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Chinese warlord (1903–1975)
Ma Bufang (traditional Chinese: 馬步芳; simplified Chinese: 马步芳; pinyin: Mǎ Bùfāng; Wade–Giles: Ma3 Pu4-fang1; Xiao'erjing: مَا بُفَانْ; 1903 – 31 July
Ma_Bufang
Hui political faction
"Four Ma" (rather than Three), adding Ma Bufang's brother Ma Buqing to the list of the top warlords. Other prominent Mas included Ma Anliang, Ma Lin, Ma Hushan
Ma_clique
Mansion in Xining, Qinghai, China
Ma Bufang Mansion (simplified Chinese: 马步芳公馆; traditional Chinese: 馬步芳公館; pinyin: MǎBùfāngGōngguǎn) was the mansion of the Chinese Muslim warlord and General
Ma_Bufang_Mansion
Chinese general and politician (1873–1945)
of 1936 Ma Bufang made his move to expel his uncle from power and replace him. Ma Bufang made his position unstable and unbearable until Ma Lin resigned
Ma_Lin_(warlord)
Political party in the Republic of China
the Uyghur Yulbars Khan. The Muslim General Ma Bufang also put KMT symbols on his mansion, the Ma Bufang Mansion along with a portrait of party founder
Kuomintang
Chinese-speaking ethnoreligious group
Chongxi, Ma Hongbin, Ma Hongkui, and Ma Bufang were Hui and fought against the Imperial Japanese Army. The Japanese attempted to approach Ma Bufang but could
Hui_people
Spiritual leader of Tibet since 1940
Qinghai. Before going to Taktser, Kewtsang had gone to Ma Bufang to pay his respects. When Ma Bufang heard a candidate had been found in Taktser, he had
14th_Dalai_Lama
Former de facto state in East Asia
been paid by Lhasa to the Hui Muslim warlord Ma Bufang, who ruled Qinghai (Chinghai) from Xining, Ma Bufang released him to travel to Lhasa in 1939. He
Tibet_(1912–1951)
Province of China
Muslim warlord and General Ma Qi became military governor of Qinghai, followed by his brother Ma Lin and then Ma Qi's son Ma Bufang. In 1932 Tibet invaded
Qinghai
Zhancang Ma Fuyuan Ma Ju-lung Ma Zhanhai Bai Chongxi Ma Ching-chiang (Lt. General) Warlords of the Ma clique during the Republic of China era: Ma Bufang Ma Zhongying
Islam_in_China
Chinese Muslim Ma Clique General in the National Revolutionary Army
Ma Bufang, the Governor of Qinghai. A member of the Ma family, Ma Biao was the eldest son of Ma Haiqing 馬海清, who was the sixth younger brother of Ma Haiyan
Ma_Biao_(general)
1932 conflict between Tibet and Ma Clique warlords
an excuse in 1932, the Tibetan army attacked. Qinghai Muslim General Ma Bufang overran the Tibetan armies and recaptured several counties in Xikang province
Qinghai–Tibet_War
Republic of China warlord (1901–1977)
Qinghai. Ma Buqing received a Confucian Classical Chinese education, while his brother Ma Bufang received education in Islam to become an Imam. Ma Buqing
Ma_Buqing
Turkic ethnic group of China
General Ma Bufang. He fought in the Kuomintang Islamic Insurgency in China (1950–1958), leading Salars in a revolt in 1952 and 1958. Ma Bufang, enlisted
Salar_people
1950 counterinsurgency campaign
insurgents were former members of Ma Bufang's Republic of China Army (Ma clique). Several of them were prominent generals, such as Ma Hushan, who had earlier fought
Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Southwestern China
Campaign_to_Suppress_Bandits_in_Southwestern_China
War between China and Tibet
defeated the Sichuan army, which was focused on internal fights. Ma clique warlord Ma Bufang secretly sent a telegram to Sichuan warlord Liu Wenhui and the
Sino-Tibetan_War_of_1930–1932
Conflict between Golok people and the Ma Clique
areas of Qinghai (Amdo), undertaken by two Hui commanders, Gen. Ma Qi and Gen. Ma Bufang, on behalf of the Beiyang and Kuomintang governments of the Republic
Golok_conflicts_(1917–1949)
Chinese Muslim General
Gansu Bureau of Construction. Ma Qi's eldest son was Ma Buqing and another son was Ma Bufang. Ma Qi was the uncle of Ma Zhongying. He died on 5 August
Ma_Qi
Chinese politician (1915–1989)
whom Ma Bufang decided to use as forced labor rather than execute.[citation needed] Ma Bufang sent several Muslim cavalry divisions under General Ma Biao
Hu_Yaobang
City in Qinghai, China
rule of Governor Ma Bufang, Xining, like the rest of Qinghai, underwent industrialization and modernization. In 1947 the USA sold Ma Bufang a piped water
Xining
1944–1946 uprising in northern Xinjiang, China
control. The Kuomintang worked with the Hui Muslim Ma Clique warlord of Qinghai, General Ma Bufang, to build up its military forces around Xinjiang and
Ili_Rebellion
1937–1945 conflict in East Asia
Japanese such as Bai Chongxi, Ma Hongbin, Ma Hongkui, Ma Bufang, Ma Zhanshan, Ma Biao, Ma Zhongying, Ma Buqing and Ma Hushan. Qinghai Tibetans served
Second_Sino-Japanese_War
Battle of the Chinese civil war
control of the Nationalist-aligned Ma clique over Gansu and Qinghai. In response, the forces of Ma Bufang and Ma Buqing, supported by the Nationalist
Western_Expedition_(1936)
Leader of the Republic of China from 1928 to 1975
orders from Chiang, Ma Bufang repaired Yushu Airport to prevent Tibetan separatists from seeking independence. Chiang also ordered Ma Bufang to put his Muslim
Chiang_Kai-shek
1937 battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War
was replaced by Lieutenant General Kiyoshi Katsuki. Muslim General Ma Bufang of the Ma clique notified the Chinese government that he was prepared to lead
Battle_of_Beiping–Tianjin
Chongxi, Ma Hongbin, Ma Hongkui, and Ma Bufang were Hui and fought against the Imperial Japanese Army. The Japanese attempted to approach Ma Bufang but could
Chinese Muslims in the Second Sino-Japanese War
Chinese_Muslims_in_the_Second_Sino-Japanese_War
Spiritual leader of Tibet from 1879 to 1933
Chinese Muslim General Ma Bufang and Han General Liu Wenhui defeated the Tibetan army during the subsequent Qinghai–Tibet War. Ma Bufang overran the Tibetan
13th_Dalai_Lama
Chinese warlord (1921–2012)
northwestern province of Qinghai. He was the son and only child of general Ma Bufang and commanded nationalist forces against the communists at the Heshui
Ma_Jiyuan
History of the Taiwanese political party
the Muslim General Ma Bufang destroyed Tibetan Buddhist monasteries with support from the Kuomintang government. General Ma Bufang, a Sufi, who backed
History_of_the_Kuomintang
Chinese Muslim general
grandfather of Ma Bufang. Ma Haiyuan was the seventh younger brother of Ma Haiyan, father of Ma Guzhong and Ma Bao, and grandfather of Ma Zhongying. Jun
Ma_Haiyan
Chinese warlord
from the forces of Ma Bufang's Kuomintang Army from Qinghai, a remnant of Ma Zhongying's forces from Gansu and Ma Hongkui and Ma Hongbin troops from
Ma_Zhongying
Surname list
actress Ma Chul-jun, South Korean former footballer and manager Ma Bufang (1903–1975) Ma Bukang Ma Buqing (1901–1977) Ma Biao Ma Chengxiang (1914–1991) Ma Dunjing
Ma_(surname)
1944–1946 breakaway state in China
Soviets were eager to "liquidate" Ma Bufang. General Ma Chengxiang, another Hui Ma Clique officer and nephew of Ma Bufang, commanded the First Cavalry Division
Second East Turkestan Republic
Second_East_Turkestan_Republic
Turkic ethnic group
expelled 30,000 Kazakhs from Xinjiang to Qinghai, Hui led by General Ma Bufang massacred their fellow Muslim Kazakhs, until there were 135 of them left
Kazakhs
Republic of China general (1892–1970)
During Ma Hongkui's rise to power, he with his cousin Ma Hongbin and warlords Ma Bufang and Ma Buqing were instrumental in helping another warlord, Ma Zhongying
Ma_Hongkui
Chinese Muslim general (1914–1991)
Revolutionary Army. He was the son of Ma Qing (馬慶) and nephew of generals Ma Buqing and Ma Bufang. A daughter of Ma Buqing was married to him. He commanded
Ma_Chengxiang
common, but capital punishment was banned in 1913. The Muslim warlord Ma Bufang caused widespread destruction and deaths in Amdo, which is located northeast
Human_rights_in_Tibet
Initial battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War
of Beiping–Tianjin the government was notified by Muslim General Ma Bufang of the Ma clique that he was prepared to bring the fight to the Japanese in
Marco_Polo_Bridge_incident
10th Panchen Lama of the Gelug School of Tibetan Buddhism (1938–1989)
Lama traditionally controlled, he asked Ma Bufang to help him lead an army against Tibet in September 1949. Ma tried to persuade the Panchen Lama to come
Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama
Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama
Treaty between the ROC and USSR
and Kuomintang forces fought back. The Kuomintang government ordered Ma Bufang several times to march his troops into Xinjiang to intimidate the Soviet
Sino-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
Sino-Soviet_Non-Aggression_Pact
Traditional region of Tibet
alliance with the Kuomintang. In the 1930s, the Muslim warlord Ma Bufang, the son of Ma Qi, seized the northeast corner of Amdo in the name of Chiang Kai-shek's
Amdo
Turkic ethnic group in Xinjiang, China
expelled 30,000 Kazakhs from Xinjiang to Qinghai, Hui Chinese led by General Ma Bufang massacred Kazakhs, until there were only 135 of them left. In 1942, Sheng
Kazakhs_in_China
1934–1936 Red Army retreat during the Chinese Civil War
traversed several swamps and was attacked by Muslim Hui Ma clique forces under Generals Ma Bufang and Ma Buqing. Finally, in October 1935, Mao's army reached
Long_March
hostility between Tibetans and Muslims stems from the Muslim warlord Ma Bufang's rule of Qinghai (the Ngolok rebellions (1917–49) and the Sino-Tibetan
Racism_in_China
Tibetan foreign relations from the 7th century CE to 20th century CE
Kai-shek, Ma Bufang repaired Yushu airport to prevent Tibetan separatists from seeking independence.[citation needed] Chiang also ordered Ma Bufang to put
Foreign_relations_of_Tibet
Prominent figure in Tibetan Buddhism
declared its support for Tseten on 3 June 1949. Chinese Nationalist governor Ma Bufang allowed Kumbum Monastery to be totally self-governed by Tseten, now called
Panchen_Lama
Chinese soldier and general
Qinghai Tibet War which was part of the Sino-Tibetan War. He served in Ma Bufang's Qinghai army. Hanzhang Ya, Ya Hanzhang (1991). The biographies of the
Ma_Zhanhai
1956, when Gamal Abdel Nasser cut off relations and recognised the PRC. Ma Bufang, who was then living in Egypt, was ordered to move to Saudi Arabia, and
Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan
Beiping–Tianjin the Chinese government was notified by Muslim General Ma Bufang of the Ma clique that he was prepared to bring the fight to the Japanese in
Islam_in_China_(1912–present)
Hui Chinese warlord (1876–1932)
Ma Fuxiang (traditional Chinese: 馬福祥; simplified Chinese: 马福祥; pinyin: Mǎ Fúxiáng; Wade–Giles: Ma Fu-hsiang, Xiao'erjing: مَا فُثِیَانْ, French romanization:
Ma_Fuxiang
to be given to Italian settlers. The Chinese Kuomintang Generals Ma Qi and Ma Bufang launched campaigns of expulsion in Qinghai and Tibet against ethnic
List of ethnic cleansing campaigns
List_of_ethnic_cleansing_campaigns
Chinese Sufi leader (died 1871)
Ma Hualong (simplified Chinese: 马化龙; traditional Chinese: 馬化龍; pinyin: Mǎ Huàlóng; Wade–Giles: Ma Hua-lung) (died March 2, 1871), was the fifth leader
Ma_Hualong
War in the Warlord era of China
much worse quality including spearmen. Other Ma clan members, most importantly Ma Hongbin, Ma Bufang, and Ma Zhongying, sent reinforcements from Gansu and
War_in_Ningxia_(1934)
Mongolic ethnic group in China
people, it is only with Han and Hui, but not Tibetans. In 1900, Generals Ma Fulu and Ma Fuxiang brought a Chinese Muslim troop comprising Dongxiang, Hui and
Dongxiang_people
western Gansu after his cousin Ma Zhongying disappeared and left it vacant. Ma Bukang and Ma Bufang were having a discussion on Ma Biao when Japanese warplanes
Ma_Bukang
Tibetan monastery in Lusar, Qinghai, China
included thirty temples and a thousand or so houses. The Hui General Ma Bufang patronized the Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama and the Nyingma against
Kumbum_Monastery
Largest lake in China
Chinese Muslims (Hui) dominated the government. The Kuomintang Hui general Ma Bufang, having invited Kazakh Muslims, joined the governor of Qinghai and other
Qinghai_Lake
Chinese military commander
"Kuomintang First Cavalry Division". In 1931, he joined the army under General Ma Bufang. During World War II, he was an officer in the 5th Cavalry Army's 1st
Han_Youwen
Uprising in Lhasa, Tibet against China
the future". The PLA used Hui soldiers, who formerly had served under Ma Bufang to crush the Tibetan revolt in Amdo. Hui cavalry were stationed in Southern
1959_Tibetan_uprising
Type of headwear
cultural influence. Uyghurs in Xinjiang wearing turbans T. V. Soong and Ma Bufang at the Xining Qinghai mosque Mongols wearing turbans in 1950 In India
Turban
Governor of Yunnan (1211–1279)
Sayyid Ajall. Ma repaired Sayyid Ajall's tomb. Another romanization of Ma Chu is "Ma Zhu". Sayyed Ajall's descendants included 15th generation- Ma Zhu and 25th
Ajall_Shams_al-Din_Omar
East Asian ethnic group
of their historic homeland, was under the control of a Muslim warlord, Ma Bufang. The Dalai Lama and his family didn't learn Tibetan until they moved to
Tibetans
Kazakh peoples living in other countries
expelled 30,000 Kazakhs from Xinjiang to Qinghai, Hui led by General Ma Bufang massacred their fellow Muslim Kazakhs, until there were 135 of them left
Kazakh_diaspora
Uyghur politician (1901–1995)
Soviet-backed Second East Turkestan Republic, but Ma Bufang did not bother with this request. Instead, Ma fled in an American CIA airplane with several million
Isa_Alptekin
annihilating Ma Bufang's nationalist Cavalry Army in the process. As the nationalist defenders of Lanzhou were threatened from rear and right flank, Ma Bufang was
Lanzhou_Campaign
their creed. they were persecuted by the pro-Kuomintang Yihewanni warlord Ma Bufang. After the Communists led by Mao Zedong took power, the Sailaifengye community
History_of_Islam_in_China
Ethnoreligious group
Songshan Kasim Tuet Liu Zhi Ma Anliang Ma Bufang Ma Buqing Ma Fuxiang Ma Gui Ma Hualong Ma Laichi Ma Mingxin Ma Qixi Ma Wanfu Ma Yize Ma Zhu Shams al-Din Su fei-erh
Tibetan_Muslims
Political debate
troops. During the Sino-Tibetan War of 1930–1932, the Chinese warlords Ma Bufang and Liu Wenhui jointly attacked and defeated invading Tibetan forces.
Tibetan_sovereignty_debate
National group in Egypt
الایمان ḥubb al-waṭan min al-imān). Hui Muslim General Ma Bufang and his retinue including Ma Chengxiang moved to Egypt before being appointed as ambassador
Chinese_people_in_Egypt
Chinese politician (1897–1979)
combined troops of warlords Ma Bufang, Ma Hongbin, and Ma Zhongying during efforts to cross the Yellow River and conquer Ma's territory. Zhang lost the
Zhang_Guotao
Chinese revolutionary and statesman (1866–1925)
in the personality cult and the one-party state, with Muslim General Ma Bufang making people bow to Sun's portrait and listen to the national anthem
Sun_Yat-sen
Chinese Muslim rebel leader (1823–1872)
memorial, Du asked Ma Dexin to intervene so that Ma Rulong would end the criminal act "of killing his fellow Muslims (tongjiao)" Ma Dexin was the most
Du_Wenxiu
Chinese Islamic scholar and translator
Muhammad Ma Jian (Chinese: 马坚; Arabic: محمد ماكين الصيني Muḥammad Mākīn as-Ṣīnī; 1906–1978) was a Hui-Chinese Islamic scholar and translator, known for
Muhammad_Ma_Jian
(Haiting). Ma Fuchu brought an Arabic Qasidat (Gesuide jizhu 格随德集注) poem to China. Hui Muslim generals like Ma Fuxiang, Ma Hongkui, and Ma Bufang funded schools
History_of_education_in_China
Chinese Sufi master
Ma Mingxin (1719–1781) (simplified Chinese: 马明心、马明新; traditional Chinese: 馬明心、馬明新; pinyin: Mǎ Míngxīn; Wade–Giles: Ma Ming-hsin) was a Chinese Sufi master
Ma_Mingxin
Tibetan Buddhist monastery in Xiahe County, Gansu, China
The Hui Ma clique under Generals Ma Qi and Ma Bufang launched several attacks against Labrang as part of a general anti-Golok Tibetan campaign. Ma Qi occupied
Labrang_Monastery
President of Egypt from 1953 to 1954
Naguib with Chinese Muslim Kuomintang National Revolutionary Army General Ma Bufang
Mohamed_Naguib
Muslim revolt against Qing China
Gansu and Shanxi to people who sought refuge in churches. Ma Fuxiang, Ma Qi, and Ma Bufang were descendants of the Hui military men from this era, and
Dungan_Revolt_(1862–1877)
Village in eastern Qinghai, China
then under the control of Hui people (Muslim) warlord Ma Bufang of the Republic of China (Ma clique), consisted of 17 households, 15 of which were Tibetan
Taktser
Quran were used to support propaganda in favour of a Jihad against Japan. Ma Bufang, a Chinese Muslim general who was part of the Kuomintang, supported Chinese
Chinese_nationalism
Debate about serfdom before 1951
the PRC (in the late 1930s and 1940s) when Kuomintang Muslim warlord Ma Bufang ruled Qinghai as part of the Republic of China (ROC). Definitions of Tibet
Tibet_serfdom_controversy
Ethnic group
Songshan Kasim Tuet Liu Zhi Ma Anliang Ma Bufang Ma Buqing Ma Fuxiang Ma Gui Ma Hualong Ma Laichi Ma Mingxin Ma Qixi Ma Wanfu Ma Yize Ma Zhu Shams al-Din Su fei-erh
Utsuls
Capital of Gansu, China
bomber north of Lanzhou. On the ground, the KMT Muslim Generals Ma Hongkui and Ma Bufang protected Lanzhou with their cavalry troops, putting up such resistance
Lanzhou
List of indexes to lists on a topic
Ma" originated in the Kansu Braves militia formed during the Dungan revolt. All Ma Clique Generals were Hui people Muslim Kuomintang members. The Ma Cliques
List of warlords and military cliques in the Warlord Era
List_of_warlords_and_military_cliques_in_the_Warlord_Era
Turkic ethnic group
during the Qumul Rebellion by a Chinese Muslim army under General Ma Zhancang and Ma Fuyuan and fell following the Battle of Kashgar (1934). The Soviets
Uyghurs
Qinghai the Muslim General Ma Bufang destroyed Tibetan Buddhist monasteries with support from the Kuomintang government. Ma served as a general in the
Persecution_of_Buddhists
1929–30 civil war in China
of the Northwest Army, influential Muslim leaders including Ma Tingrang, Ma Zhongying and Ma Fuxiang broke off relations with Feng Yuxiang in 1928. Forces
Central_Plains_War
the Qing governor in Lanzhou inflict punishment upon Ma Wanfu. The Kuomintang general Ma Bufang, a Sufi Hui who backed the Yihewani (Ikhwan) Muslims,
Muslim_groups_in_China
Xiao'erjing: ﻣَﺎ ﺑُﻮْ ﻟُﻮًا) was a Ma Clique general in the National Revolutionary Army, and a relative of Ma Bufang, the governor of Qinghai. He fought
Ma_Buluan
Military unit
Ninghai Army. List of people who served in the Ninghai Army Ma Qi Ma Buqing Ma Bufang Ma Xizhen Hui people Paul Kocot Nietupski (1999). Labrang: a Tibetan
Ninghai_Army
Armed forces of the Chinese Communist Party from 1928 to 1937
the end of 1936, they were defeated by the Nationalist forces' General Ma Bufang, with more than 6,000 soldiers being captured. Only Xu Xiangqian and other
Chinese_Red_Army
Autonomous region of China
in prison. Chen was replaced as Community Party Secretary for Xinjiang by Ma Xingrui in December 2021. Xi Jinping made a four-day visit to Xinjiang in
Xinjiang
Chinese warlord and general (1887–1948)
province into Ningxia, governed by Ma Hongkui. Supported by his fellow Ma warlords Ma Hongbin, Ma Bufang, and Ma Buqing, Hongkui resisted, starting a
Sun_Dianying
Warlord Era (1916–1928), with parts controlled by the Kumul Khanate, the Ma clique and later the warlord Jin Shuren.[page needed] In 1933, the breakaway
Persecution of Uyghurs in China
Persecution_of_Uyghurs_in_China
Qing dynasty army general (1855–1918)
Ma Anliang (simplified Chinese: 马安良; traditional Chinese: 馬安良; pinyin: Mǎ Ānliáng; Wade–Giles: Ma An-liang, French romanization: Ma-ngan-leang, Xiao'erjing:
Ma_Anliang
Ma clique general
communal tolerance between Hui and Han. He was related to former Governor Ma Bufang of Qinghai, and he had 2,000 Chinese Muslim troops under his command around
Ma_Liang_(general)
Sunni Islamic reformist movement
percentage lists of Muslim sects in China. The Kuomintang Sufi Muslim General Ma Bufang, who backed the Yihewani (Ikhwan) Muslims, persecuted the Salafis and
Salafi_movement
Autonomous region of China
separate province. Between 1914 and 1928, the Ma clique ruled the provinces of Qinghai, Ningxia and Gansu; General Ma Hongkui was the military governor of Ningxia
Ningxia
County-level city in Xinjiang, China
Ma Shaowu, a Chinese Muslim, was the Tao-yin of Kashgar, and he fought against Uyghur rebels. He was joined by another Chinese Muslim general, Ma Zhancang
Kashgar
National Revolutionary Army, composed of Muslim and Han soldiers, led by Ma Bufang and Liu Wenhui defeated the Tibetan army in the Sino-Tibetan War when
History_of_Tibet
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