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Anatomical structure
A proleg is a small, fleshy, stub structure found on the ventral surface of the abdomen of most larval forms of insects of the order Lepidoptera, though
Proleg
Order of insects including moths and butterflies
head, chewing mouthparts, three pairs of legs and up to five pairs of prolegs. As it grows, it changes in appearance, going through a series of stages
Lepidoptera
Clade of butterflies and moths
stage abdominal prolegs, pupal morphology, and the mandibles are reduced in area. They also differ in their reproductive systems. The prolegs have muscles
Neolepidoptera
Family of insects
locomotion of the larvae or caterpillars, which lack the full complement of prolegs seen in other caterpillars, with only two or three pairs at the posterior
Geometer_moth
Family of flies commonly known as no see ums, or biting midges
subfamily of biting midges. In this subfamily, both anterior and posterior prolegs are present on the larvae. Larvae are both terrestrial and aquatic, and
Ceratopogonidae
Group of mostly-nocturnal insects in the order Lepidoptera
may take years. Larvae have three pairs of thoracic legs, and multiple proleg with gripping hooks called crochets, and will walk in order to reach a suitable
Moth
Larva of a butterfly or moth
distinguished by the presence of prolegs on every abdominal segment, an absence of crochets or hooks on the prolegs (these are present on lepidopteran
Caterpillar
Family of moths
Lymantriinae have fully developed prolegs, Aganainae and Herminiinae have fully developed or slightly reduced prolegs, and prolegs in some other subfamilies are
Erebidae
Group of insects in the order Lepidoptera
cylindrical bodies, with ten segments to the abdomen, generally with short prolegs on segments 3–6 and 10; the three pairs of true legs on the thorax have
Butterfly
Biographical museum in Spain
p. 387-390 i 501-503 GARRUT, Josep M. (1984), "La Casa-Museu Gaudí amb pròleg i dues parts" Antoni Gaudí (1852-1926), Fundació Caixa de Pensions. ISBN 84-505-0683-2
Gaudí_House_Museum
Order of insects
limbs, and, in most cases, six or eight abdominal prolegs. Unlike caterpillars, however, the prolegs have no grasping spines, and the antennae are reduced
Hymenoptera
Family of beetles
the case in beetle larvae, directed downward and may serve as a terminal proleg in some species. The ninth segment, the rearmost, is pointed in larvae of
Click_beetle
Order of insects
larvae, such as species of Simuliidae, Tabanidae and Vermileonidae, have prolegs adapted to hold onto a substrate in flowing water, host tissues or prey
Fly
Family of moths
of the adult. The larvae are typically very flattened, and instead of prolegs, they have suckers. The thoracic legs are reduced, but always present,
Limacodidae
Milkweed butterfly in the family Nymphalidae
larva has a different banding pattern. It develops white spots on the prolegs near its back, and is usually between 1.5 and 2.5 cm (0.59 and 0.98 in)
Monarch_butterfly
Juvenile form of distinct animals before metamorphosis
Polypod larvae – also known as eruciform larvae, these larvae have abdominal prolegs, in addition to usual thoracic legs. They are poorly sclerotized and relatively
Larva
Part of the body between the chest and pelvis
Lepidoptera and the Symphyta (sawflies) have fleshy appendages called prolegs on their abdominal segments (as well as their more familiar thoracic legs)
Abdomen
1325–28 Catalan history by Ramon Muntaner
Josep Maria Aguilar Àvila: La Crònica de Ramon Muntaner: edició i estudi (pròleg - capítol 146), vol. 2. Critical edition of chapters 1–146. Based on manuscripts
Chronicle_of_Muntaner
Spanish painter, journalist and poet
Carles Pla Dalmau, 1966. Papers privats [pròleg de J. M. Valverde]. Barcelona: Eler, 1969. Amich de plor. [pròleg de Salvador Oliva]. Girona: Impr. Montserrat
Narcís_Comadira
Ancient Greek writer
interest in grammar and etymology. Suda ε 2004, Ἐπαφρόδιτος Villoison, Proleg. ad Apoll, Lex. Hom. p. xx Matthaios, Stephanos (2015). "Greek Scholarship
Archias_of_Alexandria
Species of butterfly
reddish-orange dots running down the back (aposematic, warning coloration). The prolegs are dark red. The body is covered with short hairs and black spines and
Nymphalis_antiopa
Body of the insect, toward the posterior of the thorax. abdominal feet See proleg Acalyptrata See Acalyptratae acanthus thornlike projection, typically a
Glossary_of_entomology_terms
i 19 de desembre de 1987. Barcelona: Quaderns Crema, 1989, p. 507-511 "Pròleg" a Salas i Oliveras, Ramon (1977). Presència mataronina al Río de la Plata
Antoni_Comas_i_Pujol
Genus of insects
this genus are characterized by an anal segment with retractile posterior prolegs. Larvae are aquatic and adults do not feed on vertebrate blood, nor do
Dasyhelea
Species of moth
leaf. The larva then latches onto the silk with its anal claspers and prolegs and begins to molt. It first becomes dormant and undergoes apolysis, then
Eacles_imperialis
Ability of animals to travel on land
of insect larvae that may have no legs (e.g., maggots), or additional prolegs (e.g., caterpillars). Spiders and many of their relatives move on eight
Terrestrial_locomotion
Description of the physical form of insects
distinguishable from the rest of the body. Maggots are limbless, or else have small prolegs. The eyes and antennae are reduced or absent, and the abdomen also lacks
Insect_morphology
Genus of moths
runs from beyond the end of areole. Larva with two pairs of abdominal prolegs. Tinolius eburneigutta Tinolius hypsana Tinolius quadrimaculatus Tinolius
Tinolius
Form of jointed appendage of arthropods
segments; these extra legs are called prolegs. They are found most frequently on the larvae of moths and sawflies. Prolegs do not have the same structure as
Arthropod_leg
External features of butterflies and moths
or other projections, three pairs of true legs, and up to five pairs of prolegs. Most caterpillars are herbivores, but a few are carnivores (some eat ants
External morphology of Lepidoptera
External_morphology_of_Lepidoptera
Order of insects
sclerotised heads with mandibles (jaws), short true legs on the thorax, prolegs on the first eight abdominal segments, and a suction disc or pair of hooks
Mecoptera
Suborder of insects
abdominal prolegs, lepidopteran caterpillars have four pairs of prolegs on abdominal segments 3–6 while sawfly larvae have five pairs of prolegs located
Sawfly
Programming paradigm based on formal logic
directly deployed to generate automatic inferences". More recently, the PROLEG system, initiated in 2009 and consisting of approximately 2500 rules and
Logic_programming
Subfamily of insects
alderflies, in that they bear eight pairs of lateral processes as well as anal prolegs with a pair of terminal hooks used to hold themselves to substrate, and
Dobsonfly
Order of insects
integripalpians are polypod (poorly sclerotized detritivores, with abdominal prolegs in addition to thoracic legs, living permanently in tight-fitting cases)
Caddisfly
Species of moth
those of A. precationis. Larvae of this species have 21–23 crochets per proleg, and are bright green, with a small black marks (false eyes) on each side
Autographa_precationis
Subfamily of moths
upturned labial palps, and the caterpillars have fully or mostly developed prolegs on the abdomen. The Aganainae are distributed across the tropics and subtropics
Aganainae
Species of moth
more prominent at later instars. On the last abdominal segment beside the prolegs, there is a large green spot surrounded by an orange ring. Development
Attacus_atlas
Family of insects
are medium to large in size, with stout bodies. They have five pairs of prolegs. Usually, their bodies lack any hairs or tubercules, but most species have
Sphingidae
Species of moth
brown head with whitish-yellow spots. The first two pairs of abdominal prolegs are rudimentary. An almost circular black spot is found on the front. The
Bastilla_arcuata
Spanish poet and writer
violeta (Editorial Meteora, 2010) A favor nostre. Antologia de poemes i pròleg a cura d'Àngels Gregori (Godall Edicions, 2019) "Dones-Poetes" (PDF) (in
Marta_Pessarrodona
Family of moths
caterpillar of Megalopyge opercularis. Caterpillars have seven pairs of prolegs, while other Lepidopterae have five or fewer pairs. They feed on a wide
Flannel_moth
3rd-century BC Greek poet
De Cruce, p. 449, ap. Fabric. Biblioth. Graec. ii. p. 88 John Tzetzes, Proleg. in Lycophron This article incorporates text from a publication now in
Alcaeus_of_Messene
Family of flies
shaped like a long, thin, somewhat flattened cylinder. The body lacks prolegs, but the body segments are divided into a series of rings called annuli
Psychodidae
Subfamily of moths
Lepidoptera, larvae produce a small silk pad before each moult, in which their prolegs are engaged. If disturbed, woolly bear caterpillars roll into a tight spiral
Arctiinae
Neoplatonist philosopher (c.213–273)
Historia Augusta, Aurelian. 30; Suda, Longinos Photius, Bibl. Cod. 259; Sopat. Proleg. in Aristid.; Suda, Porphyrios, Longinos Jerome, Epist. 125; Theophylact
Cassius Longinus (philosopher)
Cassius_Longinus_(philosopher)
for Ctesippus. Argum. ad Dem. Leptin. p. 453 Dem. c. Lept. p. 501 Wolf, Proleg. in Demosth. Lept. p. 48, &c., pp. 52-56 This article incorporates text
Aphepsion
Species of arctiine moth
with white; a yellow dorsal line with a series of orange spots on it; prolegs pale. — The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Vol
Creatonotos_gangis
Species of moth
with many silken threads by hooks on its anal and four hind abdominal prolegs. When the fruit is warmed, for instance by being held in the palm of the
Cydia_saltitans
Species of moth native to New Zealand
conifers. Larvae are nocturnal; during the day they cling to twigs with their prolegs holding their bodies rigidly extended. This posture, as well as the colouration
Pseudocoremia_leucelaea
Species of moth
long. Larvae also have three sets of legs near the head and five sets of prolegs protruding from the abdomen. The legs help the larvae move over long distances
Indianmeal_moth
Species of butterfly
abdominal segment. When mature, the caterpillar is brown with purplish prolegs. It has been observed with the following color variants of its transverse
Queen_(butterfly)
Spanish politician (1824–1901)
Margall. Lecciones de federalismo. Barcelona, 1931. Rovira i Virgili, A. Pròleg i notes a La qüestió de Catalunya davant el Federalisme. Escrits i discursos
Francesc_Pi_i_Margall
Genus of beetles
and a pair of dorsal glands, and lack apicoventral (rear) pseudopoda (prolegs). Dicranosterna vexabilis Dicranosterna semipunctata Dicranosterna immaculata
Dicranosterna
Species of moth
is grey on the dorsal side, and yellow on the ventral side. Along the prolegs there is a line of clear markings, as well as markings in the form of an
Dryandra_moth
Species of brachyceran fly
of 15–16 mm. The larva of this species possesses marginal spines on the proleg. These spines are approximately as long as or slightly shorter than the
Vermitigris_tsangyanggyatso
1st century CE Egyptian grammarian and sophist
Feldman 1993, pp. 126–127. Aulus Gellius. Attic Nights V.xiv Villoison, Proleg. ad Apollon. p. ix. &c. Euseb. Praep. Evang. 10.10 Gel. 5.14 Pliny the Elder
Apion
Species of moth
three thoracic segments bears a pair of true legs, and there is a pair of prolegs on the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and last abdominal segments in all
Manduca_sexta
Species of moth
lichen-covered twigs and hold themselves stiffly out from the host plant by their prolegs. The moth overwinters as a pupa on the forest floor, in a loosely-spun
Ipana_egregia
Species of beetle
curved. They have three pairs of jointed legs on the thorax and one pair of prolegs near the end of the abdomen. Oak timberworms primarily attack oak (Quercus
Arrenodes_minutus
Species of beetle
metatarsi darker. Males differ from females in the basal tarsomeres of the prolegs and midlegs being weakly dilated, and the protarsal claws being unequal
Rhantus_suturalis
Species of moth
these bars terminate on the spiracle and are charachteristic; legs and prolegs green, tipped with brown. Rather variable in depth of colour and distinctness
Ichneutica_averilla
Species of moth
surface, bringing its back end up towards its front legs while using its proleg, a fleshy leg that occurs on an abdominal segment of some insect larvae
Cleora_scriptaria
Body part of insects
larval insects (e.g., caterpillars) have some form of appendages, such as prolegs or, in aquatic insects, gills. In apocritan Hymenoptera (wasps, bees and
Metasoma
Species of moth
irritation to humans. Like all limacodids, the legs are shortened and the prolegs are reduced to suction cups. The "arms" or tubercles can fall off without
Phobetron_pithecium
Family of moths
"lappet moths" due to the decorative skin flaps found on the caterpillar's prolegs. The name "eggars" comes from the neat egg-shaped cocoons of some species
Lasiocampidae
Species of moth
under each segment. Branched filaments project out of the sides. First two proleg pairs reduced, so it shows looping movements. The larvae feed on Acacia
Erygia_apicalis
físiques i matemàtiques a la Catalunya medieval / J. Millás Vallicrosa; pròleg : Joan Vernet. ‘Carolingian' astrolabe. To Qantara – Mediterranean Heritage
Barcelona_astrolabe
French Oratorian biblical scholar
Company. This source cites Sebaldus Ravius, Spec. Observat. ad Hubigantii Proleg. in Scripturam (Trier, 1776) Cadry, Notice sur la vie et les ouvrages du
Charles_François_Houbigant
Species of butterfly
white and dark brown or black transverse bands. Just above the legs and prolegs, along the entire body is a wide orangish-red band interspersed with black
Euploea_core
Examples of separate lineages of organisms developing similar characteristics
subfamilies Myrmicinae and Formicinae, and more than ten times in total in ants. Proleg: a fleshy leg on many larvae of insects has independently evolved in several
List of examples of convergent evolution
List_of_examples_of_convergent_evolution
Genus of moths
veins 3,4 and 6,7 from angles of cell. Larva with two pairs of abdominal prolegs. In alphabetical order: Eublemma acarodes Swinhoe, 1907 Eublemma accedens
Eublemma
Species of fly
scape and pedicel; thorax black; scutellum dark brown and subtriangular; proleg yellow; protarsus yellow with tarsomeres four and five dark brown; metaleg
Sphegina_guptai
Species of moth
red feet and is covered in club-ended black setae. It has five pairs of prolegs on segments 3 to 6 and 10, and six true legs attached to the thorax. After
Chrysiridia_rhipheus
Species of moth endemic to New Zealand
towards head. Head brownish-cream-colour, dotted with blackish; legs and prolegs brownish-cream-colour; dorsal region dark greyish-green, with obscure blackish
Pasiphila_melochlora
Genus of moths
male, but with very much paler forewings. Larva with rudimentary first two proleg pairs. There is a conical dorsal hump on the 11th somite. Body greyish brown
Corcobara
Order of insects
atmospheric air. The final segment of the abdomen bears either a pair of prolegs, or a single, tail-like appendage. The larvae grow slowly, taking anywhere
Megaloptera
Species of moth endemic to New Zealand
and legs blackish; minute prolegs are situated on segments 7-10. The last segment is horny with well developed anal prolegs which retain a firm hold on
Thiotricha_oleariae
Genus of moths
male heavily hairy. Mid tibia spined. Larva with four pairs of abdominal prolegs, where the first two pairs aborted or rudimentary. Zale aeruginosa Guenée
Zale_(moth)
Order of insects
the body is soft and fleshy. They have three pairs of true legs, but no prolegs. However, they do possess an adhesive organ on the abdomen, which they
Snakefly
Spanish Uruguayan artist (1874–1949)
García, organitzada a la Galerie Carmine, del 16 al 30 de juny. París. Pròleg de Joseph Milbauer Llorens, Tomas (2003). Torres-Garcia. Editorial Ausa
Joaquín_Torres-García
Species of moth
pairs of legs on their thorax and three pairs of prolegs on their abdomen. The first pair of prolegs (on segment 8, unexpected in Geometridae as opposed
Alsophila_pometaria
Species of moth
is long and black, and curves forward. The true legs are black and the prolegs are yellow with black tips. "CATE Creating a Taxonomic eScience - Sphingidae"
Macroglossum_tenebrosa
Species of moth
somewhat frosted appearance. The head is small, black, and shiny. The prolegs are well developed. When disturbed, the caterpillar curls into a tight
Agreeable_tiger_moth
Species of moth
subtle, often pigmented, swelling. The sides of the head, legs, anterior prolegs, and paraprocts may be flushed with russet, red, or violet. Additionally
Eulithis_diversilineata
Species of moth
anthyllidifolia. The caterpillar is characterised by four pairs of abdominal prolegs. The species is considered likely extinct, with the last sighting occurring
Anomis_vulpicolor
New Testament manuscript
Retrieved 21 April 2011.[dead link] C. Tischendorf, Monumenta sacra (1846), proleg., p. 13; Text pp. 37 ff. and plate, no. 5. Constantin von Tischendorf, Monumenta
Uncial_054
Species of sawfly
yellow-green, with a brown head. There is a line along the 7 pairs of abdominal prolegs. The true legs are dark. Last-stage larvae can be up to 25 millimetres
Common_pine_sawfly
Genus of moths
outer angle. The larvae of the Calyptra moth have three pairs of abdominal prolegs. The Calyptra moth has been observed as changing its habitat in recent
Calyptra_(moth)
Spanish historian
arran de la guerra de Successió (1705-1742) (Fundació Noguera, 2005). “Pròleg: la Generalitat entre 1701 i 1714”, del volum X de Dietaris de la Generalitat
Joaquim_Albareda
Species of moth
larval stage is characterized by the presence of four pairs of abdominal prolegs. Hampson, G.F. (1894). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and
Acontia_albida
Genus of moths
without tubercles and brownish with grey dots. The first two pairs of prolegs are reduced. Head pale pinkish to whitish with dark lines. Pupa has a white
Delgamma
Species of moth
dots on their sides. As for most other plusiine, they lack two pair of prolegs and thus move in a looper fashion, which is somewhat similar to caterpillars
Chrysodeixis_eriosoma
Moth family known as prominents
humps (Scoble 1995), and often rest with both ends raised. The last set of prolegs is frequently vestigial, or may be long, with glands that can be everted
Notodontidae
Species of butterfly
the thorax narrow above the prolegs, and broadening again at the tail end. The larva is smooth. The sides above the prolegs are yellow ochre. A narrow
Lamproptera_curius
Species of moth endemic to New Zealand
pinacula D1 (anterior, D1, D2 posterior); SV group tri-setose above each proleg; metathoracic posterior sternal setae closer together than anterior setae
Mallobathra_campbellica
Spanish painter (1885–1969)
2010. -SOLER NAVARRO, Joan Josep. J. Segrelles, Il•lustrador Universal. - Pròleg de John Howe. Ed. Institut d’Estudis de la Vall d’Albaida. 2010 -SOLER NAVARRO
José_Segrelles
Spanish physics researcher (born 1924)
la dona a les Illes Balears coordinació d'Aina Pascual i Jaume Llabrés ; pròleg de Carme Riera ; textos de M. Lluïsa Canut, Jaume Llabrés, Mariantònia Manresa
María_Luisa_Canut
Philosophical term
Learning. p. 90. Summa Theologiae I-II Q90, A4 On the Law of War and Peace, Proleg. 40 The Spirit of the Laws, opening lines The Prince 15:- "...since my intent
Nature_(philosophy)
Genus of moths
become more solidly colored and lose their blue coloring, except on their prolegs and feet. Attacus atlas (Linnaeus, 1758) (Oriental region) – Atlas moth
Attacus
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