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The term iron frame describes the structural use of either cast iron or wrought iron in the columns and beams of a building. While popular in the 19th
Iron_frame
Building technique using skeleton frames of vertical steel columns
frame. The development of this technique made the construction of the skyscraper possible. Steel frame has displaced its predecessor, the iron frame,
Steel_frame
Large and powerful computer
mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe, maxicomputer, or big iron, is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications
Mainframe_computer
Office building in Chicago, Illinois
the building was supported using an iron frame skeleton. It was one of the earliest buildings to use an iron frame skeleton and the tallest to ever do
Home_Insurance_Building
Keyboard instrument
music trends, the fortepiano underwent changes such as the use of a cast iron frame, which allowed much greater string tensions. Aliquot stringing gave grand
Piano
British clipper ship, on display at Greenwich, England
only three remaining intact composite construction (wooden hull on an iron frame) ships from the nineteenth century, the others being the clipper City
Cutty_Sark
Sculpture in London
1956. The statue was made in separate parts and cramped together on an iron frame. It was formerly known as the Red Lion, as it was painted that colour
South_Bank_Lion
German sculpture
wealth to continue the work. By 1860, the design for the statue's internal iron frame had been created. A supportive Verein was founded in Hanover. From 1862
Hermannsdenkmal
Type of chair
curve of its frame to ensure the rocking motion. Coopers chair was made of steel or wrought iron with upholstery slung across the frame. Cooper's model
Rocking_chair
Iron-carbon alloy
and it was found convenient to provide the building with an iron frame, largely of cast iron, replacing flammable wood. The first such building was at Ditherington
Cast_iron
Ancient clock of Salisbury Cathedral
The Salisbury Cathedral clock is a large iron-framed tower clock without a dial, in Salisbury Cathedral, England. Thought to date from about 1386, it
Salisbury_Cathedral_clock
1st world's fair in 1851 in London, England
feet wide (about 563 metres by 138 metres) and was constructed from cast iron-frame components and glass made almost exclusively in Birmingham and Smethwick
Great_Exhibition
Dome above the rotunda of the US Capitol
is 9.1 million pounds (4,100 t). The dome's cast iron frame was supplied and constructed by the iron foundry Janes, Fowler, Kirtland & Co. in the Bronx
United_States_Capitol_dome
earlier structures, it achieves stability through the rigidity of its iron frame joints rather than relying on traditional bracing. It is an unusually
Shed Number 78, Sheerness Dockyard
Shed_Number_78,_Sheerness_Dockyard
Buildings that make extensive use of cast iron in their structures
columns in the kitchens were disguised as palm trees. An elaborate cast iron frame was used for the dome of Saint Isaac's Cathedral in St Petersburg (1837–38)
Cast-iron_architecture
Building in Graz, Austria
Eiserne Haus (Iron House) is a building in the Lend district of Graz, Austria. It was built in 1848, and is unusual in having a cast iron frame. It is now
Eisernes_Haus,_Graz
Manufacturer of fireplaces, grills and furnaces
building wood-burning stoves in his garage, which soon evolved to a cast iron frame with a glass door. This invention was the first of its kind, allowing
Napoleon_(company)
the early 19th century. Babcock is best known for patenting a complete iron frame in a single casting, which better resisted the tension of the strings
Alpheus_Babcock
Component of a bed that supports a base and mattress
contemporary. Iron beds are beds in which the headboard and footboard are made of iron; the frame rails are usually made of steel. Iron beds were developed
Bed_frame
Roman Catholic church in Paris, France
Louis-Adrien Lusson, the church was the first in France to use an entirely iron-framed construction. The first stone was laid in 1854, and the building was
Saint-Eugène-Sainte-Cécile
Flat-topped skylights designed to be walked on
Many small lenses ("bull's-eyes") were set in a wrought-iron frame, (later cast iron), and the frame included raised nubs around each lens to improve traction
Pavement_light
Commercial building in Manhattan, New York (1854–1927)
Investing Building to wrap around it. The Gilsey Building was the first iron frame building erected in New York City. It was first called the Gilsey Building
Gilsey_Building
Small handgun
was a .32 Rimfire, with an iron frame, and the barrel release was moved from under the frame to the left side of the frame. The fourth model deringer
Derringer
iron frame to the back of uprights and grands, commonly called a "double" iron frame, mean that these models had a much better tone. The double iron frame
Monington_&_Weston
revolutionary iron frame but a classical Neo-Renaissance exterior. The interior of Saint-Augustin; with an iron frame supported by iron columns (1860–71)
Architecture_of_Paris
Church in arrondissement of Paris, France
architect Victor Baltard. It was the first church in Paris to combine a cast-iron frame, fully visible, with stone construction. It was designed to provide a
Saint-Augustin,_Paris
Bridge in North Yorkshire, England
destroyed during a flood, and the bridge was largely rebuilt, using an iron frame. By 1962, the bridge was owned by Yorkshire Farmers Ltd. The company offered
Aldwark_Bridge
Tall commercial buildings built between 1884 and 1945
Technological improvements enabled the construction of fireproofed iron-framed structures with deep foundations, equipped with new inventions such as
Early_skyscrapers
Decorative bed resembling a four-poster bed
canopies were known as a "hung celour". The fabric canopy concealed an iron frame with iron curtain rods. These beds can be seen in manuscript illuminations
Canopy_bed
1850s and 1860s engineering project in Chicago
Building, an iron building 150 feet (46 m) long, 80 feet (24 m) wide and five stories high. This was a very heavy building; its ornate iron frame, its 12-inch
Raising_of_Chicago
Cape on the panhandle of Florida, US
years, erosion began eating away at the lighthouse. In 1883 the fourth iron frame lighthouse was constructed. In the aftermath of Hurricane Michael, large
Cape_San_Blas
Glass building in Madrid, Spain
one of the main venues of the 1887 Philippines Exposition. The cast-iron frame was manufactured in Bilbao. The structure was designed in a way that would
Palacio_de_Cristal_del_Retiro
Human-powered land vehicle
ride, which was caused by the stiff wrought-iron frame and wooden wheels surrounded by tires made of iron. The so-called "boneshaker" was invented in
Velocipede
French administrative building in Saigon, colonial Vietnam (1873–1962)
cement – 151 tons, bricks – 4,860,000 units, tiles – 100,000, frame wood – 802 tons, iron frame – 150 tons, masons’ pay – 52,600 francs, carpenters – 22,105
Saigon_Governor's_Palace
Church in Granada, Nicaragua
was completed in about 1751 with lime, stone, and brick. In 1916, the iron frame intended for the central dome was brought from the United States, only
Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral, Granada
Our_Lady_of_the_Assumption_Cathedral,_Granada
French architect (1801–1875)
which soon became known for rationalism. He became noted for his use of iron-frame construction and was one of the first to realize the importance of its
Henri_Labrouste
Steam-powered velocipede
Smithsonian's Roper has an iron frame. It had a wheelbase of 49 in (1,200 mm) and two 34 in (860 mm) diameter wheels made of iron bands on wooden felloes
Roper_steam_velocipede
dominated the piano industry in the mid-1800s and introduced the cast iron frame. The company was founded by Conrad Christian Hornung (b Skælskør July
Hornung_&_Møller
Four-masted steel barque
(285 ft) in length. The vessel was fashioned from steel plates on an iron frame. She had royal sails above double top and topgallant sails, and was the
Peter_Iredale
Royal Navy class of screw-driven sloops
sloops. They were of composite construction, with wooden hulls over an iron frame. They were a revised version of an 1874 design by the Royal Navy's Chief
Doterel-class_sloop
Building in India
is India's oldest surviving cast iron building. It is probably the oldest surviving multi-level fully cast-iron framed building in the world, being three
Watson's_Hotel
Aspect of Paris history
francs. In 1869 Boucicault began constructing a much larger store, with an iron frame, a central courtyard covered with a glass skylight, on the rue de Sèvres
Paris architecture of the Belle Époque
Paris_architecture_of_the_Belle_Époque
Bridge in Victoria, Australia
box girders continuous over three spans, supporting a riveted wrought iron frame deck. Ironwork was imported from Liverpool via Geelong on the ship British
Shelford_Bridge
Tall habitable building
in the old town of Edinburgh. The oldest iron framed building in the world, although only partially iron framed, is The Flaxmill in Shrewsbury, England
Skyscraper
Tractor made by Allis-Chalmers
made partially from off-the-shelf components, and that its steel channel iron frame eliminated the need for large, heavy castings for the transmission and
Allis-Chalmers_Model_WC
Church in Martinique, France
years, the current structure dates only to 1895. It was built with an iron frame in order to withstand any further such events. It is the seventh church
St. Louis Cathedral, Fort-de-France
St._Louis_Cathedral,_Fort-de-France
wrought iron frame) emerged in the mid-19th century as the final stage in the evolution of fast commercial sailing ships. Construction of wrought iron hulled
Composite_ship
Overview of the architecture in London
of new building materials such as iron, enabling its use to build the first iron-framed structures in history. Iron beams afforded unprecedented span
Architecture_of_London
Use of technology by musicians
sound of the modern piano was the use of a strong iron frame. Also called the "plate", the iron frame sits atop the soundboard, and serves as the primary
Music_technology
French architect and author (1814–1879)
modern architecture. He noted that it was sometimes necessary to employ an iron frame in restoration to avoid the danger of fires, as long as the new structure
Eugène_Viollet-le-Duc
Mill in Caerphilly, Wales
building in 1962. The mill is equipped with an overshot wheel with a cast iron frame and wooden buckets. When fully operational, it contained two pairs of
Gelligroes_Mill
Chinese inventor of moveable type (972–1051)
to print, he took an iron frame and set it on the iron plate. In this, he placed the types, set close together. When the frame was full, the whole made
Bi_Sheng
Type of bow saw
ends of a square, c shaped, springy-iron frame to which a handle is attached. The blade is easily removed from the frame so that the blade can be passed through
Coping_saw
Eclectic architectural and decorative arts style of the Second French Empire
revolutionary iron frame, but an eclectic Neo-Renaissance exterior The Gare du Nord, designed to be one of the new gateways to Paris, with an iron framework
Second_Empire_style
Grade I listed former factory building in Shropshire, England
located in Ditherington, a suburb of Shrewsbury, England. It was the first iron-framed building in the world and has been described as "the grandfather of skyscrapers"
Shrewsbury_Flaxmill_Maltings
Neoclassical architectural style
available technology. The Grand Palais in Paris (1897–1900) had a modern iron frame inside; the classical columns were purely for decoration. The 1914–1916
Beaux-Arts_architecture
19th C horse-drawn vehicle design
a folding hood (retractable top). It has a raised driver's seat on an iron frame in front of a large curved dash. It is entered by a low step on the side
Victoria_(carriage)
Viking warrior burial, Birka, Sweden
comprised 28 gaming pieces (including a king piece), three dice, and the iron frame of a gaming board. The dice, weights, and gaming pieces were wrapped in
Birka_grave_Bj_581
Fictional character from Dickens' novella "A Christmas Carol"
suffers, although he walks with a crutch and has "his limbs supported by an iron frame". In 1992, American paediatric neurologist Donald Lewis, although describing
Tiny_Tim_(A_Christmas_Carol)
World's Fair held in Paris, France
the construction firm of Gustave Eiffel, which had recently built the iron frame of the Statue of Liberty. The Eiffel firm had advance knowledge of the
Exposition_Universelle_(1889)
Italian maker of musical instruments (1655 – 1731)
metal frame; this meant that it could not produce an especially loud tone. This continued to be the rule for pianos until around 1820, when iron bracing
Bartolomeo_Cristofori
Framework of spaced bars that are parallel to or cross each other
collection of iron bars (the identical, elongated elements) held together (to ensure the bars are parallel and regularly spaced) by a lighter iron frame. Gratings
Grating
American brain injury survivor (1823–1860)
weight one hundred and fifty pounds [68 kg], possessing an iron will as well as an iron frame; muscular system unusually well developed—having had scarcely
Phineas_Gage
Marvel Comics superhero
business and return it to weapons manufacturing. At the same time, Iron Man is framed for murder. These stresses cause him to begin drinking, and he develops
Iron_Man
Historic commercial building in New York, United States
building located in Rochester, New York. It is an eleven-story steel or iron framed brick clad structure built between 1887 and 1888 in a modified Romanesque
Wilder_Building
Medieval cathedral in France
copper-covered roof on an iron frame. At the time, the framework over the crossing had the largest span of any iron-framed construction in Europe. The
Chartres_Cathedral
Electromechanical valve
the core. The coil is often encapsulated in epoxy. The coil also has an iron frame that provides a low magnetic path resistance. The valve body must be compatible
Solenoid_valve
Series of architectural revival styles
place for more structurally sound steel. One of the greatest exponents of iron frame construction was Joseph Paxton, architect of the Crystal Palace. Paxton
Victorian_architecture
Motor vehicle
the cars of the era had a tiller). The wooden bodywork is placed on an iron frame. It has four seats and a convertible top that would cover only the rear
Präsident
American flat carriage or wagon with no springs
buggy-construction parts, such as a dashboard made of leatherette upholstery on an iron frame. The buckboard wagon is a type of buggy based on the springboard floor
Buckboard
Former cast-iron building in Manhattan, New York
structure was revolutionary for its time. It had a pre-fabricated cast iron frame system which allowed it to be completed with the same number of workmen
Edward_Laing_Stores
Belgian engineer and businessperson
which was made of metal sheets bolted to an iron frame; however, the patents contain no description of the frame itself. No foundations were needed for houses
Joseph_Danly
Royal yacht of Sultan of Zanzibar (1878–1896)
the ship was laid down as "Hull 200". Glasgow was constructed with an iron frame covered with teak planks and a keel made from rock elm. She measured 210 ft
HHS_Glasgow
1999 animated film by Brad Bird
The Iron Giant is a 1999 American animated science fiction film directed by Brad Bird and written by Tim McCanlies. Loosely based on Ted Hughes' novel
The_Iron_Giant
Commune in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
Its detached clock tower is topped with an unusual decorative wrought iron frame housing a bell. Gonfaron is the home of Village des tortues [fr], a rescue
Gonfaron
Musical instrument
Steinway's celebrated iron-framed, overstrung square grands were more than two and a half times the size of Zumpe's wood-framed instruments that were
Square_piano
Naval gunboat of Imperial China
piracy. Their hulls were composite-built, with wooden planking over an iron frame, and each was generally equipped with seven guns. They arrived at Canton
Chinese_gunboat_Fei_Lung
Church in Hampshire, England
Wingrove for her donation. The bells were hung in 1914 in a new cast iron frame with fittings including metal headstocks and plain bearings. The first
St_Mary's_Church,_Southampton
Local implementation of a style of architecture and design
Following the ideas of Viollet-le-Duc, he used modern materials, including an iron frame interior, combined with sculpture by Pierre Roche and ceramic tiles by
Art_Nouveau_in_Paris
British children's television series
a picture using different motions of their body. Frame-It! – A more relaxing segment put over a frame. This segment is narrated over by Mister Maker. This
Mister_Maker
Four wheeled open carriage
1851, and others followed, leading to the modification of adding an iron-framed coachman's seat over the dash and naming that carriage design a Victoria
Phaeton_(carriage)
German military decoration and symbol
platinum frame that he was wearing at the time of his surrender to the allies in 1945. The Star of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (also called Iron Cross
Iron_Cross
to burn fiercely and produce poisonous fumes. It was constructed of an iron frame bound with sack cloth and filled with various ingredients such as pitch
List_of_cannon_projectiles
Meeting place of the United States Congress
Athena. The cast iron for the dome weighs 8,909,200 pounds (4,041,100 kg). The dome's cast iron frame was supplied and constructed by the iron foundry Janes
United_States_Capitol
Type of sword used across the western Sahel
touching iron, the takoba's hilt, like many iron implements, is fully covered. Typically the simple but deep crossguard is of iron sheet, or iron-framed wood
Takoba
to use iron as a structural material was St Anne's Church, Liverpool. It had cast iron columns and was built between 1770 and 1772. An iron-frame mill built
The_Iron_Church
Catholic church in Paris
architects Paul-René-Léon Ginain Eugène Bonté, and Léon Ginain, on an iron frame designed by the engineer Gustave Eiffel. The foundation stone was laid
Notre-Dame-des-Champs,_Paris
Two-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle
hung from the shafts, and a dashboard of solid wood or leatherette on an iron frame. The seven-spring design became known as "Tilbury springs". According
Tilbury_(carriage)
Generally horse-drawn means of transport
footboard or sat on a seat behind the body. If either seat was raised on an iron frame and not built as part of the carriage body, it was given the name of dickey-seat
Carriage
Shortened coach
Brougham-type carriage with an arch under the coachman's seat instead of an iron frame with a hammercloth. There are many coupés displayed in carriage museums
Coupé_(carriage)
Basilica in Paris, France
cathedral. Their presence is decorative, since the structure is built with an iron frame designed by Gustave Eiffel. The west front and portals The pinnacles and
Sainte-Clotilde,_Paris
Member that transfers gravitational loads downward
Cast iron frame: By 1797, Ditherington Flax Mill utilized a structural frame of cast iron columns and beams, becoming the world's first iron-framed building
Vertical_support
Building in Jedburgh, Scotland
Co-op's new building was built with novel architecture including a cast iron frame and large windows. In 2011 it was in a dangerous condition but it has
Port_House
Type of motorcycle
commercial steam engine was attached to a Pierre Michaux manufactured iron framed pedal bicycle. It is one of three motorcycles claimed to be the first
Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede
Michaux-Perreaux_steam_velocipede
British engineer and architect (1823–1865)
style, although he made use of relatively new technologies to create iron-framed buildings, with large open galleries and spaces. Fowke was born in Ballysillan
Francis_Fowke
Slavic stringed instrument
Клавирообразные гусли)] is a heavily strung 19th-century variant with an iron frame, supported on a stand or with table legs. It has a one-octave piano-type
Gusli
Library in Paris
French Revolution. A new reading room for the library, with an innovative iron frame supporting the roof, was built between 1838 and 1851 by architect Henri
Sainte-Geneviève_Library
Church in Indonesia
The top of the spires was made from the iron frame, while the roofs were made of teak wood construction. Iron and wood are not suitable as typical neo-Gothic
Jakarta_Cathedral
Early textile production via automated means
1822 patent, Richard Roberts manufactured the first loom with a cast-iron frame, the Roberts Loom. In 1842 James Bullough and William Kenworthy, made
Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution
Textile_manufacture_during_the_British_Industrial_Revolution
lightweight objects, hardly sturdier in framing than a contemporary harpsichord, with thin strings of low tensile strength iron and brass and small, lightweight
Piano history and musical performance
Piano_history_and_musical_performance
IRON FRAME
IRON FRAME
Surname or Lastname
Romanian
Romanian : from the personal name Ion (see John).English : probably a variant of John.
Boy/Male
Australian, German, Turkish
Iron
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Iron.
Male
English
 Short form of English/Scottish Ronald, RON means "wise ruler." Compare with another form of Ron.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Iron
Male
Polish
Polish form of Hebrew Aharown, ARON means "light-bringer."
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Iron
Boy/Male
English
Surname used as a given name. Biron was the name of a character in Shakespeare's Loves Labours Lost.
Male
French
Variant spelling of French Yvon, IVON means "yew tree." Used in Germany and infrequently by the English.
Girl/Female
Indian, Parsi
Iran; The Land of Aryans
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Iron
Boy/Male
Australian
Iron
Male
Romanian
Basque and Romanian form of Greek Ioannes, ION means "God is gracious." In use by the Romani.
Boy/Male
Australian, German, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hungarian, Turkish
Iron
Male
Hebrew
(רï‹×Ÿ) Hebrew unisex name RON means "joy, song." Compare with another form of Ron.
Female
English
(רï‹×Ÿ) Hebrew unisex name RON means "joy, song." Compare with strictly masculine Ron.
Female
Welsh
Short form of Welsh Bronwen, BRON means "fair-breasted."
Male
Russian
(Мирон) Russian form of Greek Myron, MIRON means "myrrh."
Female
Hebrew
(לִירï‹×Ÿ) Hebrew unisex name LIRON means "my song."
Surname or Lastname
French
French : habitational name from any of the places called Biron, in Charente-Maritime, Dordogne, and Basses Pyrénées. The Latin form of the name is Biriacum, from a Gaulish personal name Birius + the locative suffix -acum.English : variant spelling of Byron.A Biron is documented at Trois Rivières, Quebec, in 1686.
IRON FRAME
IRON FRAME
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Greatness; Quite; Regeneration
Girl/Female
English
or Sanskrit 'Tara. '.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Being Friendly
Female
Italian
Short form of Italian/Spanish Brunilda, NILDA means "armored warrior woman."
Female
Dutch
, spear maid.
Girl/Female
Australian, Hebrew
Devoted to God
Girl/Female
Tamil
Star in the Sky
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Unfathomable and Profound
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Felicity; Fortunate; Good Luck
Girl/Female
Tamil
Splendid, Elegant
IRON FRAME
IRON FRAME
IRON FRAME
IRON FRAME
IRON FRAME
n.
Strength; power; firmness; inflexibility; as, to rule with a rod of iron.
v. t.
To furnish or arm with iron; as, to iron a wagon.
a.
Resembling iron taste, hardness, or other physical property.
v. t.
To smooth with an instrument of iron; especially, to smooth, as cloth, with a heated flatiron; -- sometimes used with out.
a.
Made of cast iron. Hence, Fig.: like cast iron; hardy; unyielding.
n.
An instrument or utensil made of iron; -- chiefly in composition; as, a flatiron, a smoothing iron, etc.
a.
Made or consisting of iron; partaking of iron; iron; as, irony chains; irony particles.
n.
Like iron in hardness, strength, impenetrability, power of endurance, insensibility, etc.;
n.
The most common and most useful metallic element, being of almost universal occurrence, usually in the form of an oxide (as hematite, magnetite, etc.), or a hydrous oxide (as limonite, turgite, etc.). It is reduced on an enormous scale in three principal forms; viz., cast iron, steel, and wrought iron. Iron usually appears dark brown, from oxidation or impurity, but when pure, or on a fresh surface, is a gray or white metal. It is easily oxidized (rusted) by moisture, and is attacked by many corrosive agents. Symbol Fe (Latin Ferrum). Atomic weight 55.9. Specific gravity, pure iron, 7.86; cast iron, 7.1. In magnetic properties, it is superior to all other substances.
n.
Firm; robust; enduring; as, an iron constitution.
n.
Of, or made of iron; consisting of iron; as, an iron bar, dust.
n.
Resembling iron in color; as, iron blackness.
n.
Inflexible; unrelenting; as, an iron will.
a.
Having iron sides, or very firm sides.
v. t.
To shackle with irons; to fetter or handcuff.