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Co-occurrence of two or more diseases
comorbidity and multimorbidity measures. The comorbidity–polypharmacy score (CPS) is a simple measure that consists of the sum of all known comorbid conditions
Comorbidity
Personality disorder involving orderliness
contentious. Some studies have found high comorbidity rates between the two disorders but others have shown little comorbidity. Both disorders may share outside
Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder
Obsessive–compulsive_personality_disorder
Personality disorder
dissociative identity disorder (disconnection from self or environment) The comorbidity rate of the previously listed disorders with ASPD is notably elevated
Antisocial personality disorder
Antisocial_personality_disorder
Medical index to predict mortality
Charlson comorbidity index have been presented, including the Charlson/Deyo, Charlson/Romano, Charlson/Manitoba, and Charlson/D'Hoores comorbidity indices
Charlson_Comorbidity_Index
Mental distress due to gender incongruence
been observed to disproportionately co-occur with gender dysphoria. Comorbidity with psychiatric diagnoses has been found in 62.7% of individuals with
Gender_dysphoria
Neurodevelopmental disorder involving motor and vocal tics
than in the general population are reported. A thorough evaluation for comorbidity is called for when symptoms and impairment warrant, and careful assessment
Tourette_syndrome
Measure of severity of comorbidities
mortality than CPS in older trauma patients. Comorbidity Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) Elixhauser Comorbidity Index Khanh, Linh Ngo; Helenowski, Irene
Comorbidity–polypharmacy score
Comorbidity–polypharmacy_score
Inability to resist the urge to steal
disorders do not demonstrate a strong relationship. Studies examining the comorbidity of OCD in subjects with kleptomania have inconsistent results, with some
Kleptomania
Personality construct
suggested that psychopathy may be comorbid with several other conditions than these, but limited work on comorbidity has been carried out. This may be
Psychopathy
Comorbidity measure
In medicine, the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index is a measure of overall severity of comorbidities, predicting hospital length of stay, hospital charges
Elixhauser_Comorbidity_Index
Mental disorder with psychotic symptoms
PMC 6023503. PMID 29587340. Dieset I, Andreassen O, Haukvik U (2016). "Somatic Comorbidity in Schizophrenia: Some Possible Biological Mechanisms Across the Life
Schizophrenia
Mental illness with multiple personality states
figures have been argued to be both overestimates and underestimates. Comorbidity with other psychiatric conditions is high. DID is diagnosed 6–9 times
Dissociative identity disorder
Dissociative_identity_disorder
Mood disorder
(June 1996). "Comorbidity of DSM-III-R major depressive disorder in the general population: results from the US National Comorbidity Survey". The British
Major_depressive_disorder
Maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience
during which the coexisting problems related to a comorbid PD are apparent. Moreover, comorbidity of a more enduring character (e.g., ADHD) can obscure
Personality_disorder
Disorder of depression and mood episodes
difficulties with impulse control. Anxiety disorders occur more frequently as a comorbidity in mixed bipolar episodes than in non-mixed bipolar depression or mania
Bipolar_disorder
Medical conditions more common in autistic people
communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. In medicine, comorbidity is the presence of one or more additional conditions co-occurring with
Conditions_comorbid_to_autism
Means by which a person dies by suicide
Anhedonia Animal loss Anxiety disorder Asperger syndrome Autism Conditions comorbid to autism Biology of depression Epigenetics of depression Causes of mental
Suicide_methods
Neurodevelopmental disorder
between the two disorders. Delayed sleep phase disorder is also a common comorbidity. Individuals with ADHD are at increased risk of substance use disorders
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder
Excessive focus on distressing physical symptoms
revealed a substantial frequency of comorbidity with depression and anxiety; however, other psychiatric comorbidities have often been overlooked. Major
Somatic_symptom_disorder
Developmental disorder
psychological disorders. In this way, there seems to be reciprocal effects of comorbidity with certain disorders, leading to increased overall risk for these youth
Conduct_disorder
Anxiety disorder associated with social situations
Avoidant personality disorder is likewise highly correlated with SAD, with comorbidity rates ranging from 25% to 89%. To try to reduce their anxiety and alleviate
Social_anxiety_disorder
Mental disorder involving hostility and defiance
symptoms. The effects of ODD can be amplified by other disorders in comorbidity such as ADHD, depression, and substance use disorders. This intricate
Oppositional_defiant_disorder
Mental disorder involving eccentricity and social isolation in afflicted individuals
SP, Huang B, et al. (2009). "Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV schizotypal personality disorder: results from the wave 2 national
Schizotypal personality disorder
Schizotypal_personality_disorder
Founder of Islam (c. 570–632)
be ordinary Medinan fever, with death requiring a dangerous level of comorbidity, restrains his speculation to physical and mental fatigue. Muhammad was
Muhammad
First large-scale field survey of mental health in the United States
(2000). "National Comorbidity Survey: Baseline, 1990-1992". ICPSR Data Holdings. doi:10.3886/ICPSR06693.v6. "National Comorbidity Survey". www.hcp.med
National_Comorbidity_Survey
Personality disorder
the latest edition. There is no standard treatment for NPD. Its high comorbidity with other mental disorders influences treatment and outcomes. Psychotherapeutic
Narcissistic personality disorder
Narcissistic_personality_disorder
Functional gastrointestinal disorder
Whitehead WE, Palsson O, Jones KR (April 2002). "Systematic review of the comorbidity of irritable bowel syndrome with other disorders: what are the causes
Irritable_bowel_syndrome
Personality disorder
Lifetime comorbid conditions are prevalent among individuals diagnosed with BPD. Individuals with BPD exhibit higher rates of comorbidity compared to
Borderline personality disorder
Borderline_personality_disorder
Obsolete diagnostic class of autism
have a connection with tics, and studies have reported a consistent comorbidity between AS and Tourette syndrome in the range of 8–20%, with one figure
Asperger_syndrome
Chronic multi-symptomatic pain disorder
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Fibromyalgia has been reported to occur as a comorbidity in 20–30% of individuals with rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid
Fibromyalgia
Former personality disorder involving sadism
disorder from the other personality disorders due to high levels of comorbidity, hence another reason why it was eventually removed. According to the
Sadistic_personality_disorder
Model of anxiety and depression
eliminate the complications that occur with comorbidity. According to Clark, depressed patients have a comorbidity rate of 57% for any anxiety disorder. Other
Tripartite Model of Anxiety and Depression
Tripartite_Model_of_Anxiety_and_Depression
Mental disorder
specificity at 92.5% (7.5% false positives). BDD is also comorbid with eating disorders, up to 12% comorbidity in one study. Both eating and body dysmorphic disorders
Body_dysmorphic_disorder
Visual impairment
migraine due to having more severe symptoms. In contrast to migraine, comorbidity of typical migraine aura does not appear to worsen symptoms. Astigmatism
Visual_snow_syndrome
Personality disorder involving depression
in a lifetime. A high comorbidity rate with these disorders is expected of many diagnoses. As for the extremely high comorbidity rate with mood disorders
Depressive personality disorder
Depressive_personality_disorder
Trait associated with some mental disorders
Israel. Maladaptive daydreaming has been identified to potentially have comorbidity with a number of already existing recognized mental disorders such as
Maladaptive_daydreaming
Personality disorder involving extreme asociality
the criteria for SzPD, the highest comorbidity out of any personality disorder in the sample (the other comorbidities were 19% for obsessive–compulsive
Schizoid_personality_disorder
Domesticated species of canid
inattention share similar demographic risk factors and behavioural comorbidities with human ADHD". Translational Psychiatry. 11 (1): 501. doi:10
Dog
Psychological pattern
Revision (ICD-11). Thus, clinicians lack information on the prevalence, comorbidities, and best practices for assessing and treating impostor syndrome. However
Impostor_syndrome
Neurodevelopmental disorder
mild ID found that 64.9% also had ADHD, the most common psychiatric comorbidity by a factor of almost 3. Children with ADHD and mild ID are also more
Mild_intellectual_disability
Medical condition
of comorbidity between disorders in categorical models such as the DSM and ICD have led some to propose dimensional models. Studying comorbidity between
Mental_disorder
Nonspecific long-lasting anxiety
Walters EE (2005). "Prevalence, Severity, and Comorbidity of 12-Month DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication". Archives of General
Generalized_anxiety_disorder
Personality disorder involving excessive emotionality and attention-seeking
prevalence to fall within the range of 10–15%. There is a high rate of comorbidity between HPD and other personality disorders; this applies especially
Histrionic personality disorder
Histrionic_personality_disorder
Diagnostic category in the ICD-10
causes of anxiety and depression are often similar to one another and the comorbidity of the two disorders is quite high, with 60% of those with depression
Mixed anxiety–depressive disorder
Mixed_anxiety–depressive_disorder
Chronic lung condition
emphysema is the only type associated with smoking. Osteoporosis is often a comorbidity of emphysema. The use of systemic corticosteroids for treating exacerbations
Emphysema
Personality disorder
provided that the requirements for diagnosis are met for all of them (see § Comorbidity). Specific features may indicate which diagnosis of several is the most
Avoidant_personality_disorder
Mental disorder involving sexual arousal from enduring pain, suffering, or humiliation
sexual masochism disorder. Other paraphilic disorders are found to be comorbid with sexual masochism disorder in treatment settings. A small study of
Sexual_masochism_disorder
American author and journalist (1899–1961)
hypothesis on Hemingway's symptoms consistent with DLB, such as the various comorbidities, and most particularly the delusions, which surfaced as early as the
Ernest_Hemingway
Medical diagnostic method
were used in two important studies, the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) and National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) which are often used as
World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview
World_Health_Organization_Composite_International_Diagnostic_Interview
Rare condition of the subcutaneous fat
eyelids. Comorbidities frequently involve the endocrine systems, with hypercholesterinemia and hypothyroidism being the most common. Other comorbidities include
Benign_symmetric_lipomatosis
Disorders of nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
Small fiber peripheral neuropathy is a type of peripheral neuropathy that results from damage to the small unmyelinated and myelinated peripheral nerve
Small_fiber_neuropathy
Pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2
PMID 32044814. Wang T, Du Z, Zhu F, Cao Z, An Y, Gao Y, et al. (March 2020). "Comorbidities and multi-organ injuries in the treatment of COVID-19". Lancet. 395
COVID-19_pandemic
Withdrawal symptoms of caffeine
Caffeine withdrawal is a set of symptoms, behaviors, and physiological changes that can occur when an individual significantly reduces or stops consuming
Caffeine_withdrawal
Rare neurodegenerative disease
ALS; alternatively, ALS in the elderly might go undiagnosed because of comorbidities (other diseases they have), difficulty seeing a neurologist, or dying
ALS
Mental disorder characterized by anger
The disorder itself is not easily characterized and often exhibits comorbidity with other mood disorders, particularly bipolar disorder. Individuals
Intermittent explosive disorder
Intermittent_explosive_disorder
Mental disorder
can persist beyond detoxification. In general, though, examining the comorbidity of SUDs in DMDD is important as it may be linked to self-medication for
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Disruptive_mood_dysregulation_disorder
Processes of treatment for drug dependency
that can be caused.[citation needed] Treatment includes medication for comorbidities, counseling by experts, and sharing of experience with other recovering
Drug_rehabilitation
Medical classification model
in symptomatic profile, demographics, family history, neurobiology, comorbidity, clinical course and response to various pharmacotherapies. Conditions
Obsessive–compulsive_spectrum
Medical condition
E.; Pohl, D. (2020). "4H leukodystrophy- Mild clinical phenotype and comorbidity with multiple sclerosis". Neurology. Genetics. 6 (2): e409. doi:10.1212/NXG
POLR3-related_leukodystrophy
Dimensional–categorical hybrid model of personality disorders
personality disorders – such as heterogeneous PD categories, excessive comorbidity, arbitrary thresholds and insufficient diagnostic precision – the AMPD
Alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders
Alternative_DSM-5_model_for_personality_disorders
Historical autism classification
exception of intellectual disabilities, which were not part of HFA, comorbidities found in HFA populations reflected those found in autism. Between 40
High-functioning_autism
Type of attention disorder
work accuracy, while ADHD impairs productivity. CDS can also occur as a comorbidity with ADHD in some people, leading to substantially higher impairment
Cognitive disengagement syndrome
Cognitive_disengagement_syndrome
Behavioral disorders
have homotypic comorbidity, whereas individuals who have co-occurring externalizing and internalizing disorders have heterotypic comorbidity. It is not uncommon
Externalizing_disorder
Loss of blood, possibly causing death
hospitalization, especially if trauma, a vein or artery, or another comorbidity is involved. Exsanguination is used as a slaughter method. Before the
Exsanguination
Cognitive disorder of face perception
February 2022). "Is It Just Face Blindness? Exploring Developmental Comorbidity in Individuals with Self-Reported Developmental Prosopagnosia". Brain
Prosopagnosia
Group of genetic connective tissues disorders
gastrointestinal complaints, particularly for patients who have a known, comorbid autonomic condition. Dysautonomia symptoms, autonomic system dysfunction
Ehlers–Danlos_syndrome
Medical condition
diabetes and renal disease), peripheral neuropathy, and psychiatric comorbidities (anxiety and depression), effective clinical management requires simultaneous
Prurigo_nodularis
Central nervous system stimulant
(Koyuncu et al., 2017). Koyuncu A, İnce E, Ertekin E, Tükel R (2019). "Comorbidity in social anxiety disorder: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges". Drugs
Methylphenidate
Neurodegenerative disease caused by head injury
frequently found in advanced CTE cases. Patients with both conditions (comorbid ALS and CTE) often experience a more severe clinical course, including
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Chronic_traumatic_encephalopathy
Autoimmune disease causing hives and itching
common among patients, with an overall prevalence of any psychiatric comorbidity estimated at 31.6%. Sleep–wake disorders (especially hypersomnia), mood
Autoimmune_urticaria
classification of deaths. For instance, countries with higher prevalence of comorbidities such as diabetes, obesity, or cardiovascular disease often experienced
COVID-19 pandemic death rates by country
COVID-19_pandemic_death_rates_by_country
Anhedonia Animal loss Anxiety disorder Asperger syndrome Autism Conditions comorbid to autism Biology of depression Epigenetics of depression Causes of mental
List of suicides (2000–present)
List_of_suicides_(2000–present)
SSRI antidepressant
may be explained by the types of psychological traumas, symptoms, and comorbidities included in the various studies. Positive results were obtained in trials
Sertraline
Condition involving social and behavioral differences
rate than in the rest of the population. This may be referred to as comorbidity, and may increase with age, causing difficulties for youth on the autism
Autism
English philosopher and writer
Autistic masking Communication Shutdown Community integration Conditions comorbid to autism Controversies in autism Deinstitutionalisation Disability-selective
Robert_Chapman_(philosopher)
Bipolar spectrum disorder
between BP-I and BP-II have been identified in their clinical features, comorbidity rates and family histories. During depressive episodes, BP-II patients
Bipolar_II_disorder
Large, rapid changes in mood or affect
increased impairment and may be a sign of internalizing problems or multiple comorbid disorders. Children who are neglected are more likely to experience emotional
Emotional_lability
Highly focused interests most common in autistic people
Special interests Stimming Sensory overload Suicide among people with autism Comorbid conditions Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Avoidant/restrictive
Special_interest_(autism)
Chronic sleep disorder
DSPD and states that there may be behaviorally-mediated mechanisms for comorbidity between DSPD and depression. For example, the lateness of DSPD cases
Delayed_sleep_phase_disorder
Sudden periods of intense fear
Panic attacks function as a marker for assessing severity, course, and comorbidity (the simultaneous presence of two or more diagnoses) of different disorders
Panic_attack
Neurological disorder related to persistent cocaine use
January 2009). "Association of psychiatric and substance use disorder comorbidity with cocaine dependence severity and treatment utilization in cocaine-dependent
Cocaine_dependence
Mental disorder associated with trauma
PMID 23286319. Scheeringa MS (August 2015). "Untangling Psychiatric Comorbidity in Young Children Who Experienced Single, Repeated, or Hurricane Katrina
Complex post-traumatic stress disorder
Complex_post-traumatic_stress_disorder
Group of neurological disorders causing seizures
Salzberg MR, Roberts H, Trauer T, D'Souza WJ (August 2009). "Psychiatric comorbidity and impact on health service utilization in a community sample of patients
Epilepsy
Contagious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2
people had at least one comorbidity with the average person having 3.4 diseases. According to this report the most common comorbidities are hypertension (66%
COVID-19
Psychological assessment tool
encountered childhood-onset disorder in neurodevelopment, there is also a high comorbidity rate linking ADHD with other behavioral, emotional and learning problems
Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale
Vanderbilt_ADHD_Diagnostic_Rating_Scale
Behavioral pattern
006. PMID 18684434. Frost RO, Steketee G, Tolin DF (October 2011). "Comorbidity in hoarding disorder". Depression and Anxiety. 28 (10): 876–884. doi:10
Hoarding_disorder
Intentional act causing one's own death
Anhedonia Animal loss Anxiety disorder Asperger syndrome Autism Conditions comorbid to autism Biology of depression Epigenetics of depression Causes of mental
Suicide
Long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs
system. Comorbid medical conditions are more common in severe asthma and can affect the disease severity, symptoms and treatment. Common comorbid conditions
Asthma
Personality disorder involving excess dependence on others
found to be problematic due to reasons such as excessive diagnostic comorbidity, inadequate coverage, arbitrary boundaries with normal psychological
Dependent personality disorder
Dependent_personality_disorder
Medical condition
Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) is a condition that results in the partial inability of the cell to respond to androgens. It is an X linked
Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome
Partial_androgen_insensitivity_syndrome
Sexual attraction to prepubescent children
While not causes of pedophilia themselves, childhood abuse by adults or comorbid psychiatric illnesses—such as personality disorders and substance abuse—are
Pedophilia
2012 mass shooting in Connecticut, US
Advocate said "video game and internet addiction appear to be 'highly comorbid with several other psychiatric disorders' including anxiety, depression
Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting
Sandy_Hook_Elementary_School_shooting
American pastor and activist
BridgeDetroit. Retrieved November 10, 2025. Gambling Disorder in the Midst of Comorbidity. The Ninth Annual Problem Gambling Symposium. Novi, MI: Michigan Department
Horace_Sheffield_III
Antidepressant medication
and Cognitive Function in Arteriosclerotic Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Comorbid With Chronic Insomnia". Frontiers in Psychiatry. 11 620. doi:10.3389/fpsyt
Trazodone
Time between infection and the onset of disease symptoms
Horizontal gene transfer Multidrug-resistant bacteria Host tropism Host Burn Comorbidity Diabetes Host–pathogen interaction Immune response Immunodeficiency Immunosuppression
Incubation_period
Psychological disorder of morality
mental energy cost of obsessions and compulsions can lead to increased comorbidity, especially depressive and other anxiety disorders. People with scrupulosity
Scrupulosity
Ritualistic suicide by disembowelment
Anhedonia Animal loss Anxiety disorder Asperger syndrome Autism Conditions comorbid to autism Biology of depression Epigenetics of depression Causes of mental
Seppuku
Managing symptoms of Tourette syndrome
behavior in children with Tourette's syndrome: association with ADHD comorbidity, tic severity, and functional impairment". Journal of the American Academy
Management of Tourette syndrome
Management_of_Tourette_syndrome
Harmful repetitive gambling
fear mechanisms. Problem gambling is an addictive behavior with a high comorbidity with alcohol problems. A common tendency shared by people who have a
Problem_gambling
Medical condition
Morvan's syndrome (also known as Morvan's fibrillary chorea or fibrillary chorea, abbreviated as MoS) is a rare, life-threatening autoimmune disease named
Morvan's_syndrome
COMORBIDITY
COMORBIDITY
COMORBIDITY
COMORBIDITY
Boy/Male
Arabic
Sympathetic.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Fire; Love; Time
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Win
Boy/Male
Indian
Two worlds, World and hereafter
Girl/Female
British, English
Warm
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Mother Land; Earth
Boy/Male
Arabic
Victory
Girl/Female
Muslim
This was the name of a very
Male
English
Old pet form of English Walter, WAT means "ruler of the army."
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Sesonal
COMORBIDITY
COMORBIDITY
COMORBIDITY
COMORBIDITY
COMORBIDITY