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Spatial database
An object-based spatial database is a spatial database that stores the location as objects. The object-based spatial model treats the world as surface
Object-based_spatial_database
Database of data representing objects in geometric space
spatial database is a general-purpose database (usually a relational database) that has been enhanced to include spatial data that represents objects
Spatial_database
Database presenting data as objects
2017 ObjectBox Object databases based on persistent programming acquired a niche in application areas such as engineering and spatial databases, telecommunications
Object_database
Topological model
assertions in geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial databases. The DE-9IM model is based on a 3×3 intersection matrix with the form: where dim
DE-9IM
Organized collection of data in computing
In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system (DBMS), the software
Database
ObjectDatabase++ (ODBPP) is an embeddable object-oriented database designed for server applications that require minimal external maintenance. It is written
ObjectDatabase++
Family of proprietary spatial database formats
geodatabase design is based on the spatial database model for storing spatial data in relational and object-relational databases. Given the dominance of
Geodatabase_(Esri)
Database managing time and space information
variously as moving objects databases or real-time locating systems). Although there exist numerous relational databases with spatial extensions, spatiotemporal
Spatiotemporal_database
Proprietary database management system
As a converged database, it supports multiple data models within a single engine, including relational, JSON document, XML, spatial, graph, text, and
Oracle_Database
American-based company
Niantic Spatial, Inc. (ny-AN-tik SPAY-shəl) is an American-based physical artificial intelligence (AI) and spatial computing company headquartered in San
Niantic_Spatial
System to specify locations on Earth
moving objects such as ships. The latter two are often classified as subcategories of engineering coordinate systems. The goal of any spatial reference
Spatial_reference_system
interface (API). Spatial database An extension to an existing database software program (most commonly, an object-relational database management system)
Geographic information system software
Geographic_information_system_software
Topics referred to by the same term
OMT-G, configuration in object-based spatial databases Object-modeling technique, language for software modeling and designing Object model template, architecture
OMT
Study of database design and use
theory, database design theory, dependency theory, foundations of concurrency control and database recovery, deductive databases, temporal and spatial databases
Database_theory
database management systems Comparison of object–relational database management systems Comparison of database administration tools Object database –
Comparison of relational database management systems
Comparison_of_relational_database_management_systems
Database in which records or objects are found by following references from other objects
navigational database is a type of database in which records or objects are found primarily by following references from other objects. The term was
Navigational_database
Density-based data clustering algorithm
Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is a data clustering algorithm proposed by Martin Ester, Hans-Peter Kriegel, Jörg
DBSCAN
Standard for encoding geographical information
directly based on the objects in object-oriented programming languages. This is the basis of most modern file formats, including spatial databases that include
GIS_file_format
Geographic information system software library
types (events, moving objects, cell spaces, modifiable objects) and allows spatial, temporal and attribute queries on the database. TerraLib supports dynamic
TerraLib
Geospatial extension for the PostgreSQL Database
software program that adds support for geographic objects to the PostgreSQL object-relational database. PostGIS follows the Simple Features for SQL specification
PostGIS
Free and open-source geospatial processing engine
testbed for new features. Free and open-source software portal Object-based spatial database "Release 8.5.0". 8 May 2026. Retrieved 12 May 2026. Neteler
GRASS_GIS
Geospatial and graph component of Oracle Database
Oracle Spatial and Graph, formerly Oracle Spatial, is a free option component of the Oracle Database. The spatial features in Oracle Spatial and Graph
Oracle_Spatial_and_Graph
Overview of and topical guide to databases
subject-predicate-object, like "Bob is 35" or "Bob knows Fred". Vector database used in LLM-based applications for document retrieval Very large database (VLDB)
Outline_of_databases
Database using graph structures for queries
graph databases from the mid-1980s, such as the Logical Data Model. Commercial object databases (ODBMSs) emerged in the early 1990s. In 2000, the Object Data
Graph_database
American software company, 1986–2000
purchased Spatial and made it a subsidiary.[citation needed] The firm's flagship products include these programs: 3D ACIS Modeler – features an open, object-oriented
Spatial_Corp
Data mining framework
included algorithms perform clustering, outlier detection, and database indexes. The object-oriented architecture allows the combination of arbitrary algorithms
ELKI
Techniques to study geometric data
Computer tools favor the spatial definition of objects as homogeneous and separate elements because of the limited number of database elements and computational
Spatial_analysis
Partition of a surface into contiguous cells
grid-based spatial indices entails allocation of relevant objects to their position or positions in the grid, then creating an index of object identifiers
Grid_(spatial_index)
Computational strategy for large datasets
“Spatial Query Processing in an Object-Oriented Database System,” proposed concepts related to FRP as the study explores efficient methods for spatial
Filter_and_refine
Approach to create a short video summary of a long video
analyzes moving objects (also called events) in a database of objects and activities. The final output is a new, short video clip in which objects and activities
Video_synopsis
Image classification model
Network on some object recognition datasets such as Oxford Flower Dataset 102. Part-based models Fisher Vector encoding Segmentation-based object categorization
Bag-of-words model in computer vision
Bag-of-words_model_in_computer_vision
Software system for archaeology field data
of the historic vessel Wawona by East Carolina University. Object-based spatial database Holt P., 2007, "Research Schema". Archived from the original
Site_Recorder
Standard for geographical data
Analysis and Design. Databases". "MySQL :: MySQL 5.6 Reference Manual :: 12.15.9 Functions That Test Spatial Relations Between Geometry Objects". dev.mysql.com
Simple_Features
Designing how data is held in a database
data in rows and columns. In an Object database the storage objects correspond directly to the objects used by the Object-oriented programming language
Database_design
Data structures used in spatial indexing
contexts. A common real-world usage for an R-tree might be to store spatial objects such as restaurant locations or the polygons that typical maps are
R-tree
Design of geospatial data storage
number. The spatial database (also called the object-based model) first appeared in the 1990s. It also leverages the maturity of relational database management
Data_model_(GIS)
Feature detection algorithm in computer vision
perceptual information with spatial encoding. The object recognition scheme uses neighboring context based voting to estimate object models. "SURF: Speeded
Scale-invariant feature transform
Scale-invariant_feature_transform
file is saved by MapInfo Professional its objects are sorted into a storage sequence based on an R-tree spatial index. This optimises the read process of
MapInfo_TAB_format
Main component of geospatial processing programs suite
(an object-oriented programming language that supports multiple inheritance, polymorphism, multi-threading and is dynamically typed). A database technology
Smallworld
Partition of Earth's surface into subdivided cells
including vector and raster location representation, data fusion, and spatial databases. The most usual grids are for horizontal position representation,
Discrete_global_grid
Discrete phenomenon that exists at a location on Earth
information science, the terms feature, object, and entity are generally used as roughly synonymous. In the 1992 Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS), one
Geographical_feature
System to capture, manage, and present geographic data
visualize geographic data. Geographic data is often stored within a spatial database; however, this is not essential to meet the definition of a GIS. In
Geographic_information_system
Technology for determining an object's location in space
A positioning system is a system for determining the position of an object in space. Positioning system technologies exist ranging from interplanetary
Positioning_system
known objects of the Solar System and partial lists of smaller objects by observed mean radius. These lists can be sorted according to an object's radius
List of Solar System objects by size
List_of_Solar_System_objects_by_size
dimensions per geographic object to a continuous vector space with a much lower dimension. Such embedding methods allow complex spatial data to be used in neural
Spatial_embedding
Distributed database
index on any value field. Oracle NoSQL Database EE Stream based APIs allow reading and writing large objects (LOBs) such as audio and video files, without
Oracle_NoSQL_Database
576879. ISBN 978-0-8186-6270-6. "NIST Special Database 19". NIST. 2010-08-27. LeCun, Yann. "NORB: Generic Object Recognition in Images". cs.nyu.edu. Retrieved
List of datasets in computer vision and image processing
List_of_datasets_in_computer_vision_and_image_processing
Feature descriptor used in computer vision
except for object orientation. Such changes would only appear in larger spatial regions. Moreover, as Dalal and Triggs discovered, coarse spatial sampling
Histogram of oriented gradients
Histogram_of_oriented_gradients
Study of random spatial patterns
object processes, allowing construction of elaborate random spatial patterns. The simplest version, the Boolean model, places a random compact object
Stochastic_geometry
Map database management systems are software programs designed to store and recall spatial information for navigation applications, and are thus a form
Map_database_management
Term in computer science
operating on 2D or 3D spatial objects. Collision detection is closely linked to calculating the distance between objects, as objects collide when the distance
Collision_detection
Database software
networks. Spatial Object Library: for handling two-dimensional spatial objects. Ingres versions 6.4 and Ingres II have long been a commonly used database management
Ingres_(database)
Response that characterizes how an ear receives a sound from a point in space
fixed-position surround sound sources and dynamic "object" sources that can move in space. Apple similarly has Spatial Sound for its devices used with headphones
Head-related transfer function
Head-related_transfer_function
Historical storage format for geospatial data
The Spatial Archive and Interchange Format (SAIF, pronounced safe) was defined in the early 1990s as a self-describing, extensible format designed to
Spatial Archive and Interchange Format
Spatial_Archive_and_Interchange_Format
manager: Yes - user manager with support for database and schema permissions as well as for individual object (table, view, functions) permissions Some -
Comparison of database administration tools
Comparison_of_database_administration_tools
Database management system by SAP
HANA also includes a spatial database engine which implements spatial data types and SQL extensions for CRUD operations on spatial data. HANA is certified
SAP_HANA
Computerized information extraction from images
Object Detection and Manipulation". arXiv:1511.02999 [cs.CV]. Barghout, Lauren. "Visual Taxometric Approach to Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy-Spatial
Computer_vision
CAD data exchange file format
that is not controlled by a single vendor or group of vendors. It is an object-based data schema with a data model developed by buildingSMART (formerly the
Industry_Foundation_Classes
City Database is a free 3D geo database to store, represent, and manage virtual 3D city models on top of a standard spatial relational database. A database
3D_city_model
Constructing a physical environment based on scientific research
Evidence-based design (EBD) is the process of constructing a building or physical environment based on scientific research to achieve the best possible
Evidence-based_design
introduced including BSSRDF and SBRDF (spatial BRDF). SBRDF has a very similar definition to BTF, i.e. BTF is also a spatially varying BRDF. To cope with a massive
Bidirectional texture function
Bidirectional_texture_function
Educational programming system coded graphically by a user
expressions, spatial arrangements of text and graphic symbols, used either as elements of syntax or secondary notation. For example, many VPLs are based on the
Visual_programming_language
Method for recursively subdividing a space into two subsets using hyperplanes
rendering because it can efficiently give spatial information about the objects in a scene, such as objects being ordered from front-to-back with respect
Binary_space_partitioning
Object–relational mapping tool
relational database. Hibernate handles object–relational impedance mismatch problems by replacing direct, persistent database accesses with high-level object handling
Hibernate_(framework)
Partitioning a digital image into segments
semi-automatic segmentation, the algorithms return a spatial-taxon (i.e. foreground, object-group, object or object-part) selected by the user or designated via
Image_segmentation
Process of turning a place name/address to coordinates
1960s approach of separating spatial information with the approach of organizing this spatial information into database structures. In 1986, Mapping Display
Address_geocoding
Metadata used for describing geospatial data
at the Wayback Machine is a logical data model and physical implementation of a Spatial Metadata Database, based on ISO19115 and is INSPIRE compliant.
Geospatial_metadata
School of Wuhan University, China
Software Engineering: Mathematical Modeling & Optimization, Database Principles & Applications, Object-oriented Program Design, Software Procedure Management
International School of Software, Wuhan University
International_School_of_Software,_Wuhan_University
SPARQL engine
for large-scale spatial joins, demonstrating the ability to compute all spatial relations between the 1.4 billion geometric objects in the complete OpenStreetMap
QLever
Attaching URLs tags to tanglible objects
Object hyperlinking is extending the Internet to objects and locations in the real world. Object hyperlinking aims to extend the Internet to the physical
Object_hyperlinking
Open source column-oriented RDBMS
access via HTTP, HTTPS, and S3-compatible object storage (including Azure write support since v1.5) spatial — geospatial functions (ST_* family); GEOMETRY
DuckDB
rudimentary way. Meanwhile, the relational database was quickly becoming the most promising software for managing non-spatial data, and several nascent GIS software
Georelational_data_model
Open-source Java software library
open source GIS PostGIS - spatial types and operations for PostgreSQL GeoDjango – Django's support for GIS-enabled databases Google Earth – A virtual globe
JTS_Topology_Suite
Process of determining spatial characteristics of objects
set (f) Transform contours, goto (b) Systems exist which use a database of an object at different rotations and translations to compare an input image
3D_pose_estimation
Geography Markup Language 3 (GML3), the extendible international standard for spatial data exchange issued by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and the ISO
CityGML
Set of principles for modeling solid geometry
This scheme is based on notion of families of object, each member of a family distinguishable from the other by a few parameters. Each object family is called
Solid_modeling
International non-governmental organization
point coordinates and other geometric and semantic object information for populating spatial databases and for creating virtual reality 3D scenes with real-life
International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
International_Society_for_Photogrammetry_and_Remote_Sensing
German science educator, academic and researcher
constructed objects. Moratz's research indicates that certain spatial invariants can be used to detect meaningful high-level object classes, as object shape
Reinhard_Moratz
Intense period of design or planning activity
leaders in the NCI Charrette System—an accelerated, collaborative, design-based process that harnesses the talents and energies of all interested stakeholders
Charrette
Subset of graphic design
narrative, whereas motion design is typically associated with setting abstract objects, text and other graphic design elements in motion. Bringing a graph, infographic
Motion_graphic_design
Constructing product by means of computer
vector-based graphics to depict the objects of traditional drafting, or may also produce raster graphics showing the overall appearance of designed objects.
Computer-aided_design
Desktop geographic information system
Bitmaps or Raster Formats such as GeoTIFF, ECW, Mr. SID, JPEG, PNG, MRR Spatial Databases: Oracle, PostGIS, SQL Server, SQLite and GeoPackage Open Geospatial
MapInfo_Pro
System that provides database services specifically for arrays
traditional database tuples and objects tend to fit well into a single database page – a unit of disk access on server, typically 4 KB – while array objects easily
Array_DBMS
Conceptual design discipline
Spatial design is a relatively new conceptual design discipline that crosses the boundaries of traditional design specialisms such as architecture, landscape
Spatial_design
Relational model database server
products, including database servers, developed by IBM. It initially supported the relational model, but was extended to support object–relational features
IBM_Db2
Multi-model database
They originally called the database system “A Versatile Object Container", or AVOC for short, leading them to call the database AvocadoDB. Later, they changed
ArangoDB
Design philosophy of 19th–20th centuries
general, which states that the appearance and structure of a building or object (architectural form) should primarily relate to its intended function or
Form_follows_function
Type of artificial neural network
the object while including its spatial relationships as part of the object. In capsnets, the pose can incorporate properties other than spatial relationships
Capsule_neural_network
Overview of and topical guide to computer science
visual images synthetically, and for integrating or altering visual and spatial information sampled from the real world. Image processing – Determining
Outline_of_computer_science
Family of database software by Microsoft
database management systems Comparison of object–relational database management systems Comparison of data modeling tools List of relational database
Microsoft_SQL_Server
Software services that use location data
contexts, such as health, indoor object search, entertainment, work, personal life, etc. Commonly used examples of location-based services include navigation
Location-based_service
science, the process of removing physical, spatial, or temporal details or attributes in the study of objects or systems in order to more closely attend
Glossary_of_computer_science
American computer software company
1996: Informix acquired Illustra Information Technologies, an object/relational database company. Universal Web Architecture, which makes use of Illustra
Informix_Corporation
Galaxy in the constellation Pegasus
7320—confirming its proximity as a foreground silhouette. Based on its distance and spatial velocity, NGC 7320 is classified as a physical member of the
NGC_7320
Geographic information system maintained by Esri
an object–relational database approach for storing spatial data. A geodatabase is a "container" for holding datasets, tying together the spatial features
ArcGIS
Mathematical function in general imaging
considering the recorded image as a CTF-degraded true object, describing the CTF allows the true object to be reverse-engineered. This is typically denoted
Contrast_transfer_function
Online, collaborative historical mapping project
representing a real-world place or object that changes over time. It can be represented by multiple features in the database, each corresponding to different
OpenHistoricalMap
Method of spatial measurement using laser
Lidar measurements help identify the spatial structure of the obstacle. This helps distinguish objects based on size and estimate the impact of driving
Lidar
Approach for designing software
starting in 1986 and the two successive editions (1988, 1997) of his book Object-Oriented Software Construction. Eiffel Software applied for trademark registration
Design_by_contract
Point or an area on Earth's surface or elsewhere
Determination of the geographic position of an object Global Positioning System (GPS) – American satellite-based radio navigation service Locale (geographic)
Location
travel, tourism, insurance
OBJECT BASED-SPATIAL-DATABASE
OBJECT BASED-SPATIAL-DATABASE
OBJECT BASED-SPATIAL-DATABASE
OBJECT BASED-SPATIAL-DATABASE
OBJECT BASED-SPATIAL-DATABASE
OBJECT BASED-SPATIAL-DATABASE
OBJECT BASED-SPATIAL-DATABASE
OBJECT BASED-SPATIAL-DATABASE
OBJECT BASED-SPATIAL-DATABASE
travel, tourism, insurance