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Sanskrit text, linked to Shukla Yajurveda
The Mandala-brahmana Upanishad (Sanskrit: मण्डलब्राह्मण उपनिषत्), also known as Mandalabrahmanopanisad, is one of the minor Upanishads of Hinduism and
Mandala-brahmana_Upanishad
Group of 20 Hindu texts
Yoga Upanishads are a group of Upanishads of Hinduism related to Yoga. There are twenty Yoga Upanishads in the anthology of 108 Upanishads listed in the
Yoga_Upanishads
8th-century Indian Vedic scholar
Kaushitaki Upanishad, Maitri Upanishad, Kaivalya Upanishad, Paramahamsa Upanishad, Sakatayana Upanishad, Mandala Brahmana Upanishad, Maha Narayana Upanishad, Gopalatapaniya
Adi_Shankara
Sanskrit-language anthology of 108 Upaniṣhads
Upanishad Naradaparivrajaka Upanishad Trishikhibrahmana Upanishad Sita Upanishad Yogachudamani Upanishad Nirvana Upanishad Mandala-brahmana Upanishad
Muktikā
Sacred sound in Indian religions
of the Taittiriya Upanishad, which consensus research indicates was formulated around the same time or preceding Aitareya Brahmana, the sound Aum is attributed
Om
Part of the ancient Indian Vedas
of the Vedas are the Samhitas (benedictions, hymns), Brahmanas (commentary), and the Upanishads (spirituality and abstract philosophy). Aranyakas describe
Aranyaka
Dwarf avatar of Vishnu
Upanishad is one of the Mukhya or Principal 108 Upanishads. From the last book of the Satapatha Brahmana (Kanva recension; this article cites the Madhyandina
Vamana
First sacred canonical text of Hinduism
of the Samhita, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Upanishads. The Rigveda Samhita is the core text and is a collection of 10 books (maṇḍalas) with 1,028 hymns
Rigveda
Fourth Veda, ancient scriptures of Hinduism
a Brahmana text, and a final layer that covers philosophical speculations. The latter layer of Atharvaveda text includes three primary Upanishads, influential
Atharvaveda
Oldest scriptures of Hinduism
Brahmanas and Aranyakas ceased with the end of the Vedic period, additional Upanishads were composed after the end of the Vedic period. The Brahmanas
Vedas
Seven sages of Hinduism, Jainism
enumerate these rishis by name, although later Vedic texts such as the Brahmanas and Upanishads do, so these constellations are easily recognizable. An early prototype
Saptarshi
Description of the universe in Hindu texts
The Upanishads, Vol I. Kessinger Publishing. p. 228. ISBN 978-1-4191-8641-7. Retrieved 15 December 2012. Fourth Brâhmana in Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, Fourth
Hindu_cosmology
Hindu fire god
The Thirteen Principal Upanishads, Oxford University Press, p. 422 Muller, Max. "Maitrayana-Brahmana Upanishad". The Upanishads. Vol. Part 2. Oxford University
Agni
Goddess-related Hindu text
Devi Upanishad (Sanskrit:देवी उपनिषत्), is one of the minor Upanishads of Hinduism and a text composed in Sanskrit. It is one of the 19 Upanishads attached
Devi_Upanishad
Male celestial being in Hinduism
three worlds, or as 12 Adityas, 11 Rudras, 8 Vasus and 2 Asvins in the Brahmanas layer of Vedic texts. The Rigveda states in hymn 1.139.11, ये देवासो दिव्येकादश
Deva_(Hinduism)
Upanishad on Hindu god Ganesha
गणपत्यथर्वशीर्ष, Gaṇapatyatharvaśīrṣa) is a Sanskrit text and a minor Upanishad of Hinduism. It is a late Upanishadic text dedicated to Ganesha, the deity
Ganapati_Atharvaśīrṣa
Mantra of the Vedic tradition
well-known works such as the Jaiminiya Upanishad Brahmana. The text also appears in minor Upanishads, such as the Surya Upanishad.[citation needed] The Gayatri
Gayatri_Mantra
Religions that originated on the Indian subcontinent
is most significant for the composition of the four Vedas, Brahmanas and the older Upanishads (both presented as discussions on the rituals, mantras and
Indian_religions
Ritual offering sacrifice in Hinduism
Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, Chandogya Upanishad, Kaushitaki Upanishad and Pranagnihotra Upanishad. The oldest principal Upanishads, such as the Chandogya Upanishad (~700
Yajna
Hindu Vaishnava text
The Gopala Tapani Upanishad (Gopāla-tāpanī Upaniṣad) is a Sanskrit text, and one of the later Upanishads attached to the Atharvaveda. The Gopāla-Tāpanī
Gopala_Tapani_Upanishad
Esoteric traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism
and Jainism. The two oldest Upanishads of Hinduism, the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad in section 4.2 and Chandogya Upanishad in section 8.6, refer to nadis
Tantra
Indian concept of the cyclical process of death and rebirth
Principal Upanishads such as in verse 1.3.7 of the Katha Upanishad, verse 6.16 of the Shvetashvatara Upanishad, verses 1.4 and 6.34 of the Maitri Upanishad. The
Saṃsāra
mentioned in the Gautama dharma-sutra, Shatapatha Brahmana, Kathaaka-grey-sutra, Chandogya Upanishad, Markandeya Purana, and many others. The shastras
Karma_in_Hinduism
Term of self study
("svādhyāya must be practiced"). Śatpath Brāhmana also repeats it.[full citation needed] Chandogya Upanishad verse 4.16.1-2 recommends both silent (mānas)
Svādhyāya
Historic form of Sanskrit
be identified within the Vedic language: Ṛg-vedic Mantra Saṃhitā prose Brāhmaṇa prose Sūtras The first three are commonly grouped together, as the Saṃhitās
Vedic_Sanskrit
Hindu tradition of textual interpretation
parts i.e Samhita, Brahmana, Aranyaka and Upanishads, Upanishads are the ultimate and final part of vedas, Vedanta is called as Upanishads. Veda can also
Advaita_Vedanta
Epithet of the Hindu deity Vishnu
in selective Vaishnavaite Upanishads like the Narayana Upanishad, Mahanarayana Upanishad, and the Nrisimha Tapaniya Upanishad. The Padma Purana relates
Narayana
Varna in Hinduism, one of four castes
Brahmin (/ˈbrɑːmɪn/; Sanskrit: ब्राह्मण, romanized: brāhmaṇa) is a varna (social class) within Hindu society. The other three varnas are the Kshatriya
Brahmin
Kaushitaki Upanishad, Maitri Upanishad, Kaivalya Upanishad, Paramahamsa Upanishad, Sakatayana Upanishad, Mandala Brahmana Upanishad, Maha Narayana Upanishad, and
History_of_Advaita_Vedanta
Vedic Hindu deity
Veda and Upanishads. Vol. 2.[full citation needed] Rig Veda: Mandala 2, Hymn XXX, line 1 Rig Veda: Mandala 3, Hymn LV, line 19 Rig Veda: Mandala 5, Hymn LXXXII
Savitr
Vedic sage
other Saptarishis, listed in the colophon verse in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad. Kashyapa is an ancient name, referring to many different personalities
Kashyapa
Tortoise form of the Hindu god Vishnu
notes that in relation to 'Akupara Kashyapa' in the Pancavimsa Brahmana and Jaiminiya Brahmana, the tortoise is equal to 'a firm standing... and Kashyapa
Kurma
Āstika school of Hindu philosophy
most naturally derived out of the speculations in the Vedas, Brahmanas and the Upanishads'. Johnston in 1937 analyzed then available Hindu and Buddhist
Samkhya
Spiritual practices from ancient India
the senses) is mentioned in hymn 8.15 of the Chandogya Upanishad. The Jaiminiya Upanishad Brahmana (probably before the 6th c. BCE) teaches breath control
Yoga
Goddess in Hinduism
power of Shiva in Tripura Upanishad, Bahvricha Upanishad and Guhyakali Upanishad. Devi identifies herself in the Devi Upanishad as Brahman in her reply
Devi
Tantric sexual practices
knowledge. (Brhadaranyaka Upanishad 6.4.3, trans. Olivelle 1998: 88) According to Samuel, late Vedic texts like the Jaiminiya Brahmana, the Chandogya Upanisad
Tantric_sex
Hindu deity associated with water
The Chandogya Upanishad includes Varuna in ritual prayers and refers to him as the source of sustenance and purity. The Maitri Upanishad portrays him as
Varuna
Hindu rite of passage marking intent to have a child
Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814684, pages 534-539 Brihadaranyaka Upanishad VI Adhyaya 4 Brahmana 17 and
Garbhadhana
Sage in Hinduism
one most mentioned in the Rigveda. The fifth Mandala (Book 5) of the Rigveda is called the Atri Mandala in his honour, and the eighty seven shlokas in
Atri
Solar deity in Hinduism
principle and the seed of the universe. It is in the Brahmanas layer of the Vedas, and the Upanishads that Surya is explicitly linked to the power of sight
Surya
Hindu sage
Vedic texts, a few even in the Upanishads. He was the reputed purohita or chief priest of King Bharata (Aitareya Brahmana VIII.23), one of the earliest
Dirghatamas
Hindu mantra
Mahamrityunjaya Mantra Om Namo Narayanaya Prayer beads Rudrakshajabala Upanishad Satguru Bodhinatha, Veylanswami (2017). What Is the Namaḥ Śivāya Mantra
Om_Namah_Shivaya
Rites of passage described in ancient Sanskrit texts
Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814684, pages 534-539 Brihadaranyaka Upanishad VI Adhyaya 4 Brahmana 17 and
Samskara_(rite_of_passage)
Indian Hindu text, the oldest layer of the Vedas
and medicine) Yogayajnavalkya Samhita Shandilya Samhita Aranyaka Brahmana Upanishad Veda saMhita, Monier-Williams' Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Oxford
Samhita
14th-century Vijayanagaran Vedic commentator
Samaveda-bhashya Tandya-brahmana-bhashya Samavidhana-brahmana-bhashya Arsheya-brahmana-bhashya Devatadhyaya-brahmana-bhashya Samhitopanishad-brahmana-bhashya
Sāyaṇa
Major Hindu goddess; goddess of wealth and beauty
Vedic literature—which includes the four Vedas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas, and the Upanishads—the name Shri appears frequently, while Lakshmi becomes
Lakshmi
Major deity in Hinduism
Shvetashvatara Upanishad presents pluralism, pantheism, or henotheism, rather than being a text just on Shiva theism. Self-realization and Shaiva Upanishads He who
Shiva
Tradition in Hinduism linked to Advaita Vedanta
development of Hinduism took place between the time of the late Vedic Upanishad (c. 500 BCE) and the period of the rise of the Guptas (c. 320–467), which
Smarta_tradition
Hindu tradition that worships Shiva
special in numerous Shaiva texts and Upanishads, as well as in the pan-Hindu Sannyasa Upanishads such as the Jabala Upanishad. The early Bhakti movement poets
Shaivism
Vedic sage
all the four Vedas of Hinduism, and is a character in the Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upanishads, epics, and many Puranas. He is the author of hymns 1.165 to
Agastya
Hindu prayer
Verse 1 (yajñena ... devāḥ) is from Ṛgveda, Mandala 1, Sūkta 164, Ṛc 50. This Verse also occurs in Ṛgveda, Mandala 10, Sūkta 90, Ṛc 16 and in Atharvaveda,
Mantrapushpanjali
Vedic scholar from ancient Mithila
"the first great linguist in human history". According to Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, he was defeated in a debate with Yajnavalkya at the court of king Janaka
Shakalya
Variety of spiritual meditation practices in Indian religions
ancient Hindu scriptures, including the Rig Veda (10.154.5), Shatapatha Brahmana (5.3 - 5.17), and Atharva Veda (4.34.1, 6.61.1, 11.1.26). In these texts
Tapas_(Indian_religions)
Motivated abstinence from worldly pleasures
do see for example Naradaparivrajaka Upanishad mentioned below Muller, F. Max, ed. (1900). The Satapatha Brahmana, Part V. The Sacred Books of the East
Brahmacharya
Range of Indian religious traditions
Smriti Rigveda Samaveda Yajurveda Atharvaveda Samhita Brahmana Aranyaka Upanishads The 108 Upanishads Isha Kena Katha Prashna Mundaka Mandukya Taittiriya
Outline_of_Hinduism
Hindu god of the wind
Supreme Being Vishvapurusha and also the first one to drink Soma. The Upanishads praise him as Prana or 'life breath of the world'. In the later Hindu
Vayu
Symbolic serpent with its tail in its mouth
poems of Kalir in the 6th–7th centuries.[citation needed] In the Aitareya Brahmana, a Vedic text of the early 1st millennium BCE, the nature of the Vedic
Ouroboros
Concept in Indian religions
other. In the Yajurveda, māyā is an unfathomable plan. In the Aitareya Brahmana Maya is also referred to as Dirghajihvi, hostile to gods and sacrifices
Maya_(religion)
Protection of the body in South Asia
panels. The rein-holder wears a neck ornament and a garland. — Jaiminīya-Brāhmaṇa Armour is discussed in Chanakya's Arthashastra (320 BCE). The Arthashastra
Indian_armour
Three canonical texts of Vedanta theology
epistemic authority, especially of the Vedanta schools. It consists of: The Upanishads, known as Upadeśa Prasthānam (injunctive texts), and the Śruti Prasthānam
Prasthanatrayi
philosophically diverse themes in early Upanishads like the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad and Chandogya Upanishad. The ideas of the Upanishads were synthesised into a theistic
History_of_Hinduism
Supreme goddess in Hinduism
McDaniel Shakta Upanishads are a group of minor Upanishads of Hinduism related to the Shaktism theology. There are eight Shakta Upanishads in the Muktika
Mahadevi
Goddess-centric sect of Hinduism
Mahatmya, Devi-Bhagavata Purana, Kalika Purana, and Shakta Upanishads like the Devi Upanishad are revered. In Shaktism, the Devi Mahatmya is considered
Shaktism
Boar avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu
boar being the sacrifice. The tale is also recalled in Charaka Brahmana and Kathaka Brahmana; the latter calls the boar Emusha. According to J. L. Brockington
Varaha
Spiritual teacher and guide
the power to dispel darkness, the guru is thus named. — Advayataraka Upanishad (100 BCE–300 CE), Verse 16. A popular etymological theory considers the
Guru
Sanskrit word and a virtue in Indian religions
Translation 3: The true prevails, not the untrue. — Mundaka Upanishad, 3.1.6 Sandilya Upanishad of Atharvaveda, in Chapter 1, includes ten forbearances as
Satya
Text in Hinduism, Buddhism, or Jainism, often a collection of aphorisms
knowledge can be woven. The oldest sutras of Hinduism are found in the Brahmana and Aranyaka layers of the Vedas. Every school of Hindu philosophy, Vedic
Sutra
Major deity in Hinduism
Purana are the most significant texts on Durga. The Devi Upanishad and other Shakta Upanishads, mostly dated to have been composed in or after the 9th
Durga
Nondualistic tantra tradition in Tibetan Buddhism
Buddhist, Saiva, Brahmana, Jaina, etc. It also says that initiation into the Kālacakra mandala is also initiation into the mandalas of all deities, including
Kalachakra
Literature of Sanskrit language
the literature of Vedic Sanskrit: Rigvedic Hymns Mantras Saṃhitā prose Brāhmaṇa prose Sūtras The first three are commonly grouped together, as the Saṃhitās
Sanskrit_literature
Principal Hindu goddess; goddess of knowledge, music, and speech
and to nurture fertility. In later Vedic literature, particularly the Brahmanas, Saraswati is increasingly identified with the Vedic goddess of speech
Saraswati
Ancient umbrella term for numerous Hindu texts
interpretations in spite of the limitations of the human personality. — Aitareya Brahmana, 6.5.27 The meaning of Shilpa, according to Stella Kramrisch, is complex
Shilpa_Shastras
Buddhist term meaning "loving-kindness"
this sense in the Vedic literature, such as the Shatapatha Brahmana and various early Upanishads, and Vedanga literature such as Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī 5.4
Maitrī
Major deity in Hinduism
Upanishads are minor Upanishads of Hinduism, related to Vishnu theology. There are 14 Vaishnava Upanishads in the Muktika anthology of 108 Upanishads
Vishnu
Hindu sage
mainly in Mandalas I and VIII. Various Angirasa sub-clans, including the Śunahotras, the Gautamas, and the Bhāradvājas composed Mandalas II, IV, and
Angiras
Fire ritual in Indian religions
reverence for fire and cooked food (pākayajña) that developed in Asia, and the Brahmana layers of the Vedas are the earliest records of this ritual reverence.
Homa_(ritual)
Mythical beings in Indian religions
ISBN 978-0-19-063339-4. Oertel, Hanns (1896). The Jāiminīya or Talavakāra Upaniṣad Brāhmaṇa. Journal of the American Oriental Society; JSTOR. pp. 193. Jeaneane D Fowler
Asura
Concept in Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism
existence. The term also appears in scriptures of Hinduism, such as the Upanishads, in discussions of moksha (spiritual liberation). While the term dukkha
Duḥkha
Religious thought and practice independent of belief in deities
be applied. It is with the Upanishads, reckoned to be written in the first millennia (coeval with the ritualistic Brahmanas), that the Vedic emphasis on
Nontheistic_religion
Rigvedic hymns dedicated to Lakshmi
usually appended to the Fifth Mandala of the Rigveda. Most of its verses were probably composed during the period of the Brahmanas, with a few added in the
Śrī_Sūkta
Major goddess in Hinduism
however, identifies Parvati in the Kena Upanishad, suggesting her to be the same as Uma and Ambika in the Upanishad, referring to Parvati is thus an embodiment
Parvati
Epithet for god, lord, blessed one in Hinduism and Buddhism
found that knowing it, one knows everything? — Mundaka Upanishad, I.1.3 The Mundaka Upanishad then answers this question in two parts over verses 1.1
Bhagavan
Vedic Sage in Hindu tradition
The term Kapileya, meaning "clans of Kapila", occurs in the Aitareya Brahmana VII.17 but provides no information on the original Kapila. The pariśiṣṭa
Kapila
Indian architecture and design-related texts
gardens, water bodies and nature. The central area in all mandala is the Brahmasthana. Mandala "circle-circumference" or "completion", is a concentric diagram
Vastu_shastra
English translations of Asian religious texts (1879–1910 Max Müller, editor)
are widely available online. sacred-texts.com Müller, Max. [1879]. The Upanishads, Part 1. Wikiquote has quotations related to Sacred Books of the East
Sacred_Books_of_the_East
Indo-Aryan tribes, c. 1700–1400 BCE
origin. In Mandala 6, it is recalled that Purukutsa, chieftain of Purus, had destroyed autumnal forts in the Afghan mountains. In Mandala 4, it is stated
Puru_(Vedic_tribe)
Sukta
called the Aṃbhṛnīsūktam, is the 125th sūkta (hymn) occurring in the 10th mandala of the Rigveda. It was composed by the female seer Vāc Āmbhṛṇī, daughter
Devīsūkta
Sanskrit text by Sage Garga
Rigveda Samaveda Yajurveda Atharvaveda Divisions Samhita Brahmana Aranyaka Upanishads Upanishads Rig vedic Aitareya Kaushitaki Sama vedic Chandogya Kena
Garga Samhita (Vaishnavite text)
Garga_Samhita_(Vaishnavite_text)
Sage in Hinduism
ancient Vedic society. He and his family of students were the authors of Mandala 6 in the Rigveda. In the epic Mahabharata, Bharadvaja was the father of
Bharadvaja
Mythical kingdom in Tibetan Buddhist and Hindu tradition
Yajurveda Samaveda Atharvaveda Divisions Samhita Brahmana Aranyaka Upanishads Upanishads Principal Upanishads Rigveda: Aitareya Kaushitaki Yajurveda: Brihadaranyaka
Shambhala
Indian mythological character
arrived in the subcontinent before the Aryans who composed the Rigveda. The Brahmana texts do also state that the Ikshvakus were a line of princes descended
Ikshvaku
Vedic ritual drink
early Vedic Indo-Aryans. The Rigveda mentions it, particularly in the Soma Mandala. It is equivalent to the Iranian haoma, and associated with immortality
Soma_(drink)
Key concept in Indian philosophy and Eastern religions, with multiple meanings
rules that created the universe from chaos, as well as rituals; in Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas and the Epics, its meanings became refined, richer, and more
Dharma
Verse and mantra of the Ṛgveda
Ṛgveda, reads: In the Ṛgveda, the verse is found in sūkta (hymn) LIX of maṇḍala (book) VII, a composite hymn attributed to Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi. The final
Mahamrityunjaya_Mantra
Place of worship in Hinduism
embraces the Self knows neither within nor without. — Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, 7th century BCE The architecture of Hindu temples is also symbolic. The
Hindu_temple
Collection of cave temples in Maharashtra, India
temple's orientation as well as the relative location of other temples form a mandala pattern. The carvings narrate Hindu legends, with the large monolithic
Elephanta_Caves
plausible. The Arsheya Brahmana is the earliest Anukramani of the Samaveda, belonging to its Kauthuma shakha. The Jaiminiya Arsheya Brahmana is a later Anukramani
Anukramaṇī
Hindu deity
Random House. pp. 13–14. ISBN 978-0-385-53191-7. "Mandala Puja 2022: All you need to know about Mandala Kalam". The Times of India. 17 November 2022. ISSN 0971-8257
Ayyappan
Collection of Hindu religious texts
to Shankara, Madhva and Ramanujan Vedantic discussions. The Vedas and Upanishads are common scriptures of Hinduism, states Dhavamony, while the Agamas
Agama_(Hinduism)
Indian saint
who is devoted to Krishna automatically becomes a brahmana, there were only very few non-brahmana, who played a role of leadership in the young group
Haridasa_Thakur
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