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Polynomial with integer value for integer input
mathematics, an integer-valued polynomial (also known as a numerical polynomial) P ( t ) {\displaystyle P(t)} is a polynomial whose value P ( n ) {\displaystyle
Integer-valued_polynomial
integer-valued. In computer programming, many functions return values of integer type due to simplicity of implementation. Integer-valued polynomial Semi-continuity
Integer-valued_function
Type of mathematical expression
multiplication and exponentiation to nonnegative integer powers, and has a finite number of terms. An example of a polynomial of a single indeterminate x {\displaystyle
Polynomial
Number of subsets of a given size
takes values in R at all integers if and only if it is an R-linear combination of binomial coefficient polynomials. The integer-valued polynomial 3t(3t
Binomial_coefficient
Complex number that solves a monic polynomial with integer coefficients
algebraic integer is a complex number that is integral over the integers. That is, an algebraic integer is a complex root of some monic polynomial (a polynomial
Algebraic_integer
Analytic number theory conjecture
criterion for a polynomial f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} in one variable with integer coefficients to give infinitely many prime values in the sequence
Bunyakovsky_conjecture
Error-detecting code for detecting data changes
of data entering these systems get a short check value attached, based on the remainder of a polynomial division of their contents. On retrieval, the calculation
Cyclic_redundancy_check
formulas Integer-valued polynomial Algebraic equation Factor theorem Polynomial remainder theorem See also Theory of equations below. Polynomial ring Greatest
List_of_polynomial_topics
Computational method
factorization of polynomials or polynomial factorization expresses a polynomial with coefficients in a given field or in the integers as the product of
Factorization_of_polynomials
Method to solve optimization problems
integral), and this optimal value may be found efficiently since all polynomial-size linear programs can be solved in polynomial time. One common way of proving
Linear_programming
Irreducible polynomial whose roots are nth roots of unity
{\displaystyle n} -th cyclotomic polynomial, for any positive integer n {\displaystyle n} , is the unique irreducible polynomial with integer coefficients that is
Cyclotomic_polynomial
Mathematical invariant of a knot or link
bracket polynomial is a Laurent polynomial in the variable A {\displaystyle A} with integer coefficients. First, we define the auxiliary polynomial (also
Jones_polynomial
Mathematical function
elementary symmetric polynomials. There is one elementary symmetric polynomial of degree d in n variables for each positive integer d ≤ n, and it is formed
Elementary symmetric polynomial
Elementary_symmetric_polynomial
Number theory conjecture
integer-valued polynomials (such as 1 2 x 2 + 1 2 x + 1 {\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{2}}x^{2}+{\tfrac {1}{2}}x+1} , which takes integer values for all integers
Schinzel's_hypothesis_H
Amount left over after computation
is the integer "left over" after dividing one integer by another to produce an integer quotient (integer division). In algebra of polynomials, the remainder
Remainder
Greatest common divisor of polynomials
divisor of two integers. In the important case of univariate polynomials over a field, the polynomial GCD may be computed as for the integer GCD, with the
Polynomial greatest common divisor
Polynomial_greatest_common_divisor
Canonical solutions of the general Legendre equation
and m are integers with 0 ≤ m ≤ ℓ, or with trivially equivalent negative values. When in addition m is even, the function is a polynomial. When m is
Associated Legendre polynomials
Associated_Legendre_polynomials
Measure of algorithmic complexity
difference between strongly- and weakly-polynomial time is when the inputs to the algorithms consist of integer or rational numbers. It is particularly
Strongly-polynomial_time
Number in {..., –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, ...}
factorization of a positive integer Complex integer Hyperinteger Integer complexity Integer lattice Integer part Integer sequence Integer-valued function Mathematical
Integer
Concept in complexity theory
runs in pseudo-polynomial time if its running time is bounded from above by a polynomial function of the two variables: the numeric value of the input (the
Pseudo-polynomial_time
arithmetic Square-free Square-free integer Square-free polynomial Square number Power of two Integer-valued polynomial Rational number Unit fraction Irreducible
List_of_number_theory_topics
Decomposition of a number into a product
Can integer factorization be solved in polynomial time on a classical computer? More unsolved problems in computer science In mathematics, integer factorization
Integer_factorization
Algebraic structure
number of properties that they have in common with the ring of the integers. Polynomial rings occur and are often fundamental in many parts of mathematics
Polynomial_ring
Index of articles associated with the same name
chromatic polynomial The flow polynomial, a polynomial whose values at integer arguments give the number of nowhere-zero flows with integer flow amounts
Graph_polynomial
Unsolved problem in computer science
a list of distinct integers AND the integers are all in S AND the integers sum to 0 THEN OUTPUT "yes" and HALT This is a polynomial-time algorithm accepting
P_versus_NP_problem
In mathematics, with negligible exceptions
surely Cahen, Paul-Jean; Chabert, Jean-Luc (3 December 1996). Integer-Valued Polynomials. Mathematical Surveys and Monographs. Vol. 48. American Mathematical
Almost_all
Mathematical concept
non-negative integer. For a univariate polynomial, the degree of the polynomial is simply the highest exponent occurring in the polynomial. The term order
Degree_of_a_polynomial
Pair of polynomial sequences
The Chebyshev polynomials are two sequences of orthogonal polynomials related to the cosine and sine functions, notated as T n ( x ) {\displaystyle T_{n}(x)}
Chebyshev_polynomials
Polynomials used for interpolation
In numerical analysis, the Lagrange interpolating polynomial is the unique polynomial of lowest degree that interpolates a given set of data. Given a
Lagrange_polynomial
Matrix whose entries are integers
integer coefficients. Since the eigenvalues of a matrix are the roots of this polynomial, the eigenvalues of an integer matrix are algebraic integers
Integer_matrix
Polynomial equation whose integer solutions are sought
mathematics, a Diophantine equation is a polynomial equation with integer coefficients, for which only integer solutions are of interest. A linear Diophantine
Diophantine_equation
Mathematical optimization problem restricted to integers
An integer programming, also known as integer optimization, problem is a mathematical optimization or feasibility program in which some or all of the variables
Integer_programming
Type of symmetric polynomials in mathematics
Schur polynomials are associated with pairs of partitions and have similar properties to Schur polynomials. Schur polynomials are indexed by integer partitions
Schur_polynomial
Knot invariant
In mathematics, the Alexander polynomial is a knot invariant which assigns a polynomial with integer coefficients to each knot type. James Waddell Alexander
Alexander_polynomial
Complexity class used to classify decision problems
subset has sum zero is a verifier. Clearly, summing the integers of a subset can be done in polynomial time, and the subset sum problem is therefore in NP
NP_(complexity)
Mathematical expression with disputed status
with the interpretation of choosing 0 elements from a set and simplifies polynomial and binomial expansions. In other contexts, particularly in mathematical
Zero_to_the_power_of_zero
Type of complex number
algebraic number is a number that is a root of a non-zero polynomial in one variable with integer (or, equivalently, rational) coefficients. For example
Algebraic_number
Algebraic construction
ring of all algebraic integers contained in K {\displaystyle K} . An algebraic integer is a root of a monic polynomial with integer coefficients: x n +
Ring_of_integers
Mathematical subject
Ziegler extended the result to cover polynomial progressions. More precisely, given any integer-valued polynomials P1,..., Pk in one unknown m all with
Arithmetic_combinatorics
Type of algebraic integer
integer α > 1 {\displaystyle \alpha >1} whose conjugate roots all have absolute value no greater than 1, and at least one of which has absolute value
Salem_number
Sequence of differential equation solutions
non-negative integer. Then they are also named generalized Laguerre polynomials, as will be done here (alternatively associated Laguerre polynomials or, rarely
Laguerre_polynomials
Online database of integer sequences
The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (OEIS) is an online database of integer sequences. It was created and maintained by Neil Sloane while researching
On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
On-Line_Encyclopedia_of_Integer_Sequences
Polynomial equation, generally univariate
equation is a (usually multivariate) polynomial equation with integer coefficients for which one is interested in the integer solutions. Algebraic geometry is
Algebraic_equation
Number divisible only by 1 and itself
primes among the values of quadratic polynomials with integer coefficients in terms of the logarithmic integral and the polynomial coefficients. No quadratic
Prime_number
Relationship between the rational roots of a polynomial and its extreme coefficients
solutions of a polynomial equation a n x n + a n − 1 x n − 1 + ⋯ + a 0 = 0 {\displaystyle a_{n}x^{n}+a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+\cdots +a_{0}=0} with integer coefficients
Rational_root_theorem
Number with a real and an imaginary part
{\displaystyle z^{\omega }=\exp(\omega \ln z),} and is multi-valued, except when ω is an integer. For ω = 1 / n, for some natural number n, this recovers
Complex_number
System of complete and orthogonal polynomials
integer, the solution Pn(x) that is regular at x = 1 is also regular at x = −1, and the series for this solution terminates (i.e. it is a polynomial)
Legendre_polynomials
Extension of the factorial function
OEIS. The values presented here are truncated rather than rounded.) The complex-valued gamma function is undefined for non-positive integers, but in these
Gamma_function
Number representing a continuous quantity
as the integer −5 and the fraction 4 / 3. Real numbers that are not rational are irrational. Those real numbers that are roots of polynomials with rational
Real_number
Geometry of the location of polynomial roots
coefficients of the polynomial. Some of these geometrical properties are related to a single polynomial, such as upper bounds on the absolute values of the roots
Geometrical properties of polynomial roots
Geometrical_properties_of_polynomial_roots
of Alexandria, who made initial studies of integer Diophantine equations. An important type of polynomial Diophantine equations takes the form: s a +
Polynomial Diophantine equation
Polynomial_Diophantine_equation
Theorem about prime numbers
extended the Green–Tao theorem to cover polynomial progressions. More precisely, given any integer-valued polynomials P 1 , … , P k {\displaystyle P_{1},\ldots
Green–Tao_theorem
resulting polynomial in z is at most dj, then condition 1 is satisfied. Proximity is preserved by the value function: There exists an integer G ≥ 0 (which
Fully polynomial-time approximation scheme
Fully_polynomial-time_approximation_scheme
Function in algebraic graph theory
{\displaystyle P(G,x)} is a monic polynomial of degree exactly n, with integer coefficients. The chromatic polynomial includes at least as much information
Chromatic_polynomial
Number with an integer power equal to 1
the nth cyclotomic polynomial. Many restrictions are known about the values that cyclotomic polynomials can assume at integer values. For example, if p
Root_of_unity
Function of the coefficients of a polynomial that gives information on its roots
discriminant is a polynomial in a 0 , … , a n {\displaystyle a_{0},\ldots ,a_{n}} with integer coefficients. When the above polynomial is defined over a
Discriminant
Computation modulo a fixed integer
integer k (compatibility with exponentiation) p(a) ≡ p(b) (mod m), for any polynomial p(x) with integer coefficients (compatibility with polynomial evaluation)
Modular_arithmetic
In mathematics, a non-algebraic number
number that is not algebraic: that is, not the root of a non-zero polynomial with integer (or, equivalently, rational) coefficients. The best-known transcendental
Transcendental_number
Product with an integer
because there are integers that 7 may be multiplied by to reach the values of 14, 49, 0 and −21, while there are no such integers for 3 and −6. Each
Multiple_(mathematics)
Expression for sums of powers
positive integers ∑ k = 1 n k p = 1 p + 2 p + 3 p + ⋯ + n p {\displaystyle \sum _{k=1}^{n}k^{p}=1^{p}+2^{p}+3^{p}+\cdots +n^{p}} as a polynomial in n {\displaystyle
Faulhaber's_formula
Form of interpolation
In numerical analysis, polynomial interpolation is the interpolation of a given data set by the polynomial of lowest possible degree that passes through
Polynomial_interpolation
Mathematical procedure
to Discover Integer Relations" (May 14, 2020) Weisstein, Eric W. "PSLQ Algorithm". MathWorld. A Polynomial Time, Numerically Stable Integer Relation Algorithm
Integer_relation_algorithm
Decomposition of an integer as a sum of positive integers
partition of a non-negative integer n, also called an integer partition, is a way of writing n as a sum of positive integers. Two sums that differ only
Integer_partition
Polynomial related to differential operators
may have poles whenever b(s + n) is zero for a non-negative integer n. If f(x) is a polynomial, not identically zero, then it has an inverse g that is a
Bernstein–Sato_polynomial
Association of one output to each input
multi-valued function of y that has three values for −2 < y < 2, and only one value for y ≤ −2 and y ≥ −2. Usefulness of the concept of multi-valued functions
Function_(mathematics)
Polynomials in combinatorial mathematics
Bell polynomial is equal to the number of ways the integer n can be expressed as a summation of k positive integers. This is the same as the integer partition
Bell_polynomials
Root of a quadratic polynomial with a unit leading coefficient
some monic polynomial (a polynomial whose leading coefficient is 1) of degree two whose coefficients are integers, i.e. quadratic integers are algebraic
Quadratic_integer
The study of integer points in convex polyhedra is motivated by questions such as "how many nonnegative integer-valued solutions does a system of linear
Integer points in convex polyhedra
Integer_points_in_convex_polyhedra
Visualization of the prime numbers formed by arranging the integers into a spiral
spiral correspond to polynomials of the form f ( n ) = 4 n 2 + b n + c {\displaystyle f(n)=4n^{2}+bn+c} where b and c are integer constants. When b is
Ulam_spiral
Concepts from linear algebra
root of the characteristic polynomial, that is, the largest integer k such that (λi − λ)k evenly divides that polynomial. Suppose a matrix A has dimension
Eigenvalues_and_eigenvectors
Estimate of time taken for running an algorithm
strongly polynomial time and weakly polynomial time algorithms. These two concepts are only relevant if the inputs to the algorithms consist of integers. The
Time_complexity
Polynomial invariant under variable permutations
symmetric polynomial is a polynomial P(X1, X2, ..., Xn) in n variables, such that if any of the variables are interchanged, one obtains the same polynomial. Formally
Symmetric_polynomial
Error-correcting codes
making the whole polynomial evaluate to zero: Λ ( X k − 1 ) = 0. {\displaystyle \Lambda (X_{k}^{-1})=0.} Let j {\displaystyle j} be any integer such that 1
Reed–Solomon_error_correction
In mathematics, a positive polynomial (respectively non-negative polynomial) on a particular set is a polynomial whose values are positive (respectively
Positive_polynomial
Arithmetic operation
operation for polynomials in one variable over a field. Then, as in the case of integers, one has a remainder. See Euclidean division of polynomials, and, for
Division_(mathematics)
Family of solutions to related differential equations
\end{aligned}}} when α is not an integer. When α is an integer, then the limit is used. These are chosen to be real-valued for real and positive arguments
Bessel_function
Used to count, measure, and label
(1872). A transcendental number is a numerical value that is not the root of a polynomial with integer coefficients. This means it is not algebraic and
Number
Number, approximately 1.618
root of a polynomial with rational coefficients, it is an algebraic number. Its minimal polynomial, the polynomial of lowest degree with integer coefficients
Golden_ratio
Product of a number by itself
of an integer may also be called a square number or a perfect square. In algebra, the operation of squaring is often generalized to polynomials, other
Square_(algebra)
Branch of mathematics
can be raised to a positive integer power. A monomial is a polynomial with one term while two- and three-term polynomials are called binomials and trinomials
Algebra
Every polynomial has a real or complex root
non-constant single-variable polynomial with complex coefficients has at least one complex root. This includes polynomials with real coefficients, since
Fundamental theorem of algebra
Fundamental_theorem_of_algebra
Algorithm for computing greatest common divisors
in the 19th century to other types of numbers, such as Gaussian integers and polynomials of one variable. This led to modern abstract algebraic notions
Euclidean_algorithm
Algebraic structure
over the integers may be solved by reducing them modulo one or several prime numbers. For example, the fastest known algorithms for polynomial factorization
Finite_field
Integer factorization algorithm
The quadratic sieve algorithm (QS) is an integer factorization algorithm and, in practice, the second-fastest method known (after the general number field
Quadratic_sieve
Cryptographic algorithm created by Adi Shamir
values that the polynomial may take by virtue of how it was constructed: the polynomial must have coefficients that are integers, and the polynomial must
Shamir's_secret_sharing
Algebraic structure with addition and multiplication
elements may be numbers such as integers or complex numbers, but they may also be non-numerical objects such as polynomials, square matrices, functions,
Ring_(mathematics)
Inherent difficulty of computational problems
process takes polynomial time. For example, the problem of squaring an integer can be reduced to the problem of multiplying two integers. This means an
Computational complexity theory
Computational_complexity_theory
Mapping arbitrary data to fixed-size values
division by a polynomial modulo 2 instead of an integer to map n bits to m bits. In this approach, M = 2m, and we postulate an mth-degree polynomial Z(x) = xm
Hash_function
Quotient of two integers
integers, a numerator p and a nonzero denominator q. For example, 3 7 {\displaystyle {\tfrac {3}{7}}} is a rational number, as is every integer (for
Rational_number
Integers have unique prime factorizations
domains, Euclidean domains, and polynomial rings over a field. However, the theorem does not hold for algebraic integers. This failure of unique factorization
Fundamental theorem of arithmetic
Fundamental_theorem_of_arithmetic
Number system extending the rational numbers
integer, which is quickly satisfied. Hensel lifting is a similar method that allows to "lift" the factorization modulo p of a polynomial with integer
P-adic_number
Number whose square is a given number
This simplifies finding a start value for the iterative method that is close to the square root, for which a polynomial or piecewise-linear approximation
Square_root
Prime number of the form 2^n – 1
cyclotomic polynomial. The simplest generalized Mersenne primes are prime numbers of the form f(2n), where f(x) is a low-degree polynomial with small integer coefficients
Mersenne_prime
About simultaneous modular congruences
division of an integer n by several integers, then one can determine uniquely the remainder of the division of n by the product of these integers, under the
Chinese_remainder_theorem
Function returning one of only two values
of k arguments. The Walsh transform of a Boolean function is a k-ary integer-valued function giving the coefficients of a decomposition into linear functions
Boolean_function
Finding the roots of polynomials is a long-standing problem that has been extensively studied throughout the history and substantially influenced the
Polynomial_root-finding
Finite extension of the rationals
associated to x is a monic polynomial with integer coefficients. Suppose that the matrix A that represents an element x has integer entries in some basis e
Algebraic_number_field
Number that is not a ratio of integers
polynomial with integer coefficients. Those that are not algebraic are transcendental. The real algebraic numbers are the real solutions of polynomial equations
Irrational_number
Polynomial sequence
\varphi } ) where m and n are nonnegative integers with n ≥ m ≥ 0 (m = 0 for spherical Zernike polynomials), φ {\displaystyle \varphi } is the azimuthal
Zernike_polynomials
(Mathematical) decomposition into a product
of the same kind. For example, 3 × 5 is an integer factorization of 15, and (x − 2)(x + 2) is a polynomial factorization of x2 − 4. Factorization is not
Factorization
INTEGER VALUED-POLYNOMIAL
INTEGER VALUED-POLYNOMIAL
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English, Finnish, French, Swedish
Lives in the Valley; Valley; Usually with a Stream; Strong; Healthy
Female
Swedish
Swedish contracted form of Scandinavian Ingegerd, INGER means "Ing's enclosure."
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
To Wait
Girl/Female
Danish, Finnish, German, Swedish
Guarded by Ing; Ing's Beauty; Ing's Place
Female
Spanish
Spanish name SALUD means "health."
Male
English
Variant spelling of Middle English Alvred, ALURED means "elf counsel."
Male
Welsh
Welsh name ALED means "offspring."
Boy/Male
English Latin
Strong.; the name of more than 50 saints and three Roman emperors.
Female
Scandinavian
Scandinavian form of Old Norse Ingigerðr, INGEGERD means "Ing's enclosure."
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English, Finnish, Swedish
Valley; Usually with a Stream; From the Glen
Girl/Female
British, English, Finnish, French, Latin
Valley; Usually with a Stream; Strong
Male
Scandinavian
Scandinavian form of German Walther, VALTER means "ruler of the army."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Powerful, Patient
Boy/Male
English
Lives in the valley.
Girl/Female
Biblical
The heap of witness.
Boy/Male
English
Sage, wise. From the Old English Aelfraed, meaning elf counsel. Also from Ealdfrith or Alfrid,...
Boy/Male
Muslim
To wait
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived in a valley, Middle English valeye.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Newborn child.
Boy/Male
Teutonic Swedish
Powerful ruler.
INTEGER VALUED-POLYNOMIAL
INTEGER VALUED-POLYNOMIAL
Male
Basque
, bear strong.
Girl/Female
Tamil
A river, Moon light
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Wife of Muhammad; Her Name was Hind
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Goddess Lakshmi
Girl/Female
American, Arabic, British, Celebrity, Christian, English, Finnish, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Latin, Lebanese, Malayalam, Muslim, Sindhi, Swedish, Telugu
River; Clay; War Like; Constant; Woman; Holy; Pure; Anointed; Little One; Follower of Christ; An Instrument; Follower of God
Girl/Female
Tamil
Lotus flower, Another name for Lakshmi
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Tennyson.
Girl/Female
Indian
Moonlight
Boy/Male
Indian
Pleasure
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Sikh, Tamil, Telugu
King of Sun; Other Name for Sun; Lord Surya (Sun)
INTEGER VALUED-POLYNOMIAL
INTEGER VALUED-POLYNOMIAL
INTEGER VALUED-POLYNOMIAL
INTEGER VALUED-POLYNOMIAL
INTEGER VALUED-POLYNOMIAL
n.
One who values; an appraiser.
n.
In an artistical composition, the character of any one part in its relation to other parts and to the whole; -- often used in the plural; as, the values are well given, or well maintained.
a.
Not valued; not appraised; hence, not considered; disregarded; valueless; as, an unvalued estate.
n.
The relative length or duration of a tone or note, answering to quantity in prosody; thus, a quarter note [/] has the value of two eighth notes [/].
v. t.
To be worth; to be equal to in value.
v. t.
To raise to estimation; to cause to have value, either real or apparent; to enhance in value.
a.
Consisting of, or having, three valves; opening with three valves; as, a three-valved pericarp.
a.
Having the form of a volume, or roil; as, volumed mist.
v. t.
To deposit and cover in the earth; to bury; to inhume; as, to inter a dead body.
a.
Highly regarded; esteemed; prized; as, a valued contributor; a valued friend.
a.
Having a valve or valve; valvate.
a.
Arched; concave; as, a vaulted roof.
v. t.
To rate highly; to have in high esteem; to hold in respect and estimation; to appreciate; to prize; as, to value one for his works or his virtues.
a.
Changed; altered; various; diversified; as, a varied experience; varied interests; varied scenery.
n.
Precise signification; import; as, the value of a word; the value of a legal instrument
a.
Having inestimable value; invaluable.
n.
A complete entity; a whole number, in contradistinction to a fraction or a mixed number.
n.
Value.
imp. & p. p.
of Value
v. t.
To estimate the value, or worth, of; to rate at a certain price; to appraise; to reckon with respect to number, power, importance, etc.