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Type of artificial neural network
The Helmholtz machine (named after Hermann von Helmholtz and his concept of Helmholtz free energy) is a type of artificial neural network that can account
Helmholtz_machine
Involuntary aspect of visual perception
term coined in 1867 by the German physicist and polymath Hermann von Helmholtz to describe an involuntary, pre-rational and reflex-like mechanism which
Unconscious_inference
Paradigm in machine learning that uses no classification labels
the top RBM. As of 2009, 3-4 layers seems to be the optimal depth. Helmholtz machine These are early inspirations for the Variational Auto Encoders. Its
Unsupervised_learning
Phenomenon of air resonance in a cavity
Helmholtz resonance, also known as wind throb, refers to the phenomenon of air resonance in a cavity, an effect named after the German physicist Hermann
Helmholtz_resonance
Computational model used in machine learning
Geoffrey Hinton, and others, including the Boltzmann machine, restricted Boltzmann machine, Helmholtz machine, and the wake-sleep algorithm. These were designed
Neural network (machine learning)
Neural_network_(machine_learning)
German physicist and physiologist (1821–1894)
Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (31 August 1821 – 8 September 1894; "von" since 1883) was a German physicist and physician who made significant
Hermann_von_Helmholtz
Type of stochastic recurrent neural network
foundational contributions to machine learning, such as the Boltzmann machine. Restricted Boltzmann machine Helmholtz machine Markov random field (MRF) Ising
Boltzmann_machine
Researcher in computational neuroscience
learning, including the wake-sleep algorithm for neural networks and the Helmholtz machine. Dayan studied mathematics at the University of Cambridge and then
Peter_Dayan
Explaining the brain's abilities through statistical principles
disciplines including machine learning, experimental psychology and Bayesian statistics. As early as the 1860s, with the work of Hermann Helmholtz in experimental
Bayesian approaches to brain function
Bayesian_approaches_to_brain_function
Topics referred to by the same term
Helmholtz most commonly refers to Hermann von Helmholtz (1821-1894), German physician and physicist. Helmholtz or Helmholz may also refer to: Places named
Helmholtz_(disambiguation)
Branch of machine learning
Geoffrey Hinton, etc., including the Boltzmann machine, restricted Boltzmann machine, Helmholtz machine, and the wake-sleep algorithm. These were designed
Deep_learning
Unsupervised learning algorithm
unsupervised learning algorithm for deep generative models, especially Helmholtz Machines. The algorithm is similar to the expectation-maximization algorithm
Wake-sleep_algorithm
Largest scientific organisation in Germany
The Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (German: Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren) is the largest scientific organisation
Helmholtz_Association
Canadian-American computer scientist (born 1963)
and Ph.D. both in computer science in 1989 and 1994, respectively. Helmholtz machine "Profile on Google Scholar". "Richard Zemel's Homepage". Richard Zemel
Richard_Zemel
Hypothesis in neuroscience
variational free energy is based upon Helmholtz's work on unconscious inference and subsequent treatments in psychology and machine learning. Variational free energy
Free_energy_principle
Geoffrey Hinton, etc., including the Boltzmann machine, restricted Boltzmann machine, Helmholtz machine, and the wake-sleep algorithm. These were designed
History of artificial neural networks
History_of_artificial_neural_networks
below. 11573 Helmholtz Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism Helmholtz (lunar crater) Gibbs–Helmholtz equation Helmholtz coil Helmholtz condition Helmholtz decomposition
List of things named after Hermann von Helmholtz
List_of_things_named_after_Hermann_von_Helmholtz
Class of artificial neural network
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33275-3_2, ISBN 978-3-642-33274-6 Autoencoder Helmholtz machine Sherrington, David; Kirkpatrick, Scott (1975), "Solvable Model of
Restricted_Boltzmann_machine
Two circular coil device which creates a homogeneous magnetic field
A Helmholtz coil is a device for producing a region of nearly uniform magnetic field, named after the German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz. It consists
Helmholtz_coil
Canadian computer scientist and statistician (born 1956)
Hinton, Geoffrey E.; Neal, Radford M.; Zemel, Richard S. (1995). "The Helmholtz Machine". Neural Computation. 7 (5): 889–904. doi:10.1162/neco.1995.7.5.889
Radford_M._Neal
German Earth science research center
The GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences (German: GFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Geoforschung; formerly Helmholtz Centre Potsdam – GFZ German Research Centre
GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences
GFZ_Helmholtz_Centre_for_Geosciences
Thermodynamic potential
In thermodynamics, the Helmholtz free energy (or Helmholtz energy) is a thermodynamic potential that measures the useful work obtainable from a closed
Helmholtz_free_energy
1932 dystopian novel by Aldous Huxley
them. Helmholtz and Bernard rush in to stop the ensuing riot, which the police quell by spraying soma vapour into the crowd. Bernard, Helmholtz, and John
Brave_New_World
Computer-vision research conference
Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. The award is named after the 19th century physician and physicist Hermann von Helmholtz, and the ICCV's award
International Conference on Computer Vision
International_Conference_on_Computer_Vision
Theory of brain function
coding similar to some other models of hierarchical learning, such as Helmholtz machines and Deep belief networks, which however employ different learning
Predictive_coding
Approach in generative models
Peter; Hinton, Geoffrey; Neal, Radford; Zemel, Richard S. (1999), "Helmholtz Machine", Unsupervised Learning, The MIT Press, doi:10.7551/mitpress/7011
Energy-based_model
British-Canadian computer scientist (born 1947)
representations, time delay neural network, mixtures of experts, Helmholtz machines and product of experts. An accessible introduction to Geoffrey Hinton's
Geoffrey_Hinton
American theoretical physicist
quantum mechanics based on the similarity of quantum mechanics and Helmholtz machines. He was awarded the E. O. Lawrence Award in 1982 by the United States
George_Chapline_Jr.
Cognitive science prize
computational neuroscience, Q-learning algorithm, wake-sleep algorithm, Helmholtz machine Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, University College
Rumelhart_Prize
Molecular interface between a surface and a fluid
combining the Helmholtz model with the Gouy-Chapman model: in Stern's model, some ions adhere to the electrode as suggested by Helmholtz, giving an internal
Double layer (surface science)
Double_layer_(surface_science)
Turkish computer scientist
Interpretable and Reliable Machine Learning chair. Akata is also the director of the Helmholtz Institute for Explainable Machine Learning. Akata received
Zeynep_Akata
Research institute in Kiel, Germany
The GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR), formerly known as the Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences (German: Leibniz-Institut für
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
GEOMAR_Helmholtz_Centre_for_Ocean_Research_Kiel
Research laboratory in Germany
94972 The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) is a Dresden-based research laboratory. It conducts research in three of the Helmholtz Association's
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
Helmholtz-Zentrum_Dresden-Rossendorf
Research institute in Leipzig, Germany
The work of the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ (prior to 28 November 2006 UFZ-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle GmbH) covers both
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
Helmholtz_Centre_for_Environmental_Research
Physics Institute
The Helmholtz Institute Jena was founded as an outstation of the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung on June 25, 2009 and is located on the
Helmholtz_Institute_Jena
co-introduced the backpropagation algorithm, the Boltzmann machine and the Helmholtz machine; known as the "Godfather of AI" Steve Mann (professor of computer
List of University of Toronto faculty
List_of_University_of_Toronto_faculty
British physicist, engineer and mathematician (1824–1907)
as Thomson bridge) Kelvin functions Kelvin–Helmholtz instability Kelvin–Helmholtz luminosity Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism Kelvin–Voigt material Joule–Thomson
Lord_Kelvin
German research institution
The Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (German: Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung)
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
Alfred_Wegener_Institute_for_Polar_and_Marine_Research
American poet and critic (1885–1972)
Archived 19 March 2022 at the Wayback Machine, 180–188; Pound (August 1917) Archived 11 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 248–254 Moody (2007), 306–307 Tytell
Ezra_Pound
German research institute
48°25′35″N 9°57′36″E / 48.42634°N 9.96002°E / 48.42634; 9.96002 The Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) carries out research and development in the area of
Helmholtz_Institute_Ulm
Knowledge derived from familiarity
Aristotelian Society on 6 March 1911. In a similar fashion, in 1868 Hermann von Helmholtz had distinguished clearly between das Kennen, the knowledge that consisted
Knowledge_by_acquaintance
Autonomous underwater vehicle for mapping of the seabed and water column data collection
vessels. AUV Abyss, GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 2012 Archived 2014-03-23 at the Wayback Machine Technical Specifications (German)
AUV_Abyss
Thermodynamic potential of entropy, analogous to the free energy
{\displaystyle U(S,V)} Enthalpy H ( S , p ) = U + p V {\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV} Helmholtz free energy A ( T , V ) = U − T S {\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS} Gibbs free
Free_entropy
German physicist (1857–1894)
and Berlin, where he studied under Gustav Kirchhoff and Hermann von Helmholtz. In 1880, Hertz obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Berlin, and
Heinrich_Hertz
American computer vision researcher
framework along with Michael Jones. He won the Marr Prize in 2003 and the Helmholtz Prize from the International Conference on Computer Vision in 2013. He
Paul_Viola
Jamaican-born American microbiologist
Helmholtz Zentrum. "Pioneering achievements in sequencing bacterial genomes: Karen Nelson receives Helmholtz International Fellow Award – Helmholtz Zentrum
Karen_E._Nelson
circulation theorem Kelvin–Helmholtz instability Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism Kelvin–Helmholtz luminosity Kelvin-Helmholtz time scale Kelvin–Planck statement
List of things named after Lord Kelvin
List_of_things_named_after_Lord_Kelvin
Computer imaging researcher
Munich, Director of the Institute of Machine Learning in Biomedical Imaging at Helmholtz Zentrum München (Helmholtz Distinguished Professorship), and Chair
Julia_Schnabel
Numerical technique
Vladimir Rokhlin Jr. and is based on the multipole expansion of the vector Helmholtz equation. By treating the interactions between far-away basis functions
Fast_multipole_method
Interdisciplinary research centre in Germany
Research Centre Limited Liability Company”) is a private company as part of Helmholtz Association with strong national funding that pursues interdisciplinary
Forschungszentrum_Jülich
Types of electrical circuits
Maxwell's equations Displacement current Electromagnetic field Lorentz force Helmholtz theorem Retarded potentials Liénard–Wiechert potential Jefimenko's equations
Series_and_parallel_circuits
German neuroendocrinologist (born 1967)
and Scientific Director of Helmholtz Zentrum München, as well as Vice President for the Research Area Health of the Helmholtz Association of German Research
Matthias_Tschöp
Musical tuning system
solution remains an enigma." The 19th-century German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz wrote in On the Sensations of Tone that a Chinese prince (see below) introduced
Equal_temperament
Electrically insulating substance able to be polarised by an applied electric field
Maxwell's equations Displacement current Electromagnetic field Lorentz force Helmholtz theorem Retarded potentials Liénard–Wiechert potential Jefimenko's equations
Dielectric
Electric and magnetic fields produced by moving charged objects
Maxwell's equations Displacement current Electromagnetic field Lorentz force Helmholtz theorem Retarded potentials Liénard–Wiechert potential Jefimenko's equations
Electromagnetic_field
Observational basis of thermodynamics
motion machines, respectively: the perpetual motion machine of the first kind which produces work with no energy input, and the perpetual motion machine of
Laws_of_thermodynamics
Main-belt asteroid
11573 Helmholtz, provisional designation 1993 SK3, is a Zhongguo asteroid from the outermost region of the asteroid belt, approximately 13 kilometers
11573_Helmholtz
National cancer research center in Heidelberg, Germany
cancer research center based in Heidelberg, Germany. It is a member of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, the largest scientific organization
German_Cancer_Research_Center
inventor, and artist living in Munich, Germany. He is the director of a new Helmholtz Institute of Intelligent Biotechnologies (iBIO) in Munich since July 2019
Ali_Ertürk
Italian cognitive scientist (born 1947)
Retrieved 19 January 2023. "ICCV Helmholtz Prize - IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence -IEEE Computer Society
Tomaso_Poggio
English polymath (1773–1829)
Stone. Young's work influenced that of William Herschel, Hermann von Helmholtz, James Clerk Maxwell, and Albert Einstein. Young is credited with establishing
Thomas_Young_(scientist)
the Wayback Machine Patterns in Earth's magnetic field that evolve on the order of 1,000 years Archived 2018-07-20 at the Wayback Machine. July 19, 2017
Earth's_magnetic_field
German experimental physicist
(group headed by Prof. Dr. Steffen Emmert), received the prestigious Helmholtz Prize in the field of Applied Metrology for innovations in optical biopsy
Bernhard_Roth
Research establishment in Adlershof, Berlin, Germany
Originally part of the Leibniz Association, BESSY now belongs to the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (since 1 January 2009). Owing to the radiometry lab of
BESSY
SI derived unit of power
express the output power of engines and the power of electric motors, tools, machines, and heaters. It is also a common unit used to express the electromagnetic
Watt
Branch of theoretical physics
Maxwell's equations Displacement current Electromagnetic field Lorentz force Helmholtz theorem Retarded potentials Liénard–Wiechert potential Jefimenko's equations
Classical_electromagnetism
German theoretical physicist
nuclear matter – proof by circumstantial evidence. He went on to GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research and – as a DAAD – postdoctoral fellow –
Horst_Stöcker
Phenomena related to electric charge
with a more reliable source of electrical energy than the electrostatic machines previously used. The recognition of electromagnetism, the unity of electric
Electricity
Type of energy transfer
with a mechanical analysis of processes, for example in the work of Helmholtz. This mechanical view is taken in this article as currently customary
Heat
Law of electrical current and voltage
A. Esposito, "A Simplified Method for Analyzing Circuits by Analogy", Machine Design, October 1969, pp. 173–177. Guyton, Arthur; Hall, John (2006). "Chapter
Ohm's_law
Topics referred to by the same term
Wiktionary, the free dictionary. HMI may refer to: Hahn-Meitner-Institut, now Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, a German research institute Hanson Musical Instruments
HMI
Percussive musical instrument
upper side of the instrument with the sound of the air in the vessel, the Helmholtz resonance. Different from the Hang the Gu, a round resonance opening with
Gubal_(instrument)
Theorem in classical electromagnetism
following analogous results regarding sound by Lord Rayleigh and light by Helmholtz (Potton 2004). Loosely, it states that the relationship between an oscillating
Reciprocity (electromagnetism)
Reciprocity_(electromagnetism)
Italian musical instrument maker (1836–1925)
invented the ocarina, a ceramic wind instrument based on the principle of a Helmholtz resonator. Donati was born in Budrio. Legend has it that he created his
Giuseppe_Donati
Law of classical electromagnetism
the origin). Loops such as the one described appear in devices like the Helmholtz coil, the solenoid, and the Magsail spacecraft propulsion system. Calculation
Biot–Savart_law
English economist and logician (1835–1882)
truths in their theoretical existence. In 1872, Helmholtz gave a response to Jevons, who claimed that Helmholtz failed to show why geometric truth should be
William_Stanley_Jevons
Greek-American computer scientist
in image retrieval and related tasks. The EMD paper received the ICCV Helmholtz Prize in 2013, recognizing work with fundamental impact on computer vision
Leonidas_J._Guibas
Molecular biologist
starting her Ph.D. studies, Kreshuk worked at CERN (2004–2007) and the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (2007–2008) as a scientific programmer.
Anna_Kreshuk
Type of potential in electrodynamics
Maxwell's equations Displacement current Electromagnetic field Lorentz force Helmholtz theorem Retarded potentials Liénard–Wiechert potential Jefimenko's equations
Retarded_potential
State function whose change relates to the system's maximal work output
utility to solution-phase chemists, including biochemists. In contrast, the Helmholtz free energy is defined as A = U − TS. Its change is equal to the amount
Thermodynamic_free_energy
Object that has a magnetic field
Study on Their Potential in Electrical Machines". Frequently Asked Questions Archived 2008-03-12 at the Wayback Machine. Magnet sales & Mfct Co Inc. Retrieved
Magnet
German physicist (1858–1947)
study with physicists Hermann von Helmholtz and Gustav Kirchhoff and mathematician Karl Weierstrass. He wrote that Helmholtz was never quite prepared, spoke
Max_Planck
German professor of computer science
of computer science. He is the founding director and CEO of the CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security. He is known for his work on formal methods
Michael_Backes
American-born computer scientist
the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) in 2010 and 2022, the Helmholtz Prize at the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) in 2013
Michael_J._Black
Device or system that exhibits resonance
produced by air vibrating in a cavity with one opening, are known as Helmholtz resonators. A physical system can have as many resonant frequencies as
Resonator
Electromagnetic property of matter
François de Cisternay DuFay (1698–1739) Archived 2009-05-26 at the Wayback Machine. sparkmuseum.com Wangsness, Roald K. (1986). Electromagnetic Fields (2nd ed
Electric_charge
performed using Q-machines includes current driven ion cyclotron waves, Kelvin-Helmholtz waves, and electron phase space holes. Today, Q-machines can be found
Q-machine
Part of an eye examination
German physiologist Hermann von Helmholtz invented the ophthalmoscope again independently. At that time, Helmholtz was a young physiology professor and
Ophthalmoscopy
Type of pump
liquid. Applications include pumping molten solder in many wave soldering machines, pumping liquid-metal coolant, and magnetohydrodynamic drive. A magnetic
Electromagnetic_pump
Statement on equilibrium in electromagnetism
Maxwell's equations Displacement current Electromagnetic field Lorentz force Helmholtz theorem Retarded potentials Liénard–Wiechert potential Jefimenko's equations
Earnshaw's_theorem
University in Germany
with external organizations such as the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, several Fraunhofer Institutes, and Germany's
TU_Braunschweig
Unidirectional flow of electric charge
(2010). Physics. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 175. ISBN 978-0-230-23192-4. "Pixii Machine invented by Hippolyte Pixii, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory".
Direct_current
German politician, lawyer and administrative officer
the Wayback Machine Deutschlandradio. Board of Trustees Heinrich Hertz Foundation. Senate Archived 2018-01-14 at the Wayback Machine Helmholtz Association
Isabel_Pfeiffer-Poensgen
English chemist and physicist (1791–1867)
Michael Faraday Primary School Archived 29 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. michaelfaradayschool.co.uk "History of Faraday (Station F)". British Antarctic
Michael_Faraday
Greek American engineer, scientist, and inventor
Biological and Medical Imaging and the director of bioengineering at Helmholtz Munich. Ntziachristos studied electrical and computer engineering at the
Vasilis_Ntziachristos
Scalar physical quantities representing system states
occurring which cause them to change. The Helmholtz free energy is in ISO/IEC standard called Helmholtz energy or Helmholtz function. It is often denoted by the
Thermodynamic_potential
Concept in physiology
of efferent copies was the German physician and physicist Hermann von Helmholtz in the middle of the 19th century. He argued that the brain needed to
Efference_copy
Sudden flow of electric current between two electrically charged objects by contact
defined by the JEDEC. Other standardized ESD test circuits include the machine model (MM) and transmission line pulse (TLP). Automotive Electronics Council
Electrostatic_discharge
Austrian physicist (1887–1961)
follows the step of Isaac Newton, James Clerk Maxwell and Hermann von Helmholtz in the same area. Some of these papers have been translated into English
Erwin_Schrödinger
Aerodynamic instability in axial or centrifugal compressors
system. Although Helmholtz resonance frequency is often employed to characterize the unsteadiness of mild surge; it was found that Helmholtz oscillation did
Surge_in_compressors
HELMHOLTZ MACHINE
HELMHOLTZ MACHINE
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : occupational name for a maker of machinery, mostly in wood, of any of a wide range of kinds, from Old English wyrhta, wryhta ‘craftsman’ (a derivative of wyrcan ‘to work or make’). The term is found in various combinations (for example, Cartwright and Wainwright), but when used in isolation it generally referred to a builder of windmills or watermills.Common New England Americanized form of French Le Droit, a nickname for an upright person, a man of probity, from Old French droit ‘right’, in which there has been confusion between the homophones right and wright.
Boy/Male
American, Australian
Weighing Machine
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Kent and Sussex)
English (chiefly Kent and Sussex) : occupational name for a designer or engineer, from a Middle English reduced form of Old French engineor ‘contriver’ (a derivative of engaigne ‘cunning’, ‘ingenuity’, ‘stratagem’, ‘device’). Engineers in the Middle Ages were primarily designers and builders of military machines, although in peacetime they might turn their hands to architecture and other more pacific functions.German : from the Latin personal name Januarius (see January 1). Jänner is a South German word for ‘January’, and so it is possible that this is one of the surnames acquired from words denoting months of the year, for example by converts who had been baptized in that month, people who were born or baptized in that month, or people whose taxes were due in January.
Surname or Lastname
Jewish (Ashkenazic)
Jewish (Ashkenazic) : occupational name for a cantor in a synagogue, from Yiddish zinger ‘singer’.English : variant of Sanger 2, in fact a Middle English recoinage from the verb sing(en) ‘to sing’.German : variant of Sänger (see Sanger 1) in the sense of ‘poet’.Isaac Merrit Singer, inventor of the eponymous sewing machine, was born in 1811 in Pittstown, NY, the son of German immigrant Adam Reisinger. He had five wives and fathered 24 children. Singer, who incorporated his company as the Singer Manufacturing Company in 1864, left a fortune worth $13 million to his various heirs.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : metonymic occupational name, from Middle English, Old French trone ‘weighing machine’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : in part probably a metonymic occupational name for a soldier in charge of a catapult- or bow-like machine used for throwing heavy missiles, Old French espringalle, Anglo-French springalde. However, Reaney and Wilson, believe the Middle English word springal(d) (which appears to have contributed to the surname), to have a different derivation, perhaps a nickname for a young man, a stripling, from spring (see Spring).
Girl/Female
Bengali, Indian
Machine
HELMHOLTZ MACHINE
HELMHOLTZ MACHINE
Girl/Female
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
God's Gift
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Sentimental; Emotional
Girl/Female
Indian
This was the name of the freed slave of al-waleed bin Abdullah, She transmitted Hadith from Sayyidah Ayshah ra
Girl/Female
English American French Latin
Lord.
Boy/Male
Hebrew Vietnamese
Hot.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Tributary of River Ganga
Girl/Female
English American Hebrew
Feminine of nickname for Joseph and Jude.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Perfectly formed
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Blessed by Lord Krishna
Boy/Male
Muslim
All comprehensive, Complete
HELMHOLTZ MACHINE
HELMHOLTZ MACHINE
HELMHOLTZ MACHINE
HELMHOLTZ MACHINE
HELMHOLTZ MACHINE
n.
An instrument devised by Helmholtz for measuring the size of a reflected image on the convex surface of the cornea and lens of the eye, by which their curvature can be ascertained.
n.
In general, any combination of bodies so connected that their relative motions are constrained, and by means of which force and motion may be transmitted and modified, as a screw and its nut, or a lever arranged to turn about a fulcrum or a pulley about its pivot, etc.; especially, a construction, more or less complex, consisting of a combination of moving parts, or simple mechanical elements, as wheels, levers, cams, etc., with their supports and connecting framework, calculated to constitute a prime mover, or to receive force and motion from a prime mover or from another machine, and transmit, modify, and apply them to the production of some desired mechanical effect or work, as weaving by a loom, or the excitation of electricity by an electrical machine.
a.
Adapted or adaptable to all or to various uses, shapes, sizes, etc.; as, a universal milling machine.
n.
The working parts of a machine, engine, or instrument; as, the machinery of a watch.
n.
One who or operates a machine; a machinist.
n.
An apparatus for measuring speed, as of machinery or vessels, but especially of projectiles.
v. t.
The act of employing anything, or of applying it to one's service; the state of being so employed or applied; application; employment; conversion to some purpose; as, the use of a pen in writing; his machines are in general use.
n.
A machine for concentrating ore. See Frue vanner.
n.
A machine for cleansing or loosening wool by the action of a revolving cylinder covered with long iron spikes or teeth; a willy or willying machine; -- called also twilly devil, and devil. See Devil, n., 6, and Willy.
n.
A contrivance for effecting ventilation; especially, a contrivance or machine for drawing off or expelling foul or stagnant air from any place or apartment, or for introducing that which is fresh and pure.
v. t.
To make useful; to turn to profitable account or use; to make use of; as, to utilize the whole power of a machine; to utilize one's opportunities.
n.
One who, or that which, sets type; a compositor; a machine for setting type.
n.
A combination of persons acting together for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use; as, the social machine.
n.
Machines, in general, or collectively.
v. t.
To subject to the action of machinery; to effect by aid of machinery; to print with a printing machine.
imp. & p. p.
of Machine
n.
A joint or other connection uniting parts of machinery, or the like, as the elastic pipe of a tender connecting it with the feed pipe of a locomotive engine; especially, a pipe fitting for connecting pipes, or pipes and fittings, in such a way as to facilitate disconnection.
n.
An instrument, devised by Professor Helmholtz, for testing the color perception of the eye, or for comparing different lights, as to their constituent colors or their relative whiteness.