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Northeast Caucasian language
Botlikh (also spelled Botlix) is an Andic language of the Northeast Caucasian language family spoken by the Botlikhs in the villages of Botlikh (Buikhe)
Botlikh_language
Ethnic group of Dagestan, Russia
Russia declared themselves as Botlikhs (all of them in Dagestan), and 5,073 people declared speaking the Botlikh language. The number of speakers is higher
Botlikh_people
Northeast Caucasian language branch
Bagvalal language, Botlikh language, Chamalal language, Godoberi language, Karata language, Tindi language, and Avar language. All Avar–Andic languages are
Avar–Andic_languages
Language family
Andic languages Andi (Qwannab) (5,800) Akhvakh–Tindi Akhvakh (210 as of 2010) Karata–Tindi Karata (Kirdi) (260 as of 2010) Botlikh–Tindi Botlikh (210 as
Northeast_Caucasian_languages
Topics referred to by the same term
Botlikh or Botlix may refer to: Botlikh people, one of the people of the Republic of Dagestan, Russia Botlikh language, spoken by the Botlikh people Botlikh
Botlikh
Branch of the Northeast Caucasian language family
Karata–Tindi Karata (Kirdi) Botlikh–Tindi Botlikh Godoberi Chamalal Bagvalal–Tindi Bagvalal Tindi Schulze, Wolfgang (2009). "The Languages of the Caucasus" (PDF)
Andic_languages
required) Bosnian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) Botlikh at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) Breton at Ethnologue
Languages_of_Europe
Veps Tindi Karata Ludian Hunzib Bagvalal Botlikh Tsakhur Akhvakh Ghodoberi Archi Chamalal Judeo-Tat Sami languages Akkala Sami Kildin Sami Skolt Sami Ter
List_of_languages_of_Russia
Village in Dagestan, Russia
Chanko is a village in Botlikh district in Dagestan, Russia. It is located 6 km north of the Botlikh Village, on the left bank of the Chankovskaya river
Chanko_(village)
Language policy in the Soviet Union
Caucasian Languages Lak Khinalug Avar-Andic Avar Andic Andi (Qwannab) Akhvakh–Tindi Akhvakh Karata–Tindi Karata (Kirdi) Botlikh–Tindi Botlikh Godoberi
Languages_of_the_Soviet_Union
Official language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro Recognised Minority Language in: Albania , Kosovo , North Macedonia , and Serbia Botlikh – Буйхалъи
List_of_language_names
An endangered language is a language that is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native
List of endangered languages in Russia
List_of_endangered_languages_in_Russia
Northeast Caucasian language
Caucasian language belonging to the Avar–Andic branch spoken by about 5,800 ethnic Andi (2010) in the Botlikh region of Dagestan. The language is spoken
Andi_language
Northeast Caucasian language
village of Idar call their language Idarab mitstsi meaning 'the language of the Idar village'. It is only an oral language; Avar or Russian are used in
Tindi_language
Village in Dagestan, Russia
village in Botlikh district in Dagestan, Russia It is located 14 km northeast of the village Botlikh. The villagers speak the Andi language. In 1981, a
Gagatli
Northeast Caucasian language
compared to other Andic languages, Godoberi is most similar to Chamalal and Botlikh. Some words are borrowed from Avar, Turkish, and Arabic. After being incorporated
Godoberi_language
Rural locality in Dagestan, Russia
Botlikh (Russian: Ботлих, Botlikh: Болъихъ) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Botlikhsky District of the Republic of Dagestan
Botlikh_(rural_locality)
Village in Dagestan, Russia
Andi is a large village in the Botlikh region in Dagestan, Russia Located 14 km north-east of the village Botlikh. The villagers are Andis (censuses may
Andi,_Republic_of_Dagestan
Republic of Russia
account for less than 0.4% of the total population. Such groups as the Botlikh, the Andi, the Akhvakhs, the Tsez and about ten other groups were reclassified
Dagestan
Village in Dagestan, Russia
ГӀашали) is a small village in Botlikh district in Dagestan, Russia It is located 14 km northeast of the village Botlikh, on the left bank of the Unsatlen
Ashali
Northeast Caucasian ethnic group
meters above sea level. The Avar language spoken by the Caucasian Avars belongs to the family of Avar–Andic languages. Sunni Islam has been the prevailing
Avars_(Caucasus)
Village in Dagestan, Russia
Gunkha is a small village in Botlikh district in Dagestan, Russia It is located 14 km northeast of the village Botlikh, on the left bank of the Unsatlen
Gunkha
District in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
locality (a selo) of Botlikh. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 54,322, with the population of Botlikh accounting for 22.4%
Botlikhsky_District
Village in Dagestan, Russia
РикIвани) is a small village in Botlikh district in Dagestan, Russia It is located 14 km northeast of the village Botlikh, on the left bank of the Unsatlen
Rikvani
Northeast Caucasian language
Chamalal (also called Camalal or Chamalin) is an Andic language of the Northeast Caucasian language family spoken in southwestern Dagestan, Russia by approximately
Chamalal_language
Kartvelian languages Georgians Zans Lazs Mingrelians Svans Dvals Northeast Caucasian languages Avar–Andic peoples: Andis Akhvakhs Avars Bagvalals Botlikhs Chamalals
Ethnic_groups_in_the_Caucasus
List of European ethnic groups
Retrieved 10 May 2023. "The Botlikhs". The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. Institute of the Estonian Language. Archived from the original
List of contemporary ethnic groups of Europe
List_of_contemporary_ethnic_groups_of_Europe
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
Russia. The population was 33 as of 2010. Khando is located 19 km north of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the Chankovskaya River
Khando
Northeast Caucasian language
The Bagvalal language (Bagulal) is an Avar–Andic language spoken by the Bagvalals in southwestern Dagestan, Russia, along the right bank of the river Andi-Koisu
Bagvalal_language
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
The population was 57 as of 2010. Rushukha is located 16 km northeast of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shivor is the nearest rural
Rushukha
Russian Civil War
Petrovsk Shura Khanzhalmakhi Kunzakh Veden Botlikh Grozny Gunib Salti Gerghebil Arakani Gimry Derbent Kumukh Gidatl GEORGIA Sulak River Samur River Terek
Dagestan_uprising
Yupik who live near the Bering Strait
as Yuit), a Yupik language of the Eskimo–Aleut family of languages. Sirenik Eskimos also live in that area, but their extinct language, Sireniki Eskimo
Siberian_Yupik
Ethnic group in Japan and Russia
using the language daily. The Hokkaido Ainu language is likely extinct today, as there remain no known native speakers. The other Ainu languages, Sakhalin
Ainu_people
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
220 as of 2010. There are 45 streets. Muni is located 10 km northeast of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the Unsatlen River.
Muni,_Republic_of_Dagestan
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Shodroda is located 18 km northwest of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ansalta is the nearest
Shodroda
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
215 as of 2010. There are 8 streets. Zilo is located 32 km southeast of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the left bank of the
Zilo,_Republic_of_Dagestan
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
located 8 km northwest of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the left bank of the Ansalta River. Botlikh is the nearest rural locality
Miarso
Akhvakh (Ashvado/Atluatii) Andis (Qhvannal/Khivannal) Bagvalal (Bagval) Botlikhs (Buykhal'ida/Buykhalyi) Chamalals (Chamalaldu) Godoberis (Giybdiridi) Karatas
List_of_Indigenous_peoples
Chukotkan ethnic group of Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Alyutors spoke the Alyutor language (also known as Nymylan language), which belongs to the Chukotko-Kamchatkan language family; however less than 10%
Alyutors
Conflict in the Dagestan Russian Republic
districts of Tsumadi (Echeda, Gakko, Kedy, Kvanada, Gadiri and Gigatl) and Botlikh (Godoberi, Miarso, Shodroda, Ansalta, Rakhata and Inkhelo). On 10 August
1999_war_in_Dagestan
Village in Dagestan, Russia
Кванхидалъ) is a small village in the Botlikh district in Dagestan, Russia It is located 15 km northeast of the Botlikh village, on the Unsatlen River. In
Kvanxidatl
1817–1859 conflict in the North Caucasus
They now had about 40000 men. When they appeared on the heights above Botlikh (50 km W), resistance collapsed. Kazi Muhammad, learning that Wrangel had
Russian conquest of Chechnya and Dagestan
Russian_conquest_of_Chechnya_and_Dagestan
Ethnic group
Census, there were 1,087 Chuvans in Russia. The Chuvan language, which was a Yukaghir language, became extinct by the early 1900s. Many Chuvans speak
Chuvans
район selo of Babayurt 45701 Botlikhsky District Ботлихский район selo of Botlikh 54322 Buynaksky District Буйнакский район town of Buynaksk 73402 Charodinsky
List_of_districts_in_Russia
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
Russia. The population was 93 as of 2010. Beledi is located 20 km west of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zabirkhali is the nearest
Beledi,_Republic_of_Dagestan
Self-name of the Ingush people
structure of the ethnonym. According to him: "In both the Chechen and Ingush languages, the ethnonym is divided into two parts: ghal+gha in the singular form
Ghalghai
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
of 2010. There are 30 streets. Godoberi is located 16 km southwest of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Miarso is the nearest rural
Godoberi, Botlikhsky District, Republic of Dagestan
Godoberi,_Botlikhsky_District,_Republic_of_Dagestan
total number of less than 40,000. Andis Akhvakh Archins Bagvalals Bezhta Botlikhs Chamalals Godoberi Hinukh Hunzibs Khwarshi Karata Tindis Tsez Abazins (абазины):
List of minor indigenous peoples of Russia
List_of_minor_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia
Linguistics database
Argentina Yagán (Yaghan) Northeast Caucasian Nakh Chechen Avar–Andic Avar Andi Botlikh Chamalal Ghodoberi Bagvalin (Bagvalal) Tindi Karata Akhvakh Tsezic Tsez
Intercontinental Dictionary Series
Intercontinental_Dictionary_Series
North Caucasian religious, military, and political leader (1848–1920)
is black or white?" In May 1919, a council gathered in the village of Botlikh. At the council, Uzun-Hajji was declared Imam of Dagestan and Chechnya
Uzun-Hajji
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
located on the right bank of the Andiyskoye Koysu River, 24 km east of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kilyatl is the nearest
Tlokh
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
Russia. The population was 35 as of 2010. Ankho is located 15 km north of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the Chankovskaya River
Ankho
1222 military conflict in the Kingdom of Alania
River along the route: Kasumkent - Khiv - Kumukh - Chokh - Khunzakh - Botlikh - Andiysky pass - Chechnya. According to Ibn al-Asirai, along the way,
Battle_of_Khankala_(1222)
Soviet general (1900–1979)
Dagestan, participating in heavy fighting near the aul of Aymaki and on the Botlikh direction. Chistyakov was assigned to accompany the staff of the Caucasian
Ivan_Chistyakov
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
764 as of 2010. There are 32 streets. Alak is located 14 km southwest of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kheleturi is the nearest
Alak,_Republic_of_Dagestan
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
67 as of 2010. Zibirkhali is located 23 kilometres (14 mi) northwest of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shoroda is the nearest
Zibirkhali
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
The population was 85 as of 2010. Shivor is located 18 km northeast of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Chanko is the nearest rural
Shivor
11th Russian census
930 0.0055% 7 Bagvalal Багулалы 5 0% 8 Bezhta Бежтинцы 5,958 0.0042% 9 Botlikh Ботлихцы 3,508 0.0025% 10 Hinukh Гинухцы 443 0.0003% 11 Godoberi Годоберинцы
2010_Russian_census
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Kizhani is located 38 km northeast of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zilo is the nearest rural
Kizhani
Province of the Russian Empire from 1860 to 1917
square versts (1,306.80 km2; 504.56 mi2) Andiyskiy okrug (Андийский округ) Botlikh 1,225 --- 49,628 57,875 3,152.17 square versts (3,587.37 km2; 1,385.09 mi2)
Dagestan_Oblast
Bezhtintsy (kapuchiny, khvanal) 6,198 2,992 3,206 62 39 23 6,136 2,953 3,183 Botlikhs 16 9 7 11 6 5 5 3 2 Hinukhs 531 244 287 15 4 11 516 240 276 Godoberintsy
List of ethnic groups in Russia
List_of_ethnic_groups_in_Russia
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
as of 2010. There are 19 streets. Ansalta is located 16 km northwest of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shodroda is the nearest
Ansalta
Soviet/Russian/Georgian linguist
from 1938 to 1942. She subsequently taught Russian language and literature at middle schools in Botlikh and Vedeno from 1942 to 1946. In 1946, she went on
Zagidat_Magomedbekova
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
34 streets. Rakhata is located on the Ansalta River, 13 km northwest of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tando is the nearest rural
Rakhata
Okrug in Caucasus, Russian Empire
Dagestan of the Russian Federation. The district's administrative centre was Botlikh.[page needed] The prefectures (участки, uchastki) of the Andiyskiy okrug
Andiyskiy_okrug
Military unit
August 20, 1999, the airborne assault detachment arrived in the village of Botlikh. It subsequently took part in combat operations in the Chechen Republic
56th Guards Air Assault Regiment
56th_Guards_Air_Assault_Regiment
List of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with B
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with B. Index | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
ISO_639:b
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
located 3 km east of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the right bank of the Andiyskoye Koysu River. Botlikh is the nearest rural
Nizhneye_Inkhelo
Russian Ground Forces unit
participated in the elimination of Chechen fighters in the villages of Botlikh and Karamakhi during August and September 1999. In response to the Chechen
205th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
205th_Separate_Guards_Motor_Rifle_Brigade
Nutsal of Avars
Jews, pagans and Muslims. In the 11th century, its western lands (modern Botlikh, Tsumadin and Akhvakh districts) broke away from Sarir, which were formed
Saratan_I
Military unit
Brigade, in Bataysk 33rd Independent (Mountain) Reconnaissance Brigade, in Botlikh equipped with MT-LBV 34th Independent (Mountain) Motor-Rifle Brigade, in
North Caucasus Military District
North_Caucasus_Military_District
North Caucasian religious, military, and political leader (1859–1925)
that Uzun-Hajji said this. A meeting in late May 1919 in the village of Botlikh elected to remove Najmuddin as imam and to replace him with Uzun-Hajji
Najmuddin_of_Gotzo
localities in Botlikhsky District: Alak Andi Ankho Ansalta Ashali Ashino Beledi Botlikh Godoberi Gunkha Khando Kheleturi Kizhani Miarso Muni Nizhneye Inkhelo Rakhata
List of rural localities in Dagestan
List_of_rural_localities_in_Dagestan
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
369 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Tasuta is located 20 km north of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the right bank of the
Tasuta
1991 book
Asiatic Eskimos Bagulals – Baraba Tatars – Bartangs – Bats – Bezhtas – Botlikhs – Budukhs Central Asian Jews – Chamalals – Chukchis – Chulym Tatars – Crimean
The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire
The_Red_Book_of_the_Peoples_of_the_Russian_Empire
ground-attack aircraft). August 9, 2 Mi-8 helicopters were hit, on the ground at Botlikh airfield, Dagestan, by anti-tank guided missiles, one killed. In a different
List of Russian aircraft losses in the Second Chechen War
List_of_Russian_aircraft_losses_in_the_Second_Chechen_War
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
721 as of 2010. There are 9 streets. Kheleturi is located 11 km south of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Alak is the nearest rural
Kheleturi
Selo in Republic of Dagestan, Russia
The population was 79 as of 2010. Ashino is located 15 km northwest of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the right bank of the
Ashino
BOTLIKH LANGUAGE
BOTLIKH LANGUAGE
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the female personal name Elizabeth. Compare Hibbs 2.English : nickname for someone with very fair hair or skin, from Middle English, Old English lilie ‘lily’ (Latin lilium). The Italian equivalent Giglio was used as a personal name in the Middle Ages. In English and other languages there has also been some confusion with forms of Giles.English : habitational name from places called Lilley, in Hertfordshire and Berkshire. The Hertfordshire place was named in Old English as ‘flax-glade’, from līn ‘flax’ + lēah ‘woodland clearing’. The Berkshire name is from Old English Lillinglēah ‘wood associated with Lilla’, an Old English personal name.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc.
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, etc. : from the Latin personal name Lucas (Greek Loukas) ‘man from Lucania’. Lucania is a region of southern Italy thought to have been named in ancient times with a word meaning ‘bright’ or ‘shining’. Compare Lucio. The Christian name owed its enormous popularity throughout Europe in the Middle Ages to St. Luke the Evangelist, hence the development of this surname and many vernacular derivatives in most of the languages of Europe. Compare Luke. This is also found as an Americanized form of Greek Loukas.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Lùcais (see McLucas).As a French name Lucas has been recorded in Canada since 1653, taken to Trois Rivières, Quebec, by one Lucas-Lépine from Normandy.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : patronymic from Jack 1. As an American surname this has absorbed other patronymics beginning with J- in various European languages.This extremely common British name was brought over by numerous different bearers in the 17th and 18th centuries. One forebear was the father and namesake of the seventh U.S. president, Andrew Jackson, who migrated to SC from Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland in 1765. The Confederate General Thomas ‘Stonewall’ Jackson came from VA, where his great-grandfather John, likewise of Scotch–Irish stock, had settled after emigrating to America in 1748.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Surname or Lastname
English and French (Léonard)
English and French (Léonard) : from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements leo ‘lion’ (a late addition to the vocabulary of Germanic name elements, taken from Latin) + hard ‘hardy’, ‘brave’, ‘strong’, which was taken to England by the Normans. A saint of this name, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th century, but about whom nothing is known except for a largely fictional life dating from half a millennium later, was popular throughout Europe in the early Middle Ages and was regarded as the patron of peasants and horses.Irish (Fermanagh) : adopted as an English equivalent of Gaelic Mac Giolla Fhionáin or of Langan.Americanized form of Italian Leonardo or cognate forms in other European languages.The French Léonard family were at Château Richer, Quebec, by 1698, having come from Maine, France.
Surname or Lastname
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás)
English, German, French, Jewish (Ashkenazic), Lithuanian, Czech and Slovak (Jonáš), and Hungarian (Jónás) : from a medieval personal name, which comes from the Hebrew male personal name Yona, meaning ‘dove’. In the book of the Bible which bears his name, Jonah was appointed by God to preach repentance to the city of Nineveh, but tried to flee instead to Tarshish. On the voyage to Tarshish, a great storm blew up, and Jonah was thrown overboard by his shipmates to appease God’s wrath, swallowed by a great fish, and delivered by it on the shores of Nineveh. This story exercised a powerful hold on the popular imagination in medieval Europe, and the personal name was a relatively common choice. The Hebrew name and its reflexes in other languages (for example Yiddish Yoyne) have been popular Jewish personal names for generations. There are also saints, martyrs, and bishops called Jonas venerated in the Orthodox Church. Ionas is found as a Greek family name.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : respelling of Yonis, with Yiddish possessive -s.
Surname or Lastname
English, Welsh, German, etc.
English, Welsh, German, etc. : ultimately from the Hebrew personal name yÅÌ£hÄnÄn ‘Jehovah has favored (me with a son)’ or ‘may Jehovah favor (this child)’. This personal name was adopted into Latin (via Greek) as Johannes, and has enjoyed enormous popularity in Europe throughout the Christian era, being given in honor of St. John the Baptist, precursor of Christ, and of St. John the Evangelist, author of the fourth gospel, as well as others of the nearly one thousand other Christian saints of the name. Some of the principal forms of the personal name in other European languages are Welsh Ieuan, Evan, Siôn, and Ioan; Scottish Ia(i)n; Irish Séan; German Johann, Johannes, Hans; Dutch Jan; French Jean; Italian Giovanni, Gianni, Ianni; Spanish Juan; Portuguese João; Greek IÅannÄ“s (vernacular Yannis); Czech Jan; Russian Ivan. Polish has surnames both from the western Slavic form Jan and from the eastern Slavic form Iwan. There were a number of different forms of the name in Middle English, including Jan(e), a male name (see Jane); Jen (see Jenkin); Jon(e) (see Jones); and Han(n) (see Hann). There were also various Middle English feminine versions of this name (e.g. Joan, Jehan), and some of these were indistinguishable from masculine forms. The distinction on grounds of gender between John and Joan was not firmly established in English until the 17th century. It was even later that Jean and Jane were specialized as specifically feminine names in English; bearers of these surnames and their derivatives are more likely to derive them from a male ancestor than a female. As a surname in the British Isles, John is particularly frequent in Wales, where it is a late formation representing Welsh Siôn rather than the older form Ieuan (which gave rise to the surname Evan). As an American family name this form has absorbed various cognates from continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German
English, French, Danish, Dutch, and German : from a short form of the personal name Matthias (see Matthew) or any of its many cognates, for example Norman French Maheu.English, French, Dutch, and German : from a nickname or personal name taken from the month of May (Middle English, Old French mai, Middle High German meie, from Latin Maius (mensis), from Maia, a minor Roman goddess of fertility). This name was sometimes bestowed on someone born or baptized in the month of May; it was also used to refer to someone of a sunny disposition, or who had some anecdotal connection with the month of May, such as owing a feudal obligation then.English : nickname from Middle English may ‘young man or woman’.Irish (Connacht and Midlands) : when not of English origin (see 1–3 above), this is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Miadhaigh ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a personal name or byname meaning ‘honorable’, ‘proud’.French : habitational name from any of various places called May or Le May.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name from Mayen, a place in western Germany.Americanized spelling of cognates of 1 in various European languages, for example Swedish Ma(i)j.Chinese : possibly a variant of Mei 1, although this spelling occurs more often for the given name than for the surname.Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, is named after the Dutch explorer Cornelius Jacobsen May.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Jacob. As an American surname this name has absorbed cognates from other languages, for example Danish, Norwegian, and Dutch Jacobsen and Swedish Jacobsson.
Surname or Lastname
English and Welsh
English and Welsh : patronymic from the Middle English personal name Jon(e) (see John). The surname is especially common in Wales and southern central England. In North America this name has absorbed various cognate and like-sounding surnames from other languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988).
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
Scottish (of Norman origin)
Scottish (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of various places in northern France named with Old Norse hagi ‘enclosure’, a word with cognates in most Germanic languages. Compare Hay.English : variant spelling of Haigh.Irish (County Cavan) : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Thaidhg (see McCaig).
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from a Germanic personal name composed of
the elements haim, heim ‘home’ + rīc ‘power’,
‘ruler’, introduced to England by the Normans in the form
Henri. During the Middle Ages this name became enormously
popular in England and was borne by eight kings. Continental forms of
the personal name were equally popular throughout Europe (German
Heinrich, French Henri, Italian Enrico and
Arrigo, Czech Jindřich, etc.). As an American family
name, the English form Henry has absorbed patronymics and many
other derivatives of this ancient name in continental European
languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.) In the period in
which the majority of English surnames were formed, a common English
vernacular form of the name was Harry, hence the surnames
Harris (southern) and Harrison (northern). Official
documents of the period normally used the Latinized form
Henricus. In medieval times, English Henry absorbed an
originally distinct Old English personal name that had hagan
‘hawthorn’. Compare Hain 2 as its first element, and there has
also been confusion with Amery.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó hInnéirghe ‘descendant of
Innéirghe’, a byname based on éirghe
‘arising’.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac ÉinrÃ
or Mac Einri, patronymics from the personal names
ÉinrÃ, Einri, Irish forms of Henry. It is
also found as a variant of McEnery.Jewish (American) : Americanized form of various like-sounding Ashkenazic Jewish names.A bearer of the name from the Touraine region of France is
documented in Quebec city in 1667. Another (also called
Surname or Lastname
English, French, and German
English, French, and German : from the vernacular form of the Hebrew personal name Yehuda ‘Judah’ (of unknown meaning). In the Bible, this is the name of Jacob’s eldest son. It was not a popular name among Christians in medieval Europe, because of the associations it had with Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed Christ for thirty pieces of silver. Among Jews, however, the Hebrew name and its reflexes in various Jewish languages (such as Yiddish Yude) have been popular for generations, and have given rise to many Jewish surnames.French : name for a Jew, Old French jude (Latin Iudaeus, Greek Ioudaios, from Hebrew Yehudi ‘member of the tribe of Judah’).English : from a pet form of Jordan.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a Latinist, a clerk who wrote documents in Latin, from Anglo-Norman French latinier, latim(m)ier. Latin was more or less the universal language of official documents in the Middle Ages, displaced only gradually by the vernacular—in England, by Anglo-Norman French at first, and eventually by English.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : patronymic from the personal name John. As an American family name, Johnson has absorbed patronymics and many other derivatives of this name in continental European languages. (For forms, see Hanks and Hodges 1988.)Johnson is the second most frequent surname in the U.S. It was brought independently to North America by many different bearers from the 17th and 18th centuries onward.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
BOTLIKH LANGUAGE
BOTLIKH LANGUAGE
Boy/Male
Indian
Beautiful morning, Following desires
Male
English
Anglicized form of Greek Henoch (Hebrew Chanowk), ENOCH means "dedicated" or "initiated." In the bible, this is the name of the eldest son of Cain, and a son of Jared the father of Methuselah.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Dutch, English, German, Greek, Irish, Italian, Latin, Portuguese, Swedish
Majestic; Dignity; Grandeur; Great; Magnificent; Worthy of Respect; Holy
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a Middle English personal name Godere, Old English GÅdhere, composed of the elements gÅd ‘good’ + here ‘army’.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Good or Happy condition, Solution
Girl/Female
Greek American Latin
Messenger.
Male
Egyptian
, Cambyses.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Weaponed soldier, Jain God, Short form of parshvanath, rd tirthankara in jainism
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Prayer.
Girl/Female
Australian, Hindu, Indian
God Gift
BOTLIKH LANGUAGE
BOTLIKH LANGUAGE
BOTLIKH LANGUAGE
BOTLIKH LANGUAGE
BOTLIKH LANGUAGE
n.
Literally, world's speech; the name of an artificial language invented by Johan Martin Schleyer, of Constance, Switzerland, about 1879.
v. t.
To communicate by language; to express in language.
n.
The vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical language; the language of chemistry or theology.
imp. & p. p.
of Language
n.
Language; words; speech; expression; signification of feeling or opinion.
n.
Any one of numerous species of beetles belonging to Gyrinus and allied genera. The body is firm, oval or boatlike in form, and usually dark colored with a bronzelike luster. These beetles live mostly on the surface of water, and move about with great celerity in a gyrating, or circular, manner, but they are also able to dive and swim rapidly. The larva is aquatic. Called also weaver, whirlwig, and whirlwig beetle.
n.
Command; precept; -- now chiefly used in scriptural language.
n.
A boxlike step for a mast with the after side open, so that the mast can be lowered to pass under bridges, etc.
n.
The vernacular, or common language.
n.
Grossness or clownishness of manners of language; absence of refinement; coarseness.
n.
The suggestion, by objects, actions, or conditions, of ideas associated therewith; as, the language of flowers.
a.
Lacking or wanting language; speechless; silent.
n. pl.
A Romanic people inhabiting that part of Belgium which comprises the provinces of Hainaut, Namur, Liege, and Luxembourg, and about one third of Brabant; also, the language spoken by this people. Used also adjectively.
a.
Having a language; skilled in language; -- chiefly used in composition.
a.
Having an undivided, horny, bootlike covering; -- said of the tarsus of some birds.
n.
Any boxlike inclosure or recess; a casing.
n.
A boxlike shed for shelter; as, a sentry box.
a.
Hence, lacking cultivation or refinement; rustic; boorish; also, offensive to good taste or refined feelings; low; coarse; mean; base; as, vulgar men, minds, language, or manners.
n.
A boxlike structure with funnel-shaped traps for catching eels; an eelbuck.