful Voice
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Friend of Lotus; Bee; Sun
Female
English
Medieval form of English Cecilia, CECILY means "blind."
Boy/Male
Arabic, French, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Jewish, Marathi, Muslim
Brave; Handsome; Song
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Wife of Vishnu
Boy/Male
English
Smart
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Telugu
Lord Vishnu / Shiva
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Wishes
SECULARIZATION
SECULARIZATION
SECULARIZATION
SECULARIZATION
SECULARIZATION
n.
The act of rendering secular, or the state of being rendered secular; conversion from regular or monastic to secular; conversion from religious to lay or secular possession and uses; as, the secularization of church property.