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See searches and references containing DESEGREGATION BUSING!DESEGREGATION BUSING
Attempt to racially diversify American public schools
Desegregation busing (also known as integrated busing, forced busing, or simply busing) was a civil rights measure in the United States that came to national
Desegregation_busing
Period when Boston public schools were under court control
under court control to desegregate through a system of busing students. The call for desegregation and the first years of its implementation led to a series
Boston desegregation busing crisis
Boston_desegregation_busing_crisis
1976 Pulitzer Prize–winning photograph
Prize–winning photograph taken by Stanley Forman during the Boston desegregation busing crisis in 1976. It depicts a white teenager, Joseph Rakes, assaulting
The_Soiling_of_Old_Glory
Boston organization formed to oppose desegregation busing
the constitution that would make desegregation busing illegal. By the year 1975, ROAR shifts its focus from busing to feminine issues, including participating
Restore_Our_Alienated_Rights
American politician (1929–2012)
the city's schools desegregated, leading to a system of desegregation busing. In Phase I of the plan, Judge Garrity followed a busing plan previously drawn
Kevin_White_(politician)
foster racial diversity in schools. This led to the practice of desegregation busing. Busing caused many white students to withdraw and enroll in private
Racial diversity in United States schools
Racial_diversity_in_United_States_schools
Career of Joe Biden in the United States Senate
apartheid-era South Africa. He was a leading opponent of mandatory desegregation busing. In 1987, Biden ran for president, but withdrew due to incidents
US_Senate_career_of_Joe_Biden
1974 United States Supreme Court case
significant United States Supreme Court case dealing with the planned desegregation busing of public school students across district lines among 53 school districts
Milliken_v._Bradley
Neighborhood in Los Angeles, California, United States
California Supreme Court required the district to come up with a desegregation busing plan in 1977. The board returned to court with what the court of
Angeles_Mesa,_Los_Angeles
American judge (1920–1999)
in Morgan v. Hennigan which mandated that Boston schools be desegregated by means of busing. Born in Worcester, Massachusetts, Garrity received an Artium
W._Arthur_Garrity_Jr.
American politician (born 1939)
during the turbulent Boston desegregation busing crisis of the early 1970s. He opposed federally-mandated school busing. Throughout his political career
Raymond_Flynn
1985 nonfiction book by J. Anthony Lukas
examines race relations in Boston, Massachusetts, through the prism of desegregation busing. It received the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, the National
Common_Ground_(Lukas_book)
Municipal police department in Boston, Massachusetts
during the public disturbance over court-ordered busing, which was intended to racially desegregate Boston's public school system. The protest of white
Boston_Police_Department
Topics referred to by the same term
bus, bussing, or busing in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Bussing or busing may refer to: Student transport by bus Desegregation busing Bussing (surname)
Bussing
2022 American film
historical drama film based on true events about the 1974 Boston desegregation busing crisis. Directed by Daniel Adams from a script he co-wrote with George
The_Walk_(2022_film)
extremely bitter campaign, Bentsen accused Yarborough of supporting desegregation busing and criticized his opposition to the Vietnam War. Many Texas liberals
1970 United States Senate election in Texas
1970_United_States_Senate_election_in_Texas
American politician (1937–2019)
School, where she mobilized other mothers to protest court-ordered desegregation busing. Fiedler formed an organization called Bustop in 1976, and the organization
Bobbi_Fiedler
Public housing in Boston, Massachusetts
Bulger grew up, and a neighborhood "where court-ordered desegregation of schools through busing led to hostility and violence in the 1970s". The housing
Old_Harbor_Housing_Project
Bus operated by a school district for student transport
and traffic priority. Buses portal Desegregation busing in the United States List of school bus manufacturers The Magic School Bus, American children's
School_bus
American photojournalist (born 1945)
holding the American flag as a weapon during the height of the Boston Desegregation Busing Crisis. In 1979, Forman's photography staff at the Boston Herald
Stanley_Forman
Voluntary desegregation program in Boston
voluntary school desegregation program in the United States. Begun in 1966, it is a national model for the few other voluntary desegregation busing programs operating
METCO
More aspirants of high status than society can sustain
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Elite_overproduction
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
List of standardized tests in the United States
List_of_standardized_tests_in_the_United_States
resignation of President Richard Nixon on August 8 and the Boston desegregation busing crisis, including Sargent's May 10 decision to block repeal of the
1974 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
1974_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election
Period following the U.S. election of 1968
original on 2008-06-07. White backlash Milliken v. Bradley (1974) Desegregation busing Reconstruction Era Redeemers Southern strategy American Civil War
Second_Redemption
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Lists of American colleges and universities
Lists_of_American_colleges_and_universities
American politician (1925–2025)
favor of desegregation busing. Braddock noted it was hypocritical that busing was popular among whites when it would "maintain segregation" by busing white
G._Holmes_Braddock
Mass exodus of white people from areas becoming more diverse
1954. In the 1970s, attempts to achieve effective desegregation (or "integration") by means of busing in some areas led to more families' moving out of
White_flight
Type of US higher education institution
current land-grant university to have lost land-grant status (when desegregation cost it its state funding in 1957) and subsequently regain it, which
Land-grant_university
Public high school in Denver, Colorado, United States
system, to begin desegregation busing. A large portion of the former attendance area was assigned to Lincoln High School (without buses) and students from
Kennedy High School (Colorado)
Kennedy_High_School_(Colorado)
American politician and lawyer (1919–1998)
Wallace (similarly to Nixon) expressed continued opposition to desegregation busing. For the next four months, Wallace's campaign proceeded well. In
George_Wallace
American photojournalism award
Theodore Landsmark — using an American flag as a lance — during a desegregation busing demonstration at Boston City Hall. 1977: Neal Ulevich, of the Associated
Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Photography
Pulitzer_Prize_for_Breaking_News_Photography
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
List of U.S. states and territories by educational attainment
List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_educational_attainment
Catholic cardinal (1915–1983)
supported integration in the United States, but did not support desegregation busing; nevertheless, he refused to let parents enroll their children in
Humberto_Sousa_Medeiros
American writer (born 1970)
arts. She and her sister are both alumni of METCO, Boston's racial desegregation busing program. Senna graduated from Brookline High School in 1988. Senna
Danzy_Senna
Census-designated place in Maryland, US
Landover residents believed that desegregation busing contributed to the socioeconomic decline of Landover. In 1998 the busing program was abolished due to
Landover,_Maryland
US federal law prohibiting sex discrimination in education
When U.S. President Nixon signed the bill, he spoke mostly about desegregation busing, and did not mention the expansion of educational access for women
Title_IX
country had been released from mandatory busing.[citation needed] School start times are computed with busing in mind. There are often three start times:
K–12 education in the United States
K–12_education_in_the_United_States
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
History_of_Education_Society
High school in Texas, United States
be a 5A school and weathered the challenges of desegregation, forced busing, and the end of desegregation. From 1988 to 2002, Johnston High School housed
Albert Sidney Johnston High School
Albert_Sidney_Johnston_High_School
schools in Massachusetts Massachusetts portal Education portal Boston desegregation busing crisis Education in New England List of colleges and universities
Education_in_Massachusetts
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Qatari involvement in US higher education
Qatari_involvement_in_US_higher_education
American serial killer
considered one of the leading experts in the design and implementation of desegregation busing programs in major American cities. By 1975, he had developed plans
Neal_Long
American educator and attorney (born 1946)
City Hall, he was met by young demonstrators against the Boston Desegregation Busing Crisis. It depicts a young white teenager, Joseph Rakes, assaulting
Ted_Landsmark
U.S. federal rules and regulations on education
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Title 34 of the Code of Federal Regulations
Title_34_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations
High school standardized test
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
PSAT/NMSQT
Term related to educational inequalities
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Word_gap
Segregationist political strategy
also subjected to busing schemes, also returning to more or less neighborhood school plans some years later.[citation needed] Busing plans were implemented
Massive_resistance
US system of local government
criticism for his response to racial tensions during the city's desegregation busing crisis. Coleman Young (1974–1994) was the longest-serving mayor in
Mayoralty in the United States
Mayoralty_in_the_United_States
List of incidents from 1783 to the present
Baltimore police strike, July, Baltimore, Maryland 1974 — Boston desegregation busing riots: at least 40 riots throughout Boston, Massachusetts from September
List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States
List_of_incidents_of_civil_unrest_in_the_United_States
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
List of colleges and universities in Florida
List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Florida
Laws enforcing racial segregation in the U.S.
Court), in Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, upheld desegregation busing of students to achieve integration. Interpretation of the Constitution
Jim_Crow_laws
1994 film by Robert Zemeckis
sequence where they were [desegregation] busing in Florida at the same time, so people were angry about either the busing, or [their] kids having to
Forrest_Gump
British educationist
policy based heavily on the United States' then-current system of desegregation busing. In 1975, before this new intake had worked through the school, around
Molly_Hattersley
Office of the United States Department of Education
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Federal_Student_Aid
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
List of research universities in the United States
List_of_research_universities_in_the_United_States
Nonprofit organization
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Teach_for_America
City in Alabama, United States
Education moved to petition the federal government to end the required desegregation busing of predominantly black students from the Shannon/Oxmoor Valley area
Vestavia_Hills,_Alabama
Series of protests in California, U.S.
detained with zip-ties before being loaded onto a Los Angeles Police Department bus. Other protestors threw objects at police, including fireworks. A Telemundo
June 2025 Los Angeles protests against mass deportation
June_2025_Los_Angeles_protests_against_mass_deportation
Process of ending the separation of two groups, usually referring to races
Desegregation is the process of ending the separation of two groups, usually referring to races. Desegregation is typically measured by the index of dissimilarity
Desegregation in the United States
Desegregation_in_the_United_States
American skateboarder
introduced Grimes to skating. Additionally, as part of the LAUSD desegregation busing, Grimes attended Paul Revere Junior High in Pacific Palisades, which
Marty_Grimes
Private school in Nashville, Tennessee, US
academy, similar to other schools established following court-ordered desegregation busing in Nashville public schools. As of the 2021–22 school year, the school's
Franklin_Road_Academy
School district
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Lists of school districts in the United States
Lists_of_school_districts_in_the_United_States
Transport for children to and from schools and events
school. Bus driver Childhood obesity Commuting Desegregation busing in the United States Driver visibility Home zone/ Play street List of school bus manufacturers
Student_transport
Form to determine eligibility for US student financial aid
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
FAFSA
Topics referred to by the same term
Restore Our Alienated Rights, a Boston organization formed to oppose desegregation busing Rise Organise and Rebuild Guyana, a political party in Guyana Reach
Roar_(disambiguation)
Diploma awarded for completing high school
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
High_school_diploma
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Normal schools in the United States
Normal_schools_in_the_United_States
State government organization in US
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Alaska Department of Education & Early Development
Alaska_Department_of_Education_&_Early_Development
Recorder of Deeds James Allyn Venema, cardboard sign manufacturer, anti-desegregation busing activist, president of the Positive Action Committee and the National
1978 United States Senate election in Delaware
1978_United_States_Senate_election_in_Delaware
Racial separation in schools
v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education furthered desegregation efforts by upholding busing as constitutional, but the ruling had no effect on the
School segregation in the United States
School_segregation_in_the_United_States
National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) project (US)
desegregation. In fact the question asked only about existing conditions, not remedies, and in any case the 1954 decision did not order desegregation
National Assessment of Educational Progress
National_Assessment_of_Educational_Progress
Annual parade event in Dedham, Massachusetts
Commission unanimously refused to allow an anti-busing float during the nearby Boston desegregation busing crisis. In 1971, after Arthur "Mr. Wake Up America"
Flag_Day_Parade
Standardized test
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
California High School Exit Exam
California_High_School_Exit_Exam
American political action committee
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Democrats for Education Reform
Democrats_for_Education_Reform
Overview of the world's for-profit universities and colleges
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
List of for-profit universities and colleges
List_of_for-profit_universities_and_colleges
expressed concerns that the desegregation suit could lead to forced merger of school districts, forced desegregation busing, and forced lottery systems
Latino Action Network v. New Jersey
Latino_Action_Network_v._New_Jersey
Court case in the United States of America
Angeles Board of Education over its policy of desegregation busing of students in order to fulfill the desegregation ordered by the California Supreme Court
Bustop, Inc. v. Los Angeles Bd. of Ed.
Bustop,_Inc._v._Los_Angeles_Bd._of_Ed.
City in Florida, United States
6, 1970, in an attempt to stop Manatee County School District's desegregation busing. When he arrived he suspended the district superintendent along with
Bradenton,_Florida
United States savings program for educational expenses
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
529_plan
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Vocational education in the United States
Vocational_education_in_the_United_States
American politician
O'Neil was a fierce opponent of court-mandated desegregation busing during the Boston desegregation busing crisis. In 2015, journalist Michael Jonas of
Dapper_O'Neil
County in Florida, United States
board and appointed himself in their place in an attempt to end desegregation busing. This situation would last from April 6 to 13 before Kirk left his
Manatee_County,_Florida
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Lists of schools in the United States
Lists_of_schools_in_the_United_States
Center at University of California, Los Angeles
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Higher Education Research Institute
Higher_Education_Research_Institute
2002 United States education reform law; repealed 2015
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
No_Child_Left_Behind_Act
American restaurateur
and ownership." Lynch grew up in South Boston during the era of desegregation busing. She was the youngest of six children raised by a single mother.
Barbara_Lynch_(restaurateur)
California school district serving almost all of Los Angeles and surrounding areas
the nation." A desegregation busing plan was developed to be implemented in the 1978 school year. Two lawsuits to stop the enforced busing plan, both titled
Los Angeles Unified School District
Los_Angeles_Unified_School_District
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Academic ranks in the United States
Academic_ranks_in_the_United_States
American politician (1906–1975)
of 1965 and the Civil Rights Act of 1968. Although he did oppose desegregation busing, in 1971 he and Congressman Ray Roberts introduced a constitutional
Earle_Cabell
Institution which provides all or part of secondary education
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
High school in the United States
High_school_in_the_United_States
Accreditation organization for independent schools
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
National Association of Independent Schools
National_Association_of_Independent_Schools
More higher education reduces its value
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Credentialism and degree inflation
Credentialism_and_degree_inflation
2015 United States education reform law
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Every_Student_Succeeds_Act
Altercation at a 1991 rock concert in Missouri
the history of the United States (1980–present) 1980–1991 Boston desegregation busing crisis (1974–1988) 1980 Miami riots 1982 Overtown riot Cabbage Patch
Riverport_Riot
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Literacy_in_the_United_States
University accreditation organization in the USA
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Council for Higher Education Accreditation
Council_for_Higher_Education_Accreditation
Group of standardized tests by the College Board
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
College Level Examination Program
College_Level_Examination_Program
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
Primary education in the United States
Primary_education_in_the_United_States
U.S. federal government department
Charter schools Inequality Achievement gaps Racial achievement gap Desegregation busing Gender achievement gap Head Start School choice Racial diversity
United States Department of Education
United_States_Department_of_Education
DESEGREGATION BUSING
DESEGREGATION BUSING
DESEGREGATION BUSING
DESEGREGATION BUSING
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Garden or vinyard. Famous bearer: the name of a mountain in Isreal. The Carmelite order of...
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Wildcat Brook
Boy/Male
British, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Best
Boy/Male
British, English
Meadow with Coarse Grass
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Star
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Indian, Modern, Telugu
One with Knowledge
Boy/Male
English Arthurian Legend
Brave.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Incarnation of the human form to establish Dharma
Boy/Male
Indian
Lord of desires, Another name of Kama
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Grey-haired aged
DESEGREGATION BUSING
DESEGREGATION BUSING
DESEGREGATION BUSING
DESEGREGATION BUSING
DESEGREGATION BUSING
n.
Separation from a mass, and gathering about centers or into cavities at hand through cohesive attraction or the crystallizing process.
n.
The process of separation, or the condition of being separate, as of the molecules of a body.
n.
The act of segregating, or the state of being segregated; separation from others; a parting.