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Chemical compound
2-Pyridylethylamine is a histamine agonist which is selective for the H1 subtype. Flynn SB, Gristwood RW, Owen DA (January 1979). "Differentiation of
2-Pyridylethylamine
Antihistamine medication
that brain occupancy of the H1 receptor was 12.6% for 10 mg cetirizine, 25.2% for 20 mg cetirizine, and 67.6% for 30 mg hydroxyzine. (A 10 mg dose of cetirizine
Cetirizine
Medication that reduces stomach acid
and Johnson & Johnson. The imidazole ring of cimetidine was replaced with a 2-guanidinothiazole ring. Famotidine proved to be nine times more potent than
Famotidine
Antihistamine medication
Absorption: After oral application, maximum plasma concentrations are reached after 2–3 hours. Fexofenadine should not be taken with a high-fat meal, as mean concentrations
Fexofenadine
Antihistamine medication
Loratadine is usually compatible with breastfeeding (classified category L-2 - probably compatible, by the American Academy of Pediatrics). In the U.S
Loratadine
Chemical compound
the FDA, although it is available through compounding pharmacies. 2-Pyridylethylamine Dickenson A (2017). Drugs in Neurology. Oxford University Press.
Betahistine
Chemical compound
coli. Histidine synthesis in E. coli involves eight gene products (His1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8) and it occurs in ten steps. This is possible because
Histidine
Antidepressant medication
blood levels of trazodone occur 1 to 2 hours after ingestion and peak levels of the metabolite mCPP occur after 2 to 4 hours. Absorption is somewhat delayed
Trazodone
Drug that blocks histamine or histamine agonists
Hancock AA (April 2005). "Pharmacological properties of ABT-239 [4-(2-{2-[(2R)-2-Methylpyrrolidinyl]ethyl}-benzofuran-5-yl)benzonitrile]: II. Neurophysiological
Antihistamine
Class of medications
advantages over antacids, including longer duration of action (6–10 hours vs 1–2 hours for antacids), greater efficacy, and ability to be used prophylactically
H2_receptor_antagonist
Muscle relaxant medication
exhibited high affinity binding (Ki) to receptors: 5HT2a (5.2 and 13 nM, respectively) and 5HT2c (5.2 and 43 nM), adrenergic α-1A (5.6 and 34 nM), α-2B (Ki
Cyclobenzaprine
Antihistamine medication
76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 280–281. ISBN 978-0-85711-338-2. "Levocetirizine Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Archived
Levocetirizine
Antihistamine medication
ISBN 978-0-19-515130-5. "FDA Orders Sominex 2 Withdrawn From Market". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Vol. 125, no. 336. 2 December 1975. p. 2. Retrieved 16 April 2024 – via
Diphenhydramine
Drugs that block the action of histamine
Handbook 2004. Adelaide: Australian Medicines Handbook. ISBN 0-9578521-4-2 [page needed] Takov, V; Tadi, P (January 2019). Motion Sickness (in StatPearls)
H1_antagonist
Organic compound involved in immune responses
Sake contains histamine in the 20–40 mg/L range; wines contain it in the 2–10 mg/L range. Most histamine in the body is generated in granules in mast
Histamine
Chemical compound
respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. It is thought to work by interfering with the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE2 by fixing
Azelastine
Chemical compound
Formulation). Emesafene is a combination of meclizine (1/3) and pyridoxine (2/3). In Canada, Antivert Tab was a combination of meclizine and nicotinic acid
Meclizine
Antihistamine medication
administration interval. Bilastine, or 2-[4-[2-[4-[1-(2-ethoxyethyl) benzimidazol-2-yl] piperidin-1-yl] ethyl] phenyl]-2-methylpropionic acid, is a molecule
Bilastine
Medication to treat narcolepsy
Pitolisant has been demonstrated to exhibit high affinity for sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptors, as well as moderate affinity for 5-HT2A and D3 receptors. There
Pitolisant
First-generation antihistamine used as a short-term sedative and hypnotic (sleep aid)
and 70.8% for intranasal administration. The Tmax of doxylamine is 1.5 to 2.5 hours. Its elimination half-life is 10 to 12 hours (range 7 to 15 hours)
Doxylamine
Allergy medication
monotherapy. The most common side effects are dry mouth (3%), fatigue (1.2%), and headache (0.6%). Co-administration with erythromycin, ketoconazole
Desloratadine
Second generation H1-antihistamine
the nationally authorised medicinal products. European Medicines Agency. 2 September 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 November 2023. Retrieved
Rupatadine
Antihistamine and calcium channel blocker medication
effectiveness of cinnarizine and flunarizine (a derivative of cinnarizine that is 2.5-15 times stronger for treatment of transient global cerebral ischemia),
Cinnarizine
Atypical antipsychotic medication
disorders". Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 3 (2): 219–235. doi:10.2147/nedt.2007.3.2.219. PMC 2654633. PMID 19300555. British national formulary:
Quetiapine
Antidepressant medication
synthesis is a condensation reaction between 2-chloro-3-cyanopyridine (1) and 1-methyl-3-phenylpiperazine (2) to give cyano compound 3. Hydrolysis of the
Mirtazapine
Medication that decreases stomach acid
ranitidine taken orally has a half-life of 2.5–3.0 hours. If taken intravenously, the half-life is generally 2.0–2.5 hours in a patient with normal kidney
Ranitidine
Anti-emetic and antihistamine medication
demonstrates anticholinergic activity. The diphenhydramine component requires about 2 hours to reach peak concentration after either oral or sublingual administration
Dimenhydrinate
Antihistamine drug
In rats, less than 2% of the drug is excreted unchanged. The time to reach maximum concentration (Tmax) of hydroxyzine is about 2.0 hours in both adults
Hydroxyzine
Antihistamine used to treat allergies
is reacted with 2-chloropyridine in the presence of sodium amide to form 4-chlorophenyl(2-pyridyl)acetonitrile. Alkylating this with 2-dimethylaminoethylchloride
Chlorphenamine
Tricyclic antidepressant
of fibromyalgia in adults". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2 (2) CD010585. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010585.pub2. PMC 6491103. PMID 29457627
Amitriptyline
Antihistamine medication
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Triprolidine
Antihistamine drug
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Ebastine
Substance related to histamine functions
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Histaminergic
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Mizolastine
Atypical antipsychotic medication
with an antipsychotic and that such treatment should continue for at least 1–2 years, as "There is no doubt that antipsychotic discontinuation is strongly
Aripiprazole
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Thioperamide
Medication for motion sickness or vertigo
Pharmaceutical manufacturing encyclopedia. William Andrew. p. 406. ISBN 0-8155-1144-2. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Rajoo SG. "Introduction"
Cyclizine
Typical antipsychotic medication
sedation of psychotic inpatients. The effect peaks at 48–72 hours providing 2–3 days of sedation. As zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride (Clopixol, Cisordinol)
Zuclopenthixol
Typical antipsychotic medication
effects without improving efficacy. Patients responded with doses under even 2 mg in first-episode psychosis. For maintenance treatment of schizophrenia
Haloperidol
Chemical compound
formulations compared with capsule". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 43 (2): 148–153. doi:10.1177/0091270002239823. PMID 12616667. Portal: Medicine
Nizatidine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Alloclamide
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Clobenpropit
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Burimamide
Medication to treat schizophrenia
placebo-treated patients] as olanzapine (3.34; 95% CI: 2.46-4.50]) and haloperidol (2.76; 95% CI: 2.04-3.66) and a higher odds ratio (although not significantly)
Asenapine
Antihistamine medication
BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 1126. ISBN 978-0-85711-338-2. "Olopatadine ophthalmic Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the
Olopatadine
Drug used to treat depressive and anxiety disorders
progesterone, and others, opipramol showed the highest affinity (Ki = 0.2–0.3) for the guinea pig σ1 receptor of all the tested ligands except haloperidol
Opipramol
Atypical antipsychotic medicine
& International". PharmacyChecker.com. 2 June 2025. Archived from the original on 2 June 2025. Retrieved 2 June 2025. "Pharmaceutical Benefits: Fees
Cariprazine
Skeletal muscle relaxant
conditions: a systematic review". Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 28 (2): 140–75. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.05.002. PMID 15276195. Richards BL
Orphenadrine
Histamine receptor
tuberomammillary nucleus become active during the 'wake' cycle, firing at approximately 2 Hz; during slow wave sleep, this firing rate drops to approximately 0.5 Hz
Histamine_H1_receptor
Sedating antidepressant
extensive and poor). In addition, the bioavailability of (E)-doxepin was about 2-fold lower in extensive relative to poor CYP2D6 metabolizers, indicating a
Doxepin
Medication for nausea, psychosis, and anxiety
discontinued in 2011. The alkylation of 2-chlorophenothiazine (1) and 1-(3-Chloropropyl)-4-methylpiperazine [104-16-5] (2) in the presence of sodamide gives
Prochlorperazine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Dimetindene
Medication
including loss of libido and erectile dysfunction and gynecomastia (0.1–0.2%) in males during long-term treatment. Rarely, interstitial nephritis, urticaria
Cimetidine
Sedating antihistamine
anticholinergic effects) Chest discomfort/pressure (In children less than 2 years old) Akathisia Less frequent: Cardiovascular side effects to include
Promethazine
Chemical compound
first step, 2-Methylthiophenothiazine [7643-08-5] (1) is protected by sequential reaction with sodium amide and acetic anhydride to give 1-[2
Metopimazine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Isothipendyl
Antipsychotic medication
acetylpromazine (commonly known as ACP, Ace, or by the trade names Atravet or Acezine 2, number depending on mg/ml dose) is a phenothiazine derivative antipsychotic
Acepromazine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Acrivastine
Medication for movement disorders
most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions. It is sold under the brand name Cogentin among others
Benzatropine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Isopromethazine
Antipsychotic medication
subcutaneous or intramuscular). The injectable versions are long-acting and last for 2–4 weeks. Common side effects include weight gain, drowsiness, fatigue, insomnia
Risperidone
Atypical antipsychotic medication
patents from Eli Lilly & Co. in the 1990s. In the final two steps, 5-methyl-2-[(2-nitrophenyl)amino]-3-thiophenecarbonitrile was reduced with stannous chloride
Olanzapine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Oxomemazine
Chemical compound
Pharmacodynamics v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation
Pheniramine
Chemical compound
Rouleau, A; Ligneau, X; Tuong, MD; Schwartz, JC; Ganellin, CR (1992). "S-2-(4-imidazolyl)ethylisothiourea, a highly specific and potent histamine H3
Imetit
Antidepressant
transmission and depressive states". Synapse. 35 (2): 79–95. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2396(200002)35:2<79::AID-SYN1>3.0.CO;2-X. PMID 10611634. S2CID 20221398. Elliott
Mianserin
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Thenalidine
First generation antihistamine
its receptors". British Journal of Pharmacology. 147 (Suppl 1) (published 2 February 2009): S127–S135. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706440. PMC 1760721. PMID 16402096
Mepyramine
Pair of enantiomers
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Epinastine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Niperotidine
Chemical compound
Allergen Challenge Model". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 125 (2): AB191. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.750. "H3 receptor antagonism increases
PF-03654746
Serotonin dopamine partial agonist atypical antipsychotic
upper respiratory tract infection (6.9% vs. 4.8%), akathisia (6.6% vs. 3.2%), weight gain (6.3% vs. 0.8%), and nasopharyngitis (5.0% vs. 1.6%). Brexpiprazole
Brexpiprazole
Chemical compound
Pharmacodynamics v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation
Brompheniramine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Thonzylamine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Carbinoxamine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Pirolate
Tricyclic antidepressant
in depersonalization syndrome". Psychosomatics. 34 (2): 193–194. doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(93)71919-2. PMID 8456168. Nilsson HL, Knorring LV (1989). "Review
Clomipramine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Phenyltoloxamine
Pharmaceutical compound
BP 2.94, or BP-294, also known as FUB-94, is a histamine H3 receptor agonist which was under development for the treatment of asthma, inflammation, pain
BP_2.94
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Dexchlorpheniramine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Terfenadine
Chemical compound
The reductive amination between piperidine (1) and 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2) gives 3-(1-piperidinylmethyl)phenol (3). Williamson ether synthesis with
Roxatidine_acetate
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
A-423579
Typical antipsychotic medication
Oral fluphenazine rapidly absorbs and plasma levels peak at about 1.0-2.5 ng/mL 2 hours post-ingestion. The volume of distribution is about 298 L due to
Fluphenazine
Antidepressant medication
in bipolar depression and anxiety disorders". Bipolar Disorders. 5 (Suppl 2): 20–35. doi:10.1111/j.1399-2406.2003.00061.x. PMID 14700010. Pederson KJ
Olanzapine/fluoxetine
Atypical antipsychotic medication
hospitalization in routine clinical practice: a 2 year observational study". Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 43 (2): 67–81. doi:10.64719/pb.4290. PMID 21052043
Clozapine
Gastrointestinal system drug
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Betazole
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
JNJ-5207852
Antihistamine medication
study, cyproheptadine partially blocked the hallucinogenic effects of DMT in 2 of 3 subjects. In a follow-up study, pretreatment with cyproheptadine in 5 subjects
Cyproheptadine
Chemical compound
p-bromobenzhydrol [29334-16-5] (2). Halogenation with acetyl bromide in benzene solvent gives p-bromo-benzhydrylbromide [18066-89-2] (3). Finally, etherification
Bromazine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Clobenztropine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Ebrotidine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Buclizine
Chemical compound
x. PMID 2871150. S2CID 506087. "(3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxyhexane-2,5-dione;N,N,2-trimethyl-3-phenothiazin-10-ylpropan-1-amine". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. "Alimemazine"
Alimemazine
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Histamine trifluoromethyl toluidide
Histamine_trifluoromethyl_toluidide
Antihistamine medication
found that around 1 to 2 out of every 100 people who took the drug experienced weight gain, with adults gaining about 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) and children over
Ketotifen
Atypical antipsychotic medication
receptor 15. Paliperidone also acts as an antagonist of alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors as well as H1 histamine receptors. Food is known to increase
Paliperidone
Class of pharmaceutical drugs
Monoamine neurotoxins v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation
Tetracyclic_antidepressant
Chemical compound
v t e Histamine receptor modulators H1 Agonists 2-Pyridylethylamine Betahistine Histamine HTMT L-Histidine UR-AK49 Antagonists First-generation (sedating):
Chlorothen
Chemical compound
a potent histamine H3-receptor antagonist". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 287 (2): 658–66. PMID 9808693. Witkin JM, Nelson DL (July 2004). "Selective histamine
Ciproxifan
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