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Enslaved female concubines in the Islamic world
Cariye (Arabic: جارية, "Jariya") was a title and term used for category of enslaved women concubines in the Islamic world of the Middle East. They are
Cariye
Harem of the Ottoman Sultan
age to enter the harem. Some cariyes arrived as children, while others entered at a later age. After 1854, almost all cariyes were of Circassian origin.
Ottoman_Imperial_Harem
Name given to an enslaved person
Harem during the era of slavery in the Ottoman Empire, for example, the new cariye slave girls and concubines (sex slaves) were upon arrival customarily converted
Slave_name
Turkish actress
Title Role Year Channel Muhteşem Yüzyıl Cariye 2013-2014 Star TV Yasak Esma 2014 atv Beyaz Yalan Nesrin 2015 Show TV Kırgın Çiçekler Eylül Acar Göktürk
Biran_Damla_Yılmaz
Overview of the imperial court of the Ottoman Empire
or "in the Eye," having done just that: caught the eye of the Sultan. Cariye: These were the women who served the Valide Sultan, Ikbal's, Kadin's and
Ottoman_court
Continent
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
South_America
Islamic law
A "cariye" or Ottoman concubine, painting by Gustav Richter (1823–1884)
Sharia
Palace museum in Istanbul, Turkey
Concubines is the Courtyard of the Queen Mother. The Passage of Concubines (Cariye Koridoru) leads into the Courtyard of the Sultan's Chief Consorts and Concubines
Topkapı_Palace
Form of child sexual abuse in Central Asia
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Bacha_bazi
Character in Alex Haley's ''Roots''
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Kunta_Kinte
Period after American Civil War (1865–1877)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Reconstruction_era
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slave trade in the Mongol Empire
Slave_trade_in_the_Mongol_Empire
State of living together as spouses while unmarried
A "cariye" or Ottoman concubine, painting by Gustav Richter (1823–1884)
Concubinage
Enslavement of people of European descent
also encompassed many forms of slavery, including the European concubines (Cariye) often found in Turkish harem. In the Muslim world, sexual slavery was legitimate
White_slavery
Spanish labour system in its colonies
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Encomienda
slave trade Black Sea slave trade Slaves freed by Abu Bakr Anjasha al-Hadi Cariye Unenslavability extended to non-Muslims living under Muslim rule. There
Islamic_views_on_slavery
African-American abolitionist (1822–1913)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Harriet_Tubman
Female personal assistant to a high-ranking noblewoman or royal
slave trade. When they entered the Harem, they were given the position of Cariye and were all formally available as concubines to the Sultan, but if they
Lady-in-waiting
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery_in_Hungary
Structure in Istanbul
Osmaniye used for the auctioning of female slaves, otherwise known as 'Cariye', which technically during the period had a completely different social
Forum_of_Arcadius
Honorific title
titles and appellations Hatun Haseki Sultan Ikbal (title) Valide Sultan Cariye Peirce 1993, p. 312 n. 73. Peirce 1993, pp. 118, 312 n. 73. Saz, Leylâ (1994)
Kadın_(title)
Refugee enslaved woman, enslaved by George and Martha Washington
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Ona_Judge
Historical figure, heroine on French Guadeloupe (c. 1772 – 1802)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
La_Mulâtresse_Solitude
African-American plaintiff in freedom suit (c. 1799–1858)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Dred_Scott
1987 novel by Toni Morrison
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Beloved_(novel)
Consensual or punitive unpaid labor
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Indentured_servitude
Turkish actress
11 July 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2020. "Şehzadeleri Birbirine Düşüren Cariye Meleksima". Haberler. 21 April 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2020. "Kalbimin
Beste_Kökdemir
Overview of the Ottoman Empire's governmental and societal structure
were the concubines of other court officials. Pupils (acemî) and novices (câriye or şâhgird) were younger women who were either waiting to be married off
Government of the classical Ottoman Empire
Government_of_the_classical_Ottoman_Empire
Trade among three ports or regions
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Triangular_trade
Whipping as a punishment
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Flagellation
Type of detention facility
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Labor_camp
Act of the United States Congress
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Fugitive_Slave_Act_of_1850
Historical division of United States by legality of slavery
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slave_states_and_free_states
Network for fugitive slaves in 19th-century U.S.
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Underground_Railroad
Slave trade between Africa and the West
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Atlantic_slave_trade
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery_in_Zanzibar
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery_in_the_United_States
Act of an enslaver freeing the persons they enslaved
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Manumission
Female slave or concubine in an Ottoman seraglio
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Odalisque
Dutch chartered company (1621–1792)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Dutch_West_India_Company
President and emperor of Haiti (1782–1867)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Faustin_Soulouque
Term for a female slave in the medieval Islamic world
literature and history, such as Al-Khayzuran, Alam al-Malika, and Hababah. Cariye Qiyan Balafrej, Lamia (19 December 2022). "Automated Slaves, Ambivalent
Jarya
A "cariye" or imperial concubine, painting by Gustav Richter (1823–1884)
Slavery_in_the_Ottoman_Empire
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery_in_Jordan
Former legal doctrine of slavery by birth
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Partus_sequitur_ventrem
Ottoman palace
sultan (queen mother), the four sultan wives, the şehzade (princes), the cariye (odalisque), the officers and guards, an infirmary and a reception hall
Edirne_Palace
Ottoman imperial title
both kinds of high level harem career. They also appeared in the list of cariyes, which did not include the sultan's kadıns, or the ketkhüda kadın, or daye
Ikbal_(title)
Ownership of people as property
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery
Slavery with the intention of using the slaves for sex
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Sexual_slavery
1999 film
Serra Yılmaz as Gulfidan Haluk Bilginer as Abdulhamit Pelin Batu as Cerkez Cariye Nilufer Acikalin as Selma (as Nilüfer Açikalin) Ayla Algan as Valide Meriç
Harem_Suare
men, and usually served in the domestic sphere as menials, concubines (cariye), or wives. Domestic and commercial slaves were mostly better off than their
Slavery_in_medieval_Europe
Purported 1712 speech, a hoax
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
William_Lynch_speech
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate
Slavery_in_the_Umayyad_Caliphate
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Genoese_slave_trade
Free-born African American kidnapped by slave-traders
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Solomon_Northup
1865 amendment abolishing slavery
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
2016 American documentary film
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
13th_(film)
Attempt to redistribute land during the US Civil War
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Forty_acres_and_a_mule
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery_in_Afghanistan
Slave of George Washington (1740–1800)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Harry_Washington
1857 U.S. Supreme Court case on the citizenship of African-Americans
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Dred_Scott_v._Sandford
Type of corporal punishment
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Figging
American abolitionist (1818–1895)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Frederick_Douglass
American slave, later abolitionist speaker and showman
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Henry_Box_Brown
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Human_trafficking_in_Dubai
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery_in_Korea
1661 slave law in English colony of Barbados
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Barbados_Slave_Code
Social category
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Peonage
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
History_of_slavery
Kidnapping people to serve as sailors
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Shanghaiing
1993 American TV series or program
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Alex_Haley's_Queen
WWII-era forced prostitutes for Japan
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Comfort_women
Short-lived antebellum abolitionist newspaper
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
The Philanthropist (Cincinnati, Ohio)
The_Philanthropist_(Cincinnati,_Ohio)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery_in_Somalia
Being married without consenting
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Forced_marriage
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
Slavery_in_the_Abbasid_Caliphate
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery_in_Georgia_(country)
Paper by Frederick Douglass (1847–1851)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
The North Star (anti-slavery newspaper)
The_North_Star_(anti-slavery_newspaper)
Transoceanic segment of the Atlantic slave trade
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Middle_Passage
Movement to end slavery
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Abolitionism in the United Kingdom
Abolitionism_in_the_United_Kingdom
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery_in_ancient_Greece
Sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1072 to 1092
ISBN 978-1-134-56835-2. Lambton 1988, pp. 227. ORUÇ, Züriye (2022-06-15). "Câriye Kökenli Bir Selçuklu Hâtunu: Sultan Melikşah'ın Eşlerinden Tâceddîn Seferiyye
Malik-Shah_I
Turkish actress and model (born 1992)
Year Title Role Network 2011 Muhteşem Yüzyıl Cariye (guest) Show TV 2012 Eve Düşen Yıldırım Muazzez Emir'in Yolu Güneş Sancaktar 2013–2014 Benim Hala Umudum
Gizem_Karaca
9th-11th century enslavement of Slavic people between Central Europe and Islamic Iberia
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Prague_slave_trade
Offensive term for a labourer from Asia
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Coolie
Muslim perspectives on retaining concubines
A "cariye" or Ottoman concubine, painting by Gustav Richter (1823–1884)
Islamic_views_on_concubinage
1842 collection of poems by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Poems_on_Slavery
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Slavery in colonial Spanish America
Slavery_in_colonial_Spanish_America
Novel by Canadian writer Lawrence Hill
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
The_Book_of_Negroes_(novel)
Prostitution that takes place as a result of coercion by a third party
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Forced_prostitution
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom
Timeline_of_abolition_of_slavery_and_serfdom
West Indian slave
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Jonathan_Strong_(slave)
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Owen_Fitzpen
1861 autobiography by Harriet Jacobs
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
Incidents_in_the_Life_of_a_Slave_Girl
Person enslaved or sentenced to row in a galley
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Galley_slave
Women's quarters in the Mughal court
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Mughal_Harem
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
History of Trinidad and Tobago
History_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago
Trade of humans for exploitation
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Human_trafficking
Human trafficking and fraud enterprises
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
Scam_center
Abbasid harem Ottoman Imperial Harem Safavid imperial harem Qajar harem Jarya/Cariye Odalisque Qiyan Umm al-walad Circassian slave trade Contract of manumission
History of slavery in the Muslim world
History_of_slavery_in_the_Muslim_world
CARIYE
CARIYE
CARIYE
CARIYE
Female
Hebrew
(×§Ö·×¨Ö°× Ö´×™) Variant spelling of Hebrew unisex Karni, CARNI means "my horn," a symbol of strength.Â
Girl/Female
British, Indian
One who is in the Mind
Girl/Female
German
Universal strength. From the Old German 'ermin' meaning universal, and 'drudi' meaning strength.
Girl/Female
Australian, French, Latin
Dark; The Adriatic Sea Region; From Adria
Boy/Male
Indian
Lord Shiva
Girl/Female
Arabic
Narcissus; Arabian Jasmine
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
The Devotee or Consort of Lord Vishnu
Girl/Female
Indian
Girl/Female
French American
Feminine of Denis or Denys from the Greek name Dionysus.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Muslim, Punjabi, Sikh, Tamil, Telugu
To Rise; Appearance; Ascend; Rise; Sunrise
CARIYE
CARIYE
CARIYE
CARIYE
CARIYE