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In authentication, risk-based authentication is a non-static authentication system which takes into account the profile (IP address, User-Agent HTTP header
Risk-based_authentication
Information used by computer systems to represent an external agent
business-to-business authentication is designed for security, but user-to-business authentication is designed for simplicity. Authentication techniques include
Digital_identity
Cloud-based identity management service
certificate-based authentication. It also includes several security features, such as conditional access policies, risk-based authentication, and identity
Microsoft_Entra_ID
Approach to restricting system access to authorized users
Relationship-based access control (ReBAC) RSBAC Capability-based security Risk-based authentication AGDLP (Microsoft's recommendations for implementing RBAC)
Role-based_access_control
Two parties authenticating each other at the same time
Mutual authentication or two-way authentication is the simultaneous and reciprocal authentication of two parties. It is part of authentication protocols
Mutual_authentication
Access control paradigm
Role-based access control (RBAC) Relationship-based access control (ReBAC) Rule-set-based access control (RSBAC) Capability-based security Risk-based authentication
Attribute-based access control
Attribute-based_access_control
Act of proving an assertion
indicating a person or thing's identity, authentication is the process of verifying that identity. Authentication is relevant to multiple fields. In art
Authentication
Method of computer access control
Multi-factor authentication (MFA), also known as two-factor authentication (2FA), is an electronic authentication method in which a user is granted access
Multi-factor_authentication
American cybersecurity technology company
security company based in Boston, Massachusetts. Services include an internet fraud prevention platform, multi-factor authentication tools and electronic
OneSpan
Graph-based access control (GBAC) Lattice (order) Mandatory access control (MAC) Risk-based authentication Role-based access control (RBAC) Rule-set-based access
Lattice-based_access_control
Authentication scheme
services without re-entering authentication factors. It should not be confused with same-sign on (Directory Server Authentication), often accomplished by using
Single_sign-on
Type of access control
control (MAC) Role-based access control (RBAC) Rule-set-based access control (RSBAC) Capability-based security Risk-based authentication XACML (eXtensible
Discretionary_access_control
control (MAC) Relationship-based access control Risk-based authentication Role-based access control (RBAC) Rule-set-based access control (RSBAC) Schaller
Graph-based_access_control
Feature of firewall software
(MAC) Role-based access control (RBAC) Rule-set-based access control (RSBAC) Capability-based security Risk-based authentication "Context-Based Access Control"
Context-based_access_control
Requirement for payment service providers in the EU
imply a risk of payment fraud or other abuses. Article 4(30) defines "strong customer authentication" itself (as multi-factor authentication): an authentication
Strong customer authentication
Strong_customer_authentication
Global data and analytics company
ThreatMetrix, a digital identity and risk-based authenticator platform, in February 2018. In May 2019, LexisNexis Risk Solutions purchased Lumen, an integrated
LexisNexis_Risk_Solutions
Type of access control
Rule-set-based access control (RSBAC) Bell–LaPadula model Capability-based security Clark–Wilson model Graham–Denning model Multiple single-level Risk-based authentication
Mandatory_access_control
Public-key authentication standard
and outlines what WebAuthn authenticators should do. It solves many of the issues of traditional password-based authentication by verifying the user's identity
WebAuthn
Video game distribution platform
developers through Steamworks. Steam Guard also offers two-factor, risk-based authentication that uses a one-time verification code sent to a verified email
Steam_(service)
Process of establishing confidence in user identity
authentication is the process of establishing confidence in user identities electronically presented to an information system. Digital authentication
Electronic_authentication
Financial crime
cardholder Investigating fraudulent activity Strong Authentication measures such as: Multi-factor Authentication, verifying that the account is being accessed
Credit_card_fraud
Network security model
Systems Machine Learning Risk-based Authentication "Special Webcast: Real-Time Adaptive Security: Proactively Mitigating Risks". Retrieved 6 January 2009
Real-time_adaptive_security
US trading card grading company
Professional Sports Authenticator (PSA) is a US based sports card and trading card grading company. The PSA was founded in July 1991 by David Hall, owner
Professional Sports Authenticator
Professional_Sports_Authenticator
Access control framework for Linux kernel
Mandatory access control (MAC) Role-based access control (RBAC) Capability-based security Risk-based authentication Computer security Security-Enhanced
RSBAC
Protocol to secure payment card transactions
financial authorization process with online authentication. This additional security authentication is based on a three-domain model (hence the "3-D" in
3-D_Secure
Computer network management and monitoring protocol
request is then authenticated using the community string. If the authentication fails, a trap is generated indicating an authentication failure and the
Simple Network Management Protocol
Simple_Network_Management_Protocol
Secure network protocol suite
Protocol (IP) networks. It supports network-level peer authentication, data origin authentication, data integrity, data confidentiality (encryption), and
IPsec
Cryptographic network protocol
components: the transport layer provides server authentication, confidentiality, and integrity; the user authentication protocol validates the user to the server;
Secure_Shell
Form of message tampering
attacks can be prevented or detected by two means: authentication and tamper detection. Authentication provides some degree of certainty that a given message
Man-in-the-middle_attack
Cryptography algorithm
chaining message authentication code (counter with CBC-MAC; CCM) is an authenticated encryption algorithm designed to provide both authentication and confidentiality
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
Standard for assessing computer system vulnerabilities
discovered vulnerability. The authentication (Au) metric describes the number of times that an attacker must authenticate to a target to exploit it. It
Common Vulnerability Scoring System
Common_Vulnerability_Scoring_System
Selective restriction of access
factor of authentication is now recognized: someone you know, whereby another person who knows you can provide a human element of authentication in situations
Access_control
Text used for user authentication to prove identity
activated by the use of a password or two-factor authentication. Biometric methods promise authentication based on unalterable personal characteristics, but
Password
Application for storing and managing passwords
passwords. Password managers can integrate multi-factor authentication and passkey authentication. The first password manager software designed to securely
Password_manager
Multi-disciplinary methods for decision support systems security
privacy. Authentication refers to the verification of the validity of a transmission, originator, or process within an information system. Authentication provides
Information_assurance
Hardware authentication device by Yubico
The YubiKey is a collection of hardware authentication devices manufactured by Yubico AB (Nasdaq Stockholm: YUBICO), a company founded in 2007 by Jakob
YubiKey
access authentication and Digest access authentication. 401 semantically means "unauthenticated", the user does not have valid authentication credentials
List_of_HTTP_status_codes
present in an environment based on active identity management policies, authentication configurations, and active authenticated "sessions" between objects
Attack_path_management
Extension of a private network across a public one
the risk of successful data sniffing attacks. Data packets travelling across a VPN may also be secured by tamper proofing via a message authentication code
Virtual_private_network
American nonprofit library cooperative
infrastructure into classification, discovery, interlibrary loan, access authentication, digital collections, and linked-data services. The organization formally
OCLC
Multi-factor authentication hardware token
developed by RSA for performing two-factor authentication for a user to a network resource. The RSA SecurID authentication mechanism consists of a "token"—either
RSA_SecurID
Cryptographic protocols for securing data in transit
attacks weaken or break RC4 used in SSL/TLS. Authentication only, no encryption. A message authentication code (MAC) is used for data integrity. HMAC is
Transport_Layer_Security
Systems to give users appropriate access
preventing unauthorized access. Implementing robust authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA), regular security audits, and strict access
Identity and access management
Identity_and_access_management
Data item stored in a browser by a website
payment card numbers for subsequent use. Authentication cookies are commonly used by web servers to authenticate that a user is logged in, and with which
HTTP_cookie
Swiss technology company
releases a new app for two-factor authentication". TechCrunch. Retrieved 15 August 2025. "Introducing Proton Authenticator – secure 2FA, your way". Proton
Proton_AG
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
public key cryptography, like Kerberos and the 3GPP Mobile Network Authentication Structure, are also inherently secure against attack by a quantum computer
Post-quantum_cryptography
Security protocol for wireless computer networks
supports various authentication methods like Extensible Authentication Protocol, which uses certificates for secure authentication, and PEAP, creating
Wi-Fi_Protected_Access
Open standard for authorization
rather than an authentication protocol. Using OAuth on its own as an authentication method may be referred to as pseudo-authentication. The following
OAuth
Function of specifying access rights and privileges to resources
from (authenticated) consumers shall be approved (granted) or disapproved (rejected). Authorization should not be confused with authentication, which
Authorization
Large-scale cybersecurity incident in 2024
insufficient enforcement of multi-factor authentication across cloud platforms. It also raised concerns over third-party risk and the need for tighter access controls
Snowflake_data_breach
Set of security requirements for card processors
store, process, and transmit cardholder data (CHD) and/or sensitive authentication data (SAD). PCI DSS includes guidelines regarding components of organizations'
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard
Payment_Card_Industry_Data_Security_Standard
Authentication invoking a web API
entails authenticating programs or users who are invoking a web API. Along the ease of API integSeemadifficulties of ensuring proper authentication (AuthN)
Web_API_security
Simple email-validation system designed to detect email spoofing
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is an email authentication method that allows checking whether the sending mail server is authorized to originate mail from
Sender_Policy_Framework
Cryptographic hardware
Standard (AES) keys. Authentication on power up of the drive must still take place within the CPU via either a software pre-boot authentication environment (i
Hardware-based full disk encryption
Hardware-based_full_disk_encryption
System that can issue, distribute and verify digital certificates
certificate authentication, typically employed when logging on at a web server. The latter is designated as client certificate authentication, for instance
Public_key_infrastructure
Ways of controlling usage of a computer
access request from an already authenticated subject, based on what the subject is authorized to access. Authentication and access control are often combined
Computer_access_control
Device used to gain access to restricted resource
supporting authentication. A bidirectional connection for transactional data interchange serves for the most sophisticated authentication procedures.
Security_token
Type of social engineering
risk, though the risk can be mitigated. Photo-based passwords have been criticized as easy to hack due to users choosing predictable authentication information
Shoulder surfing (computer security)
Shoulder_surfing_(computer_security)
Biometrics from keystrokes
Characteristics for Authentication", issued 2024 US patent 9430626, John D. Rome, Bethann G. Rome and Thomas E. Ketcham II, "User authentication via known text
Keystroke_dynamics
Hash functions
secure pseudorandom function and can also be used as a secure message authentication code (MAC). SipHash, however, is not a general purpose key-less hash
SipHash
Systems security model
applications and services based on the confidence of user and device identity and device status in combination with user authentication. The zero trust architecture
Zero_trust_architecture
Open and decentralized authentication protocol standard
standard and decentralized authentication protocol promoted by the non-profit OpenID Foundation. It allows users to be authenticated by co-operating sites
OpenID
Free and open-source virtual private network software
several ways to authenticate peers with each other. OpenVPN offers pre-shared keys, certificate-based, and username/password-based authentication. Preshared
OpenVPN
Telephone eavesdropping device
(MITM) attack. The 3G wireless standard offers some risk mitigation due to mutual authentication required from both the handset and the network. However
IMSI-catcher
Web page displayed to new users of a network
authentication is possible using WISPr, an XML-based authentication protocol for this purpose, or MAC-based authentication or authentications based on
Captive_portal
critical for improving the website authentication market in Europe and successfully introducing qualified website authentication certificates as a means to increase
Qualified website authentication certificate
Qualified_website_authentication_certificate
Any attack based on information gained from the implementation of a computer system
correlations can remain and compromise security. Physical enclosures can reduce the risk of surreptitious installation of microphones (to counter acoustic attacks)
Side-channel_attack
Network attack in which valid data transmission is repeated or delayed
security. Authentication and sign-on by clients using Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) are susceptible to replay attacks when using Password Authentication Protocol
Replay_attack
American enterprise software company
Multi-factor authentication, and a Password Manager. The platform supports a variety of access protocols, including LDAP and Cloud RADIUS, for authentication across
JumpCloud
Metrics related to human characteristics
related to human characteristics and features. Biometric authentication (or realistic authentication) is used in computer science as a form of identification
Biometrics
Standard for multi-factor authentication
two-factor authentication (2FA) using specialized Universal Serial Bus (USB), near-field communication (NFC), or Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices based on similar
Universal_2nd_Factor
World Wide Web Consortium cryptography standard
provide authentication from within itself instead of having to rely on transport-layer authentication to secret keying material to authenticate user access
Web_Cryptography_API
One-time password used in banking
traditional single-password authentication. TANs provide additional security because they act as a form of two-factor authentication (2FA). If the physical
Transaction authentication number
Transaction_authentication_number
Mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity of digital documents
enable a fraudulent party to fake a valid signature. Note that these authentication, non-repudiation etc. properties rely on the secret key not having been
Digital_signature
Message-digest hashing algorithm
Canetti, Ran (February 1997). "RFC 2104 – HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication". Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC2104. Archived from
MD5
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
complexity (e.g., requiring a CAPTCHA answer or employing multi-factor authentication), and/or locking accounts out after unsuccessful login attempts.[page needed]
Brute-force_attack
User account for Microsoft-owned services
Microsoft Authenticator, a FIDO2 security token or by using Windows Hello. Users can also set up two-factor authentication by getting a time-based, single-use
Microsoft_account
EU electronic identification regulation
The eIDAS Regulation (electronic IDentification, Authentication and trust Services") is a European Union regulation with the stated purpose of governing
EIDAS
Digital asset using a distributed ledger
rush, even as risks linger". Reuters. Archived from the original on 9 August 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2026. Guidance for a Risk-Based Approach to Virtual
Cryptocurrency
proving its identity. Authentication Login Password Passphrase Password strength One-time password Multi-factor authentication Identity management Identity
List of cybersecurity information technologies
List_of_cybersecurity_information_technologies
Computer on a network used to access a separate security zone
using a firewall or router. Using higher security authentication, such as multi-factor authentication. Keeping the operating system and software on the
Jump_server
Open-source password management software
an email-address and password combination, biometric authentication, two-factor authentication (2FA), passkey, single sign-on, or passwordless login
Bitwarden
Discerning a password via screen smudges
A new proposed authentication method called Fractal-Based Authentication Technique (FBAT) uses Sierpinski’s Triangle to authenticate users. This process
Smudge_attack
Protecting information by mitigating risk
(eye) scans Strong authentication requires providing more than one type of authentication information (two-factor authentication). The username is the
Information_security
Cryptography based on quantum mechanical phenomena
the system as a whole when authentication keys that are not information-theoretic secure are used" (if the authentication key is not information-theoretically
Quantum_cryptography
VoIP key-agreement protocol
not being detected. ZRTP provides a second layer of authentication against a MitM attack, based on a form of key continuity. It does this by caching
ZRTP
Cloud security software
cloud-based resources are accessed. CASBs consolidate multiple types of security policy enforcement. Example security policies include authentication, single
Cloud_access_security_broker
require user authentication over the Internet or the telephone employ Identity interrogation as a substitute for stronger authentication methods such
Identity_interrogation
System that regulates the formation of blocks on a blockchain
system. Hash sequences Puzzles Diffie-Hellman–based puzzle Moderate Mbound Hokkaido Cuckoo Cycle Merkle tree–based Guided tour puzzle protocol partial match
Proof_of_work
7th episode of the 4th season of Mr. Robot
"407 Proxy Authentication Required" is the seventh episode of the fourth season of the American thriller drama television series Mr. Robot, and the 39th
407 Proxy Authentication Required (Mr. Robot)
407_Proxy_Authentication_Required_(Mr._Robot)
Any risk related to information technology
Information technology risk, IT risk, IT-related risk, or cyber risk is any risk relating to information technology. While information has long been appreciated
IT_risk
Protection measures for a system
firewall to be bypassed to reduce an attack. User Authentication: Organizations may use two-factor authentication, may force users to change password annually
Security_controls
Access management software
Adaptive Risk scoring, setup Multi-factor authentication or to create custom authentication modules based on the JAAS (Java Authentication and Authorization
OpenAM
Concept in information security
ensure layered defense. Authentication, authorization, and accounting Confidentiality, integrity, and availability Authentication and password security
Defense_in_depth_(computing)
Component of Secure Shell
protocol version 2 DSA authentication identity of the user. The $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa.pub file contains the DSA public key for authentication when you are using
Ssh-keygen
Email authentication method designed to associate a domain with a message stream
DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) is an email authentication method that permits a person, role, or organization that owns the signing domain to claim
DomainKeys_Identified_Mail
Number of standards related to cryptography
systems that are based on passwords FIPS PUB 113 Computer Data Authentication 1985, specifies a Data Authentication Algorithm (DAA) based on DES, adopted
Cryptography_standards
Legal term
integrity and origin of data. An authentication that can be said to be genuine with high confidence. An authentication that the data is available under
Non-repudiation
Approach to banking products
provision of a front-end user interface to the end-customers including user authentication and other features. The bank would appear as any other online bank where
Banking_as_a_service
Cybersecurity method
UNIX Identity Consolidation replaces native UNIX systems' individual authentication and authorization with a more secure, integrated identity management
Privileged_access_management
RISK BASED-AUTHENTICATION
RISK BASED-AUTHENTICATION
Female
Greek
(ΛάÏισα) Greek name derived from the name of an ancient city, possibly LÃRISA means "fortified town."Â
Boy/Male
Czechoslovakian
Male
Icelandic
Icelandic form of German Frideric, FRIÃRIK means "peaceful ruler."
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia)
English (East Anglia) : metonymic occupational name for a fisherman or fish seller, or a nickname for someone supposedly resembling a fish in some way, from Old Norse fiskr ‘fish’ (cognate with Old English fisc).
Boy/Male
Swedish English
Fisherman.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian
Smiling
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Brave
Girl/Female
Latin
Laughter.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Rich 2.German : from a short form of any of the Germanic personal names formed with rīc ‘power(ful)’.
Boy/Male
Hindu
To rise, Honest
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Smiling
Boy/Male
Tamil
To rise, Honest
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Priske in Cornwall.
Boy/Male
Afghan, African, Arabic, Australian, Chinese, Greek, Indian, Muslim
Brave
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : unexplained. The name has been recorded in Glastonbury, Somerset, since 1705.Perhaps a variant of Czech LiÅ¡ka, (see Liska), Slovak LÃÅ¡ka, or German Liske.
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Rick, RIK means "powerful ruler."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from Old English hrÄ«s ‘brushwood’, or a habitational name from Rise in East Yorkshire, named with this word.Norwegian : habitational name from any of over twenty farmsteads named Rise, from Old Norse hrÃs ‘brushwood’. The name also occurs in Sweden and Denmark.
Girl/Female
British, English
Based
Boy/Male
Muslim
Smiling
Male
English
 Pet form of English Richard, RICK means "powerful ruler."
RISK BASED-AUTHENTICATION
RISK BASED-AUTHENTICATION
Girl/Female
Hindu
A beauty by its blue reflection
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Human Being
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh, Telugu
Lamp of Divine Knowledge
Boy/Male
French
Rule of the peop]e.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Powerful
Girl/Female
Anglo Saxon Norse
Name of a goddess.
Male
Hebrew
(×ֲבִיש×ָלï‹×) Hebrew name ABIYSHALOWM means "father of peace." In the bible, this is the name of the father-in-law of Rehoboam. Also spelled Avishalom and Avshalom.Â
Boy/Male
Indian
Devoted; Faithful
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Pertaining to Makkah
Biblical
same as Zarah
RISK BASED-AUTHENTICATION
RISK BASED-AUTHENTICATION
RISK BASED-AUTHENTICATION
RISK BASED-AUTHENTICATION
RISK BASED-AUTHENTICATION
n.
Spring; source; origin; as, the rise of a stream.
a.
Morally low. Hence: Low-minded; unworthy; without dignity of sentiment; ignoble; mean; illiberal; menial; as, a base fellow; base motives; base occupations.
n.
The distance through which anything rises; as, the rise of the thermometer was ten degrees; the rise of the river was six feet; the rise of an arch or of a step.
n.
A circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood disk; germinal disk, etc.
n.
Wearing, or protected by, bases.
n.
A rustic play; -- called also prisoner's base, prison base, or bars.
n.
To expose to risk, hazard, or peril; to venture; as, to risk goods on board of a ship; to risk one's person in battle; to risk one's fame by a publication.
a.
Reduced; lowered; restrained; as, to speak with bated breath.
n.
A flat, circular plate; as, a disk of metal or paper.
a.
Lively; brisk; frolicsome; frisky.
v. i.
To run about; to frisk; to whisk.
a.
Having a base, or having as a base; supported; as, broad-based.
imp. & p. p.
of Base
a.
Attended with risk or danger; hazardous.
n.
To incur the risk or danger of; as, to risk a battle.
a.
Alloyed with inferior metal; debased; as, base coin; base bullion.
v.
To leave one's bed; to arise; as, to rise early.
a.
Not held by honorable service; as, a base estate, one held by services not honorable; held by villenage. Such a tenure is called base, or low, and the tenant, a base tenant.