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The South African financial rand was the most visible part of a system of capital controls. Although the financial rand was abolished in March 1995, some
Financial_rand
Currency of South Africa
The South African rand, or simply the rand, (sign: R; code: ZAR) is the official currency of South Africa. It is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: "c")
South_African_rand
South African financial service provider
FirstRand Limited, also referred to as FirstRand Group, is the holding company of FirstRand Bank, and is a financial services provider in South Africa
FirstRand
American global policy think tank
The RAND Corporation, doing business as RAND, is an American nonprofit global policy think tank, research institute, and public sector consulting firm
RAND_Corporation
Russian-American writer (1905–1982)
S. January 20], 1905 – March 6, 1982), better known by her pen name Ayn Rand (/aɪn/ ), was a Russian-American writer and philosopher. She is known for
Ayn_Rand
American industrial company
Ingersoll Rand Inc. is an American multinational company that provides industrial products. The company was formed in February 2020 through the spinoff
Ingersoll_Rand
Standard defining codes for currencies
Banks portal ISO 9362 – SWIFT business identifier coding standard SWIFT – Financial telecommunication network Currency symbol – Symbol used to represent a
ISO_4217
American politician (born 1963)
Randal Howard Paul (born January 7, 1963) is an American politician serving as the junior United States senator from Kentucky since 2011. A member of the
Rand_Paul
Commercial bank in South Africa
division of FirstRand, a large, publicly-traded financial services conglomerate. FNB is one of the three major divisions of the FirstRand Group, with the
First National Bank (South Africa)
First_National_Bank_(South_Africa)
Irish-domiciled holding company
was acquired by Ingersoll Rand, a US industrial tools manufacturer. In 2020, the tools business was spun off as Ingersoll Rand and the remaining company
Trane_Technologies
Multinational financial services company
Rand Merchant Investment Holdings (also referred to as RMI Holdings) is a listed South African financial services investment holding company that holds
Rand Merchant Investment Holdings
Rand_Merchant_Investment_Holdings
Private graduate school in Santa Monica, California
The RAND School of Public Policy (formerly the Frederick S. Pardee RAND Graduate School) is a private graduate school associated with the RAND Corporation
RAND_School_of_Public_Policy
South African-based financial services group
Limited). In 1998, the Momentum Group became part of First Rand after the merger of the financial services interests of Anglo American Corporation of South
Discovery_Limited
British humanist (1948–2023)
Randal Hume Keynes, OBE, FLS (/ˈkeɪnz/ KAYNZ; 29 July 1948 – 3 March 2023) was a British conservationist, author, and great-great-grandson of Charles Darwin
Randal_Keynes
Philosophical system developed by Ayn Rand
system named and developed by Russian-American writer and philosopher Ayn Rand. She described it as "the concept of man as a heroic being, with his own
Objectivism
South African gold coin
minted on 3 July 1967 to help market South African gold and produced by Rand Refinery and the South African Mint. The name is a compound of Paul Kruger
Krugerrand
1957 novel by Ayn Rand
Atlas Shrugged is a 1957 novel by Ayn Rand. It is her longest novel, the fourth and final one published during her lifetime, and the one she considered
Atlas_Shrugged
only remove investments via the financial rand, which is traded at a 20% to 40% discount compared to the commercial rand. This means companies that disinvest
International sanctions during apartheid
International_sanctions_during_apartheid
American business executive (born 1948)
the Ideas Behind Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged, published in 2011. In September 2012, Allison released his own book, The Financial Crisis and the Free Market
John_A._Allison_IV
American private equity investor and attorney (born 1957)
Randal Keith Quarles (born September 1957) is an American private equity investor and attorney who served as the first Vice Chair for Supervision of the
Randal_Quarles
Storage company in Switzerland
Holding AG: Financial Results 2025". Retrieved 2026-06-21. Rand's New York City Business Directory. W. Heugh & Company. 1918. "James Henry Rand Dead At 81"
Kardex_Group
Fictional character in Star Trek
Janice Rand is a fictional character in the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Original Series during its first season, as well
Janice_Rand
1943 novel by Ayn Rand
The Fountainhead is a 1943 novel by Russian-born American author Ayn Rand, her first major literary success. The novel's protagonist, Howard Roark, is
The_Fountainhead
Bank of Namibia
happened in 2003. The First Rand Group was established in 1998, by the merger of First National Bank of South Africa, Rand Merchant Bank and Momentum Insurance
First_National_Bank_(Namibia)
South African corporation
diversified financial services holding company. RMH is listed on the JSE, and is headquartered in Sandton, South Africa. RMH traces its roots from Rand Consolidated
RMB_Holdings
US-based health care study in 1974-1982
The RAND Health Insurance Experiment (RAND HIE) was an experimental study from 1974 to 1982 of health care costs, utilization and outcomes in the United
RAND Health Insurance Experiment
RAND_Health_Insurance_Experiment
American-based non-profit organization
was convinced to found the Ayn Rand Institute after businessman Ed Snider organized a meeting of possible financial supporters in New York in the fall
Ayn_Rand_Institute
American financial services company
Synchrony Financial is an American consumer financial services company with its headquarters in Draper, Utah, United States. The company offers consumer
Synchrony_Financial
American financial services company
Financial, Inc. is an American diversified financial services company and bank holding company based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. It provides financial
Ameriprise_Financial
Generic term for all markets in which trading takes place with capital
A financial market is any marketplace where the pricing and trade of securities, commodities, currency, derivatives, or other financial products takes
Financial_market
American financial services company
Ally Financial Inc. (known as GMAC until 2010) is an American bank holding company incorporated in Delaware and headquartered at Ally Detroit Center in
Ally_Financial
American classical and medieval scholar (1871–1945)
Edward Kennard Rand FBA (December 20, 1871 – October 28, 1945), also known as EKR, was an American classicist and medievalist. He served as the Pope Professor
Edward_Kennard_Rand
American economist
from UCLA. After graduation, in 1956 Sharpe joined the RAND Corporation. While doing research at RAND, he also started work for a Ph.D. at UCLA under the
William_F._Sharpe
Rand Paul is a member of the Republican Party, a U.S. Senator representing the state of Kentucky since 2011, and a former candidate for president of the
Political positions of Rand Paul
Political_positions_of_Rand_Paul
Title changes
merged its financial services interests with RMBH in order to achieve the objective of a unified financial services grouping known as First Rand. The transaction
Momentum_Group_Limited
South African newspaper
The Rand Daily Mail was a South African newspaper published from 1902 until it was controversially closed in 1985 after adopting an outspoken anti-apartheid
The_Rand_Daily_Mail
Building in Minneapolis, Minnesota, US
The Rand Tower Hotel is an aviation-inspired Art Deco building located in downtown Minneapolis’s financial district. Completed in 1929, it briefly was
Rand_Tower_Hotel
Philosophical interactions
Although Ayn Rand opposed libertarianism, which she viewed as anti-capitalist, her philosophy of Objectivism has been, and continues to be, a major influence
Objectivism and libertarianism
Objectivism_and_libertarianism
Financial market
Limited, the Johannesburg-based exchange. It consists of two divisions; a financial markets division for trading of equity derivatives and an agricultural
South African Futures Exchange
South_African_Futures_Exchange
1922 fiction book by Garet Garrett
argued Raimondo's "claims that Rand plagiarized...The Driver" to be "unsupported", and Stephan Kinsella doubts that Rand was in any way influenced by Garrett
The_Driver_(novel)
American businessman (born 1990)
John Randal Tyson (born March 9, 1990) is an American businessman who was appointed to the Tyson Foods (NYSE:TSN) Board of Directors in May 2025. He previously
John_R._Tyson_(businessman)
Series of mainframe computer models
Remington Rand company (Engineering Research Associates and the Norwalk Laboratory of Remington Rand). After the merger of Remington Rand with the Sperry
UNIVAC
Economic boycott against apartheid South Africa
only remove investments via the financial rand, which is traded at a 20% to 40% discount compared to the commercial rand. This means companies that disinvest
Disinvestment from South Africa
Disinvestment_from_South_Africa
Topics referred to by the same term
in Sri Lanka ZAL, the ISO 4217 currency code for the South African financial rand Yeshivah Gedolah Zal, The Rabbinical College of Australia and New Zealand
Zal_(disambiguation)
American life insurance company
Prudential Financial, Inc. is an American financial services company whose subsidiaries provide insurance, retirement planning, investment management,
Prudential_Financial
American investment company
investment portfolios for many major financial institutions and its BlackRock Solutions division provides financial risk management services. As of 2025
BlackRock
American philosopher
Rose Rand (born Rozalia Rand, Austrian German: [rand]; June 14, 1903 – July 28, 1980) was an Austrian-American logician and philosopher. She was a member
Rose_Rand
Person who allocates capital with the expectation of a financial return
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest)
Investor
Possession of and Operate Part of the Plant and Facilities of Remington Rand, Inc., in the Town of Southport, County of Chemung, State of New York 1943-11-25
List of executive actions by Franklin D. Roosevelt
List_of_executive_actions_by_Franklin_D._Roosevelt
Israeli-American Objectivist
Israeli-American Objectivist writer who is the current chairman of the board at the Ayn Rand Institute (ARI), where he was executive director from 2000 to 2017. Prior
Yaron_Brook
American bank holding company
Capital One Financial Corporation is an American bank holding company headquartered in Tysons, Virginia, with operations in the United States, Canada
Capital_One
American corporate services company
Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. is a public corporate services and financial technology company. Headquartered in Lake Success, New York, the company
Broadridge Financial Solutions
Broadridge_Financial_Solutions
American economist (1926–2026)
and Objectivist philosopher Ayn Rand. Greenspan was introduced to Rand by his first wife, the painter Joan Mitchell. Rand nicknamed Greenspan "the undertaker"
Alan_Greenspan
February 27, 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2020. "Gardner Denver and Ingersoll Rand Industrial Segment Finalize Merger to Form a Global Leader in Mission-Critical
List_of_S&P_500_companies
Canadian educator and poet (1835–1900)
Rand (8 February 1835 – 29 May 1900) was a Canadian educator and poet. He was born 8 February 1835 in Canard, Nova Scotia, to Thomas Woodworth Rand,
Theodore_Harding_Rand
Classification of U.S. cities
The Ranally city rating system is a tool developed by Rand McNally & Co. to classify U.S. cities based on their economic function. The system is designed
Ranally_city_rating_system
Eastern U.S. bank
Citizens Financial Group, Inc. is an American bank holding company, headquartered in Providence, Rhode Island. The company owns the bank Citizens Bank
Citizens_Financial_Group
Major bank based in Pittsburgh
The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. is an American bank holding company and financial services corporation based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Its banking
PNC_Financial_Services
Canadian-American psychotherapist (1930–2014)
romantic partner of Ayn Rand, Branden also played a prominent role in the 1960s in promoting Rand's philosophy, Objectivism. Rand and Branden split acrimoniously
Nathaniel_Branden
Salafi jihadist militant organisation
reports, seemingly in a bid to encourage potential donors. In 2014, the RAND Corporation analysed IS's funding sources from documents captured between
Islamic_State
Financial infrastructure group
Group (for Continuous Linked Settlement), or simply CLS, is a specialized financial market infrastructure group whose main entity is the New York–based CLS
CLS_Group
Movement of individuals who seek to study and advance Objectivism
novelist-philosopher Ayn Rand. The movement began informally in the 1950s and consisted of students who were brought together by their mutual interest in Rand's novel The
Objectivist_movement
American global financial investment management and insurance company
Principal Financial Group, Inc. (PFG) is an American global financial investment management and insurance company headquartered in Des Moines, Iowa, United
Principal_Financial_Group
South African businessperson
millionaire, businessman, investor, and banker who was the Chairman of FirstRand Financial Group. He is also well known for his philanthropic activities and runs
Lauritz_Dippenaar
Country in Southern Africa
Corporation (SABC) Companies of South Africa Currency of South Africa: Rand Financial rand (abolished) ISO 4217: ZAR Economic history of South Africa Energy
Outline_of_South_Africa
2025). "Rand Paul leaves door open for White House run". spectrumnews1.com. Retrieved March 27, 2026. Kerr, Nicholas (December 21, 2025). "Rand Paul says
2028 United States presidential election
2028_United_States_presidential_election
American insurance company
Cincinnati Financial Corporation offers property and casualty insurance, its main business, through The Cincinnati Insurance Company, The Cincinnati Indemnity
Cincinnati_Financial
Banking company in the U.S.
Truist Financial Corporation (/ˈtruːɪst/) is an American bank holding company headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. The company was formed in December
Truist
politician and businessman David A Ramey (1939–2017), American artist David G. Rand, American professor David Randall (1951–2021), British journalist David A
List of people with given name David
List_of_people_with_given_name_David
President of the United States from 2001 to 2009
in Iraq. As his presidency came to a close, the country experienced a financial crisis, resulting in the Great Recession, prompting his administration
George_W._Bush
School in New York City, United States (1906–1935)
The Rand School of Social Science was formed in 1906 in New York City by adherents of the Socialist Party of America. The school aimed to provide a broad
Rand_School_of_Social_Science
English actor (born 1945)
She also earned Emmy Awards for portraying Ayn Rand in the Showtime television film The Passion of Ayn Rand (1999) and Queen Elizabeth I in the HBO miniseries
Helen_Mirren
American investment management firm
$17 billion ($75 per share) management buyout of the company with the financial backing of investment bank Shearson Lehman Hutton and its parent company
KKR_&_Co.
Businessman and public official (born 1971)
2025) for his 7-percent share. In 1999, Musk co-founded X.com, an online financial services and e-mail payment company. The startup was one of the first
Elon_Musk
Scottish-American financial journalist (1880–1954)
the Rand Daily Mail under its first editor, Edgar Wallace. In 1904, he immigrated to New York City where he was employed as a writer and financial editor
B._C._Forbes
Country in West Asia
"Formal Structures of the Islamic Republic". Mullahs, Guards, and Bonyads. RAND Corporation. pp. 21–36. ISBN 978-0-8330-4773-1. JSTOR 10.7249/mg878osd.10
Iran
American businessman (born 1975)
supporter of Ayn Rand's philosophy of Objectivism. His brother Stephen died at the age of 19. He is a frequent commentator in the financial press, and has
Jonathan_Hoenig
South African businessman and educator
executive, educator, and chartered accountant who was the former CEO of FirstRand Bank. Nxasana obtained a BCom Accounting degree from the University of Fort
Sizwe_Nxasana
Norwegian professor of climate strategy (born 1945)
Jørgen Randers (born 22 May 1945) is a Norwegian academic, professor emeritus of climate strategy at the BI Norwegian Business School, and practitioner
Jørgen_Randers
South African water utility supplying the Gauteng province
Rand Water (previously known as the Rand Water Board) is a South African water utility that supplies potable water to the Gauteng province and other areas
Rand_Water
American businessman (born 1962)
bidding. Some sources say these policies were based upon the ideas of Ayn Rand. It is generally agreed that they failed to slow Sears' decline. In July
Eddie_Lampert
US-based financial services company
Robinhood Markets, Inc. is an American financial services company based in Menlo Park, California. It provides an electronic trading platform that facilitates
Robinhood_Markets
70th 0 1 Alaska: Spirit of the Wild 1997 70th 0 1 Amazon 1997 70th 0 1 Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life 1996 70th 0 1 Beyond Silence 1996 70th 0 1 Colors Straight
List of Academy Award–nominated films
List_of_Academy_Award–nominated_films
American multinational food conglomerate
in ultra-processed foods and industrial use. Cargill also has a large financial services arm that manages risks in the commodity markets for the company
Cargill
American multinational independent investment bank and financial services company
Raymond James Financial, Inc. is an American multinational independent investment bank and financial services company providing financial services to individuals
Raymond_James_Financial
History
pursued major expansions in 1996 and 1997, purchasing Ringier America and Rand McNally's Book Services Group.) Quebecor entered a difficult period in the
Quebecor_World
American basketball player (1934–2014)
from basketball, he worked as a stockbroker with Rand Financial Advisors. Rand was named Lynwood Terry Rand after Detroit Tigers pitcher Lynwood "Schoolboy"
Terry_Rand
South African banking conglomerate
Barclays Africa Group Limited until 2018), is a multinational banking and financial services conglomerate based in Johannesburg, South Africa and listed on
Absa_Group
Province of South Africa
East Rand (governed by the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality), Central Rand (approximately today's Johannesburg Municipality) and West Rand. The climate
Gauteng
2024 film by J.J. Perry
2024 American action thriller film directed by J. J. Perry and written by Rand Ravich and James Coyne, based on the 1997 novel of the same name by Jay Bonansinga
The_Killer's_Game
Harvey as Morgan; Carl Kraines as Jude Porter; Mike Moroff as Sam Porter; Randal Patrick as Charlie Cooper Jr. 82 23 "Bad Day in Hazzard" Gabrielle Beaumont
List of The Dukes of Hazzard episodes
List_of_The_Dukes_of_Hazzard_episodes
American businessman (born 1942)
He is a former director of Heinz, Mondelēz International, and Ingersoll Rand and a former CEO of Triangle Industries. Peltz was born to a Jewish family
Nelson_Peltz
strange attractors in dynamical systems, such as weather systems; David Rand of the University of Warwick, and period-doubling bifurcation, discovered
List_of_Equinox_episodes
Logistics company in Washington, US
PayPal PNC Financial Services Principal Financial Group Progressive Corporation Prudential Financial Raymond James Financial Regions Financial Corporation
Expeditors_International
1949 film
the bestselling 1943 novel of the same name by Ayn Rand, who also wrote the adaptation. Although Rand's screenplay was used with minimal alterations, she
The_Fountainhead_(film)
American energy technology company
the merger of GE Power, GE Renewable Energy, GE Digital, and GE Energy Financial Services. The remaining aviation business became GE Aerospace. GE Vernova
GE_Vernova
South African businesswoman (born 1977)
accountant who has been chief executive officer of FirstRand since April 2024. Before joining FirstRand as chief operating officer in 2018, she was deputy
Mary_Vilakazi
1934 play by Ayn Rand
being accused of involvement in potentially illegal financial deals. The incident inspired Rand to make the victim a businessman of great ambition and
Night_of_January_16th
French footballer (born 1998)
France to advance to the knockout stages. In the semi-finals, he set-up Randal Kolo Muani's opening goal in an eventual 2–1 defeat to Spain. Following
Kylian_Mbappé
American subsidiary of automaker Stellantis
emissions. As the smallest of the Big 3 US automakers, Chrysler lacked the financial resources to meet all of these challenges. 1975 would be the last year
Chrysler
FINANCIAL RAND
FINANCIAL RAND
Surname or Lastname
English (Yorkshire)
English (Yorkshire) : patronymic from the personal name Randel (see Randall).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Rand 1, from the Old French oblique case.
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : classicized spelling of Randolf, a Germanic personal name composed of the elements rand ‘rim’ (of a shield), ‘shield’ + wolf ‘wolf’. This was introduced into England by Scandinavian settlers in the Old Norse form Rannúlfr, and was reinforced after the Norman Conquest by the Norman form Randolf.An American family bearing the surname Randolph are descended from William Randolph (?1651–1711), a planter and merchant, a member of a family that originally came from Sussex, England, who emigrated from Warwickshire to VA c.1673. He was a forebear of Thomas Jefferson and Robert E. Lee. Randolph had seven sons, each of whom inherited an estate, the name of which was sometimes added to their own, such as Sir John Randolph of Tazewell. His great-grandsons included Edmund Randolph (1753–1813), first attorney general of the U.S. and one of the framers of the U.S. Constitution, and the diplomat and statesman John Randolph of Roanoke (1773–1833), who served as U.S. minister to Russia.
Female
English
Pet form of English Miranda, RANDY means "worthy of admiration."Â Compare with masculine Randy.Â
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Randall. In Ireland, says MacLysaght, this is sometimes a variant of Reynolds.
Boy/Male
English
Variants of Randolph 'Wolf's shield.' Surname.
Boy/Male
English American
Variants of Randolph 'Wolf's shield.' Surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Middle English personal name Randel, a diminutive of Rand with the Anglo-Norman French hypocoristic suffix -el.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Middle English personal name Rand(e), a short form of any of the various Germanic compound personal names with the first element rand ‘(shield) rim’, as for example Randolph.English : topographic name for someone who lived on the margin of a settlement or on the bank of a river (from Old English rand ‘rim’, used in a topographical sense), or a habitational name from a place named with this word, as for example Rand in Lincolnshire and Rand Grange in North Yorkshire.German : from a short form of any of the various compound names formed with rand- ‘rim’. Compare 1.German : topographic name from Middle High German, Middle Low German rand, rant ‘edge’, ‘rim’.
Boy/Male
English
Variants of Randolph 'Wolf's shield.' Surname.
Boy/Male
American, British, English, German
Wolf's Shield; Variants of Randolph; Surname
Boy/Male
American, British, Christian, English, German, Hindu, Indian, Irish, Teutonic
Shield Wolf; Variant of Randolph; Victorious
Boy/Male
English
Son of Rand.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a nickname for a showy dresser, from Middle English pe ‘peacock’ (see Peacock) + body ‘body’, ‘person’.The prominent financier and philanthropist George Peabody was born 1795 in South Danvers, now Peabody, MA. His first ancestor in America was Francis Peabody, who emigrated from England in 1635 and settled at Topsfield, MA.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Randall.German : variant spelling of German Randel.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Randall.Americanized spelling of Randel.
Boy/Male
English American
Variants of Randolph 'Wolf's shield.' Surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Rand 1.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Randall.
Surname or Lastname
English (Bristol, Gwent)
English (Bristol, Gwent) : from Middle English tresor ‘treasure’, ‘wealth’, ‘riches’ (Old French trésor, from Latin thesaurus ‘hoard’), hence a metonymic occupational name for a treasurer or person in charge of financial administration, or an affectionate nickname for a loved or valued person.
FINANCIAL RAND
FINANCIAL RAND
Surname or Lastname
English (especially southeastern)
English (especially southeastern) : variant spelling of Petit.
Girl/Female
Indian
Goddess
Girl/Female
Hindu
Related to shy
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Owner of Brindled Cows
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, German, Greek, Netherlands, Scandinavian, Slavic, Swedish, Swiss
Wisdom; Wise; Skill
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Telugu
Worshipped
Boy/Male
Tamil
Male
Egyptian
, Teos.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant spelling of Atherton.
Girl/Female
Anglo, Australian, British, English, Finnish, Greek, Latin
Young Girls who Assisted at Pagan Religious Ceremonies; Hard Worker; Bee Honey
FINANCIAL RAND
FINANCIAL RAND
FINANCIAL RAND
FINANCIAL RAND
FINANCIAL RAND
n.
One skilled in financial operations; one acquainted with money matters.
adv.
In a dfinancial manner.
a.
Such as can be lent; available for lending; as, loanable funds; -- used mostly in financial business and writings.
v. i.
To conduct financial operations.
imp. & p. p.
of Financier
v. t.
Ruined financially; incapable of redeeming promises made, or of paying debts incurred; as, a broken bank; a broken tradesman.
adv. & a.
In arrears financially; in a state where expenditures have exceeded the receipt of funds.
a.
Pertaining to finance.
a.
To improve the condition of, morally, physically, financially, socially, or otherwise.
n.
Financial dealings; buying and selling; traffic in general; mercantile transactions.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Financier
a.
Able to respond or answer for one's conduct and obligations; trustworthy, financially or otherwise; as, to have a responsible man for surety.
n.
Embarrassment of affairs, especially financial affairs; -- usually in the plural; as, to be in difficulties.
a.
By extension: A sudden widespread fright or apprehension concerning financial affairs.
v. t.
To make bankrupt; to bring financial ruin upon; to impoverish.
n.
A financier.
n.
One charged with the administration of finance; an officer who administers the public revenue; a treasurer.
n.
The infliction of evil; a sudden calamity; something which produces mental, physical, or financial suffering or loss (esp. when sudden); a buffet.
v. t.
To destroy the financial credit of; to make bankrupt; to ruin.
v. t.
To deprive of strength, activity, or capability for service or use; to disable; to deprive of resources; as, to be financially crippled.