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Cognitive system for number sense
The parallel individuation system, also called object tracking system is a non-symbolic cognitive system that supports the representation of numerical
Parallel_individuation_system
of the numbers are smaller. The second system for representing numerosities is the parallel individuation system, which supports the exact representation
Number_sense_in_animals
Intuitive grasp of numbers
the approximate number system, a system that supports the estimation of the magnitude, and the parallel individuation system, which allows the tracking
Number_sense
Study of numerical and mathematical abilities
and number of bar presses. In addition, in a few species the parallel individuation system has been shown, for example in the case of guppies which successfully
Numerical_cognition
How a thing is identified as distinct from other things
The principle of individuation, or principium individuationis, describes the manner in which a thing is identified as distinct from other things. The
Individuation
Innate ability to detect differences in magnitude without counting
lesser values being carried out by the parallel individuation system, also called the object tracking system. Beginning in early infancy, the ANS allows
Approximate_number_system
Self-awareness about thinking, higher-order thinking skills
metacognition: (1) cognitive conceptions and (2) a cognitive regulation system. Research has shown that both components of metacognition play key roles
Metacognition
Process of acquiring new knowledge
events such as incidents or accidents, or in collaborative learning health systems). Research in such fields has led to the significant identification of
Learning
Psychological focus, perception and prioritising discrete information
assumption is that visual attention involves at least two stages. In an initial parallel stage, information across the visual field is processed in a coarse manner
Attention
Process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles
recipes or instructions that direct such systems, written into computer programs. Steps for designing such systems include problem determination, heuristics
Problem_solving
Cognitive parsing of time into event categories
incorporated within working memory, Baldassano and colleagues suggest that neural systems are specialized to process event information over a particular temporal
Event_perception
Subdiscipline of psychology
forged the way in this area. Developments in computer science led to parallels being drawn between human thought and the computational functionality
Cognitive_psychology
Faculty of mind to store and retrieve data
The long-term stabilization of synaptic changes is also determined by a parallel increase of pre- and postsynaptic structures such as axonal bouton, dendritic
Memory
Ability to identify objects
proposed integrative hierarchies (top-down and bottom-up), as well as parallel processing, as opposed to this general bottom-up hierarchy. Visual recognition
Object recognition (cognitive science)
Object_recognition_(cognitive_science)
2000 book by Randy Thornhill and Craig T. Palmer
Multitasking Numerical cognition Number sense Approximate number system Parallel individuation system Sleep Visual perception Color vision Eye Naïve physics Culture
A_Natural_History_of_Rape
American psychologist
Multitasking Numerical cognition Number sense Approximate number system Parallel individuation system Sleep Visual perception Color vision Eye Naïve physics Culture
David_P._Barash
Theory that exposure to nature can improve concentration
refreshed and emotionally calmer happen together because the same mind–body system, linked through the vagus nerve, helps drive both. While many individual
Attention_restoration_theory
Theories on the development of personality
perspective that considers the relationship of person-society as an interactive system that defines and molds personal development. Personal interaction with other
Personality_development
Concept in psychology
Thirteenth European Meeting on Cybernetics and Systems Research. Thirteenth European Meeting on Cybernetics and Systems Research. Vol. II. University of Vienna
Cognitive_complexity
Process of understanding speech
Issues like modularity versus interactive processing and serial versus parallel computation of analyses have been theoretical divides in the field. A modular
Sentence_processing
Critical factors contributing to the emotional enhancement effect on human memory
(2003) claim that it is not clear whether involvement of the emotional system in encoding memory differs for positive or negative emotions, or whether
Emotion_and_memory
Cognitive process of visually interpreting the human face
Jennifer; Claypool, Heather M. (1 March 2007). "Categorization and individuation in the cross-race recognition deficit: Toward a solution to an insidious
Face_perception
Model of human memory
area has focused on the visual and auditory systems. Iconic memory, which is associated with the visual system, is perhaps the most researched of the sensory
Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model
Atkinson–Shiffrin_memory_model
Branch of psychology
construct a 'private culture' or individually tailored adaptive system; in consequence, this system may or may not mirror the behavior of others in any given
Evolutionary_psychology
Field of study
experiences interact with the inherent but skeletal folk systems and flesh out these systems such that they are adapted to the local social group and
Evolutionary educational psychology
Evolutionary_educational_psychology
Therefore, depression allows one to conserve and allocate energy to the immune system more efficiently. Depression further prevents infection by discouraging
Evolutionary approaches to depression
Evolutionary_approaches_to_depression
James's functionalist approach to psychology. At the core of his theory was a system of "instincts." James wrote that humans had many instincts, even more than
History of evolutionary psychology
History_of_evolutionary_psychology
Concept in cognitive psychology
aspects of the environment rather than on others and the central nervous system is in a state of readiness to respond to stimuli." In mental management
Mental_management
able to do advanced mathematics like physics. Animals share a non-verbal system for representing number as analogue magnitudes. Animals have been known
Ordinal_numerical_competence
thinking. Kelly first articulated the concept of complex holism in Individuation and the Absolute: Hegel, Jung, and the Path toward Wholeness (1993)
Sean Kelly (integral theorist)
Sean_Kelly_(integral_theorist)
Phenomenon in numerical cognition
This points to the operation of a special and largely automatic processing system. As noted by Burr & Ross (2008): Just as we have a direct visual sense of
Numerosity_adaptation_effect
German philosopher (1788–1860)
Background of the Conception of Space as a Ground for the Individuation of Physical Systems. University of Pittsburgh Press. Pauli greatly admired Schopenhauer
Arthur_Schopenhauer
Concept in Jungian psychology
shadow plays a central part in the process of individuation. Jung considered that "the course of individuation [...] exhibits a certain formal regularity
Shadow_(psychology)
Book by Carl Gustav Jung
process of reintegration and individuation of the psyche in the modern psychiatric patient. In drawing these parallels Jung reinforces the universal
Psychology_and_Alchemy
Unpleasant emotion experienced when behavioral freedom is threatened
adolescent smoking initiation. Peer intimacy, peer individuation, and intergenerational individuation are strong predictors of psychological reactance.
Reactance_(psychology)
Trump cards of tarot decks
archetypal significance, even encoding the entire process of Jungian individuation into the tarot trumps. These various interpretations of the Major Arcana
Major_Arcana
German polymath (1646–1716)
interaction between mind and matter arising in the system of Descartes; lack of individuation inherent to the system of Spinoza, which represents individual creatures
Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz
Psychological concept
environment. This process of actualization influences the degree of individuation, or the development of the individual's unique identity. For instance
Jungian_archetypes
Processing of vision in typical environments
visual system initially selects a fixed number of roughly four objects from a crowded scene based on their spatial information (object individuation) before
Natural_scene_perception
Jungian theories
the collective unconscious, complexes, extraversion and introversion, individuation, the Self, the shadow and synchronicity. The Myers–Briggs Type Indicator
Analytical_psychology
locus of personality transformation and the path to what Jung calls "individuation". The dream is therefore at the heart of Jungian psychotherapy, which
Dreams in analytical psychology
Dreams_in_analytical_psychology
Classification used by psychologists to describe the distinctions between people
and self-development as individuation confluence of her/his conscious and unconscious. The first stage of the individuation is the acquisition of the
Psychological_typologies
Social-cultural system
Religion is a range of social-cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, ethics, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places
Religion
It involves multiple elements, including privatization, alienation, individuation, abstraction, valuation and displacement. As capitalism expands in breadth
Commodification_of_nature
French philosopher (1925–1995)
becoming as difference and repetition, together with genetic processes of individuation whereby beings come to exist and pass out of existence." Time and space
Gilles_Deleuze
Jungian concept of the meaningfulness of acausal coincidences
in Aristotelian or Thomist systems. Either the final causality is inherent in synchronicity, as it leads to individuation; or synchronicity can be a kind
Synchronicity
Form of divine energy in Hindu mysticism
consciousness, and he interpreted its symbols in terms of the process of individuation, with sensitivity towards a new generation's interest in alternative
Kundalini
Type of database
individual's genome is sampled from 13 or 16 regions that have high individuation. The first national DNA database in the United Kingdom was established
DNA_database
Complete loss of subjective self-identity
synthetic consciousness". Jung used analogies with alchemy to describe the individuation process, and the transference-processes which occur during therapy.
Ego_death
Satanic and left-hand path occultist group
order to result in a process of "individuation" which bestows adepthood. The most advanced form of magick in the ONA system is aeonic magick, the practice
Order_of_Nine_Angles
Gnostic mystical word with many meanings
Seven Sermons to the Dead, a representation of the driving force of individuation (synthesis, maturity, oneness), referred with the figures for the driving
Abraxas
Negative emotional state
(1975). The Psychological Birth of the Human Infant: Symbiosis and Individuation. New York: Basic Books. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-465-06659-9. Winnicott, D
Sadness
Mental ability to track moving objects with attention
Catherine; Minshew, Nancy; Luna, Beatriz (April 2013). "The development of individuation in autism". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and
Multiple_object_tracking
The Unity of Being
relations (nisab) and considerations (iʿtibārāt) such as emergence (ẓuhūr), individuation (taʿayyun), plurality that comes about through connection, admission
Wahdat_al-wujūd
1921 book by Carl Gustav Jung
ISBN 978-0691018133. Psychological Types text scan at Internet Archive Psychological Types: Or, the Psychology of Individuation public domain audiobook at LibriVox
Psychological_Types
Process of coalescing diverse communities into the Rajput community
restoration. Sara R. Farris (2013). Max Weber's Theory of Personality: Individuation, Politics and Orientalism in the Sociology of Religion. Brill. pp. 140–
Rajputisation
Terms of psychiatry
levels of his psyche." As modern humans go through their process of individuation, moving out of the collective unconscious into mature selves, they establish
Collective_unconscious
Activities that develop a person's capabilities and potential
Jung made contributions to personal development with his concept of individuation, which he saw as the drive of the individual to achieve the wholeness
Personal_development
and spectacular display into ambitious image-systems that influenced the period's visual culture. In parallel, historians of science and craft have emphasized
Western_esotericism_and_arts
German philosopher (1844–1900)
individuation, whereas Dionysus represents disorder, intoxication, emotion, ecstasy and unity (hence the omission of the principle of individuation)
Friedrich_Nietzsche
Opinions on when humans become persons
saying: "Only at gastrulation can we say that the lengthy process of individuation is complete". According to D.G. Jones, there are two types of brain
Beginning_of_human_personhood
Play by William Shakespeare
University Press. pp. 411–23. ISBN 978-0-19-924522-2. Hunt, Maurice (1986). "Individuation in "A Midsummer Night's Dream"". South Central Review. 3 (2). The South
A_Midsummer_Night's_Dream
Branch of natural philosophy
the psychic process of transformation, a process that Jung called "individuation". Specifically, he regarded the conjuring up of images of gold or Lapis
Alchemy
In psychology, a person's childlike aspect
innocence and potential, and later the “wounded child” as part of the individuation process of integrating unconscious material into a unified self. Jung’s
Inner_child
Radical shift in Western cosmology
emergence and individuation of new scientific specialties. Immanuel Kant in his Critique of Pure Reason (1787 edition) drew a parallel between the Copernican
Copernican_Revolution
Personality disorder
disorder resulted from core developmental problems with separation-individuation. More recently, Fonagy and Bateman have proposed that the disorder stems
Borderline personality disorder
Borderline_personality_disorder
Swiss philosopher (born 1972)
objects but ask us to imagine a model-system. It is believed that this approach addresses the concept of model individuation - that "if models are simply mathematical
Roman_Frigg
American composer (born 1934)
on film), and a trombonist. Nine sections evolve from I. INFANCY / INDIVIDUATION to X. COMMUNALITY / KNOWLEDGE. There is also a tenth section insert
Roger_Reynolds
of premodern symbol-systems—most prominently alchemy—as resources for theorising psychic structure, transformation and individuation. Techniques such as
Western esotericism and psychology
Western_esotericism_and_psychology
Philosophical category of inexpressible reality
the Real, where object (a) is at an impossible-to-find truth. Neither individuation nor differentiation can happen in the stagnancy of the Real. The three
The_Real
17th-century Iranian Shia philosopher and theologian
its relation to quiddities. al-Tashakhkhus, explaining the problem of individuation and clarified its relation to existence and its principality, which
Mulla_Sadra
New Age religious movement
textbook, and in 1965 The Huna Codes in Religions, examining parallels between his system and religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Christianity. Max
Huna_(New_Age)
Persian polymath, physician and philosopher (c. 980–1037)
connection between the body and soul be strong enough to ensure the soul's individuation, but weak enough to allow for its immortality. Avicenna grounds his
Avicenna
Set of theories
propose that an individual is composed of a diversity of different individuations, of other durations, both organic and inorganic [...] it is schizoanalysis
Schizoanalysis
phase" to "separation-individuation". American pediatrician and psychoanalyst Margaret Mahler theorized the separation-individuation process in the first
Autism_in_psychoanalysis
Hypothesis of language influencing thought
5840/intstudphil1994262171. ISSN 0270-5664. Gentner, Dedre; Boroditsky, Lera (2001). "Individuation, relativity, and early word development". In Melissa Bowerman and Stephen
Linguistic_relativity
Underlying state or underlying substance
Edmund Husserl Prakṛti – a similar term found in Hinduism Principle of individuation Prosopon or persona Reification (fallacy) Substance theory Anton 1977
Hypostasis (philosophy and religion)
Hypostasis_(philosophy_and_religion)
Visual perception theory
virtue of a limited-capacity mechanism that operates after the spatially parallel processes of feature detection and grouping but before the serial processes
Visual_indexing_theory
Mental processes not available to introspection
by psychoanalysis. Meyer-Dinkgräfe, Daniel "Hamlet's Procrastination: A Parallel to the Bhagavad-Gita, in Hamlet East West, edited by. Marta Gibinska and
Unconscious_mind
81, 131, 262 and 401. ISBN 1-85109-640-X. El-Shamy, Hasan (2017). "Individuation: Motif J1030.1§". In Garry, Jane; El-Shamy, Hasan (eds.). Archetypes
Cultural_depictions_of_lions
American social psychologist (1933–2024)
Mindlessly taking the first small step Dehumanization of others De-individuation of self (anonymity) Diffusion of personal responsibility Blind obedience
Philip_Zimbardo
Shinto god
Uehara, Toyoaki (1983). "The Shinto Myth – Meaning, Symbolism, and Individuation –". Tenri Journal of Religion (17–18). Tenri University Press: 195.
Susanoo-no-Mikoto
History of the interpersonal relationship framework
tb00172.x. PMID 6480730. Mahler MS (1971). "A study of the separation-individuation process and its possible application to borderline phenomena in the
History_of_attachment_theory
View that life and existence are of negative value
one "loses oneself" in the object of contemplation, and the sense of individuation temporarily dissolves. This is because the universality of the object
Philosophical_pessimism
Ethnic group in the Chambri Lakes region
Project MUSE 263656. Errington, Frederick; Gewertz, Deborah (1996). "The Individuation of Tradition in a Papua New Guinean Modernity". American Anthropologist
Chambri_people
Experience interpreted within a religious framework
regarded numinous experiences as fundamental to an understanding of the individuation process because of their association with experiences of synchronicity
Mystical or religious experience
Mystical_or_religious_experience
Genre of Medieval and early Tudor drama
than Everyman. There is also a general, continuous increase in the individuation and complexity of characters. In Nature, a prostitute is given a regular
Morality_play
Primary group of people with similar interests, age, background, or social status
S2CID 33895967. Maslach, Christina; Santee, Richard T.; Wade, Cheryl (1987). "Individuation, gender role, and dissent: Personality mediators of situational forces"
Peer_group
American philosopher (1803–1882)
was a student at Harvard at the time, called it "an event without former parallel on our literary annals". Another member of the audience, Reverend John
Ralph_Waldo_Emerson
Unpleasant emotion
creative person's simultaneous fear of – and desire for – separation, individuation, and differentiation. The theologian Paul Tillich characterized existential
Anxiety
Austrian art historian and polymath (1882–1949)
his work on Orphic symbolism in his 1935 essay "Dream Symbols and the Individuation Process" and subsequently in a lecture series on Nietzsche’s Thus Spoke
Robert_Eisler
Moment a being is said to gain a soul
Ford argues that a human individual could not begin before definitive individuation about two weeks after fertilization. This, he argues, is when it becomes
Ensoulment
1980 book by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari
hypertext. Gaming and electronic literature expert Espen Aarseth draws parallels between Deleuze and Guattari's idea of the rhizome and semiotician Umberto
A_Thousand_Plateaus
Adherence to spirituality without religious adherence
modern ideas of liberalism, socialism or science, but instead exists as a parallel reading of the discourse with contemporary society. Van der Veer identifies
Secular_spirituality
Tradition of Buddhist philosophy and psychology
hallucination or a dream. The investigation of verbal designations expressing individuation and differences (viśeṣaprajñaptiparyeṣaṇā), leads to correct cognition
Yogachara
School of psychology founded by Arnold Mindell
symptoms, and values their role in bringing awareness of a person's individuation process, the development of the Jungian Self. Mindell is recognised
Process-oriented_psychology
Philosophy of the Western world
theology and metaphysics, the problems of knowledge, of universals, and of individuation. A prominent figure of this period was Augustine of Hippo, one of the
Western_philosophy
Institution of higher learning in Paris, France
of the founder of deconstruction, Jacques Derrida and the thinker of individuation Gilbert Simondon. The tradition continues today through such philosophers
École normale supérieure (Paris)
École_normale_supérieure_(Paris)
Sicilian fairy tale
folktales. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1953. p. 166. El-Shamy, Hasan. "Individuation. Motif J1030.1§". In: Jane Garry and Hasan El-Shamy (eds.). Archetypes
The Dancing Water, the Singing Apple, and the Speaking Bird
The_Dancing_Water,_the_Singing_Apple,_and_the_Speaking_Bird
Photographic visiting card
distinction from rural or "barbaric" customs. It acted as a device for individuation and self-promotion, complementing urbanity manuals like that of Manuel
Carte_de_visite
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