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2006 book by Richard Bauckham
Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony is a book written by biblical scholar and theologian Richard Bauckham and published in
Jesus_and_the_Eyewitnesses
British theologian (born 1946)
widely-read work Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, a book that defends the historical reliability of the gospels. Bauckham argues that the synoptic gospels
Richard_Bauckham
Sources about Jesus as a historical figure
The letters of Paul are the earliest surviving sources referencing Jesus, and Paul documents personally knowing and interacting with eyewitnesses such
Sources for the historicity of Jesus
Sources_for_the_historicity_of_Jesus
Fringe theory claiming that Jesus did not exist
ISBN 978-1-931018-46-3. ISSN 1555-4147. Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. Behr, John
Christ_myth_theory
Phrase found in the Gospel of John
(2008). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels As Eyewitness Testimony. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-3162-0. Theissen, Gerd and Annette
Disciple_whom_Jesus_loved
Bauckham, Richard (2017). "Palestinian Jewish Names". Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony (2nd ed.). Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. pp
List_of_biblical_names
Jesus as a historical person
referencing Jesus, and Paul documents personally knowing and interacting with eyewitnesses such as Jesus' brother James and some of Jesus' closest disciples
Historical_Jesus
First-century Jewish preacher and religious leader
miracles were not unique to Jesus in the ancient world and were perceived as ambiguous even by eyewitnesses. He notes that Jesus likely performed acts understood
Jesus
Oral stage in the formation of the gospels
bridge the divide between eyewitness testimony and the Jesus tradition is detrimental to the overall case the two editions of Jesus and the Eyewitnesses provides
Oral_gospel_traditions
chronology of Jesus aims to establish a timeline for the events of the life of Jesus. Scholars have correlated Jewish and Greco-Roman documents and astronomical
Chronology_of_Jesus
Biblical saint
Neotestamentica, 46(2), pp. 257. Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. p. 83. ISBN 0802831621. Bauckham (2006)
John_Mark
Author of the Book of Revelation
Richard, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2008). P. 420, "...Papias speaks, when the more famous disciples of Jesus had died
John_of_Patmos
Name list
Retrieved 2011-06-12. Bauckham, Richard (2006), Jesus and the eyewitnesses: the Gospels as eyewitness testimony, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, p. 255,
Samar_(name)
Christian Bishop of Smyrna
Constitutions 7.46.8. Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. Eerdmans Publishing Company. pp. 417–437
Ariston_(bishop)
Whether Jesus was a historical figure
with eyewitnesses of Jesus by 35 AD, within a few years of the crucifixion, since he wrote about meeting and knowing James, the brother of Jesus and Jesus's
Historicity_of_Jesus
Given name
based on Ilan's data, places Joseph at the second place); Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.
Joseph
Greek Apostolic Father (c. 60–c. 130 AD)
Archived 2021-04-10 at the Wayback Machine.8. Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. pp. 417–437.
Papias_of_Hierapolis
Early Christian theologians not included in the New Testament
Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley. BRILL. p. 216. ISBN 978-90-04-26428-1. Richard, Bauckham (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, 2d ed. Wm. B. Eerdmans
Apostolic_Fathers
Biblical figures
Church History (Book 3:36:2. Richard Bauckham, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 22 Sep. 2008)
Philip's_daughters
Relationship between historic and biblical events
Bauckham (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8028-7431-3. Casey, Maurice (2010-12-30). Jesus of Nazareth:
Historicity_of_the_Bible
Three women mentioned in the New Testament
The Three Marys (also spelled Maries) are women mentioned in the canonical gospels' narratives of the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus. Mary was
The_Three_Marys
Divine saying
(2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. p. 203. ISBN 0802831621. Lührmann, Dieter (1995). "Q: Sayings of Jesus or Logia
Logia
One of the four traditionally ascribed authors of the canonical gospels
(2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-1-4674-4680-8. Blaiklock, E. M. (1970). The Archaeology
Luke_the_Evangelist
Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke
(2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. p. 220. ISBN 0802831621. Perkins, Pheme (2009). Introduction to the Synoptic
Synoptic_Gospels
Disciple and betrayer of Jesus
28. Gubar 2009, p. 31. Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans
Judas_Iscariot
New Testament gospels as historical documents
different eyewitnesses would have perceived and remembered differently. While believing that the study of the process of conversion from memories of Jesus into
Historicity_of_the_Gospels
Given name
Does the Name John Mean?". Parents. Retrieved 2025-01-31. Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus Christ and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony
John_(given_name)
Name list
Early Judaism and Early Christianity (STAR 2; Leiden:Deo, 2000), pp. 113–115; apud Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm
Simon_(given_name)
Hypothesis about Christian Bible Gospel of Mark
(2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. Eerdmans Publishing Company. ISBN 0802831621. Goodacre, Mark (2001). The Synoptic
Marcan_priority
High Priest of Israel, founder of the Hasmonean dynasty
Early Judaism and Early Christianity (STAR 2; Leiden:Deo, 2000), pp. 113–115; apud Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm
Simon_Thassi
Figure mentioned in the Gospel of Luke
Early Judaism and Early Christianity (STAR 2; Leiden:Deo, 2000), pp. 113–115; apud Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm
Simon_the_Pharisee
Chapter of the New Testament
eyewitness: Day 1: the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask John the Baptist (John 1:19–1:28). Day 2 ("the next day"): John saw Jesus coming
John_1
Academic efforts to determine what words and actions, if any, may be attributed to Jesus
The quest for the historical Jesus consists of academic efforts to determine what words and actions, if any, may be attributed to Jesus, and to use the
Quest for the historical Jesus
Quest_for_the_historical_Jesus
Books on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ
contemporary of Jesus and personally knew eyewitnesses of Jesus such as his closest disciples (Peter and John) and brother James since the mid 30s AD, within
Gospel
University Press. Bauckham, Richard (2006), Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, Cambridge: Eerdmans. BeDuhn, Jason (2013), The First New Testament. Marcion's Scriptural
Development of the New Testament canon
Development_of_the_New_Testament_canon
Women with myrrh who came to the tomb of Christ
ISBN 9780934718981. Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus and the eyewitnesses: The Gospels as eyewitness testimony. Grand Rapids, Mich. USA: Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0802863904
Myrrhbearers
Miracle carried out by Jesus according to the Bible
reported in the Canonical Gospels prior to the Crucifixion of Jesus. Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony
Healing_the_ear_of_a_servant
Shape of the structure on which Jesus was crucified
The instrument of Jesus's crucifixion (known in Latin as crux, in Greek as stauros) is generally taken to have been composed of an upright wooden beam
Instrument of Jesus's crucifixion
Instrument_of_Jesus's_crucifixion
Chapter of the New Testament
New Catholic Bible, accessed 25 March 2023 Bauckham, Richard, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (Cambridge: Eerdmans, 2006), p. 50 n. 43. Kilgallen 1989, p. 297
Mark_16
Hypothesized early Christian network
and Theology in the Gospel of John, Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, ISBN 978-0-8010-3485-5 Bauckham, Richard (2017), Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The
Johannine_community
Largest church adhering to Mormonism
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, informally known as the LDS Church or Mormon Church, is a Christian denomination and the largest denomination
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints
Birth of Jesus
The Nativity or birth of Jesus is found in the biblical gospels of Matthew and Luke. The two accounts agree that Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judea,
Nativity_of_Jesus
Method of biblical criticism
Christianity in the Making, Volume 1. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8028-3931-2. Richard, Bauckham (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, 2d ed. Wm.
Form_criticism
Scholarly study of biblical writings
Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-0-664-23534-5. Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-6390-4. Miller II, Robert D. (2011)
Biblical_criticism
Written descriptions of the life and teachings of Jesus Christ
evangelia) are the written accounts of Jesus Christ's life and teachings. The term originally referred to the central message of Christianity –the “good news”–
List_of_gospels
Unidentified figure mentioned briefly in the Gospel of Mark
Retrieved 16 December 2024. Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-1-4674-4680-8
Naked_fugitive
Chapter of the New Testament
of John the Baptist, the baptism of Jesus Christ, his temptations and the beginning of his ministry in Galilee. The original text was written in Koine
Mark_1
1st century Christian bishop and saint
Hippolytus of Rome. On the Seventy Apostles. c. 3rd century. Bauckham, Richard (2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. Eerdmans
Apelles_of_Heraklion
Name or title of Jesus Christ
were eyewitnesses and servants of the word (lógos). — Luke 1:1-2 (NASB) David Lyle Jeffrey and Leon Morris have seen in "the word" a reference to Jesus Christ
Logos_(Christianity)
German theologian (1884–1976)
2014). The Historical Reliability of the Gospels. InterVarsity Press. ISBN 978-0-8308-9809-1. Richard, Bauckham (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, 2d ed
Rudolf_Bultmann
Episode in the life of Jesus
about the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ in power, but we were eyewitnesses of his majesty. He received honor and glory from God the Father when the voice
Transfiguration_of_Jesus
2008 book by Gerald O'Collins
the Gospels and coming from eyewitnesses[citation needed] provides the substance for O'Collins' book. The author states that to portray Jesus adequately
Jesus:_A_Portrait
Chapter of the New Testament
Scripture)", The Catholic Encyclopedia, retrieved 30 December 2011 – via New advent Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm
Luke_8
Christian apostle and missionary (c. 5 – c. 64/65)
personally knew eyewitnesses of Jesus such as his closest disciples (Peter and John) and brother James since the mid 30s AD, within a few years of the crucifixion
Paul_the_Apostle
Chapter of the New Testament
Press. p. 98. ISBN 978-0198739982. Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 9780802874313. Wikimedia
John_21
Belief that Jesus was born to a virgin woman
from the period AD 80–90, though this still places them within the lifetimes of eyewitnesses, including Jesus's own family. Marcus Borg stated, "I (and most
Virgin_birth_of_Jesus
Women in the Biblical New Testament
(2006). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. p. 89. ISBN 0802831621. Painter, John (2004). Just James: The Brother of Jesus in
New Testament people named Mary
New_Testament_people_named_Mary
Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. p. 416. ISBN 0802831621. Culpepper, R. Alan (1994). John, the Son of Zebedee: The Life
New Testament people named John
New_Testament_people_named_John
Proposed solution to the synoptic problem
attestation Richard Bauckham, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony (2006). Werner Kelber, The Oral-Scribal-Memorial Arts of
Independence_hypothesis
Chapter of the New Testament
ISBN 978-0-19-927718-6. Retrieved February 6, 2019. Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8028-7431-3
Acts_1
Book of the New Testament
between 1 Peter and Peter's speeches in the Biblical book of Acts, allusions to several historical sayings of Jesus indicative of eyewitness testimony (e
First_Epistle_of_Peter
Apostle of Jesus
also known as Peter the Apostle and Simon Peter, or Cephas was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus and one of the first leaders of the early Christian Church
Saint_Peter
Gospel about the childhood of Jesus
The Infancy Gospel of Thomas (also known as the Infancy of Jesus or Childhood of Jesus, the Paidika tou Iesou or Paidika (Greek), and abbreviated as Inf
Infancy_Gospel_of_Thomas
Chapter of the New Testament
Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 9780802874313. Kirkpatrick, A. F. (1901). The Book of Psalms: with
Luke_23
2013 historical account of the life of Jesus
people who were present in the life of Jesus couldn't make up their minds about who he was... And they were eyewitnesses." A review in ABC Online by Australian
Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth
Zealot:_The_Life_and_Times_of_Jesus_of_Nazareth
Book of the New Testament
Runesson, Anders (2021). Jesus, New Testament, Christian Origins. Eerdmans. p. 5. ISBN 9780802868923. The Synoptic Problem 2022: Proceedings of the Loyola
Gospel_of_Luke
Book of the New Testament
account of the ministry of Jesus, with seven signs that culminate in the raising of Lazarus and validate the truth of his words. The second part of the text
Gospel_of_John
about the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. Primarily set in Judaea and Galilee in the 1st century, the series centers on Jesus and the different
List_of_The_Chosen_episodes
Second division of the Christian biblical canon
of the University of North Carolina, none of the authors of the Gospels were eyewitnesses or even explicitly claimed to be eyewitnesses of Jesus's life
New_Testament
Historic image of Jesus Christ in Quiapo Church, Manila, Philippines
Jesús Nazareno (lit. 'Our Father Jesus the Nazarene'; Filipino: Mahál na Poóng Jesús Nazareno) and often shortened to Jesús Nazareno, is a Roman Catholic
Black_Nazarene
American pastor and Evangelist
and evangelist in the Jesus movement. Eyewitness accounts of his ministry, documented in the 2007 documentary Frisbee: The Life and Death of a Hippie
Lonnie_Frisbee
Book of the New Testament
after 70 AD, according to Bas van Os, the lifetime of various eyewitnesses (Jesus's own family to the end of the First Century) is statistically very likely
Gospel_of_Mark
Saint and follower of Jesus
simply the Magdalene or the Madeleine) was a woman who, according to the four canonical gospels, travelled with Jesus as one of his followers and was a
Mary_Magdalene
1932 mural by David Alfaro Siqueiros
September 25, 2017 – via Newspapers.com. Treviño, Jesús Salvador (2001). Eyewitness: A Filmmaker's Memoir of the Chicano Movement. Houston, Texas: Arte Publico
América Tropical: Oprimida y Destrozada por los Imperialismos
América_Tropical:_Oprimida_y_Destrozada_por_los_Imperialismos
Chapter of the New Testament
Wayback Machine, accessed 28 July 2018 Bauckham, Richard (2017). Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (2nd ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 9780802874313. Luke
Luke_24
Biblical star revealing Christ's birth
the wise men to return to him on their way home. The star leads them to Jesus' Bethlehem birthplace, where they worship him and give him gifts. The wise
Star_of_Bethlehem
Book of the New Testament
tells of Jesus, recording his birth, his ministry from his baptism by John the Baptist, his crucifixion, his resurrection, and his mission to the world.
Gospel_of_Matthew
leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) have taught that adherents should not masturbate as part of obedience to the code of
LDS_Church_and_masturbation
Apostle of Jesus (6 – 101 AD)
John the Theologian, was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament. Generally listed as the youngest apostle, he was the son of
John_the_Apostle
Sacred text of the Latter Day Saint movement
disagreement over this point and whether eyewitnesses may have exaggerated. William L. Davis notes some authors on the subject, Hugh Nibley and B. H. Roberts among
Book_of_Mormon
Book of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The Pearl of Great Price is part of the canonical Standard Works of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and some other Latter
Pearl of Great Price (Mormonism)
Pearl_of_Great_Price_(Mormonism)
Meal that Jesus shared with apostles before crucifixion
The Last Supper is the final meal that, in the Gospel accounts, Jesus shared with his apostles in Jerusalem before his crucifixion. The Last Supper is
Last_Supper
Pseudepigraphic gospel
is one of the apostles of Jesus. It is about the same length as the four canonical gospels combined and largely harmonizes stories in the canonical gospels
Gospel_of_Barnabas
Skepticism toward Jesus's resurrection
by eyewitnesses after his crucifixion. No elaborate funeral arrangements and no public viewing of the corpse are recorded to have taken place. Jesus' body
Swoon_hypothesis
have witnessed the sufferings of Christ (1 Peter 5:1) and makes allusions to several historical sayings of Jesus indicative of eyewitness testimony (e.g
Authorship of the Petrine epistles
Authorship_of_the_Petrine_epistles
Chapter of the New Testament
James, and all the elders were present. "James": here was James, known as "the brother of Jesus" and also as "James the Just". The murder of James, the son
Acts_21
Apocryphal text purporting to describe Jesus
official, contemporary of Jesus, and gives a physical and personal description of Jesus. The letter may have influenced how Jesus was later physically depicted
Letter_of_Lentulus
Character from Star Trek: Voyager
Calgary Press. ISBN 978-1-55238-164-9. Treviño, Jesús Salvador (2001). Eyewitness: A Filmmaker's Memoir of the Chicano Movement. Houston, TX: Arte Pʹublico
Chakotay
On the Priesthood of Jesus, also known as the Confession of Theodosius or Apology of Theodosius, is a Christian apocryphon that claims that Jesus was one
On_the_Priesthood_of_Jesus
Black people and LDS teachings
Teachings on the biblical curse of Cain and the curse of Ham in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and their effects on Black people in the LDS Church
Curses of Cain and Ham (LDS Church)
Curses_of_Cain_and_Ham_(LDS_Church)
Authorship of Luke and Acts
whether by genuine eyewitnesses or not, c) use of the first person plural is a deliberate stylistic device which was common to the genre of the work, but which
Authorship_of_Luke–Acts
Past Mormon temple ritual promising to pray for divine retribution
In Mormonism, the oath of vengeance (or law of vengeance) was part of the endowment ritual of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church)
Oath_of_vengeance
Original name of the Latter Day Saint church founded by Joseph Smith in the 1820s
1834 resolution), the Church of Jesus Christ, the Church of God, the Church of Christ of Latter Day Saints, and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day
Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints)
Church_of_Christ_(Latter_Day_Saints)
1956 literary work by Maria Valtorta
The Poem of the Man-God (Italian title: Il Poema dell'Uomo-Dio) is a work on the life of Jesus Christ written by Maria Valtorta. The current editions of
The_Poem_of_the_Man-God
Caesar and Christ, published in 1944. Their rejections were based on a suggested lack of eyewitnesses, a lack of direct archaeological evidence, the failure
Historiography of early Christianity
Historiography_of_early_Christianity
Pseudepigrapha of recent origin
Jasher (Pseudo-Jasher) (1751) The Confessions of Pontius Pilate The Crucifixion of Jesus, by an Eyewitness (1907) The Description of Christ Essene Gospel
Modern_pseudepigrapha
Christian feast celebrating the Holy Spirit's descent
on the 49th day (50th day when inclusive counting is used) after Easter. It commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles of Jesus, Mary
Pentecost
Apocryphal gospel, also known as the Acts of Pilate
Nicodemus, who appears in the Gospel of John as an acquaintance of Jesus. The title "Gospel of Nicodemus" is medieval in origin. The dates of its accreted
Gospel_of_Nicodemus
American pastor, author and educator (1969–2025)
lifetime of other eyewitnesses The eyewitnesses report supernatural events that took place in fulfillment of specific prophecies The eyewitnesses claim that
Voddie_Baucham
Painting of Jesus Christ's face
bearing the words of Jesus, by the virtues of which the king was miraculously healed. Eusebius said that he had transcribed and translated the actual letter
Image_of_Edessa
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