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Combination of two adjacent vowel sounds
[ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. A diphthong (/ˈdɪfθɒŋ, ˈdɪp-/ DIF-thong, DIP-), also known as a gliding vowel or a
Diphthong
Greek long vowels written as diphthongs
spurious diphthong (or false diphthong) is an Ancient Greek vowel that is etymologically a long vowel but written exactly like a true diphthong ει, ου (ei
Spurious_diphthong
Ninth letter of the Latin alphabet
either the diphthong /aɪ/ ("long" ⟨i⟩) as in kite, the short /ɪ/ as in bill, or the ⟨ee⟩ sound /iː/ in the last syllable of machine. The diphthong /aɪ/ developed
I
of English diphthongs comprises sound changes to phonemes that have historically been diphthongs in the English language. English diphthongs have undergone
Phonological history of English diphthongs
Phonological_history_of_English_diphthongs
Sound change
the sound change of a triphthong to a smaller unit of sound; either a diphthong or pure vowel. In the latter case, smoothing is sometimes referred to
Triphthong_smoothing
Vowel sound change
sound change by which a diphthong becomes a monophthong, a type of vowel shift. It is also known as ungliding, as diphthongs are also known as gliding
Monophthongization
Process by which monophthongs become diphthongs and triphthongs
linguistics, vowel breaking, vowel fracture, or diphthongization is the sound change of a monophthong into a diphthong or triphthong. Vowel breaking may be unconditioned
Vowel_breaking
Pronunciation and sounds of Old English
short diphthongs and leaving long diphthongs unmarked (since the 'long' diphthongs in fact have the same length as original Germanic diphthongs). For
Old_English_phonology
Ligature of the Latin letters A and E
character. It is a ligature of a and e, originally representing the Latin diphthong ae. It is considered a letter in some languages, including Danish, Norwegian
Æ
developed into diphthongs of a generally less common type in which both elements are of the same height, called height-harmonic diphthongs. This process
Phonological history of Old English
Phonological_history_of_Old_English
Monophthongization of diphthongs is a Proto-Slavic sound change in which diphthongs turn into vowels. It is one of the key events in the chronology of
Monophthongization of diphthongs in Proto-Slavic
Monophthongization_of_diphthongs_in_Proto-Slavic
System for writing in Spanish
where it is pronounced as a falling diphthong, such as cocuy; the word muy may also be pronounced with a rising diphthong. The letter ⟨y⟩ is conserved in
Spanish_orthography
Proto-language of all the Slavic languages
before (the boundary corresponding roughly to the monophthongization of diphthongs, and the Slavic second palatalization) use the common Balto-Slavic notation
Proto-Slavic_language
Tenth letter of many Semitic alphabets
a result of the monophthongization that the diphthong /aj/ underwent in most words. A part of a diphthong, /aj/. Then, it has no diacritic but could be
Yodh
Phrase used in elocution
phrase used in elocution teaching since at least 1926 to demonstrate the diphthong /aʊ/. Bagley, Louie: "Elocution do's and dont's", Frederick A. Stokes
How_now_brown_cow
Mark that indicates separation of vowels
syllables – a vowel hiatus (also called a diaeresis) – rather than a digraph or diphthong. It consists of a two dots diacritic placed over a letter, generally a
Diaeresis_(diacritic)
Syllabic separation of two adjacent vowels
is called a diphthong. Some languages do not have diphthongs, except sometimes in rapid speech, or they have a limited number of diphthongs but also numerous
Vowel_hiatus
Finnic language
length are distinguished, and there are a range of diphthongs, although vowel harmony limits which diphthongs are possible. Finnish belongs to the Finnic branch
Finnish_language
West Germanic language
vowels as in Standard English. The diphthongs /ei/ and /ou/ are monophthongs [eː] and [oː] or even the reverse diphthongs [ie] and [uo] (e.g. bay and boat
English_language
Ligature of the Latin letters O and E
Latin, it was used in borrowings from Greek that originally contained the diphthong οι, and in a few non-Greek words. These usages continue in English and
Œ
Indo-European language of the Italic branch
classical words if ⟨ui⟩ were to be considered a diphthong. The sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs. ⟨ae⟩ and ⟨oe⟩ also represented a sequence
Latin
Standard accent for British English
narrowly transcribed in phonetic literature as diphthongs [ɪi] and [ʊu]. The starting point of the diphthongal /uː/ can be either close to [ʊ] or a more centralised
Received_Pronunciation
pitch accent to a stress accent system, and the monophthongization of diphthongs (except αυ and ευ). Those changes seem widely attested from the 2nd century
Koine_Greek_phonology
Concepts in poetic meter
dieresis) has two meanings: the separate pronunciation of the two vowels in a diphthong for the sake of meter, and a division between feet that corresponds to
Diaeresis_(prosody)
Dialect of Low German
to [u]. Pronunciation of certain vowels and diphthongs varies from some speakers to others; the diphthong represented by ee for instances is pronounced
Plautdietsch
Fifteenth letter of the Latin alphabet
"short" pronunciations. The "long" ⟨o⟩ as in boat is actually most often a diphthong /oʊ/ (realized dialectically anywhere from [o] to [əʊ]). In English, there
O
Sounds and pronunciation of the Romanian language
interjections or recent borrowings. Romanian includes the two unusual diphthongs /e̯a/ and /o̯a/ and the central vowel /ɨ/. There are seven monophthongs:
Romanian_phonology
Pronunciation change in English between 1350 and 1700
with diphthongs, but not the same diphthongs as in Modern English. Scholars agree that the Middle English close vowels /iː uː/ became diphthongs around
Great_Vowel_Shift
Most widely spoken of all Sámi languages
and /u/, the normal diphthongs, and the long vowel /aː/ occur generally. The other long vowels occur only in the context of diphthong simplification (below)
Northern_Sámi
Theoretical smallest unit of timing
the case of a short vowel, and two morae in the case of a long vowel or diphthong. Consonants serving as syllable nuclei also represent one mora if short
Mora_(linguistics)
Latin letter I with dieresis
vowels are pronounced in separate syllables, rather than together as a diphthong or digraph. For example, French maïs (IPA: [ma.is] ; "maize"); without
Ï
Vowel sound represented by ⟨y⟩ in IPA
little later, the diphthong /yi/ when not before another vowel monophthongized and merged with long /yː/. In Koine Greek, the diphthong /oi/ changed to
Close_front_rounded_vowel
Latin letter A with acute accent
words with irregular stress patterns. It can also be used to "break up" a diphthong or to avoid what would otherwise be homonyms, although this does not happen
Á
Central Asian dish
transcribed as "palao", "palaw", "palau", etc to reflect the Classical diphthong /aw/, which is preserved in Dari, and is otherwise often transcribed "polow"
Kabuli_pulao
Irregular verbs in the Spanish language
an i which is not part of a diphthong, taking into account that diphthongizing overrides vowel raising. For diphthongizing verbs (e.g. dormir, sentir)
Spanish_irregular_verbs
West Germanic language spoken by Ashkenazi Jews
refers to quantity or diphthongization (−1=short, −2=long, −3=short but lengthened early in the history of Yiddish, −4=diphthong, −5=special length occurring
Yiddish
Topics referred to by the same term
diëresis) may refer to: Diaeresis (prosody), pronunciation of vowels in a diphthong separately, or the division made in a line of poetry when the end of a
Diaeresis
System of sounds for the Afrikaans language
inventory consisting of 17 vowel phonemes, including 10 monophthongs and 7 diphthongs. There are also 7 marginal monophthongs. /y/ tends to be merged with /i/
Afrikaans_phonology
Papuan language spoken in Southeast Asia
It uses the Latin writing system. The language features monophthong, diphthong, and triphthong vowels. Waris is spoken by about 2,500 people around Wasengla
Waris_language
Dialect of Welsh
("the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit"). The diphthong ae is changed in the same way: This is a diphthong which varies in pronunciation over the Gwenhwyseg
Gwenhwyseg
Sound system of the Occitan language
of Provençal (though not in Niçard), the stressed diphthong /aw/ ⟨au⟩ becomes the unstressed diphthong [ɔw] ⟨au⟩. For instance (stress underlined): sauta
Occitan_phonology
Dialect of Greek in the ancient world
Greek of Lesbos. The diphthongs ᾱͅ, ῃ, ῳ /aːi eːi oːi/ were respectively simplified to the long vowels ᾱ, η, ω /aː eː oː/. The diphthongs αι, ει, and οι became
Koine_Greek
Twenty-fifth letter of the Latin alphabet
designate the same diphthong /ʊi/ (shortened to /u/ in some environments). In both languages, it can also form part of diphthongs such as ⟨ey⟩ (in both
Y
accents: The diphthong /aɪ/ (as in price) realised as [ʌi] or [ɔi], sounding more like the diphthong in Received Pronunciation choice. The diphthong /aʊ/ (as
English language in Southern England
English_language_in_Southern_England
Occitan dialect near the French-Spanish border
historically was a diphthong, but is currently produced as [y]. Aranese orthography denotes where two consecutive vowels do not diphthongize, but rather form
Aranese_dialect
Sounds and pronunciation of Ancient Greek
many diphthongs, all falling diphthongs with /i u/ as the second semivocalic element, and either with a short or long first element. Diphthongs with a
Ancient_Greek_phonology
Yeo (letter: ㅕ; name: 여) is a diphthong of the Korean hangul alphabet, representing the sound [jʌ] as described by the IPA. "Korean". Omniglot. Retrieved
Yeo_(hangul)
Finnic language spoken in South Estonia
(present in Kihnu) Diphthongization of long vowels ää, õõ retained e.g. pää 'head' ää, õõ retained e.g. jää 'ice' occasionally diphthongized > ea, õe e.g.
South_Estonian
Phonetic changes in the French language
dissimilation of the diphthong [ei̯] to [oi̯]) [mweˈtje] (12th-13th century AD, Late Old French: replacement of falling diphthongs with rising diphthongs) [mwɛˈtje]
Phonological history of French
Phonological_history_of_French
Marks added to letters in Greek
diaeresis (¨), which usually indicates a hiatus but occasionally indicates a diphthong Although it is not a diacritic, the hypodiastole (comma) has in a similar
Greek_diacritics
Sound changes
rather than diphthongs. West Saxon ceald; but Anglian cald > ModE cold. Diphthong height harmonization: The height of one element of each diphthong is adjusted
Phonological history of English
Phonological_history_of_English
How Ancient Greek terms are pronounced when taught
spiritus asper as /h/ and the pronunciation of β, γ and δ as plosives and of diphthongs as such. However, there is often no mention of the ancient aspirate pronunciations
Pronunciation of Ancient Greek in teaching
Pronunciation_of_Ancient_Greek_in_teaching
Pure vowel sound
The processes by which monophthongs develop into diphthongs (diphthongization), and by which diphthongs simplify into monophthongs (monophthongization)
Monophthong
Ancient Greek dialect group
(written ει: spurious diphthong). PIE *trey-es → Proto-Greek trees → Attic trēs = (τρεῖς), "three" e + o → ō (written ου: spurious diphthong). early *genes-os
Attic_Greek
e.g. Gael /ɡeːlˠ/ "a Gael". In Latin, ⟨ae⟩ originally represented the diphthong /ae/, before it was monophthongized in the Vulgar Latin period to /ɛ/;
List_of_Latin-script_digraphs
Orthography of the Slovak language
rising-opening diphthong [ɪe], similar to the /jɛ/ sequence in English (as in yes /jɛs/); ⟨iu⟩, which stands for the rising-backing diphthong [ɪu], similar
Slovak_orthography
Standard pronunciation of the German language
German long vowels changed to diphthongs. Most Upper German dialects retain the diphthongs. A remnant of their former diphthong character is shown when [iː]
Standard_German_phonology
Ancestor of the Finnic languages
of a vowel and syllable-final semivowel *j or *w are reinterpreted as diphthongs: *aj > *ai, *aw > *au etc. Consequently, these consonants can no longer
Proto-Finnic_language
Perceived longer vowel sounds and diphthongs in speech
spoken English and generally indicates slower, longer vowel sounds and diphthongs. The drawl is often perceived as a method of speaking more slowly and
Drawl
Austronesian language of Vietnam and Cambodia
Cham (Cham: ꨌꩌ, Jawi: چم, Latin script: Cam) is a Malayo-Polynesian language of the Austronesian family, spoken by the Chams of Southeast Asia. It is spoken
Cham_language
Allophonic rule of vowels prominent in Canada, also found in N. American English dialects
English diphthong raising) is an allophonic rule of phonology in many varieties of North American English that changes the pronunciation of diphthongs with
Canadian_raising
Rendering Greek in Latin characters
modern scholarly transliteration now usually renders ⟨κ⟩ as ⟨k⟩ and the diphthongs ⟨αι, οι, ει, ου⟩ as ⟨ai, oi, ei, ou⟩. "Greeklish" has also spread within
Romanization_of_Greek
Transitional phoneme produced like a vowel but used like a syllable boundary
in a diphthong [flai̯] or as a closed syllable ending in a consonant [flaj]. It is unusual for a language to contrast a semivowel and a diphthong containing
Semivowel
English as spoken in Barbados
best identified as an allophone of this phoneme, thus /ˈhapiː/. The FACE diphthong /eɪ/ varies by region and education/class: it manifests in educated speech
Bajan_English
Oldest widely attested Gaelic language
monophthongs and diphthongs. Short diphthongs were monomoraic, taking up the same amount of time as short vowels, while long diphthongs were bimoraic, the
Old_Irish
Austroasiatic language
(or monophthongs) and centering diphthongs, Vietnamese has closing diphthongs and triphthongs. The closing diphthongs and triphthongs consist of a main
Vietnamese_language
Dialect of English
features may be summarized as follows: /l/-vocalization /t/-glottalization Diphthong shift Yod-coalescence Other distinguishing features have been suggested
Estuary_English
West Germanic language of the High and Late Middle Ages
and diphthongs cannot be clearly distinguished in Middle Dutch, as many long vowels had or developed a diphthongal quality, while existing diphthongs could
Middle_Dutch
Rules for writing the Welsh language
when y is preceded or followed by g /ɡ/ or followed by w /u/, forming a diphthong."Morffoleg y Gymraeg". Geiriadur yr Academi. Bangor University. Retrieved
Welsh_orthography
Sounds and pronunciation of Portuguese
pronounced both as rising diphthongs or hiatus. In these and other cases, other diphthongs, diphthong-hiatus or hiatus-diphthong combinations might exist
Portuguese_phonology
Sound system of Australian English
monophthongs and diphthongs, mostly correspond to the tense vowels used in analyses of Received Pronunciation (RP) as well as its centring diphthongs. The short
Australian_English_phonology
Latvian dialect of the Curonian Spit
include syllable structure, stress patterns, pitch accent, vowel behavior, diphthong dynamics, and consonantal shifts. Kursenieki syllables are typically closed
Kursenieki_language
Phonology of the Dutch language
øː, oː/ are included in one of the diphthong charts below because Northern Standard Dutch realises them as diphthongs, but they behave phonologically like
Dutch_phonology
Latin letter A with macron
in some orthography-based transcriptions of English to represent the diphthong /eɪ/ (see Vowel length § Traditional long and short vowels in English
Ā
Alphabet and spelling
other Western European languages can be helpful. A full list of sounds, diphthongs, and their main spellings is given at Portuguese phonology. This article
Portuguese_orthography
Austronesian language spoken in Malaysia and Brunei
Melanau is an Austronesian language spoken in the coastal area of the Rajang delta on northwest Borneo, Sarawak, Malaysia and Brunei. There are several
Melanau_language
Vowel sound represented by ⟨i⟩ in IPA
/iː/) and is not normally pronounced as a pure vowel (it is a slight diphthong), some dialects have been reported to pronounce the phoneme as a pure
Close_front_unrounded_vowel
Alemannic German dialect spoken in Alsace
(Strasbourg region) make use of more letters including Ë, Ö, Ù and the diphthong ÈI. In general the principles of Orthal are to: Follow standard German
Alsatian_dialect
Sound system of Spanish
Spanish has falling diphthongs that end in [j] or [w], and rising diphthongs that start with [j] or [w]. While many diphthongs are historically the result
Spanish_phonology
Mark used in Arabic-based orthographies
alphabet, denotes a glottal stop and, in non-Arabic languages, indicates a diphthong, vowel, or other features, depending on the language. Derived from the
Hamza
Vowel sound involving motion through 3 vowel qualities
articulator position, diphthongs have two and triphthongs three. Triphthongs are not to be confused with disyllabic sequences of a diphthong followed by a monophthong
Triphthong
Spelling system developed by Veldeke Limburg
The Spelling 2003 for the Limburgian dialects, also known as Veldeke-spelling, is a spelling system developed by Veldeke Limburg, a dialect association
Spelling 2003 for the Limburgian dialects
Spelling_2003_for_the_Limburgian_dialects
Dialect of English spoken in London
correspond to relatively less diphthongal /iː/ and /uː/ in traditional RP. /æj, ɑj, oj/ correspond to /eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ/ in RP. The diphthong offsets are only fully
Cockney
Dialect of Limburgish spoken in Hasselt, Belgium
consonants, the long monophthongs /uː, øː, œː/ and the diphthongs /ej, ow/ are realized as centering diphthongs [uə, øə, œə, eə, oə]. In the case of /ej/, this
Hasselt_dialect
Early modern stage (1350–1650) of the German language
⟨iu⟩) are diphthongized to /aɪ/, /aʊ/ and /ɔʏ/, spelt ⟨ei⟩, ⟨au⟩ and ⟨eu/äu⟩. In many dialects they fall together with the original MHG diphthongs ⟨ei⟩, ⟨ou⟩
Early_New_High_German
Abugida-type writing system
long form is indicated with the length mark. Diphthongs are represented by adding one of the diphthong markers to a syllable. Sanskrit also includes
Soyombo_script
Diacritical mark used in polytonic orthography
diacritical mark used to indicate the presence of an /h/ sound before a vowel, diphthong, or after rho. It remained in the polytonic orthography even after the
Rough_breathing
Austronesian language of Fiji
'day'; Stress on the final syllable (diphthong): cauravóu, 'youth' (the stress extends over the whole diphthong). Stress shift: cábe, 'kick' → cabé-ta
Fijian_language
Sub-branch of the Turkic language family
the form of assibilation) of initial */j/ (e.g. *jetti > ʒetti "seven") Diphthongs from syllable-final */ɡ/ and */b/ (e.g. *taɡ > taw "mountain", *sub >
Kipchak_languages
Auxiliary constructed language
accented on the first vowel (e.g. tio). Words ending in a diphthong are accented on the diphthong (e.g. cacau). Those ending in the double vowels ae, ao
Lingua_Franca_Nova
Elder Futhark rune
futhorc, it is continued as ᛖ eh (properly eoh, but spelled without the diphthong to avoid confusion with ᛇ ēoh "yew"). The Proto-Germanic vowel system
Ehwaz
Siouan language in Montana
morpheme: V:V (long+short), V:V: (long+long) and diphthong+V (short). Word finally, only a (in a diphthong), o, and u (allomorphs of the plural suffix) can
Crow_language
Turkic language
contains the digraphs ov and öv to represent diphthongs present in the language, and the pronunciation of diphthongs is today accepted as the norm in the orthophony
Azerbaijani_language
19th century phonetic alphabet for the English language
⟨⟩, and the word the is written with both (in separate instances). The diphthong /ɔɪ/ did not have its own letter in this edition, but gains one in subsequent
English_Phonotypic_Alphabet
System of sounds of the Finnish language
below lists the conventionally postulated diphthongs in Finnish. In speech (i.e. phonetically speaking) a diphthong does not sound like a sequence of two
Finnish_phonology
Latin-script digraph
sometimes slightly kerned. An ij in written Dutch usually represents the diphthong [ɛi], similar to the pronunciation of ⟨ay⟩ in "pay", and is preserved
IJ_(digraph)
Sounds and pronunciation of Icelandic
dialectal differences in sounds. The language has both monophthongs and diphthongs, and many consonants can be voiced or unvoiced. Icelandic has an aspiration
Icelandic_phonology
Historical, reconstructed phonology
close-mid diphthongs, and all of the close-mid diphthongs had been eliminated by late Middle English. The following processes produced the above diphthongs: Reinterpretation
Middle_English_phonology
Any of several English dialects spoken in Northumbria, England
it develops either into a centring diphthong [iə], characteristic of the western dialects, or into opening diphthongs such as [ĭe~ĭɛ~ĭa], characteristic
Northumbrian_dialect
Latin script for the Vietnamese language
c would be called cờ and so on. This causes some ambiguity with the diphthong ⟨ia, iê⟩, for example gia could be either ⟨gi⟩+⟨a⟩ [za ~ ja] or ⟨gi⟩+⟨ia⟩
Vietnamese_alphabet
DIPHTHONG
DIPHTHONG
DIPHTHONG
DIPHTHONG
DIPHTHONG
DIPHTHONG
DIPHTHONG
DIPHTHONG
DIPHTHONG