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1802 reinstatement of slavery by France
The reinstatement of slavery by Napoleon refers to a series of texts and military events between 1802 and 1804 that restored slavery in French colonies
Reinstatement of slavery by Napoleon
Reinstatement_of_slavery_by_Napoleon
French decree
issued 46 years after the reinstatement of slavery under Napoleon. Promoted by Victor Schœlcher, it definitively abolished slavery in French territories,
Decree of the Abolition of Slavery of April 27, 1848
Decree_of_the_Abolition_of_Slavery_of_April_27,_1848
French general and emperor (1769–1821)
Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was Emperor of the French from
Napoleon
Law reinstating slavery in the French colonial empire
The Law of 20 May 1802 was a decree passed by First Consul Napoleon of the French First Republic on 20 May 1802 that reinstated slavery. It decreed the
Law_of_20_May_1802
2005 book by Claude Ribbe
were subsequently hit by a series of massive slave rebellions. Napoleon, as the person responsible for the reinstatement of slavery after the First French
Napoleon's_Crimes
Legacy of French general and statesman
total military defeat by the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1815, Napoleon has been labeled a conquering military genius. Napoleon lost the last four wars
Legacy_of_Napoleon
Film by Ridley Scott
Napoleon is a 2023 epic historical war film directed and co-produced by Ridley Scott from a screenplay by David Scarpa. Based on the life of Napoleon
Napoleon_(2023_film)
Ownership of people as property
abolished slavery in 1794, but Napoleon reintroduced it in 1802 and permanent abolition did not occur until 1848. In much of the British Empire, slavery was
Slavery
Slavery in the Spanish American viceroyalties included the enslavement, forced labor and peonage of indigenous peoples, Africans, and Asians from the
Slavery in colonial Spanish America
Slavery_in_colonial_Spanish_America
The history of slavery spans many different cultures, nationalities, and religions from ancient times to the present day. Likewise, its victims have come
History_of_slavery
Painting by Marie-Guillemine Benoist
abolition of slavery in 1794 and the reinstatement of slavery in French colonies by Napoleon in 1802, the work has been taken as a symbol of women's emancipation
Portrait_of_Madeleine
Haitian revolutionary and first ruler (1758–1806)
Some historians cite the threat of a French reinvasion and reinstatement of slavery as one of the reasons for the massacre. Dessalines excluded surviving
Jean-Jacques_Dessalines
Empress of the French from 1804 to 1810
wife of Emperor Napoleon I and as such Empress of the French from 18 May 1804 until their marriage was annulled on 10 January 1810. As Napoleon's consort
Joséphine_de_Beauharnais
Historical figure, heroine on French Guadeloupe (c. 1772 – 1802)
against the reinstatement of slavery in Guadeloupe, which culminated in mass suicide in the battle of Matouba. She has become the subject of legend and
La_Mulâtresse_Solitude
Slavery in France, and by extension, the French Empire, covers a wide range of disparate topics. During the Middle Ages, chattel slavery was legal in France
Slavery_in_France
French Army officer (1772–1802)
the abolition of slavery in Saint-Domingue. Napoleon announced his intentions to reinstate slavery in the neighbouring Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
Charles Leclerc (general, born 1772)
Charles_Leclerc_(general,_born_1772)
Slavery in the British and French Caribbean refers to slavery in the parts of the Caribbean dominated by the French Empire or the British Empire. In the
Slavery in the British and French Caribbean
Slavery_in_the_British_and_French_Caribbean
1791–1804 slave revolt in Hispanola
abolition of slavery in the former colony was followed by a successful defense of the freedoms the former slaves had won, and with the collaboration of already
Haitian_Revolution
Movement to end slavery
1735. However, slavery was reinstated in 1751. He also encouraged his friends Granville Sharp, who founded the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade
Abolitionism in the United Kingdom
Abolitionism_in_the_United_Kingdom
Duchess of Parma (r. 1814–1847); Empress of the French (1810–1814)
was Duchess of Parma from 11 April 1814 until her death in 1847. She was Napoleon's second wife and as such Empress of the French and Queen of Italy from
Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma
Marie_Louise,_Duchess_of_Parma
French abolitionist society
abolished slavery and the slave trade and gave the formerly enslaved equal rights. This decision was reversed by Napoleon, who moved to reinstate slavery in
Society of the Friends of the Blacks
Society_of_the_Friends_of_the_Blacks
Art museum in Paris, France
under Napoleon, after the Napoleonic looting of art in Europe, Egypt, and Syria, and the museum was renamed Musée Napoléon, but after Napoleon's abdication
Louvre
French military officer and anti-slavery rebellion leader
the other French colonies, but Napoleon reinstated slavery throughout the French Empire in 1802. The French army, led by Richepanse, drove Delgrès into
Louis_Delgrès
French decree abolishing slavery
The Decree of 29 March 1815 was issued by Emperor Napoleon I, who had previously re-established slavery [fr] in Guadeloupe and Guyana and maintained it
Decree_of_29_March_1815
French law abolishing slavery in all French colonies
Cuba. The Coup of 18 Brumaire and the rise to power of Napoleon led to a reversal of French policies regarding slavery. Initially, Napoleon was indifferent
Law_of_4_February_1794
Book by Tom Reiss
Revolutionary Wars and later in Egypt under Napoleon. Reiss offers insight into slavery and the life of a man of mixed race during the French Colonial Empire
The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal, and the Real Count of Monte Cristo
The_Black_Count:_Glory,_Revolution,_Betrayal,_and_the_Real_Count_of_Monte_Cristo
The Catholic Church and slavery have a long and complicated history. Slavery was practiced and accepted by many cultures and religions around the world
Catholic_Church_and_slavery
Park in Martinique
The acts of vandalism were done on the belief that Joséphine had influenced her husband to issue the Law of 20 May 1802, which reinstated slavery in the
La_Savane
1804 massacre of French people in Haiti
threat of reinvasion and reinstatement of slavery as some of the motives for the massacre. Throughout the early-to-mid nineteenth century, the events of the
1804_Haitian_massacre
Compulsory enrollment into national or military service
Bernard K. (ed.). Possessed by the Right Hand: The Problem of Slavery in Islamic Law and Muslim Cultures. Studies in Global Slavery. Vol. 8. Leiden: Brill
Conscription
Subset of laws regarding chattel slavery and enslaved people
codes were laws relating to slavery and enslaved people, specifically regarding the Atlantic slave trade and chattel slavery in the Americas. Most slave
Slave_codes
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1830 to 1834
expanded the electorate in the United Kingdom, and the Slavery Abolition Act of 1833, which abolished slavery in the British Empire. Born into a prominent family
Charles_Grey,_2nd_Earl_Grey
1789 document of the French Revolution
Jacobins and abolished slavery, including in the colonies of Saint-Domingue and Guadeloupe. However, Napoleon Bonaparte reinstated it in 1802 and attempted
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen
French abolitionist (1795–1858)
was a leader of efforts to abolish slavery in the French Colonies. He was involved in the so-called "Bissette affaire," whose anti-slavery activities begin
Cyrille_Bissette
for his indirect part in the reinstatement of slavery in the French colonies in 1802. He was baptised in the parish of Saint-Laurent, Le Lamentin, Martinique
Magloire_Pélage
from applying the Law of 4 February 1794 and abolishing slavery in Isle de France; the two agents were prevented from disembarking by Malartic and forced
Charles_René_Magon_de_Médine
French Navy officer and politician (1747–1812)
elected at the Council of Five Hundred. He joined the Club de Clichy, a party which supported French colonialism and slavery and harboured Royalist sympathies
Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse
Louis_Thomas_Villaret_de_Joyeuse
French Army officer, colonial administrator and politician
but was charged with treason by Napoleon, who was enraged with the loss of Guadeloupe. Before he could be exonerated by a court, the First French Empire
Jean_Augustin_Ernouf
returned the island to the French under the Treaty of Amiens. Napoléon Bonaparte reinstated slavery in the French colonies, though in Martinique it had
History_of_Martinique
National anthem of France
status under Napoleon I, and the song was banned outright by Louis XVIII and Charles X, being reinstated only briefly after the July Revolution of 1830. During
La_Marseillaise
1789–1799 sociopolitical change in France
November 1795 by the Directory. Its instability ended in 1799 with the coup of 18 Brumaire and the establishment of the Consulate, with Napoleon Bonaparte
French_Revolution
Queen of the United Kingdom from 1837 to 1901
assassinate Napoleon III with a bomb made in England. The ensuing diplomatic crisis destabilised the government, and Palmerston resigned. Derby was reinstated as
Queen_Victoria
Historical system of licensed prostitution
originated the First French Empire of Emperor Napoleon I, who introduced it in France and the countries occupied by France in the early 19th century. It
Regulation_system
Shah of Iran from 1736 to 1747
were carried off into slavery. His mother died in captivity. According to another story, Nader managed to convince Turkmens by promising help in the future
Nader_Shah
Overseas territories controlled by France (1534–1980)
by Jack P. Greene and Philip D. Morgan. Oxford UP. pp. 137–61. Dwyer, Philip. "Remembering and Forgetting in Contemporary France: Napoleon, Slavery,
French_colonial_empire
English-born philosopher and author (1737–1809)
did not inspect". On July 31, 1766, he petitioned the Board of Excise for reinstatement, which it granted the following day when a vacancy arose. While
Thomas_Paine
Whipping as a punishment
implementation of Shariah in the late 20th century brought reinstatement of lashing and other hudud punishments, if only on paper, in many Muslim countries. By 2013
Flagellation
2024 film by Ridley Scott
Numidia but is taken prisoner by the Roman army after they invade his home and kill his wife. He is sold into slavery to become a gladiator in the Colosseum
Gladiator_II
Royal Navy officer and politician (1764–1840)
in 1799, thwarting Napoleon's plans of further conquest in Ottoman Syria. Napoleon, reminiscing later in his life, reportedly said of him: "That man made
Sidney Smith (Royal Navy officer)
Sidney_Smith_(Royal_Navy_officer)
Country in South America
name of the Spanish King deposed by Napoleon Bonaparte. Both revolutions were short-lived and defeated by the Spanish authorities in the Viceroyalty of the
Bolivia
History of France from 1789 to 1914
in 1852 he had himself declared Emperor Napoléon III of the Second Empire. France was ruled by Emperor Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870. The regime was authoritarian
France in the long nineteenth century
France_in_the_long_nineteenth_century
American author, historian, and journalist (born 1964)
thrown in a dungeon for two years. By the time he was released, Napoleon had risen to power and reinstated racism and slavery in France and its colonies, leaving
Tom_Reiss
French revolutionary, lawyer and politician (1758–1794)
support for a decree aimed at ending slavery. On 4 June 1793, a delegation of sans-culottes and men of colour, led by Chaumette, presented a petition to
Maximilien_Robespierre
Island country in the Indian Ocean
Flinders was arrested and detained by General Decaen on the island from 1803 to 1810, in contravention of an order from Napoléon. During the Napoleonic Wars
Mauritius
1846–1848 conflict between Mexico and the United States
and discourage further immigration by abolishing slavery in Mexico. The Mexican government also decided to reinstate the property tax and increase tariffs
Mexican–American_War
American Founding Father and politician (1757–1824)
rule of this territory to France under Napoleon.) Pinckney returned from Spain to Charleston and the leadership of the state Democratic-Republican Party
Charles_Pinckney_(governor)
List of coups and coup attempts
Revolutionary Army under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte. May 1796: A radical attempt to overthrow the Directory led by Gracchus Babeuf failed. September
List of coups and coup attempts by country
List_of_coups_and_coup_attempts_by_country
Political view advocating return to a previous societal state
developed in France when, after the second fall of Napoleon, the Bourbon Restoration, or reinstatement of the Bourbon dynasty, ensued. This time it was
Reactionary
Calendar year
May 19 – Napoleon establishes the French Legion of Honour (Légion d'honneur). May 20 – By the Law of 20 May 1802, Napoleon reinstates slavery in the French
1802
Decade
killed by a pro-slavery mob, at his warehouse in Alton, Illinois. July 1, 1839 – Slaves aboard the Amistad rebel and capture the ship off the coast of Cuba
1830s
Catholic lay religious order
O'Connell, Gerard (3 February 2017). "Dust up with Order of Malta ends not with a bang but a reinstatement". America Magazine. New York. Archived from the original
Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta
King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909
at their base at Rejaf. The second, a much smaller force of 800, was led by Louis-Napoléon Chaltin and took the main road towards Rejaf. Both expeditions
Leopold_II_of_Belgium
Nationality and autonomous community of Spain
territorial conflicts within the state, although, a survey of language usage in 1807, commissioned by Napoleon, indicates that, except in the royal courts, Spanish
Catalonia
establishes the légion d'honneur (Legion of Honour). 20 May - Napoleon Bonaparte reinstates slavery in the French colonies, which had been abolished during
1802_in_France
Colonial period in Mauritania
weakness of the French and their distraction with events elsewhere in the region emboldened the amirs to demand and secure the reinstatement of the coutume
Colonial_Mauritania
American judge (1762–1846)
of the Civil Laws was adopted by Orleans Territorial legislature. It was an adaptation by James Brown and Louis Moreau-Lislet of the Code of Napoleon
Francois_Xavier_Martin
King of Spain from 1870 to 1873
nearly toppled Serrano, with ministers opposing rebel officer reinstatement as a "degradation" of the army and government. Amadeo's backing and Cortes ratification
Amadeo_I_of_Spain
Treaty ending the Napoleonic Wars
Treaty of Paris of 1815, also known as the Second Treaty of Paris, was signed on 20 November 1815, after the defeat and the second abdication of Napoleon Bonaparte
Treaty_of_Paris_(1815)
Loss of political control in antiquity
Keith Bradley, "'The Bitter Chain of Slavery': Reflections on Slavery in Ancient Rome," Snowden Lectures, Hellenic Centre of Harvard University (November 2
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Fall_of_the_Western_Roman_Empire
U.S. presidential administration from 1861 to 1865
dominated his presidency and resulted in the end of slavery in the United States. He was succeeded by Vice President Andrew Johnson. Lincoln took office
Presidency_of_Abraham_Lincoln
French colonial law and its characteristics
liberalisation of the French economy in the run up to the French Revolution dismantled much of the system, although Napoleon did consider reinstating it when
French_colonial_law
Mediterranean island country
Birgu) and the construction of new cities including Città Rohan (modern Ħaż-Żebbuġ). The Knights' reign ended when Napoleon captured Malta on his way to
Malta
period, slavery had played a major role in the socioeconomic system of British America and was widespread in the Thirteen Colonies at the time of the American
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War
Timeline_of_events_leading_to_the_American_Civil_War
Hungarian statesman (1802–1894)
partly Slovak by birth, he [Lajos Kossuth] denied the existence of a Slovak nation. ..."; A[lan] J[ohn] P[ercivale] Taylor, From Napoleon to Lenin: Historical
Lajos_Kossuth
Landlocked country in West Africa
on 12 May 1996 and, again, by referendum, revised to the current version on 18 July 1999. It is based on the Code Napoleon "Inquisitorial system", established
Niger
Sultan of Mysore from 1782 to 1799
fabricated by the East India Company in order to justify British military intervention against Tipu. One of the motivations of Napoleon's invasion of Egypt
Tipu_Sultan
1808–1833 series of armed conflicts in the Americas
a common starting point with that of Spanish America, since both conflicts were triggered by Napoleon's invasion of the Iberian Peninsula, which forced
Spanish American wars of independence
Spanish_American_wars_of_independence
Legality of sexual relationships between family members
French Penal Code of 1810, which was promulgated by Napoleon I, and became the criminal law in many of the territories occupied at the time by the First French
Legality_of_incest
1816–1897 native state in southern Africa
competitive struggles with the status of an empire. Wilkinson, Stephan (14 March 2017). "Shaka Zulu: Africa's Napoleon?". HistoryNet. Retrieved 27 May 2020
Zulu_Kingdom
Place in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
reminding of history. In 1993, the flag was replaced by a copy of the statue, donated by a local couple. The day chosen for the reinstatement of the statue
Koblenz
Treaty of Amiens restored the island to French control, and Napoleon Bonaparte reinstated slavery. The British regained the island in June 1803, when Commodore
History_of_Saint_Lucia
Private university in New Haven, Connecticut, US
policies after a mental health withdrawal, renaming the process to "reinstatement", eliminating the $50 reapplication fee, and giving students 5–6 more
Yale_University
Native American tribe in Oklahoma
total of 5,000 citizens by 1850. The Kansas–Nebraska Act resulted in numerous settlers arriving in Kansas Territory; both abolitionists and pro-slavery groups
Osage_Nation
Carolingian emperor from 800 to 814
with Napoleon's use of Charlemagne's legacy and the rise of German nationalism. German historiography and popular perception focused on the Massacre of Verden
Charlemagne
Shall Cease: A History of Slavery, Abolitionism, and the Catholic Church. United States: Orbis Books. The mystery of Mary by Paul Haffner 2004 ISBN 0-85244-650-0
List_of_papal_bulls
French musician (1745–1799)
member of the French Directory, failed again. One of the decisions of Napoleon as First Consul for life was the re-establishment of slavery (Law of 20 May
Chevalier_de_Saint-Georges
French politician
that year. He was appointed by First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte (soon-to-be emperor) to be colonial prefect (or governor) of Louisiana in August 1802 and
Pierre-Clément_de_Laussat
1799–1800 armed conflict in Haiti
that the other intended to betray the Rights of Man propagated by the French Revolution and reinstate slavery. As a result, historians such as Laurent Dubois
War_of_the_South
Armed conflict which ended Spanish rule of New Spain
the outbreak of the armed insurgency in 1810 and the course of warfare through the end of the conflict. Napoleon Bonaparte's invasion of Spain in 1808
Mexican_War_of_Independence
attempted to enforce the ban on slavery in Île de France were met with resistance from the colonists. The 1802 coup d'état of Napoleon Bonaparte re-established
Mauritian_nationality_law
the economies of the British Caribbean colonies would suffer as a result of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833, which abolished slavery throughout the British
British colonization of the Americas
British_colonization_of_the_Americas
the Democratic Republic of Yemen). Additionally, some entities were created as puppet states during wartime (e.g., Napoleon's Sister Republics) or existed
List of short-lived states and dependencies
List_of_short-lived_states_and_dependencies
Church. Napoleon was excommunicated in the 1809 bull Quum memoranda by Pope Pius VII for ordering the annexation of Rome and a long period of anti-Papal
List of people excommunicated by the Catholic Church
List_of_people_excommunicated_by_the_Catholic_Church
the Holy Roman Empire's Kingdom of Italy still existed during her first reign. She was de facto her brother Napoleon's puppet ruler, but de jure a sovereign
List_of_female_monarchs
1805 massacre of Dominicans by Haitian troops in Santo Domingo
and Jean-Luis Ferrand quickly moved to reinstate slavery, crushing the resistance of freedmen in the vicinity of the Nigua River. The French forces sent
Beheadings_of_Moca
British national daily newspaper
group of non-conformist businessmen. They launched the paper, on 5 May 1821 (by chance the very day of Napoleon's death) after the police closure of the
The_Guardian
the Grassroots Mobilization in Oaxaca. Bingling, Yuan. "Chapter 3: REINSTATEMENT OF THE DUTCH AUTHORITY". Schaank, S.H. (1893). De Kongsis van Montrado
List of historical unrecognized states
List_of_historical_unrecognized_states
many Jews were killed, expelled, or sold into slavery. The outcome of the conflict marked the termination of efforts to reestablish a Jewish state until
History_of_Israel
16th-century alliance of Francis I and Suleiman I
Verninac-Saint-Maur [fr] attempted to establish a Treaty of Alliance. A young artillery officer by the name of Napoleon Bonaparte was also to be sent to Constantinople
Franco-Ottoman_alliance
French playwright and activist (1746–1793)
passionate advocate of human rights, she was one of France's earliest public opponents of slavery. Her plays and pamphlets spanned a wide variety of issues including
Olympe_de_Gouges
REINSTATEMENT OF-SLAVERY-BY-NAPOLEON
REINSTATEMENT OF-SLAVERY-BY-NAPOLEON
REINSTATEMENT OF-SLAVERY-BY-NAPOLEON
REINSTATEMENT OF-SLAVERY-BY-NAPOLEON
REINSTATEMENT OF-SLAVERY-BY-NAPOLEON
REINSTATEMENT OF-SLAVERY-BY-NAPOLEON
REINSTATEMENT OF-SLAVERY-BY-NAPOLEON
REINSTATEMENT OF-SLAVERY-BY-NAPOLEON
REINSTATEMENT OF-SLAVERY-BY-NAPOLEON