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Type of cells in sponges
Pinacocyte Choanocyte Lophocyte Porocyte Oocyte Archeocyte Sclerocyte Spicule Water flow Choanocytes (also known as "collar
Choanocyte
Animals of the phylum Porifera
lined with choanocytes, cells with whip-like flagella. However, a few carnivorous sponges have lost these water flow systems and the choanocytes. All known
Sponge
Species of sponge
plankton, with an osculum as the opening which water leaves through, and choanocytes trap food particles. This species is frequently colonized by Umimayanthus
Callyspongia_aculeata
Group of eukaryotes considered the closest living relatives of animals
trophic levels. Choanoflagellates bear morphological similarities to the choanocyte, a type of cell in sponges. As the closest living relatives of animals
Choanoflagellate
Basal animal clade as a sister group of the Porifera
and some morphological characteristics, like the common presence of choanocytes, now unanimously support a common origin. Traditionally, eumetazoans
Eumetazoa
Species of sponge
lack true tissues. They have two cell layers: the pinacoderm and the choanocyte layer. The pinacoderm layer is the epidermal layer that consists of pinacocyte
Cliona_celata
amoebocytes as well as other sponge cells including the phylum specific choanocyte. These cells move within the walls of a sponge and form spicules. Tschinkel;
Archaeocyte
Species of sponge
possesses a variety of cell types, including choanocytes, pinacocytes, archaeocytes, and neuroid cells. Choanocytes are flagellated cells responsible for water
Spongilla_lacustris
Species of sponge
distinguished from the rather similar Sycon raphanus by the fact that the choanocyte chambers are not fused but are free from each other. Sycon ciliatum is
Sycon_ciliatum
Group of protists with at least one whip-like appendage
myxogastrids Opisthokonta: most metazoans (male gametes, epithelia and choanocytes), chytrid fungi (zoospores and gametes) Excavata: some acrasids (Pocheina
Flagellate
structure. Regardless of body plan or class, the spongocoel is lined with choanocytes, which have flagella that push water through the spongocoel, creating
Spongocoel
Eukaryotes other than animals, plants or fungi
architecture of cell differentiation in choanoflagellates and sponge choanocytes". PLOS Biology. 17 (4) e3000226. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000226. ISSN 1545-7885
Protist
Hypothetical last common ancestor of all animals
choanoflagellates, collared flagellates whose cell morphology is similar to the choanocyte cells of certain sponges. Molecular studies place animals in a supergroup
Urmetazoan
Cellular body type
known as archaeocytes, capable of transforming into the feeding cells or choanocytes. Amoeboid stages also occur in the multicellular fungus-like protists
Amoeba
Class of sponges with siliceous spicules
that transport nuclei, organelles, and other substances. Instead of choanocytes, these bridges have further syncytia, known as choanosyncytia, which
Hexactinellid
Origin and subsequent variation and development of neurons and neural tissues and organs
discovery of "neuroid" cells specialized in coordination of digestive choanocytes in Spongilla, the origin of neurons in the phylogenetic tree of life
Evolution_of_nervous_systems
Class of sponges
Carboniferous, Nevada. Spermatocytes develop from the transformation of choanocytes and oocytes arise from archeocytes. Repeated cleavage of the zygote egg
Demosponge
Process by which gases diffuse through a biological membrane
water is subsequently circulated through the sponge by cells called choanocytes which have hair-like structures that move the water through the sponge
Gas_exchange
Species of sponge
resembles Sycon ciliatum but can be distinguished by the fact that the choanocyte chambers are fused. Sycon raphanus is found along the western fringes
Sycon_raphanus
Order of calcareous sponges
based on an increasingly complex skeletal system and compartmentalized choanocytes. A few sources (such as the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, 2004)
Leucosolenida
Species of amoeba
Choanoflagellata. The kinetid structure of Ministeria is similar to that of the choanocytes of the most deep-branching sponges, differing essentially from the kinetid
Ministeria_vibrans
Phylum of aquatic animals
adhaerens evolved by reduction of the collars in the collar cells (choanocytes) of sponges as the hypothesized ancestors of the Placozoa abandoned a
Placozoa
Cellular appendage functioning as locomotive or sensory organelle
found either in specialized cells of multicellular organisms (e.g., the choanocytes of sponges, or the ciliated epithelia of metazoans), as in ciliates and
Flagellum
Order of marine sponges
leuconoid type organization with either a eurypylous, diplodal or aphodal choanocyte chambers. In some areas, Homosclerophorid sponges can dominate an area
Homosclerophorida
Type of cell layer found in sponges
choanoderm is a type of cell layer composed of flagellated collar cells, or choanocytes, found in sponges. The sponge body is mostly a connective tissue; the
Choanoderm
Species of sponge
water through small pores called ostia, filters out particles in the choanocyte tissue, then moves the water through the spongocoel or central cavity
Amphimedon_compressa
Biological concepts and questions with insufficient resolutions
of early animals? Eocyathispongia: is it an early sponge? Did it have choanocytes? Vernanimalcula guizhouena: is this fossil organism an early bilaterian
List of unsolved problems in biology
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_biology
Family of sponges
Members of the family are characterised by having long tubular, branched choanocyte chambers; they have no spicules which makes it difficult to determine
Halisarcidae
Species of sponge
to the smooth, slightly slimy surface. This sponge has long tubular, choanocyte chambers, which are sometimes branched, and no spicules. The oscula are
Halisarca_caerulea
Subclass of calcareous sponges
regular. In ontogeny the first spicules to be secreted are diactines. Choanocytes are apinucleate. Calcaronea have amphiblastula larvae World Register
Calcaronea
2004 book on evolution by Richard Dawkins & Yan Wong
temporary colonies from a free-living unicellular stage. Sponges have choanocytes, cells that resemble single-celled choanoflagellates, providing an indication
The_Ancestor's_Tale
Type of structure within a sponge
sponge, supported on the choanoskeleton, the structure that contains the choanocytes. Choanoderm Boury-Esnault, Nicole; De Vos, Louis; Donadey, Claude; Vacelet
Choanosome
Chemical compound
entering the cytosol where it would damage actin. After production in the choanocytes, the latrunculin is transferred via the archeocytes to the vulnerable
Latrunculin
Species of sponge
spongocoel) through ostia (small pores created by porocytes). Flagellated choanocytes line the inner chamber and help generate water currents through the sponge
Xestospongia_testudinaria
Species of sponge
a few sponge cells. It was calculated that the sponge itself (canals, choanocyte chambers and cells) represents only 5% of its total volume, the rest being
Geodia_barretti
Organelle used in regulating osmosis
in several types of cells in sponges (amoebocytes, pinacocytes, and choanocytes). The number of contractile vacuoles per cell varies, depending on the
Contractile_vacuole
Genus of sponges
their relatives, Chondrocladia still possesses the water flow system and choanocytes typical of sponges, albeit highly modified to inflate balloon-like structures
Chondrocladia
extending from the pinacoderm to the choanoderm (the body layer containing choanocytes). Charles F. Lytle; John R. Meyer (2005). General Zoology Laboratory
Pinacoderm
Species of sponge
cells known as pinacocytes. The inner part is formed by cells called choanocytes, equipped with a flagellum. These cells have a dual function: ingesting
Haliclona_caerulea
Species of opisthokont eukaryote
can also be seen in sponges. They also have collar cells (also called choanocytes due to their similarities to choanoflagellates) and amoeboid cells arranged
Salpingoeca_rosetta
Extinct genus of sponge-like animals
crown group have a specific type of cell in their inner wall called choanocytes, which are believed to be inherited from the choanoflagellate ancestor
Eocyathispongia
Genus of sponges
Australia. Species have a simple tubular body with a large atrium, and choanocyte chambers which are either elongated, spherical or both. The following
Leucettusa
Species of sponge
of the class Demospongiae. This species is made up of archeocytes and choanocytes, which act as the stem cells to the sponge. Suberites domuncula are able
Suberites_domuncula
Species of sponge
flagellated cells called choanocytes which move the water along. The bacteria-size food particles are engulfed by the choanocytes and slightly larger particles
Neofibularia_nolitangere
Species of sponge
symbiotic bacteria, and various cell-types, including undifferentiated cells. Choanocyte chamber and canals are absent in this species, which is also seen in other
Lycopodina_hypogea
Species of sponge
Demospongiae. It is a filter feeder which pumps water through with its choanocytes collecting small particles to consume. This sponge family has a POC diet
Aiolochroia_crassa
Species of sponge
Porifera and is defined by its filter-feeding lifestyle and flagellated choanocytes, or collar cells, that allow for water movement and feeding. It is a
Callyspongia_truncata
Species of sponge
irregular fully-formed shape. T. crypta are filter feeders, utilizing their choanocytes to generate an inward current and pulling in their nutrients. The course
Tectitethya_crypta
Genus of sponges
asconoid. The inner structure of this animal is covered by a layer of choanocytes. These sponges are anchored to the seafloor by thousands of spicules
Euplectella
Breakdown of substances in a cell
intracellular digestion, such as organisms of phylum Porifera. They use choanocytes (collar cells) to trap food particles from water. Anderson, O. Roger
Intracellular_digestion
Structure and development of early multicellular organisms
can also be seen in sponges. They also have collar cells (also called choanocytes due to their similarities to choanoflagellates) and amoeboid cells arranged
Precambrian_body_plans
Genus of sponges
present in the mesohyl, as are embryos, which are always found near choanocytes. The cells with yellow granules are distributed homogeneously, throughout
Arturia_(sponge)
Glass sponge
the cells that form the outer layer in other sponges. Instead of true choanocytes it has frill structures that bud from the syncytium. The Oopsacas minuta
Oopsacas_minuta
Species of calcareous sponge
In the centre of each fold there is a large tube (pseudoatrium), with choanocytes, surrounded by thinner tubes. Covering the external tubes, there are
Ascaltis_gardineri
Genus of sponges
or vase-like. This genus exhibits the leuconoid form, containing its choanocytes in a series of unlinked chambers. In terms of their visible-to-the-naked-eye
Bolosoma
Genus of protists
water flow by rapid flagellar beating, resembling choanoflagellates or choanocytes from sponges. Floating cells move downwards to transform into amoeboflagellates
Syssomonas
Genus of choanoflagellates
du Choanoflagellé Salpingoeca pelagica, sp. nov. comparaison avec les choanocytes des Spongiaires. M Laval, 1971 Cell differentiation and morphogenesis
Salpingoeca
Species of sponge
demosponge: gastrulation and transdifferentiation of larval ciliated cells to choanocytes". Invertebrate Biology. 121 (3): 171–189. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7410.2002
Amphimedon_queenslandica
Order of sponges
lack a true dermal membrane or cortex. The spongocoel is lined with choanocytes. One of the most famous species of Clathrinida is lemon sponge, featuring
Clathrinida
Species of sponge
near the base called ostia. These are lined by flagellated cells called choanocytes. The food particles are engulfed by these and the water exits through
Agelas_schmidtii
Species of sponge
present in the mesohyl, as are embryos, which are always found near choanocytes. The cells with yellow granules are distributed homogeneously, throughout
Arturia_dubia
Species of sponge
waste products are carried away. The food-capturing cells are called choanocytes and have flagella which beat synchronously, creating a current which
Homaxinella_balfourensis
Species of sponge
mesohyl and the water movement occurs through flagellated cells called choanocytes. A. argyrosperma have siliceous spicules and collagen fibers to give
Anheteromeyenia_argyrosperma
CHOANOCYTE
CHOANOCYTE
CHOANOCYTE
CHOANOCYTE
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Opens.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
God of Gods
Boy/Male
Arabic
Happy; Pleased
Boy/Male
Hindu
Rising, Shining
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Grace Favour
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sanskrit
Beautiful Woman
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
A Flower; Delicate; Soft; Slender
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada
Victory of Moon
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Friend of King
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada
Inside
CHOANOCYTE
CHOANOCYTE
CHOANOCYTE
CHOANOCYTE
CHOANOCYTE