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Submarine volcano near Tongatapu, Tonga
Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai (listen) is a submarine volcano in the South Pacific located about 30 km (19 mi) south of the submarine volcano of Fonuafoʻou
Hunga_Tonga–Hunga_Haʻapai
Group of islands in the Kingdom of Tonga
Haʻapai is a group of islands, islets, reefs, and shoals in the central part of Tonga. It has a combined land area of 109.30 square kilometres (42.20 sq mi)
Haʻapai
Volcanic event in the South Pacific Ocean
In December 2021, an eruption began on Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai, a submarine volcano in the Tongan archipelago in the southern Pacific Ocean. The eruption
2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami
2022_Hunga_Tonga–Hunga_Haʻapai_eruption_and_tsunami
Country in Oceania
northern island of Niuatoputapu); and Abel Tasman (who visited Tongatapu and Haʻapai) in 1643. Later noteworthy European visitors included James Cook, of the
Tonga
20°01′16″S 174°27′18″W / 20.021°S 174.455°W / -20.021; -174.455 (Limu (Haʻapai)) Lofanga 19°49′34″S 174°32′56″W / 19.826°S 174.549°W / -19.826; -174
List of islands and towns in Tonga
List_of_islands_and_towns_in_Tonga
Rupture in a planet's crust where material escapes
Satellite images of the January 15, 2022, eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai
Volcano
Ruler of Ha'apai, Tonga
Tupouto'a (died 1820) was the ruler of Haʻapai, Tonga from 1808 to 1820 and the father of the first king of Tonga, Tāufā'ahāu (George Tupou I). Campbell
Tupoutoʻa_(Haʻapai)
King of Tonga since 2012
2015. Key events in Tupou VI's reign included the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami and a constitutional crisis resulting from his dismissal
Tupou_VI
Electoral constituency in Tonga
Haʻapai 13 is an electoral constituency for the Legislative Assembly in the Kingdom of Tonga. It was established for the November 2010 general election
Haʻapai_13
to south order: Niuafoou Niuatoputapu (Keppel's Island) Vavau Kao Tofua Haapai Tongatapu Eua Islands of Tuvalu Funafuti (atoll of at least 30 islands)
List of islands in the Pacific Ocean
List_of_islands_in_the_Pacific_Ocean
Large volcanic eruption in the Sunda Strait
utopian society. Volcanoes portal Indonesia portal 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami – Similar-sized eruption in 2022 Fair Wind to Java
1883_eruption_of_Krakatoa
King of Tonga from 1845 to 1893
king of modern Tonga. Originally controlling a disputed piece of land in Haʻapai, he expanded to control Vavaʻu, Tongatapu, and other islands. George Tupou
George_Tupou_I
Predictive qualitative scale for explosiveness of volcanic eruptions
Tarawera (1886), St. Helens (1980), Puyehue (2011), Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai (2022) 6 > 10 km3 Plinian / Ultra-Plinian Colossal > 30 km 50–100 years
Volcanic_explosivity_index
Catastrophic volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815
Philippines Ring of Fire 1991 34 6 −0.5 847847 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami Tonga Ring of Fire 2022 55 5–6 +0.035 020015 Sources:
1815 eruption of Mount Tambora
1815_eruption_of_Mount_Tambora
New Zealand rugby union player (1975–2015)
multiple opponents at once. Born in Pukekohe to Tongan immigrants from Haʻapai, Lomu grew up between rural Tonga and South Auckland. Attending Wesley
Jonah_Lomu
Cauldron-like volcanic feature formed by the emptying of a magma chamber
the caldera collapses at Kīlauea, Hawaii, in 2018 and Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai in 2022 being the most recent. Volcanoes that have formed a caldera are
Caldera
Jabal al-Tair 3 Yemen 2007 6 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai 5 Tonga 2022 2021–22 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami 6 Karangetang 2 Indonesia 1992
List of volcanic eruptions by death toll
List_of_volcanic_eruptions_by_death_toll
Radiated tortoise (1777–1966)
other sources, George Tupou I obtained her from a vessel which called in Haʻapai in the first half of the 19th century. The tortoise was taken to Muʻa,
Tu'i_Malila
Island in Tonga
Limu is an island in Tonga. It is located within the Ha'apai Group in the centre of the country, to northeast of the national capital of Nukuʻalofa. Sailing
Limu_(Haʻapai)
Capital of Tonga
capital to Kolofoʻou, Nukuʻalofa after he ruled and reigned from Pangai, Haʻapai since 1845. Maʻufanga, on the eastern side of Nukualofa. Maʻufanga was
Nukuʻalofa
American Catholic priest (born 1960)
Seminary (1991–1994) in Fiji. He then served at parishes in Nukuʻalofa and Haʻapai in Tonga. He was given the Tongan name Tupou by a family during his time
Michael_T._Castori
City in California, United States
activity. It was again hit by ocean surges caused by 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami, that caused damages to the harbor. Santa Cruz became
Santa_Cruz,_California
04:14:45 621831271 252 HUNGATONGAHUNGAAPAI2022 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami 23 2016-11-13 11:02:59 615035032 251 KAIKOURA2016
Lists_of_earthquakes
Lulunga archipelago of the Haʻapai group Tonga Tegua Torres Islands Vanuatu Tele-ki-Vava'u 'Otu Mu'omu'a group of the Haʻapai group Tonga Tele-ki-Tonga
List_of_islands_by_name_(T)
Class of units of measurement for explosive energy
detonated. 61 70.9 TWh The energy released by the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai volcanic eruption, in the southern Pacific Ocean, is estimated to have
TNT_equivalent
Submerged caldera in the Aegean Sea
pyroclastic flows 10 times larger than those of the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption, and the eruption breached the sea surface and covered three nearby
Santorini_caldera
Electoral constituency in Tonga
Haʻapai 12 is an electoral constituency for the Legislative Assembly in the Kingdom of Tonga. It was established for the November 2010 general election
Haʻapai_12
Chemical compound of sulfur and oxygen
into the stratosphere following the 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai resulted in altered atmospheric circulation that promoted a decrease in
Sulfur_dioxide
States Nomuka 'Otu Mu'omu'a group of the Haʻapai group Tonga Nomuka iki 'Otu Mu'omu'a group of the Haʻapai group Tonga No-Name Allegheny River, Pennsylvania
List_of_islands_by_name_(N)
Cloud of hot ash and volcanic gases emitted during an explosive volcanic eruption
Satellite animation of the initial eruption column and shockwave from Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai on 15 January 2022
Eruption_column
Ethnic group
public health interventions. In January 2022, the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami undersea volcano erupted with extraordinary force
Tongans_in_Hawaii
largest volcanic eruption of the 21st century is the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami, and the deadliest are the 2018 Volcán de Fuego eruption
List of volcanic eruptions in the 21st century
List_of_volcanic_eruptions_in_the_21st_century
January–September: Coups d'état in Burkina Faso. January 15: The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami is the largest and most powerful volcanic eruption
Timeline_of_the_21st_century
Vibrations with frequencies lower than 20 hertz
the scale of the infrasound was "dwarfed" by the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption, detected by all 53 stations. The 2017 film The Sound uses infrasound
Infrasound
Island in Tonga
Nomuka is a small island in the southern part of the Haʻapai group of islands in Tonga. It is part of the Nomuka Group of islands, also called the ʻOtu
Nomuka
islands, 36 of them inhabited, which are in three main groups – Vavaʻu, Haʻapai, and Tongatapu – and cover an 800-kilometre-long (500-mile) north–south
Geography_of_Tonga
Ongoing COVID-19 viral pandemic in Tonga
August 2022) Division Cases Active Recovered References 'Eua 224 122 102 Haʻapai 930 47 883 Ongo Niua (Niuafo'ou) 49 46 3 Ongo Niua (Niuatoputapu) 159 70
COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tonga
Volcanic eruption in southwest Pacific
area, which has had VEI 6 eruptions, as well as the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai area which had a VEI 5–6 eruption in 2022. The oral histories of the indigenous
1808_mystery_eruption
Island in Tonga
Niniva is an island in Lifuka district, in the Haʻapai islands of Tonga. The island is 26m high. Sailing Directions (enroute) for the Pacific Islands
Niniva
United States, Alaska VIII (Severe) 5.0 December 6 - 14 7.0 0 Tonga, Haʻapai offshore VI (Strong) 31.0 March 30 - 14 7.0 0 Australia, Macquarie Island
List_of_earthquakes_in_2025
National legislature of Tonga
titles, an equal number of people's representatives, the governors for Haʻapai and Vavaʻu, and at least four Cabinet Ministers chosen by the monarch.
Legislative_Assembly_of_Tonga
the Oaxaca area. - 1 25 Tonga, Haʻapai offshore, 75 km (47 mi) W of Pangai 6.9 96.0 VI Communications disrupted in Haʻapai and Vavaʻu due to damage to the
List_of_earthquakes_in_2024
Official residence of the King of Tonga
former British High Commissioner. There is Tauʻakipulu palace on Lifuka in Haʻapai, Fangatongo ("mangrove beach") near Talau on Vavaʻu, and residences in
Royal_Palace,_Tonga
Island in Tonga
Kelefesia (also: Falafagea, Fallafajea, Kelifijia) is an island in the Haʻapai Archipelago, that belongs to the Kingdom of Tonga. Among neighboring islands
Kelefesia
Island in Tonga
or ʻOtu Muʻomuʻa group of islands, which are the southern part of the Haʻapai group. Mango had a population of 36 in the 2021 census. The island was
Mango_(Tonga)
and Haʻapai, and a few in Vavaʻu and the Niuas that provide insights into old Tongan settlement patterns, diet, economy, and culture. The Haʻapai of three
History_of_Tonga
Style of reaction between magma and seawater
Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai, Tonga, 2009 and 2021–2022 (see 2009 Tonga undersea volcanic eruption and 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami)
Surtseyan_eruption
Polynesian mythological hero and trickster
the Tongan Islands from the deep: first appeared Lofanga and the other Haʻapai Islands, and finally Vavaʻu. Māui then dwelt in Tonga. Māui had two sons:
Māui
Prime Minister of Tonga from 1881 to 1890
minister, before returning to Tonga permanently in May 1898. He settled in Haʻapai where he had built a small house, living with his three unmarried daughters
Shirley_Waldemar_Baker
Airport) 21°23′S 174°57′W / 21.383°S 174.950°W / -21.383; -174.950 Lifuka, Haʻapai NFTL HPA Lifuka Island Airport (Salote Pilolevu Airport) 19°46′36″S 174°20′28″W
List_of_airports_in_Tonga
Volcanic eruption involving both steam and magma
Phreatomagmatic eruptions are volcanic eruptions resulting from interaction between magma and water. They differ from exclusively magmatic eruptions and
Phreatomagmatic_eruption
Island in Tonga
Tonumea (also: Tanumea, Tonomaia, Tonumeia) is an island in the Haʻapai archipelago that belongs to the Kingdom of Tonga. Among neighboring islands are
Tonumea
A by-election was held in the Tongan electorate of Haʻapai 12 on 1 September 2022. The by-election was triggered by the death of MP Viliami Hingano on
2022_Haʻapai_12_by-election
Administrative capital village of the Haʻapai group in Tonga
Pangai is the administrative capital village of the Haʻapai group in Tonga. The village is on the western shore of Lifuka and has a population of 1,026
Pangai
Prime Minister of Tonga since 2025
estates of Maʻufanga (on Tongatapu), Ngaʻakau (on Vavaʻu) and Faleloa (on Haʻapai), and enables its holder to be elected to the Legislative Assembly as a
Fatafehi_Fakafānua
China Honiara Luganville, Vanuatu Mackay, Australia Port Vila, Vanuatu Haʻapai Dongguan, China Nukuʻalofa Whitby, England, United Kingdom Luganville Honiara
List of twin towns and sister cities in Oceania
List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Oceania
Volcanic island and stratovolcano in Tonga
Kao is an island and stratovolcano in the Haʻapai island group of Tonga. It lies about 6 km (3.7 mi) north of Tofua island and reaches 1,030 m (3,379 ft)
Kao_(island)
Volcanic eruption creating a new land linking Hunga Tonga and Hunga Haʻapai islands
reported lava and ash from two vents, one on the uninhabited island Hunga Haʻapai and another about 100 m (330 ft) offshore, had filled the gap between the
2009 Tonga undersea volcanic eruption
2009_Tonga_undersea_volcanic_eruption
Tonga international rugby union player
Seti Kiole (born 7 June 1980 in Holopeka, Tonga) is a Tongan rugby union footballer. His father, Peni Kiole, was a Tongan International. He is a cousin
Seti_Kiole
Country Land formation year(s) Nishinoshima Japan 2023 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai Tonga 2022 Fukutoku-Okanoba Japan 2021–2022, 1986, 1974–75, 1914, 1904–05
List of islands created since the 20th century
List_of_islands_created_since_the_20th_century
Calendar year
powerful volcanic eruption of the 21st century occurs when Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai volcano erupts; Protestors on Keshavarz Boulevard against the Iranian government
2022
Volcanic island in Tonga
Tofua is a volcanic island in Tonga. Located in the Haʻapai island group, it is a steep-sided composite cone with a summit caldera. It is part of the
Tofua
Tsunami in coastal regions of Banten and Lampung, Indonesia
sciences portal List of tsunamis affecting Indonesia 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami 2009 Samoa earthquake
2018_Sunda_Strait_tsunami
South Pacific cyclone in 1982
after becoming a tropical cyclone on March 1. Isaac moved through the Haʻapai island group and only 50 km (31 mi) northwest of Tongatapu. On February
Cyclone_Isaac
Island group of Tonga
James Cook had known about the islands a decade earlier, but the people in Haʻapai had told him it would be no good for him to go there; they told him there
Vavaʻu
Active stratovolcano on Sumbawa, Indonesia
000 Mount Pinatubo Philippines 1991 34 6 −0.5 1,202 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai Tonga 2022 58 5–6 ? 6 Sources: Oppenheimer (2003), and Smithsonian Institution's
Mount_Tambora
Sunia Fili Independent ʻEua 11 Fifth Moʻale Finau DPFI Haʻapai 12 First ʻUliti Uata DPFI Haʻapai 13 Eighth Lisiate ʻAkolo Independent Vavaʻu 14 Third Samiu
2010 Tongan Legislative Assembly
2010_Tongan_Legislative_Assembly
38 Vaini 41 Masilanea 42 Masilanea 43 Matangiake 44 Matangiake 50 Ena 60 Haʻapai 70 Neiafu 71 Neiafu 74 Neiafu 79 Neiafu 80 Niuafoʻou 85 Niuatoputapu
Telephone_numbers_in_Tonga
Tongan king (1797–1865)
(later to be George Tupou I, the first King of Tonga) residing in the Haʻapai Islands. The final resolution of this struggle was the Battle of Velata
Laufilitonga
since the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. 2022 Tonga 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami Volcanic-eruption A major eruption of Hunga Tonga
List_of_tsunamis
Nobility of the Kingdom of Tonga
ʻAlipate Mafileʻo of Kolomotuʻa, SA Sipu of Kolomotuʻa, Iki Lolohea of Haʻapai (but later inherited the Fulivai), Tēvita Tapueluelu of Vavaʻu, SF Tafolo
Tongan_nobles
ʻUiha is an island in Lifuka district, in the Haʻapai islands of Tonga. It had a population of 638 in 2006 and an area of 5.36 km2 (2.07 sq mi). The island
ʻUiha
Island in Tonga
Haʻano is an island in the Haʻapai islands of Tonga. To the south are the islands of Foa and Lifuka. The island is 6.58 km2 (2.54 sq mi) in area. It is
Haʻano
Decade of the Gregorian calendar (2020–2029)
23 missing. 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami 15 January 2022 Tonga The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai volcano in the South Pacific erupted
2020s
Prime Minister of Tonga from 1876 to 1879
first Crown Prince and Prime Minister of Tonga. Born in c. 1824 to Tuʻi Haʻapai Tāufaʻāhau and one of his secondary wives, Kalolaine Fusimatalili, of the
Tēvita_ʻUnga
List of volcanic eruptions that might have been recorded during the Holocene
Satellite images of the 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai
List of large Holocene volcanic eruptions
List_of_large_Holocene_volcanic_eruptions
Fangale'ounga is a settlement in Foa island, Tonga. It had a population of 140 in 2016. "TONGA 2016 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING" (PDF). Tonga Statistics
Fangaleʻounga
Airline of Tonga (2004–2007)
in January 2008. Peau Vavaʻu operated scheduled flights to Tongatapu, Haʻapai, and Vavaʻu. The Peau Vavaʻu fleet included the following aircraft: BAe
Peau_Vavaʻu
Island in Tonga
Nukufaiau (also: Fetokobuga, Fetokobunga) is an island in the Haʻapai archipelago that belongs to the Kingdom of Tonga. Among neighboring islands are
Nukufaiau
Tonga international rugby union player
Europe in 2006. He played as a blind-side flanker. Molitika was born in Haʻapai in Tonga and moved to new Zealand as a teenager. After playing rugby at
Maama_Molitika
July 2006); the couple had no children. He became a parliamentarian, the Haʻapai representative of the nobles, but often backing the representatives of
ʻUluvalu
Historical period, 700 BCE to 1200 AD
and Haʻapai, and a few in Vavaʻu and the Niuas that provide insights into old Tongan settlement patterns, diet, economy, and culture. The Haʻapai of three
Early_history_of_Tonga
Place in Haʻapai, Tonga
Muʻomuʻa is a district of Haʻapai division, Tonga. "Tonga 2011 Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved 26 May 2019. "2015 TONGA NATIONALAGRICULTURAL
Muʻomuʻa
Island in Tonga
Telekitonga (also: Telekitinga, Tele-ki-Tongs, Teleki Toga) is an island in the Haʻapai archipelago that belongs to the Kingdom of Tonga. Among neighboring islands
Telekitonga
Earth observation mission
Monday afternoon 20 September 2021 Sentinel-2 image of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai island on 20 December 2021 (the only major subaerial part of the volcano)
Sentinel-2
Island in Tonga
Lekeleka is an island in Lulunga district, in the Haʻapai islands of Tonga. Sailing Directions (enroute) for the Pacific Islands. Defense Mapping Agency
Lekeleka
Airport in Lifuka, Haʻapai, Tonga
Airport (IATA: HPA, ICAO: NFTL), also known as Salote Pilolevu Airport or Haʻapai Airport, is an airport on Lifuka in Tonga. The airport is located 5 km
Lifuka_Island_Airport
Island in Tonga
Nukutula is an island in the Haʻapai Archipelago, belonging to the Kingdom of Tonga. Among neighboring islands are Telekitonga, Kelefesia, Nomuka, Tonumea
Nukutula
Island in Tonga
Fatumanongi is an island in Tonga. It is located within the Ha'apai Group in the centre of the country, to the northeast of the national capital of Nukuʻalofa
Fatumanongi
Tongan athlete
ʻAta Maama Tu’utafaiva (born 25 May 1997 in Haʻafeva) is a Tongan athlete who has represented Tonga at the Commonwealth Games, Pacific Games and Pacific
ʻAta_Maama_Tuutafaiva
The Battle of Velata was fought in Haʻapai, Tonga in September 1826, between Laufilitonga, monarch of the Tuʻi Tonga dynasty, and Taufa'ahau, heir apparent
Battle_of_Velata
Settlement in Foa island, Tonga
Lotofoa is a settlement in Foa island, Tonga. It had a population of 413 in 2016. "TONGA 2016 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING" (PDF). Tonga Statistics
Lotofoa
New Zealand rugby union player
Frank Halai (born 6 March 1988) is a Tongan rugby union player who plays as a winger for the Austin Gilgronis in Major League Rugby (MLR). He previously
Frank_Halai
Rugby player
Ta'ufo'ou Fainga'anuku Born (1972-07-14) 14 July 1972 (age 53) Kiltifo, Haʻapai, Tonga Height 6 ft 2 in (188 cm) Weight 269 lb (122 kg) Notable relative(s)
Taʻu_Faingaʻanuku
Tonga international rugby union player
Ngalu Tau, is a Tongan former international rugby union player. Born in Haʻapai, Tau gained 23 caps as a prop for the national team from 1996 to 2000.
Ngalu_Tau
Polynesian double-hulled voyaging canoe
aboard during a night passage from Tongatapu to Nomuka in the northerly Haʻapai Islands group of Tonga (map). He was skeptical that Hōkūleʻa navigator
Hōkūleʻa
Tonga dual-code rugby international footballer
Hudson Tonga'uiha born as Kosilio Tonga'uiha (born 16 November 1983 in Tofua) is a Tongan rugby footballer. He plays for London Welsh as a centre or fullback
Hudson_Tongaʻuiha
Near-Earth asteroid that fell over Russia in 2013
recording began in 2001 (only since surpassed by the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami), so great that they reverberated around the world
Chelyabinsk_meteor
Tongan rugby union player
Sione Fifita Born (1990-04-17) 17 April 1990 (age 36) Haʻapai, Tonga Height 1.89 m (6 ft 2 in) Weight 105 kg (16 st 7 lb; 231 lb) Rugby union career Position
Sione_Fifita
Comparison of a large range of energies
Estimated energy of the explosion on 15 January 2022 in the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption 4.2×1017 J Yearly electricity consumption of Norway as of 2008
Orders_of_magnitude_(energy)
HAAPAI
HAAPAI
HAAPAI
HAAPAI
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Power of Gold; The Pearl
Girl/Female
German
Hard ruler.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kashmiri
Goodness; Peace Full
Boy/Male
Tamil
Like a rose
Boy/Male
Indian
Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
King of the Mountain; King of Speech
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, English, Latin
Laurel Tree; Sweet Bay Tree Symbolic of Honor and Victory
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord Murugan
Female
Egyptian
, hidden.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Conscious through Divine Knowledge
HAAPAI
HAAPAI
HAAPAI
HAAPAI
HAAPAI