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Liberalisation in Czechoslovakia in 1968
The Prague Spring (Czech: Pražské jaro; Slovak: Pražská jar) was a period of political liberalization and mass protest in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
Prague_Spring
2026 Filipino film
Spring in Prague (Czech: Jaro v Praze) is a 2026 Philippine romantic comedy film directed by Lester Dimaranan and co-directed by Paolo Emmanuel Magsino
Spring_in_Prague_(film)
Palach set himself on fire in Prague's Wenceslas Square as a protest against the end of the reforms of the Prague Spring following the Soviet invasion
History of Czechoslovakia (1948–1989)
History_of_Czechoslovakia_(1948–1989)
Western European political ideology
and France. It is commonly considered to have been prompted by the Prague Spring. Although the various parties converged against the Soviet factor, their
Eurocommunism
Cold War coalition of communist states
Conversation with Alexander Dubček, August 13, 1968". The Prague Spring '68. The Prague Spring Foundation. 1998. Archived from the original on 17 January
Eastern_Bloc
1968 invasion led by the Soviet Union
Hungarian People's Republic. The invasion stopped Alexander Dubček's Prague Spring liberalisation reforms and strengthened the authoritarian wing of the
Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
Warsaw_Pact_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia
1918–1992 country in Central Europe
Warsaw Pact of 1955. A period of political liberalization in 1968, the Prague Spring, ended when the Soviet Union, assisted by other Warsaw Pact countries
Czechoslovakia
Leader of the Soviet Union from 1982 to 1984
1973 when he was promoted to full member of the Politburo. During the Prague Spring in 1968, Andropov was the main advocate of taking "extreme measures"
Yuri_Andropov
Country in Central Europe
the Warsaw Pact. Attempts to liberalise communism culminated in the Prague Spring, which was suppressed by the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
Slovakia
Capital and largest city of the Czech Republic
Prague (/ˈprɑːɡ/ PRAHG ; Czech: Praha [ˈpraɦa] ) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Located on
Prague
Far-left political party in Finland (1918–92)
party leadership or membership.[citation needed] The events of the Prague Spring followed by the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia had strong repercussions
Communist_Party_of_Finland
Annual classical music festival in Czechia
The Prague Spring International Music Festival (Czech: Mezinárodní hudební festival Pražské jaro, commonly Czech: Pražské jaro, Prague Spring) is a classical
Prague Spring International Music Festival
Prague_Spring_International_Music_Festival
Democratization process in Czechoslovakia in 1989
family members in the West; supporting Alexander Dubček during the Prague Spring; opposing the Soviet military occupation; promoting religion; boycotting
Velvet_Revolution
1992 process that split Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Gustáv Husák, despite being a Slovak himself, returned most control to Prague. That approach encouraged a regrowth of Slovak separatism after the fall
Dissolution_of_Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovak state from 1948 to 1989
Prague Spring liberalisation reforms and strengthened the authoritarian wing of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ). Except the Prague Spring
Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic
Leader of Czechoslovakia from 1968 to 1969
reforms to the communist system during a period that became known as the Prague Spring, but his reforms were reversed and he was eventually sidelined following
Alexander_Dubček
Filmmaking movement in 1960s Czechoslovakia
short about Prague Spring The Unbearable Lightness of Being - 1988 Philip Kaufman film adaptation of the Milan Kundera novel about Prague Spring. Czech: Československá
Czechoslovak_New_Wave
Soviet Ukrainian politician (1908–1996)
major role in deciding how the Soviet government should respond to the Prague Spring, the sudden loosening of political control in communist Czechoslovakia
Petro_Shelest
Czechoslovak state from 1938 to 1939
politiky, 1939–1945. II., Prague 1966, pp. 420–422. Gebhart, J.; Kuklík, J. (2004). Druhá republika 1938–1939 (in Czech). Prague: Litomyšl. ISBN 9788071856269
Second_Czechoslovak_Republic
Czechoslovak state from 1945 to 1948
Moravia) and the Slovak Democratic Party. The government moved back to Prague after its liberation on 10 May. Beneš was pressured by the Soviet Union
Third_Czechoslovak_Republic
Soviet-backed coup
to take complete power. That notion would be reinforced during the Prague Spring, when party archives were opened and showed that Stalin gave up the
1948_Czechoslovak_coup_d'état
party intelligentsia, acquired a new, popular dynamism in the spring of 1968 (the "Prague Spring"). Radical elements found expression; anti-Soviet polemics
History_of_Czechoslovakia
Country in Central Europe
were suppressed by a Soviet-led invasion of the country during the Prague Spring in 1968. In November 1989, the Velvet Revolution ended communist rule
Czech_Republic
Worldwide escalation of social conflicts
there were widespread protests that escalated, particularly in the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia, in Warsaw, Poland, and in Yugoslavia. Outside the
Protests_of_1968
liberalisation reforms of Alexander Dubček, in what came to be known as the Prague Spring. The invasion, in which East Germany did not directly participate but
Conscientious objection in East Germany
Conscientious_objection_in_East_Germany
Territory of Nazi Germany (1939–1945)
established the protectorate on 16 March 1939, issuing a proclamation from Prague Castle. The creation of the protectorate violated the Munich Agreement.
Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia
Leader of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982
Party as the "Kosygin reforms". Due largely to coinciding with the Prague Spring (whose sharp departure from the Soviet model led to its armed suppression
Leonid_Brezhnev
Hungarian philosopher, teacher (1929–2019)
beliefs and customs of "everyday life". Until the events of the 1968 Prague Spring, the Budapest School remained supportive of reformist attitudes towards
Ágnes_Heller
The Prague Spring International Piano Competition is a music competition for young pianists that takes place in Prague, Czech Republic. The competition
Prague Spring International Piano Competition
Prague_Spring_International_Piano_Competition
Czechoslovak state from 1918 to 1938
The independence of Czechoslovakia was proclaimed on 28 October 1918 in Prague. Several ethnic groups and territories with different historical, political
First_Czechoslovak_Republic
Series of Soviet WWII heavy tanks
served on the Chinese-Soviet border, the Hungarian Revolution, the Prague Spring and on both sides of the Six-Day War. The series eventually culminated
IS_tank_family
Pejorative term for authoritarian communists
of tanks to suppress the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the 1968 Prague Spring, or who more broadly adhered to pro-Soviet positions. The term has been
Tankie
German student activist (1940–1979)
1968 the Dutschkes traveled to Czechoslovakia in solidarity with the Prague Spring. In two lectures for the Christian Peace Conference (CFK) (and with
Rudi_Dutschke
Main Soviet security agency from 1954 to 1991
was instrumental in crushing the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Prague Spring of "Socialism with a Human Face" in Czechoslovakia, 1968. During the
KGB
Topics referred to by the same term
Praha (train), a Warsaw-Prague express train since 1993 2367 Praha, a main-belt asteroid Praha Spring, another name for Prague Spring All pages with titles
Praha_(disambiguation)
Period of Czechoslovak history
Prague was taken on 9 May by Soviet troops during the Prague Offensive which had begun on 6 May and ended by 11 May. When the Soviets arrived, Prague
Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945)
Occupation_of_Czechoslovakia_(1938–1945)
Soviet military commander (1897–1973)
forces, and led the violent suppression of the Hungarian Revolution and Prague Spring. In 1961, as commander of Soviet forces in East Germany, he ordered
Ivan_Konev
Eastern European military alliance (1955–1991)
Matthew (2018). Eastern Europe in 1968: Responses to the Prague Spring and Warsaw Pact Invasion. Springer. p. 195. ISBN 978-3319770697. Eyal, Jonathan (1989)
Warsaw_Pact
Period of democratization in South Korea (1979–1980)
26 October 1979 to 17 May 1980. This expression was derived from the Prague Spring of Czechoslovakia in 1968.[better source needed] On the night of 26
Seoul_Spring
Combined military forces of Poland
political suppression both domestically and abroad, such as during the Prague Spring. Following the fall of communism, Poland shifted towards Western military
Polish_Armed_Forces
Soviet politician (1904–1980)
preeminent role in directing its foreign policy. However, in 1968, the Prague Spring triggered a massive backlash against his reforms, thereby enabling Leonid
Alexei_Kosygin
New Zealand Rhodes scholar
Iron Curtain, Ian Milner was a uniquely placed witness of the 1968 Prague Spring. He was enthusiastic about the reforms of Alexander Dubček. His letters
Ian_Milner
Czechoslovak state from 1990 to 1992
time of the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. 1960–1992: 10 regions (kraje), Prague, and (since 1970) Bratislava; divided in 109–114 districts (Okresy); the
Czech and Slovak Federative Republic
Czech_and_Slovak_Federative_Republic
1984 Czech novel by Milan Kundera
Kundera about two women, two men, a dog, and their lives in the 1968 Prague Spring period of Czechoslovak history. Though written in 1982, the novel was
The Unbearable Lightness of Being
The_Unbearable_Lightness_of_Being
Set of symphonic poems composed by Bedřich Smetana
Bohemia's countryside, history, or legends. The works have opened the Prague Spring International Music Festival, on the 12 May anniversary of the death
Má_vlast
Figure from Czechoslovak folklore
Pérák, the Spring Man (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpɛːraːk]), was an urban legend and rumour most popular in the Czechoslovak city of Prague during the German
Pérák, the Spring Man of Prague
Pérák,_the_Spring_Man_of_Prague
1988 American drama film
film portrays Czechoslovak artistic and intellectual life during the Prague Spring, and the characters' romantic lives amid the Soviet repression that
The Unbearable Lightness of Being (film)
The_Unbearable_Lightness_of_Being_(film)
Period of Czechoslovak history
characterized by the restoration of the conditions prevailing before the Prague Spring reform period led by the First Secretary Alexander Dubček of the Communist
Normalization (Czechoslovakia)
Normalization_(Czechoslovakia)
Forced entry by a polity into another polity's territory
Czechoslovakia allegedly called for Soviet intervention during the Prague Spring of 1968, which ended with the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
Invasion
Czech and American film director (1932–2018)
theatres in his home country in the more reformist atmosphere of the Prague Spring. However, it was later banned by the Communist government after the
Miloš_Forman
Leader of Czechoslovakia from 1969 to 1987
made a vice-premier in the government of Alexander Dubček during the Prague Spring. However, Husák came to share the Soviet Union's suspicion of Dubček's
Gustáv_Husák
1990 studio album by Mal Waldron
Spring in Prague is an album by jazz pianist Mal Waldron recorded in 1990 and released on the Japanese Alfa Jazz label. All compositions by Mal Waldron
Spring_in_Prague
1969 anti-Soviet protests
the Soviet invasion into Czechoslovakia the political ideals of the Prague Spring were slowly but steadily replaced by politics of accommodation to the
Czechoslovak_hockey_riots
1968 music composition by Karel Husa
full orchestra, written shortly after the Soviet Union crushed the Prague Spring reform movement in Czechoslovakia in 1968. Karel Husa was sitting on
Music_for_Prague_1968
Underground culture in Czechoslovakia
Christians, and even former high-ranking Communist officials involved in the Prague spring, who had all also been suppressed by the normalization regime in the
Prague_underground_(culture)
German instrumental ensemble
Internationale Bachakademie Stuttgart, Salzburg Festival, Lucerne Festival, Prague Spring or Rheingau Musik Festival. Gächinger Kantorei and Bach-Collegium Stuttgart
Bach-Collegium_Stuttgart
Ruling party of Czechoslovakia (1948–1989)
proposed reforms that included a democratic process and initiated the Prague Spring, leading to the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union. Under
Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
Communist_Party_of_Czechoslovakia
Historical name for areas of Czechoslovakia
Kladsko, in the Moravian–Silesian Region, in Svitavy and Olomouc. The city of Prague had a German-speaking majority from the last third of the 17th century until
Sudetenland
Participation in management by employees
knowledge exists of these in English. Workers' control occurred during the Prague Spring, by January 1969 there were councils in about 120 enterprises, representing
Workers'_control
Former Eastern Bloc state's land forces
its existence, which was assisting the Soviet Union in crushing the Prague Spring. It maintained close ties to the Warsaw Pact along with other Eastern
Hungarian_People's_Army
Socialist tendency developed by Nikolai Bukharin
influenced reform communism movements in Eastern Europe, such as the Prague Spring, and in China under Deng Xiaoping. During perestroika in the 1980s,
Bukharinism
Late-1970s period of liberalization in China
The name is derived from "Prague Spring", an analogous event which occurred in Czechoslovakia in 1968. During the Beijing Spring, the general public was
Beijing_Spring
the short-lived season of "socialism with a human face". This was the Prague Spring, which aimed at a democratic reform of institutions. The Soviet Union
History_of_Prague
1969 Czech film
The film was produced during the political liberalization of the 1968 Prague Spring and contains many scenes which satirize and criticize the country's
The_Joke_(film)
Slovak writer (1913–1989)
totalitarian regimes. In the 1960s, he became a prominent supporter of the Prague Spring liberalization agenda of the leadership of the new Communist party leadership
Dominik_Tatarka
1967 film
was shown in Czechoslovak cinemas in the reformist atmosphere of the Prague Spring, the film was subsequently banned after the invasion of Czechoslovakia
The_Firemen's_Ball
Political crisis in Poland regarding antisemitism
Workers' Party (PZPR). The protests overlapped with the events of the Prague Spring in neighboring Czechoslovakia – raising new hopes of democratic reforms
1968_Polish_political_crisis
Slogan for Alexander Dubcek's reforms in Communist Czechoslovakia
governing. Socialism with a human face was vital in initiating the Prague Spring, a period of national democratization and economic decentralization
Socialism_with_a_human_face
emigrated to Israel. The situation worsened following the failure of the Prague Spring and the resulting Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, following
History_of_the_Jews_in_Prague
Czech student who self-immolated (1948–1969)
Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 which brought an end to the Prague Spring. Palach was born in and attended elementary school in Všetaty, where
Jan_Palach
as a part of the Prague Spring International Music Festival. The first competition took place in May, 1947. In 1957, the Prague Spring International Music
International music competitions in the Czech Republic
International_music_competitions_in_the_Czech_Republic
Demonstration against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia
August 1968 by the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies, crushing the Prague Spring, the challenge to centralised planning and censorship by communist leader
1968_Red_Square_demonstration
Foreign policy justifying intervention in the Soviet Bloc
justify the invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968 that ended the Prague Spring, along with earlier Soviet military interventions, such as the invasion
Brezhnev_Doctrine
Russian military doctrine
deception operations in events such as the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Prague Spring, and the annexation of Crimea. The Russian doctrine of military deception
Russian_military_deception
and Beneš on 18 October 1918 in Paris, and proclaimed on 28th October in Prague. Initial authority within Czechoslovakia was assumed by the newly created
History of Czechoslovakia (1918–1938)
History_of_Czechoslovakia_(1918–1938)
Bischof, Günter; Karner, Stefan; Ruggenthaler, Peter, eds. (2010). The Prague Spring and the Warsaw Pact Invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968. Rowman & Littlefield
History_of_communism
Overview of and topical guide to Prague
Prague (1945) Prague uprising (1945) Prague Spring (1968) Contemporary Era Velvet Revolution (1989) History of the Jews in Prague Culture of Prague Prague
Outline_of_Prague
Czech singer (born 1942)
Kubišová (born 1 November 1942) is a Czech singer. By the time of the Prague Spring of 1968, with her song "Modlitba pro Martu" ("A prayer for Marta"),
Marta_Kubišová
1947–1991 geopolitical rivalry between US and USSR
of political liberalization took place in Czechoslovakia called the Prague Spring. An "Action Program" of reforms included increasing freedom of the press
Cold_War
Former Czechoslovak military unit
earned the favor of the new president, Ludvík Svoboda, in 1968. When the Prague Spring uprising occurred under Alexander Dubček, Svoboda initially sympathized
1st_Army_(Czechoslovakia)
Worldwide social and political movements against racism
Vilnius (Lithuanian Helsinki Group), Tbilisi, and Erevan (1976–77). The Prague Spring (Czech: Pražské jaro, Slovak: Pražská jar, Russian: пражская весна)
Civil_rights_movements
Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
Klaus (2014). On Political Culture, Cultural Policy, Art and Politics. Springer. 19 November 2013. p. 65. ISBN 978-3-319-01559-0. The Soviet Union after
Soviet_Union
Conversation with Alexander Dubček, August 13, 1968". The Prague Spring '68. The Prague Spring Foundation. 1998. Retrieved 2008-01-23. Navrátil 2006, pp
Foreign interventions by the Soviet Union
Foreign_interventions_by_the_Soviet_Union
from military intervention, unlike on previous occasions such as the Prague Spring of 1968 and the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, and thus left the Polish
Soviet reaction to the Polish crisis of 1980–1981
Soviet_reaction_to_the_Polish_crisis_of_1980–1981
Labour union in Czechoslovakia
Democrats, 6 National Socialists and 2 from the People's Party. During the Prague Spring of 1968, ROH became somewhat more independent. However, developments
Revoluční_odborové_hnutí
Aspect of the Vietnam War
sent significant aid to North Vietnam, both prior to and after the Prague Spring. The Czechoslovak government created committees which sought to promote
International participation in the Vietnam War
International_participation_in_the_Vietnam_War
German mixed choir
Bachakademie Stuttgart, Salzburg Festival, Lucerne Festival and the Prague Spring. In 2004 they celebrated their 50th year by performing Bach's Mass in
Gächinger_Kantorei
Rights preventing the infringement of personal freedom by other social actors
minority's rights; and movements in many Communist countries, such as the Prague Spring and Charter 77 in Czechoslovakia and the uprisings in Hungary. Most
Civil_and_political_rights
British academic historian and Marxist historiographer (1917–2012)
against the Soviet invasion of Hungary and was firmly in favour of the Prague Spring. Hobsbawm was a leading light of the Eurocommunist faction in the Communist
Eric_Hobsbawm
British author (1948–2025)
recently, he wrote Prague Spring (2018) about Brits living in and travelling through Czechoslovakia during both the Prague Spring and subsequent Warsaw
Simon_Mawer
1967 novel by Milan Kundera
was then banned in 1968 when the Soviet Union invaded and crushed the Prague Spring. After some years of pushing for reform, Kundera fled to Paris in 1975
The_Joke_(novel)
President of Czechoslovakia from 1968 to 1975
Antonín Novotný was forced to resign, a pivotal moment leading to the Prague Spring. Svoboda was elected President of Czechoslovakia on 30 March 1968, on
Ludvík_Svoboda
Citizen rebellion in Hungary
Union List of conflicts related to the Cold War Poznań protests of 1956 Prague Spring (1968) Quỳnh Lưu uprising (1956) Romanian anti-communist resistance
Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956
Last president of Czechoslovakia and first president of the Czech Republic (1936–2011)
style to criticize the Communist system. After participating in the Prague Spring and being blacklisted after the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
Václav_Havel
Czech and French novelist (1929–2023)
opinions yet," and "the significance of the Prague Autumn may ultimately be greater than that of the Prague Spring." In 1968, the year his books were banned
Milan_Kundera
2000 Italian drama film
one of them for a concert pianist. The film opens at the time of the Prague Spring, but the main events take place prior to World War II in Czechoslovakia
Canone_inverso
Czech philosopher (1925–2003)
1960s. He was forced out of the university for his involvement in the Prague Spring of 1968 and became a dissident underground intellectual for the second
Milan_Machovec
the late 14th century, when Slovaks started to study at the University of Prague; in the 15th century, with the campaigns of the Czech Hussite armies to
Origins_of_Czechoslovakia
Sanitizing and hiding of undesirable qualities
instance, during the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia following the Prague Spring of 1968, the Press Group of Soviet Journalists released a collection
Whitewashing_(communications)
American actress and diplomat (1928–2014)
out of favor with the Soviets after a series of reforms, known as the Prague Spring. Temple, who was stranded at a hotel as the tanks rolled in, sought
Shirley_Temple
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