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Fleet of truck-mounted weather radars
Doppler on Wheels (DOW) is a fleet of quickly deployable truck-mounted weather radars managed by FARM (Flexible Array of Radars and Mesonets), an American
Doppler_on_Wheels
List of world records related to tornadoes
The EF4 Jiangsu tornado on June 23, 2016, also had a peak width of 4.1 km wide (2.55 miles). On May 3, 1999, a Doppler On Wheels (DOW) mobile radar observed
Tornado_records
storms when ground-based radar cannot. Between 1994-1995, the initial Doppler on Wheels (DOW) was constructed and was deployed for the first time at the end
Mobile radar observation of tornadoes
Mobile_radar_observation_of_tornadoes
American meteorologist (born 1960)
American atmospheric scientist and inventor known for creating the Doppler on Wheels and pioneering tornado, tropical cyclone, and weather radar research
Joshua_Wurman
American meteorologist
Facility), a research team which manages the Doppler on Wheels mobile radar fleet used to gather data on tornadoes and other severe weather. Kosiba received
Karen_Kosiba
2024 EF4 tornado in Iowa, U.S.
statement concerning preliminary peak wind speed determinations based on Doppler On Wheels (DOW) data obtained in the Greenfield, Iowa tornado of 21 May 2024"
Greenfield_tornado
2013 EF3 tornado in Oklahoma, U.S.
Reed Timmer, either were injured or had their vehicles damaged. A Doppler on Wheels-based analysis of how the tornado impacted these teams revealed that
2013_El_Reno_tornado
American documentary television series
Joshua Wurman, a renowned atmospheric scientist and creator of the Doppler On Wheels (DOW), teamed with documentary IMAX filmmaker Sean Casey. Wurman's
Storm_Chasers_(TV_series)
F5 tornado in Oklahoma, U.S.
tornado wind speed ever recorded by doppler weather radar—321 miles per hour (517 km/h), measured by a Doppler on Wheels (DoW). One of the strongest tornadoes
1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado
1999_Bridge_Creek–Moore_tornado
1998 F4 tornado in South Dakota
consistent with a rating of F4 on the Fujita Scale, with winds ranging from 207–260 mph (333–418 km/h). A nearby Doppler on Wheels (DOW) mobile radar truck
1998_Spencer_tornado
Field experiments that study tornadoes
deployed 50 vehicles customized with mobile radar, including the Doppler On Wheels (DOW) radars, SMART radars, the NOXP radar, a fleet of instrumented
VORTEX_projects
Tornado outbreak in May 1999
City. As it passed over Bridge Creek, around 6:54 p.m., a Doppler On Wheels mobile Doppler weather radar detected wind speeds of 302 mph (486 km/h) –
1999 Great Plains tornado outbreak
1999_Great_Plains_tornado_outbreak
Violently rotating column of air
Wurman, Joshua (29 August 2008). "Doppler on Wheels". Center for Severe Weather Research. Archived from the original on 5 February 2007. Retrieved 13 December
Tornado
Rate at which air moves from high- to low-pressure areas
the instruments. A method of estimating speed is to use Doppler on Wheels or mobile Doppler weather radars to measure the wind speeds remotely. Using
Wind_speed
Oklahoma had chased the storm on a Doppler on Wheels (or DOW), which scans storms while attached to a car. Doppler on Wheels data from the nearby storm revealed
Tornadoes in the United States
Tornadoes_in_the_United_States
(298 km/h). On the day of the tornado, the Doppler on Wheels (DOW) team made a very preliminary analysis, suggesting a Doppler on Wheels measured winds
Disagreements on the intensity of tornadoes
Disagreements_on_the_intensity_of_tornadoes
Underground. Center for Severe Weather Research (2006). "Doppler On Wheels". Archived from the original on 5 February 2007. Retrieved 18 February 2007. Lyza
List_of_weather_records
Weather radar
mobile radar projects, such as Doppler on Wheels and SMART-R. Unlike its counterparts, RaXPol typically places emphasis on temporal resolution, and as such
RaXPol
from Harlan, IA tornado on Friday (26 April 2024)" (Post on 𝕏). 𝕏 (Formerly Twitter). University of Illinois: Doppler on Wheels. 28 April 2024. Retrieved
Tornadoes_of_2024
Weather radar signature indicating tornadic circulation in a supercell thunderstorm
developed the first hypothesis on the formation of hook echoes in 1962. Fulks analyzed wind velocity data from Doppler weather radar units which were
Hook_echo
April 2024 United States tornado outbreak and flood
large tornado near Harlan, Iowa, causing widespread destruction. A Doppler on Wheels (DOW) mobile radar truck measured 1-second wind speeds of approximately
Tornado outbreak of April 25–28, 2024
Tornado_outbreak_of_April_25–28,_2024
2024 tornado outbreak in the Central United States
the road. At least 35 people sustained injuries to some degree. A Doppler on Wheels measured 309–318 mph (497–512 km/h) winds in a small area between
Tornado outbreak of May 19–22, 2024
Tornado_outbreak_of_May_19–22,_2024
Vehicle used to film a tornado
with meteorological instrumentation atop masts to complement the Doppler on Wheels (DOW) radar trucks of the Center for Severe Weather Research run by
Tornado_Intercept_Vehicle
2024 tornado in Iowa, U.S.
observed by Doppler on Wheels. The tornado became then rain-wrapped as it missed Defiance before dissipating north of the town after being on the ground
2024_Minden–Harlan_tornado
the NEXRAD network as a whole. One such concept later went on to become the Doppler On Wheels, now a fleet of 3 operational vehicles. In order to counteract
SMART-R
F4 tornado in Mulhall, Oklahoma
have been of F5 intensity on the level of the Bridge Creek–Moore tornado that had just occurred to the south. A Doppler On Wheels (DOW) mobile radar that
1999_Mulhall_tornado
American IMAX filmmaker and storm chaser
scientist Joshua Wurman's Center for Severe Weather Research and the Doppler on Wheels radar trucks (DOW 2-DOW 7). He also made the Subanator (also known
Sean_Casey_(filmmaker)
EF2 tornado in 2009
and several minutes later convergence lines were also detected. A Doppler on Wheels observed the entire lifecycle of the tornado in Goshen County, Wyoming
2009_Goshen_County_tornado
assessments". On May 21, 2024, a violent EF4 tornado struck the town of Greenfield, Iowa. As the tornado moved through the town, a Doppler on Wheels measured
History_of_tornado_research
Topics referred to by the same term
Doppler on wheels (DOW) Doppler spectroscopy Doppler velocity sensor Laser Doppler velocimetry Laser Doppler vibrometer Photoacoustic Doppler effect Photon
Doppler_(disambiguation)
Type of radar equipment
A Doppler radar is a specialized radar that uses the Doppler effect to produce velocity data about objects at a distance. It does this by bouncing a microwave
Doppler_radar
List of tornadoes in the highest tornado intensity scales
statement concerning preliminary peak wind speed determinations based on Doppler On Wheels (DOW) data obtained in the Greenfield, Iowa tornado of 21 May 2024"
List of F5, EF5, and IF5 tornadoes
List_of_F5,_EF5,_and_IF5_tornadoes
Center of a tropical cyclone
United States, South Korea, and a few other countries, a network of NEXRAD Doppler weather radar stations can detect eyes near the coast. Weather satellites
Eye_(cyclone)
Storm characterized by lightning
Retrieved 8 September 2006. "Doppler On Wheels". Center for Severe Weather Research. 2006. Archived from the original on 5 February 2007. Retrieved 29
Thunderstorm
Topics referred to by the same term
a marine term Died of wounds, a military casualty classification Doppler on Wheels, devices used for meteorological research Dow Tennis Classic, an ITF
Dow
Vehicle (or TIV), the Scout (a modified 1993 Nissan Pathfinder), and a Doppler on Wheels (or DOW). Team members for the 2007 season included Herb Stein (DOW
List of Storm Chasers episodes
List_of_Storm_Chasers_episodes
Pursuit of severe weather conditions
radars have been found to interfere with research radars, such as the Doppler on Wheels (DOW) utilized in field projects. The first personal lightning detection
Storm_chasing
Motor vehicle
WorkStar's chassis can be ordered to mount road-rail pilot wheels, which let the truck run directly on the tracks. Racks can be mounted outside and above the
International_WorkStar
Thunderstorm that is characterized by the presence of a mesocyclone
ISBN 978-1-879362-01-7. "Doppler On Wheels - Center for Severe Weather Research". cswr.org. Archived from the original on 5 February 2007. Retrieved
Supercell
diameter)". Arizona State University. United Nations. Archived from the original on 8 August 2024. Retrieved 8 August 2024. Wurman, Joshua; C. Alexander; P. Robinson;
List_of_tornadoes_by_width
Lack of EF5 tornadoes in the U.S. (2013–2025)
less than a month later also attracted significant controversy. A Doppler on Wheels truck determined that wind speeds in excess of 300 miles per hour
EF5_drought
Unincorporated community in Pennsylvania, US
Joshua Wurman (born 1960) – atmospheric scientist and inventor of the Doppler on Wheels and bistatic radar systems Philadelphia portal Chicago and North Western
Radnor,_Pennsylvania
more. All of the fatalities happened in the town of Greenfield. A Doppler on Wheels estimated wind speeds of 309–318 mph (497–512 km/h), the third highest
List_of_Iowa_tornadoes
Type of adverse event
Wurman, Joshua (2008-08-29). "Doppler on Wheels". Center for Severe Weather Research. Archived from the original on 2007-02-05. Retrieved 2009-12-13
Natural_disaster
low or digging wave Direct hit Directional shear Divergence Doppler on Wheels (DOW) Doppler weather radar Dry convection (or dry mixing) – A vertical exchange
Glossary_of_tornado_terms
Tornado outbreak in the United States
Initially, the tornado was rated as an EF4, with the rating based on Doppler on Wheels surface wind measurements, which indicated a far larger and stronger
Tornado outbreak of May 26–31, 2013
Tornado_outbreak_of_May_26–31,_2013
Weather Forecast Office of the National Weather Service
Retrieved April 30, 2014. "Doppler On Wheels". Center for Severe Weather Research. 2014. Archived from the original on February 5, 2007. Retrieved February
National Weather Service Norman, Oklahoma
National_Weather_Service_Norman,_Oklahoma
Small-scale area of enhanced radar reflectivity
forecasting of tornadogenesis. One significant study documented DRCs using Doppler on Wheels (DOW) radar data, revealing finer spatial resolution details in DRC
Descending_reflectivity_core
Public high school in Radnor, Pennsylvania, United States
Steelers Joshua Wurman '78 is a leading meteorologist who invented Doppler On Wheels mobile radars. Beth Kephart '78 is the author of thirteen novels and
Radnor_High_School
Weather event
tornado was being observed by the University of Oklahoma Doppler on Wheels crew, whose mobile Doppler weather radar data showed up to 220 mph (350 km/h) winds
Tornado outbreak and derecho of May 30–31, 1998
Tornado_outbreak_and_derecho_of_May_30–31,_1998
Automatic tracking microwave radar
specimens of the SCR-584 are still operational today. In 1995 the first Doppler on Wheels (DOW) radar adapted the MP-61 pedestal from an SCR-584 for use in
SCR-584_radar
Measurement of strength and severity of tornadoes
2006-09-08. Center for Severe Weather Research (2006). "Doppler On Wheels". Archived from the original on 2007-02-05. Retrieved 2006-12-29. Lyons, Walter A
Tornado_intensity
City in Iowa, United States
intensity rating of EF3 with 160 miles (260 km) per hour winds, a mobile Doppler on Wheels (DOW) radar unit scanning the storm near Harlan measured winds aloft
Harlan,_Iowa
American meteorologist
Storms (OWLeS), and other field experiments. He participated with the Doppler on Wheels (DOW) team for the ROTATE, VORTEX2, and OWLeS projects and as mobile
Jeffrey_Frame
photography Joshua Wurman – meteorologist, inventor, developed the Doppler On Wheels, Bistatic Weather Radar Networks, founder and president of Center
List of Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
List_of_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_alumni
Doppler Weather Radar Aggie Doppler Radar Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) WSR-1 WSR-57 WSR-74 Mobile radars Doppler on Wheels RaXPol SMART-R Mobile radar
Outline_of_tornadoes
multiple tornado emergencies across the states of Nebraska and Iowa. A Doppler on Wheels unit records wind speeds of 224 miles / 360 kilometers per hour in
2024_in_Iowa
January. At 23:49 on 7 January, a waterspout made landfall on the west side of Selsey Bill before travelling east until it reached the sea on the other side
Tornadoes_of_1998
FOX Weather. Retrieved 2025-04-06. Gracey, Emily (2024-08-15). "Doppler on Wheels: Capturing the Worst Tornado Winds". WTVC. Retrieved 2025-04-06. "UAH
List_of_tornadic_researchers
2012 EF3 tornado across Kentucky and West Virginia, USA
highest wind speed measurement ever recorded, which was analyzed by a Doppler on Wheels (DOW) mobile radar truck. See [1] "Kentucky Event Report: EF3 Tornado
2012_West_Liberty_tornado
6 tornadoes touched down on February 5, with the strongest being an F2, with a well-constructed home having visible damage on its roof. Hundreds of trees
Tornadoes_of_2004
Atmospheric phenomenon
Center. Archived from the original on September 30, 2006. Retrieved September 8, 2006. CSWR Staff (2006). "Doppler On Wheels". CSWR.org. Center for Severe
Atmospheric_convection
Dangerous meteorological phenomena
from the original on 2 March 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2006. A tornado can pose threats to both humans and buildings. "Doppler On Wheels". Center for Severe
Severe_weather
Day of the year
statement concerning preliminary peak wind speed determinations based on Doppler On Wheels (DOW) data obtained in the Greenfield, Iowa tornado of 21 May 2024"
May_21
Day of the year
musician, and politician 1960 – Joshua Wurman, American scientist, Doppler on Wheels inventor, and storm chaser 1961 – Gary Ablett Sr., Australian footballer
October_1
City in South Dakota, United States
this time, the tornado was being observed by the OU Doppler on Wheels crew, whose mobile Doppler weather radar data showed up to 264 mph winds in the
Spencer,_South_Dakota
original on July 3, 2013. Retrieved June 17, 2013. Eric Nguyen's 1999 Chase Documents! "Doppler On Wheels". May 3, 1999. Archived from the original on February
List of Storm Prediction Center high risk days
List_of_Storm_Prediction_Center_high_risk_days
have been classified as "intense" in Oklahoma, being rated F3+ on the Fujita scale or EF3+ on the Enhanced Fujita scale. Oklahoma has seen thirteen F5 or
Tornadoes_in_Oklahoma
Topics referred to by the same term
Mesonets (FARM), a meteorological research service that operates the Doppler on Wheels fleet Farm (revenue leasing), "farming out" a tax or rent or other
Farm_(disambiguation)
Severe weather event in the United States
bathroom and hanging on to a toilet. The bathroom was the only room left standing after the tornado had passed. A Doppler on Wheels (DOW) mobile research
Tornado outbreak of May 7–10, 2016
Tornado_outbreak_of_May_7–10,_2016
2010. Retrieved June 1, 2013. "Doppler On Wheels". Center for Severe Weather Research. 2010. Archived from the original on February 5, 2007. Retrieved June
List of tornadoes in the 1999 Great Plains tornado outbreak
List_of_tornadoes_in_the_1999_Great_Plains_tornado_outbreak
collected on the surface at standard temperature and pressure. doldrums See Intertropical Convergence Zone. Doppler on Wheels (DOW) Doppler weather radar
Glossary_of_meteorology
List of United States tornadoes from June to July 2013 All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are
List of United States tornadoes in May 2013
List_of_United_States_tornadoes_in_May_2013
devised a method to estimate maximum wind speeds within tornadic storms based on the damage caused; this became known as the Fujita scale. The scale ranks
List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes (2010–2019)
List_of_F4_and_EF4_tornadoes_(2010–2019)
on the Fujita scale, marking the oldest official F5 tornado. August – The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration publishes that a Doppler on
Meteorology in the 21st century
Meteorology_in_the_21st_century
United States as well as southern Ontario, including three major outbreaks on May 22, May 24 and May 29–30. Overall, the sequence produced 389 tornadoes
List of tornadoes in the May 2004 tornado outbreak sequence
List_of_tornadoes_in_the_May_2004_tornado_outbreak_sequence
after a deadly outbreak struck Texas and surrounding southern states on May 15. On May 16, a slow moving trough crossed the Rockies and traversed the western
List of tornadoes in the outbreak of May 18–21, 2013
List_of_tornadoes_in_the_outbreak_of_May_18–21,_2013
American rock band
to an overdriven Leslie (rotary-doppler effect) speaker box was awe-inspiring.[citation needed] Dave Barnes went on to work with his brother, Terry Barnes
Faith_Band
Quantification of bulk fluid movement
the dependency on these particles, there are limited applications for Doppler flowmeters. This technology is also known as acoustic Doppler velocimetry.
Flow_measurement
Instrument for measuring wind speed
Archived from the original on 10 October 2006. Retrieved 18 September 2006. Iten, Paul D. (29 June 1976). "Laser Doppler Anemometer". United States Patent
Anemometer
Very low-altitude flight technique
attack the target and then turns to escape before the enemy can respond. Doppler radar has the potential to detect NOE flight, but the incoming aircraft
Nap-of-the-earth
Instrument measuring the rotation speed of a shaft or disk
leading to high error rates if the wheels slip or slide. To compensate for this, secondary odometry inputs employ Doppler radar units beneath the train to
Tachometer
Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun/missile system
uses a tracked armored chassis with six road wheels, a drive sprocket, an idler and three return rollers on each side. The vehicle has a crew of three:
PGZ-95
2006 studio album by Field Mob
sessions took place at PatchWerk Recording Studios, Dirty South Studios, Doppler Studios and Upstairs Studio in Atlanta, at Chalice Recording Studios in
Light_Poles_and_Pine_Trees
Onomatopoeia of consecutive beeps such as a car horn
only way the Road Runner can harm the Coyote, was inspired by hearing a Doppler-like effect as background artist Paul Julian imitated a car horn when he
Beep,_beep_(sound)
Electronic toy
turned on the Star Bird mimics an engine sound. If the toy is pointed upwards the sound is altered by a ball bearing switch to suggest a Doppler effect
Star_Bird
Iranian battle tank
from the T-72 tank. On 25 October 2016, Iran had successfully tested an active protection system on the Zulfiqar, based on pulse-doppler and phased-array
Zulfiqar_(tank)
European space observatory
evolution of the corona by creating an artificial solar eclipse. Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI), which measures velocity and magnetic fields in the photosphere
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory
Speed gauge in motor vehicles
vehicle's speed, assuming the wheels have full traction. The sensor is typically a set of one or more magnets mounted on the output shaft or (in transaxles)
Speedometer
Contraction of length in the direction of propagation in Minkowski space
has to apply the relativistic Doppler effect. So, only with the aid of length contraction and the relativistic Doppler effect, the extremely small wavelength
Length_contraction
Family of private twinjet aircraft manufactured by Gulfstream Aerospace
the NOAA GIV-SP was further modified by the addition of a side-scanning Doppler weather radar to the rear fuselage. This radar is used for storm cloud
Gulfstream_IV
Aircraft digital message communication system
consisting of discrete inputs for the doors, parking brake and weight on wheels sensors to automatically determine the flight phase and generate and send
ACARS
Utility aircraft
monitoring technology, synthetic vision system and an optional Garmin GWX 75 Doppler-capable weather radar. An eight-seat "Executive Edition" VIP cabin was
Daher_Kodiak
Collection of devices, connected to a wire and anchored on the sea floor
(conductivity, temperature, and depth sensors), current meters (e.g. acoustic Doppler current profilers or deprecated rotor current meters), and biological sensors
Mooring_(oceanography)
South Korean main battle tank
120 mm gun barrel, bustle type autoloader, pulse-doppler radar and In-arm suspension unit (ISU), 6 road wheels, but it differs from the original version, among
K2_Black_Panther
Proposed bomber aircraft
the Puma Weapon Computer System, which would include the 'Orion' pulse doppler radar and 'Relief' monopulse ground mapping radar, later incorporated into
Sukhoi_S-6
Autocannon
35 mm guns or missiles. Pulse doppler search radar, pulse doppler tracking radar and co-axial television camera are mounted on the roof of the towed trailer
Oerlikon_GDF
Series of racing video games
graphics system always renders them with all 4 wheels on the ground, although the physics system may attribute wheels with varying amounts of downforce (potentially
NASCAR_Racing
Gravitational force exerted by the planet Mars
another. Doppler tracking is a common technique in tracking the spacecraft, utilizing radial velocity method, which involves detection of Doppler shifts
Gravity_of_Mars
NASA space telescope for exoplanetology (2009–2018)
mission was expected to be extended until 2016, but on July 14, 2012, one of the four reaction wheels used for pointing the spacecraft stopped turning,
Kepler_space_telescope
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