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Group of chemical compounds
Grayanotoxins are a group of closely related neurotoxins named after Leucothoe grayana, a plant native to Japan and named for 19th-century American botanist
Grayanotoxin
Psychoactive type of honey containing grayanotoxins
Mad honey is honey that contains grayanotoxins. The dark, reddish honey is produced from the nectar and pollen of genus Rhododendron and has moderately
Mad_honey
Species of plant
varieties of Rhododendron simsii are poisonous due to the presence of grayanotoxin. The species is common in Hong Kong. It is also distributed in Areas
Rhododendron_simsii
Species of plant
including horses, goats, cattle, deer, monkeys, and humans, due to grayanotoxin and arbutin. The green parts of the plant, flowers, twigs, and pollen
Kalmia_latifolia
Species of plant
numerous small seeds. The nectar is toxic, containing the neurotoxin grayanotoxin; records of poisoning of people eating the honey date to the 4th century
Rhododendron_luteum
Species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae
century. This may be due to the plant containing salicylic acid and grayanotoxins. Walter H. Prest described the plant as having an asparagus-like flavor
Monotropa_uniflora
Tea made from three related plant species
ledol. Moderately narcotic grayanotoxins are also present, but few lethal human cases of poisoning solely due to grayanotoxins have been documented. However
Labrador_tea
Gamma-aminobutyric acid analog
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Gabapentin
Species of insect
medicinal value and intoxicating qualities which are attributed to the grayanotoxin present in the nectar collected from white rhododendrons (Rhododendron
Apis_laboriosa
Chemical compound
the treatment of batrachotoxin poisoning. Veratridine, aconitine and grayanotoxin—like batrachotoxin—are lipid-soluble poisons which similarly alter the
Batrachotoxin
Species of plant
brewed for 5 min of this beverage should be drunk daily due to ledol and grayanotoxin toxicity. This species is not to be confused with the traditionally-used
Rhododendron_tomentosum
Genus of flowering plants
rhododendron are poisonous to grazing animals because of a toxin called grayanotoxin in their pollen and nectar. People have been known to become ill from
Rhododendron
Tropane alkaloid and stimulant drug
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Cocaine
Medication against high blood pressure
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Amlodipine
Plant species in the family
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Peganum_harmala
Species of shrub
ingested in quantity. The poisons produced by rhododendrons are known as grayanotoxins, which are a class of neurotoxins. These neurotoxins work by blocking
Rhododendron_periclymenoides
Species of flowering plant in the heath family
bradycardia in humans. It is known as mad honey due to its toxic diterpenes (grayanotoxins). This poisonous honey plays a significant part in the 2023 film A Haunting
Rhododendron_ponticum
Class of depressant drugs derived from barbituric acid
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Barbiturate
Anticonvulsant medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Lamotrigine
Species of flowering plant
and must be grown in a medium with a low pH. Bog rosemary contains grayanotoxin, which when ingested may cause respiratory problems, dizziness, vomiting
Andromeda_polifolia
Sweet and viscous substance made by bees
California. Mad honey intoxication is a result of eating honey containing grayanotoxins. Honey produced from flowers of rhododendrons, mountain laurels, sheep
Honey
Genus of flowering plants
Many species have the common name doghobble. Leucothoe species contain grayanotoxins, a group of closely related neurotoxins named after Leucothoe grayana
Leucothoe_(plant)
Pharmaceutical compound
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Finasteride/latanoprost/minoxidil
Finasteride/latanoprost/minoxidil
Pharmaceutical compound
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
2C-CN
Calcium channel blocker medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Diltiazem
Medication group
channels. Examples include natural toxins, such as aconitine, veratridine, grayanotoxin, pyrethrin I, batrachotoxin, robustoxin, palytoxins and ciguatoxins.
Sodium_channel_opener
Benzodiazepine medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Lorazepam
Local anesthetic drug
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Procaine
Antihistamine medication
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Diphenhydramine
Transmembrane protein allowing sodium ions in and out
aconitine batrachotoxin brevetoxin ciguatoxin delphinine some grayanotoxins, e.g., grayanotoxin I (other granotoxins inactive, or close, sodium channels)
Sodium_channel
Species of mushroom
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Amanita_muscaria
Tricyclic antidepressant
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Amitriptyline
Psychoactive substance found in plants in the family Apocynaceae
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Ibogaine
Beta blocker drug
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Propranolol
Anticonvulsant medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Pregabalin
Species of flowering plant
The plant is poisonous if consumed. The toxicity is a result of the grayanotoxins contained by the flowers and leaves. If flowers and leaves are ingested
Pieris_japonica
including Rhododendron and heathers (Ericaceae) produce the neurotoxin grayanotoxin. This is toxic to humans but not to bees. Honey from these flowers can
Bees_and_toxic_chemicals
Lyfoline, Lythrine and other sinicuichi alkaloids Monotropa uniflora: Grayanotoxin (also found in Rhododendron pollen and mad honey) Iboga: ibogaine, noribogaine
List of psychoactive plants, fungi, and animals
List_of_psychoactive_plants,_fungi,_and_animals
Subspecies of western honey bee
areas of dense Rhododendron ponticum blooms to purposefully sequester grayanotoxin laden honey called "mad honey." This coveted novelty honey is referred
Caucasian_honey_bee
Analgesic medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Nefopam
Oral cough medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Benzonatate
Chemical compound
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Mefenamic_acid
Species of flowering plant in the nightshade family
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Datura_stramonium
Pharmaceutical compound
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Salvinorin B ethoxymethyl ether
Salvinorin_B_ethoxymethyl_ether
Chemical compound
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Adrenochrome
Purported inhalant drug
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Jenkem
Species of plant
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Hyoscyamus_niger
Chemical compound
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Salvinorin_A
Anti-seizure medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Phenytoin
Genus of poisonous, potentially psychoactive plants
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Datura
Active ingredient in fermented drinks
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Alcohol_(drug)
Clade of insects
as Aesculus californica (California buckeye) and Rhododendron spp. (grayanotoxins) can deter feeding or kill bees. However, some bees are resistant to
Bee
Medication for motion sickness or vertigo
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Cyclizine
Medication used to treat ADHD
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Atomoxetine
Naturally occurring glutamate receptor agonist neurotoxin
by 1979. Ibotenic acid was found to be sold online in 2023. Conotoxin Grayanotoxin Quisqualic acid Tetrodotoxin Michelot D, Melendez-Howell LM (February
Ibotenic_acid
Tropane alkaloid & anticholinergic drug
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Scopolamine
Military incapacitating agent
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
3-Quinuclidinyl_benzilate
Dissociative anesthetic and anti-depressant
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Ketamine
Opioid used to treat pain and opioid use disorder
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Buprenorphine
Sedating antihistamine
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Promethazine
Antispasmodic agent
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Dicycloverine
Local anesthetic
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Lidocaine
Typical antipsychotic medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Haloperidol
Illness from eating spoiled or contaminated food
by bacterial action.[citation needed] Alkaloids Ciguatera poisoning Grayanotoxin (honey intoxication) Hormones from the thyroid glands of slaughtered
Foodborne_illness
Antibiotic medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Clarithromycin
Vedic ritual drink
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Soma_(drink)
Non-opioid analgesic drug
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Suzetrigine
Toxic plant alkaloid
alpha subunit (the same site bound by batrachotoxin, veratridine, and grayanotoxin). This binding results in a sodium-ion channel that stays open longer
Aconitine
Class of drugs
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Hallucinogen
Drug that binds to but does not activate muscarinic cholinergic receptors
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Muscarinic_antagonist
Species of fungus
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Lanmaoa_asiatica
Antibiotic medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Erythromycin
Genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Brugmansia
Species of plant
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Kava
Anticonvulsant medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Carbamazepine
Antiarrhythmic medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Amiodarone
Species of plant
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Tabernanthe_iboga
Calcium channel blocker medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Verapamil
Pair of enantiomers
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Mexiletine
Sedating antidepressant
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Doxepin
Medication used to treat hair loss
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Minoxidil
Drug used to treat angina
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Ranolazine
First-generation antihistamine used as a short-term sedative and hypnotic (sleep aid)
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Doxylamine
Withdrawn opioid medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Dextropropoxyphene
Opioid analgesic
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Nalbuphine
Antidepressant
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Clomipramine
Typical antipsychotic medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Chlorpromazine
Opioid analgesic
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Butorphanol
Class of psychoactive drugs
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Deliriant
Medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Etripamil
Steroidal alkaloid found in plants of the lily family
sodium channels (the same site bound by batrachotoxin, aconitine, and grayanotoxin), leading to persistent activation. Veratridine inhibits sodium channel
Veratridine
Genus of flowering plants in the heath family Ericaceae
which splits to release the numerous small seeds. The foliage contains grayanotoxins, a group of closely related neurotoxins named after Leucothoe grayana
Kalmia
1987 studio album by Wire
Honey" refers to mad honey, honey produced by bees using pollen from grayanotoxin-containing plants, particularly Rhododendron, produced traditionally
The_Ideal_Copy
Antihistamine used to treat allergies
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Chlorphenamine
Paralyzing neurotoxic peptide
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Poneratoxin
Calcium channel blocker medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Nifedipine
Deadly nightshade, a flowering plant
soup") Jenkem Kykeon (Eleusinian Mysteries) Mad honey (Rhododendron; grayanotoxins) Nutmeg (e.g., myristicin, elemicin) Soma (haoma) See also: Psychedelics
Atropa_bella-donna
Local anaesthetic drug
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Benzocaine
Anticonvulsant medication
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Eslicarbazepine_acetate
Opioid analgesic
Atracotoxins (ω-Atracotoxin, Robustoxin, Versutoxin) Batrachotoxin Ciguatoxins Grayanotoxins Poneratoxin ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel Blockers Amiloride
Pethidine
GRAYANOTOXIN
GRAYANOTOXIN
GRAYANOTOXIN
GRAYANOTOXIN
Girl/Female
Muslim
Sacrificing
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Esteemed precious, cherished
Boy/Male
Arabic
Morning; Bright
Girl/Female
British, English, Latin
Female Version of Paul; Little; Small
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Stranger; Foreigner
Girl/Female
Arabic
So Beautiful
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Servant of the Giver
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Marathi
Purification; To Satisfy; Complete
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Sindhi, Telugu
A Raga
Female
English
Feminine form of English Philip, PHILIPPA means "lover of horses."
GRAYANOTOXIN
GRAYANOTOXIN
GRAYANOTOXIN
GRAYANOTOXIN
GRAYANOTOXIN