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Permian rock layers between the east coast of England and northern Poland
The Zechstein (German either from mine stone or tough stone) is a unit of sedimentary rock layers of Late Permian (Lopingian) age located in the European
Zechstein
from the Buntsandstein (Lower Triassic) and, to a lesser extent, the Zechstein (Upper Permian), deposited between 256 and 243 million years ago under
Geology of the Palatinate Forest
Geology_of_the_Palatinate_Forest
Extinct genus of reptiles
Slate is a marine unit that forms part of the Zechstein, a sequence of rocks formed on the edge of the Zechstein Sea, a large inland shallow sea that existed
Protorosaurus
Extinct genus of reptiles
of pareiasaur known from fossils collected in the Kupferschiefer and Zechstein in Germany (Hesse, Thuringia and Lower Saxony), dating to the Late Permian
Parasaurus
Sixth and last period of the Paleozoic Era
rocks of equivalent age in Germany had been named the Rotliegend and Zechstein, and in Great Britain as the New Red Sandstone. The term Permian was introduced
Permian
Geologic formation in Germany
The Zechstein Limestone Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Permian period. Earth sciences portal Germany
Zechstein_Limestone_Formation
First period of the Mesozoic Era
overlain by shallow marine carbonates and mudstones and evaporites of the Zechstein Sea. Further south, during the Norian, the opening of the Central Atlantic
Triassic
Structural dome formed of salt or halite
Hammerfest and Nordkapp basins. In northwest Europe Upper Permian salt of the Zechstein Group has formed salt domes over the central and southern North Sea, extending
Salt_dome
Low mountain range in Germany
characterised by a block of bunter sandstone and its underlying formations of Zechstein. The tectonically formed bedding of these rock types and their subsequent
Palatinate_Forest
Extinct genus of therapsids
"Über die Saurier der Kupferführenden Zechsteins Russlands" [About the reptiles of the copper-bearing Zechstein of Russia]. Bulletin de la Société impériale
Dinosaurus
Hydrocarbons from the North Sea
water well near Hamburg in 1910, leading to minor gas discoveries in Zechstein dolomites elsewhere in Germany. In England, BP discovered gas in similar
North_Sea_oil
Sedimentary basin of Permian age in Central and Northern Europe
overlain by 1,000-metre (3,300 ft) thick sequence of evaporites known as the Zechstein Formation. Permian Basin (North America) Evans, Dan, ed. (2003), The Millennium
Permian_Basin_(Europe)
This article describes the geology of the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear in northeast England. It includes the cities of Newcastle upon Tyne and
Geology_of_Tyne_and_Wear
Copper-bearing shale deposit in Central Europe
declared a sub-unit of the Werra Formation, the lowest formation of the Zechstein Group, overlying the Rotliegend Group. The unit has been dated to 257
Kupferschiefer
Type of limestone
Bunter of the British Isles. It is normally lying on top of the Permian Zechstein and below the Muschelkalk. In the past the name Buntsandstein was in Europe
Buntsandstein
Show cave in Germany
It is a karst cave developed in dolomite strata that is part of the Zechstein. The cave was first mentioned in the records in 1541. In 1686, Gottfried
Unicorn_Cave
Inorganic salt: MgCl2 and its hydrates
extracted (by solution mining) out of ancient seabeds, for example, the Zechstein seabed in northwest Europe. Some deposits result from high content of
Magnesium_chloride
Geologic group in Europe
Rotliegend mainly consists of sandstone layers. It is usually covered by the Zechstein and lies on top of regionally different formations of late Carboniferous
Rotliegend
Major feature of the supercontinent
Permian, with the rain shadow contributing to the formation of the immense Zechstein salt deposits in Europe during the Late Permian. Pfeifer, Lily S.; Soreghan
Central_Pangean_Mountains
Largest gas producing basin
coming from the lower Permian sandstones which are sealed by the upper Zechstein salt. The evolution of the North Sea basin occurred through multiple stages
Geology of the southern North Sea
Geology_of_the_southern_North_Sea
Large sedimentary basin in the US
abundant globally, and grew in places such as the Delaware Basin, the Zechstein Basin in Eastern Europe, along the Tethys Ocean, and in cool water shelves
Permian_Basin_(North_America)
Passive-active rift basin in central and west Europe
faulting and rifting began approximately 157-155 Ma allowing for the Zechstein evaporites to form a detachment between basement rocks and upper stratigraphy
North_German_basin
Hill range in France and Germany
characterized by rock strata of bunter sandstone and, to a lesser extent, Zechstein, which was deposited in the late Permian (256–251 million years ago) and
Wasgau
Extinct genus of reptiles
Slate is a marine unit that forms part of the Zechstein, a sequence of rocks formed on the edge of the Zechstein Sea, a large inland shallow sea that existed
Weigeltisaurus
Chemical element with atomic number 19 (K)
from Great Britain over Germany into Poland. They are located in the Zechstein and were deposited in the Middle to Late Permian. Canada leads the world
Potassium
Mountain range in the German state of Thuringia
ranges in Central Europe uplifted at the same time, are the bordering Zechstein deposits which contain Bryozoa reefs. These stretch especially wide on
Thuringian_Forest
Landscape in Germany
down. Below those lie the salt and gypsum layers of Magnesian Limestone (Zechstein). In the Cenozoic era the surrounding ridges were uplifted, whilst the
Thuringian_Basin
Third and final series of the Permian
the Lopingian, most of the earth was in the supercontinent Pangaea. The Zechstein sea, would, at times, be connected to the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. Other features
Lopingian
Largest methane field in Europe
October 1955, when seeking oil at Thesinge, methane was found in the Zechstein formation, but they drilled 40 to 50 meters too little to discover the
Groningen_gas_field
Norwegian North Sea oil field
closure and a hydrocarbon column 305 m (1,001 ft) long, formed by Permian Zechstein salt movement in the form of salt pillows. The production zones at a depth
Ekofisk_oil_field
Phylum of colonial aquatic invertebrates called moss animals
(biology) Ernst, A. (2007). "A cystoporate bryozoan species from the Zechstein (Late Permian)". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 81 (2): 113–117. Bibcode:2007PalZ
Bryozoa
Municipality in Lower Saxony, Germany
located. This geological feature is part of the 240 million years old Zechstein Group formations. The salt dome, with a volume of 46 million cubic metres
Friedeburg
Zinc-iron sulfide mineral
and textures of hydrothermal sphalerite and pyrite in Upper Permian (Zechstein) carbonates of the North German Basin". Journal of Geochemical Exploration
Sphalerite
Extinct species of reptile
Kupferschiefer is a marine unit that forms part of the Zechstein, a sequence of rocks formed on the edge of the Zechstein Sea, a large inland shallow sea that existed
Glaurung_(reptile)
platform. The outcropping Mesozoic platform at the surface comprises Zechstein (Middle/Upper Permian) marine gypsum rocks and limestones, Buntsandstein
Geology_of_Germany
Show cave in Thuringian Forest
sandstone, followed by dolomite from the upper Zechstein period, and ultimately, gypsum from the lower Zechstein period. These distinct rock sequences are
Marienglashöhle
Lithostratigraphic unit in Europe
247.2–251.2 Induan 251.2–251.9 Permian Lopingian Changhsingian older Zechstein Major lithostratigraphic units of northwest Europe with the ICS's geologic
Muschelkalk
Layered sedimentary structure
Processes In the Formation and Diagenesis of Permian Dolomitic Stromatolites (Zechstein Group, NE England)". Journal of Sedimentary Research. 83 (10): 896–914
Stromatolite
Group of geologic formations
for chronostratigraphy and geochronology. These are the Rotliegend and Zechstein (both of Permian age); Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk, and Keuper (Triassic
Group_(stratigraphy)
Formation Cretaceous Zechstein Formation Permian Zechstein Limestone Formation Permian Zechstein Salzton Formation Permian Zechstein Group/Aller Formation
List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany
List_of_fossiliferous_stratigraphic_units_in_Germany
Suite of carbonate rocks in England
northern England. The Magnesian Limestone is now incorporated within the Zechstein Group. In the southern part of its outcrop, the former 'Lower Magnesian
Magnesian_Limestone
Polish geologist and petrographer
She also studied Zechstein halite Permian rock layers from deep boreholes in the Polish Lowlands. Following the discovery of Zechstein polyhalite salts
Jadwiga_Orska
Salt mine in Poland
different types of salt drilling in Kłodawa Salt Mine. All of them come from Zechstein. The salt in Kłodawa is the only salt in Poland which is colourful (pink
Kłodawa_Salt_Mine
Extinct order of tetrapods
Triassic) were younger than more advanced reptiles in the Magnesian and Zechstein, which are Late Permian in age. Owen used these fossils to counter the
Temnospondyli
Seventh stage of the Permian geologic period
first appears. The Capitanian Stage was part of the time in which the Zechstein was deposited in Europe. It is coeval with the old European regional Saxonian
Capitanian
Rock formation in Tyne and Wear, United Kingdom
subsequently lay below sea level, flooded around 260 million years ago by the Zechstein Sea which periodically rose and fell. The Permian Magnesian rocks found
Marsden_Rock
Expro Ltd ATP Oil & Gas Hewett 48/29 48/30 52/4 52/5 Triassic, Permian, Zechstein 48/29A-FTP, 48/29A-P, 49/29B, 48/29C, 52/5A Bacton July 1969 Arpet/Phillips
List of oil and gas fields of the North Sea
List_of_oil_and_gas_fields_of_the_North_Sea
shallow waters as the polar ice sheets melted and the Tethys Ocean and Zechstein Sea formed, depositing shale, limestone, gravel, and marl, before finally
Geology_of_England
range: Permian - Triassic Type Group Underlies Skerry Group Overlies Zechstein Group Location Country Scotland Type section Named by Ritchie, J.D. et
Papa_Group
Hesse Highlands region. During the Mesozoic era, the deposits of the Zechstein Sea were overlaid with sand, which then developed into the Bunter sandstone
West_Hesse_Depression
Site of Special Scientific Interest in east County Durham, England
type locality for the Raisby Formation, a carbonate unit of the English Zechstein sequence. The exposed sequence commences with the Yellow Sands, which
Raisby_Hill_Quarry
Sequence of rock strata found in a large area of western Europe
247.2–251.2 Induan 251.2–251.9 Permian Lopingian Changhsingian older Zechstein Major lithostratigraphic units of northwest Europe with the ICS's geologic
Lias_Group
Polish geologist
encountered copper ore of industrial importance in the thill layers of the Zechstein at a depth of 656 m on 23 March 1957. A few months later (8 August 1957)
Jan_Wyżykowski
Natural gas and oilfield in the North Sea
Chalk and Dolomite Chalk Geological age Danian, Upper Cretaceous and Zechstein Danian and Upper Cretaceous Coordinates 55.576474°N 4.618248°E 55.605986°N
Gorm_Field
Genus of archosauromorphs
discovered in a limestone quarry representing outcrops of the Werra Formation (Zechstein Group) near Korbach in Hesse, Germany. The specimen consists of an isolated
Manistropheus
in Wetterau, etc. Über die Petrefacten im Zechstein der Wetterau, 1851 – On petrification in the Zechstein of Wetterau. Poethen - Schlüter, edited by
Karl_Rössler
dolomitic limestone and significant evaporite deposits as it dried up. This Zechstein Sea had completely evaporated by the end of the Permian. At the end of
Geology_of_Yorkshire
Seabed feature of the North Sea
Edinburgh, led to the counterproposal that withdrawal of Upper Permian (Zechstein Supergroup) salt at depth was in fact a better explanation. Underhill
Silverpit_crater
Sequence of rock strata
can exceed 1400 meters. The Germanic Trias lies on top of the Permian Zechstein Group and below Lower Jurassic units, such as the Lias Group or Altena
Germanic_Trias
City in Thuringia, Germany
sedimentary layers, Buntsandstein (sandstone from the Triassic period) over Zechstein (evaporite deposits from the Permian period). The granite of the Suhler
Suhl
proximity much earlier, in the medieval ages. That was feasible because a Zechstein layer is located in the ground. A graduation tower was built in 1772.
Salzderhelden_saltworks
Senke) in its broader sense, because here geologically young layers of Zechstein and Bunter sandstone, and in places even younger rocks like Muschelkalk
Hesse_Highlands
River in North East England
The gorge cut by the river through the Permian Magnesian Limestone (Zechstein limestone) can be seen most clearly at Ford Quarry. In the 17th edition
River_Wear
2009 novel by Philip Kerr
where there are underground pockets of salty water left over from the Zechstein Sea (as they find out from geologist Stefan Blitz). So he probably died
If_the_Dead_Rise_Not
Triassic alluvial lithostratigraphic group beneath the central and northern North Sea
Heron Group Stratigraphic range: Late Triassic Epoch Type Group Overlies Zechstein Group Location Region North Sea Country Scotland
Heron_Group
Feature in geology
247.2–251.2 Induan 251.2–251.9 Permian Lopingian Changhsingian older Zechstein Major lithostratigraphic units of northwest Europe with the ICS's geologic
Bunter_(geology)
Hill range in Germany
Depression in its wider sense, because geologically recent layers of Zechstein and Bunter sandstone, and in places even younger Muschelkalk rocks, from
East_Hesse_Highlands
Valley in Lower Saxony, Germany
to the North Sea through the Porta Westfalica (gorge). Deposits of the Zechstein Sea from the Jurassic period, and later the Weser, as well as quantities
Deister-Süntel_valley
Lithostratigraphic unit in Europe
247.2–251.2 Induan 251.2–251.9 Permian Lopingian Changhsingian older Zechstein Major lithostratigraphic units of northwest Europe with the ICS's geologic
Keuper
Extinct genus of conifers
Walchia hypnoides: from the schists of Lodeve; also copper slates of the Zechstein in Mansfeld. At the same time period of 290 mya, another species was making
Walchia
Biosphere reserve in Germany
the Mansfeld Uplands in Pölsfeld. The gypsum karst landscape with its Zechstein deposits features caves, sink-holes, dolines, ponors and karst springs
South Harz Karst Landscape Biosphere Reserve
South_Harz_Karst_Landscape_Biosphere_Reserve
Extinction event around 260 million years ago
during the Capitanian to the southward migration of many taxa through the Zechstein Sea. Carbonate platform deposits in Hungary and Hydra show no sign of
Capitanian mass extinction event
Capitanian_mass_extinction_event
Mineral mine in North Yorkshire, England
Woods, Peter J. E. (September 1977). "Iron-boracite from the English Zechstein". Mineralogical Magazine. Vol. 41, no. 319. London: Mineralogical Society
Boulby_Mine
million years ago by the Zechstein Sea. Smaller disturbances in the more recent epochs of earth history allowed the less dense Zechstein salts to flow together
Segeberger_Kalkberg
(Triassic) Sherwood Sandstone Group (formerly Bunter Sandstone) (Triassic) Zechstein Group (Permian) Roxby Formation (calcareous mudstone, formerly Upper Anyhdrite
Geology_of_County_Durham
Valley in the Palatine Forest of Germany
metres Length 1.5 km (0.93 mi) Geology Type V-shaped valley Age Bunter, Zechstein Geography Location Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany Coordinates 49°16′15″N
Holpertal
Discontinuity in Halle. The salt deposits are situated in the Lopingian (Zechstein) area of the underground. The rich history of salt production in Halle
Hallors_and_Saline_Museum
Hill range in Germany
mountain-building sandstone rode up over a layer of saliniferous rock of the Zechstein. In the course of this process, mainly older rock strata that had hitherto
Elfas
Town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
to 1958. A source of 10-percentage brine with its origin in the deep Zechstein series was pumped in the Bölhorst mine and once used for balneotherapy
Minden
North sea well
The field was discovered in August 1971; the oil reservoir comprises Zechstein dolomite with an underlying Rotliegendes sandstone and a Jurassic sandstone
Argyll_oil_field
Salt dome in northern Germany
million years ago by the Zechstein Sea. More recently (in geological terms), smaller disturbances have allowed the less dense Zechstein salts to flow together
Lüneburg_Kalkberg
Under the serial number 340 were included the open high plateaus made of Zechstein and Bunter sandstone of the Waldeck Plain (3401) and the adjacent thickly
Waldeck_Plateau
Geological formation in eastern England
eastern England. 9-17 in Harwood, G M and Smith, D B (editors): The English Zechstein and Related Topics. Geological Society Special Publication No.22. v t
Roxby_Formation
Devonian Lias Group Early Jurassic Muschelkalk Triassic Posidonia Shale Lower Jurassic Rotliegend Permian Solnhofen Plattenkalk Jurassic Zechstein Permian
List of sedimentary formations in Germany
List_of_sedimentary_formations_in_Germany
Salt dome
area of Zechstein 2/Zechstein 3 intensive folding of the layers with high reduction of thickness occurs. In the border region Staßfurt to Zechstein 3 are
Gorleben_salt_dome
Former oil deposits in the Netherlands
Upper Rotliegendes sandstone at a depth of 4,217 to 4,337 metres, below Zechstein salt. The Logger oil field is in the adjacent Block L16 and is also a
Kotter and Logger oil and gas fields
Kotter_and_Logger_oil_and_gas_fields
Sixth stage of the Permian
postserrata first appears. The Wordian stage was part of the time in which the Zechstein was deposited in Europe. The Wordian spans the entire conodont biozone
Wordian
Event timeline of the NASA Mars Science Laboratory mission
this sample. 5 November 2021 (2021-11-05) (Sol 3289): Drill 34, at the Zechstein drill site. An evolved gas analysis would later be performed on this sample
Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory
Timeline_of_Mars_Science_Laboratory
Scottish oil reservoir
182 metres. The oil reservoir is a Rotliegendes sandstone overlaid with Zechstein carbonates and ls located at a depth of 2,316 metres (7,598 ft). Estimated
Auk_oilfield
the laying down of thick successions of rocksalt and anhydrite. This Zechstein stage also comprises dolomites and limestones. The salt is mined in the
Geology_of_the_Netherlands
Gat in the North Sea
1.5 to 3 kilometres thick and 6,000 metres in diameter - containing Zechstein salts. The shipping channel is marked by navigation aids and has a depth
Otzumer_Balje
distribution and usage. The stone belongs to the Cadeby Formation of the Permian Zechstein Group. It is a dolomitic limestone with a high quartz sand content (up
Mansfield_stone
Formation Ville Formation Vlieland Claystone Formation Vlieland Sandstone Formation Weiteveen Formation Werkendam Formation Zechstein Zurich Formation
List of stratigraphic units in the Netherlands
List_of_stratigraphic_units_in_the_Netherlands
Cave in the Thuringian Forest
former Zechstein reef. This region was in a threshold position at the beginning of the Zechstein period; Thuringia was covered by the Zechstein Sea, which
Kittelsthal_Dripstone_Cave
began in the Rotliegendes with continental depositions. Later, during the Zechstein and Muschelkalk the region was largely flooded by the sea. Bunter sandstone
Germanic_Basin
Gas field in the North Sea, United Kingdom
is a Lower Triassic (Middle and Lower Bunter) sandstone and a Permian Zechstein carbonate bed at a relatively shallow depth of 3,000–4,200 feet (914–1
Hewett_gas_field
Town in Hesse, Germany
390 m farther down, and, following at yet greater depths, Upper and Lower Zechstein from the Permian. From this layer come the two mineral springs in Bad
Bad_Hersfeld
a weak folding process. The Little Thuringian Forest is surrounded by Zechstein formations everywhere except along its border fault west of Gethles and
Little_Thuringian_Forest
Gas terminal in Bacton
from four subsea reservoirs: Permian Rotliegendes sandstone, Permian Zechstein magnesian limestone, and Lower Triassic Lower Bunter shale and Upper Bunter
Bacton_Gas_Terminal
Geologial formation in England
period of the Earth's geological history. This formation is part of the Zechstein Group of rocks, and is equivalent to the Kupferschiefer of Germany. The
Marl_Slate_Formation
ZECHSTEIN
ZECHSTEIN
ZECHSTEIN
ZECHSTEIN
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Flower beauty, star
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Servant of the Wise
Boy/Male
Hindu
Goddess of melody or master of melodic modes, The Man who sings sweet ragas
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Wetherell.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Precious Stone
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gaelic, Indian, Irish
Son of the Priest
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, Swedish
To Rejoice; Sea
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
With No Desire
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Blümle, from a pet form of Blum.English
Americanized spelling of German Blümle, from a pet form of Blum.English : variant spelling of Plumley.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Oriya, Sindhi
Of Heart; Friendship
ZECHSTEIN
ZECHSTEIN
ZECHSTEIN
ZECHSTEIN
ZECHSTEIN
n.
The upper division of the Permian (Dyas) of Europe. The prevailing rock is a magnesian limestone.