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A trihalide in chemistry is an organohalide consisting of three halide atoms bonded to a single atom or compound. An example of a trihalide is chloroform
Trihalide
There are three sets of gallium halides, the trihalides where gallium has oxidation state +3, the intermediate halides containing gallium in oxidation
Gallium_halides
Compound of gold with a halogen
quantum chemical study of monomeric and dimeric gold monohalide and gold trihalide molecules, AuX, Au2X2, AuX3, and Au2X6 (X = F, Cl, Br, I)", Chemistry
Gold_halide
Chemical element with atomic number 13 (Al)
heat→ Al2O3 + 6 HCl + 9 H2O All four trihalides are well known. Unlike the structures of the three heavier trihalides, aluminium fluoride (AlF3) features
Aluminium
Chemical element with atomic number 15 (P)
the case of trihalides and +5 for pentahalides and chalcoalides, but also +2 for disphosphorus tetrahalides. All four symmetrical trihalides are well known:
Phosphorus
Alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics
The most commonly studied perovskite absorber is methylammonium lead trihalide (CH3NH3PbX3, where X is a halogen ion such as iodide, bromide, or chloride)
Perovskite_solar_cell
Chemical element with atomic number 7 (N)
similarly analogous to the hydrohalic acids. All four simple nitrogen trihalides are known. A few mixed halides and hydrohalides are known, but are mostly
Nitrogen
Chemical compound
reinforced by its exothermic reactivity toward Lewis bases. In the boron trihalides, BX3, the length of the B–X bonds (1.30 Å) is shorter than would be expected
Boron_trifluoride
Chemical compound
Gallium(III) bromide (GaBr3) is a chemical compound and one of four gallium trihalides. At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, Gallium(III) bromide is
Gallium(III)_bromide
Class of elements
halides include monohalides TlX, where thallium has oxidation state +1, trihalides TlX3, where thallium generally has oxidation state +3, and some intermediate
Thallium_halides
Chemical compounds containing a lanthanide element
temperature to form oxohalides. The trihalides were important as pure metal can be prepared from them. In the gas phase the trihalides are planar or approximately
Lanthanide_compounds
Class of chemical compounds
There are three sets of Indium halides, the trihalides, the monohalides, and several intermediate halides. In the monohalides the oxidation state of indium
Indium_halides
Chemical compounds containing phosphorus bound to a halogen
triiodide also finds use in organic chemistry, as a mild oxygen acceptor. The trihalides are fairly readily oxidized by chalcogens to give the corresponding oxyhalides
Phosphorus_halide
Chemical compound
reactive towards water. Boron reacts with halogens to give the corresponding trihalides. Boron trichloride is, however, produced industrially by chlorination
Boron_trichloride
Organic compound (CH3–C≡N); simplest organic nitrile
(October 1969). "Nature of the donor-acceptor bond in acetonitrile-boron trihalides. The structures of the boron trifluoride and boron trichloride complexes
Acetonitrile
Chemical compound
Scandium bromide, or ScBr3, is a trihalide, hygroscopic, water-soluble chemical compound of scandium and bromine. ScBr3 is produced through the burning
Scandium_bromide
Chemical element with atomic number 5 (B)
6 Cl2 → 2 BCl3 + 3 CO The trihalides adopt a planar trigonal structures, in contrast to the behavior of aluminium trihalides. All charge-neutral boron
Boron
Chemical element with atomic number 35 (Br)
tribromide is named as a bromide as it is analogous to the other nitrogen trihalides.) Bromination of metals with Br2 tends to yield lower oxidation states
Bromine
Industrial chemical and medication
anhydrous HF and HCl, arsenic trioxide converts to the corresponding trihalide. The tribromide and triiodide are made using concentrated hydrobromic
Arsenic_trioxide
Chemical element with atomic number 44 (Ru)
black α-form and a dark brown β-form: the trihydrate is red. Of the known trihalides, trifluoride is dark brown and decomposes above 650 °C, tribromide is
Ruthenium
Chemical element with atomic number 39 (Y)
attack yttrium, but other strong acids do. With halogens, yttrium forms trihalides such as yttrium(III) fluoride (YF 3), yttrium(III) chloride (YCl 3), and
Yttrium
Group 15 elements of the periodic table with valency 5
oxide, and it forms all four trihalides. Antimony forms antimony(III) oxide and antimonite but not oxyacids. Its trihalides, antimony trifluoride, antimony
Pnictogen
Chemical element with atomic number 33 (As)
kalgoorlieite, and the anion As2Te− is known as a ligand in cobalt complexes. All trihalides of arsenic(III) are well known except the astatide, which is unknown.
Arsenic
Chemical compound
quantum chemical study of monomeric and dimeric gold monohalide and gold trihalide molecules, AuX, Au2X2, AuX3, and Au2X6 (X = F, Cl, Br, I)", Chemistry
Gold(III)_iodide
Chemical element with atomic number 31 (Ga)
with bromine and iodine, Ga 2Br 6 and Ga 2I 6. Like the other group 13 trihalides, gallium(III) halides are Lewis acids, reacting as halide acceptors with
Gallium
Model of chemical bonding in which three atoms share four electrons
1951 seminal paper, Pimentel rationalized the bonding in hypervalent trihalide ions (X− 3, X = F, Br, Cl, I) via a molecular orbital (MO) description
Three-center four-electron bond
Three-center_four-electron_bond
Chemical element with atomic number 51 (Sb)
[Sb8S13]2−. Antimony forms two series of halides: SbX3 and SbX5. The trihalides SbF3, SbCl3, SbBr3, and SbI3 are all molecular compounds having trigonal
Antimony
Organic reaction: addition of a halogen to the alpha carbon of a ketone
methyl ketones, this reaction often occurs a third time to form a ketone trihalide, which can undergo rapid substitution with water to form a carboxylate
Ketone_halogenation
Group of low-reactive, gaseous chemical elements
897 Weinhold 2005, pp. 275–306 Pimentel, G. C. (1951). "The Bonding of Trihalide and Bifluoride Ions by the Molecular Orbital Method". The Journal of Chemical
Noble_gas
Chemical element with atomic number 81 (Tl)
valence 6s and 6p orbitals of thallium with the 1s orbital of hydrogen. The trihalides are more stable, although they are chemically distinct from those of the
Thallium
Elements with atomic numbers 57-70
temperature to form oxohalides. The trihalides were important as pure metal can be prepared from them. In the gas phase the trihalides are planar or approximately
Lanthanide
Chemical element with atomic number 83 (Bi)
melts); with other halogens it yields only bismuth(III) halides. The trihalides are corrosive and easily react with moisture, forming oxyhalides with
Bismuth
Substance that can explode
peroxide Nickel hydrazine nitrate Nickel hydrazine perchlorate Nitrogen trihalides: Nitrogen trichloride Nitrogen tribromide Nitrogen triiodide Nitroglycerin
Explosive
Chemical element with atomic number 24 (Cr)
tetrahalides, CrF4, CrCl4, and CrBr4, can be produced by treating the trihalides (CrX 3) with the corresponding halogen at elevated temperatures. Such
Chromium
dihalides and trihalides with the halogens fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. The dihalides are susceptible to oxidation to the trihalides at room temperature
Ytterbium_compounds
Chemical element with atomic number 77 (Ir)
sesquisulfides, and sesquiselenides are known, as well as IrS 3. Binary trihalides, IrX 3, are known for all of the halogens. For oxidation states +4 and
Iridium
Calcium titanium oxide mineral
(2015). "Low trap-state density and long carrier diffusion in organolead trihalide perovskite single crystals". Science. 347: 519–522. Lin, Q.; Armin, A
Perovskite
Chemical bond theory
Simplest are those that react directly with the Lewis base, such as boron trihalides and the pentahalides of phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony. In the same
Lewis_acids_and_bases
Chemical element with atomic number 58 (Ce)
coordination chemistry in the +4 oxidation state. Cerium forms all four trihalides CeX3 (X = F, Cl, Br, I) usually by reaction of the oxides with the hydrogen
Cerium
Chemical compound
NI3 is pyramidal (C3v molecular symmetry), as are the other nitrogen trihalides and ammonia. The material that is usually called "nitrogen triiodide"
Nitrogen_triiodide
Chemical element with atomic number 70 (Yb)
dihalides and trihalides with the halogens fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. The dihalides are susceptible to oxidation to the trihalides at room temperature
Ytterbium
Chemical element with atomic number 49 (In)
compounds are Lewis acids, somewhat akin to the better known aluminium trihalides. Again like the related aluminium compound, InF3 is polymeric. Indium
Indium
Ion with formula HF2 and charge 1-
9: 91–124. doi:10.1039/CS9800900091. Pimentel, G. C. The Bonding of Trihalide and Bifluoride Ions by the Molecular Orbital Method. J. Chem. Phys. 1951
Bifluoride
Chemical compound
Krüss. Gold(III) bromide adopts structures seen for the other gold(III) trihalide dimeric compounds, such as the chloride. The gold centers exhibit square
Gold(III)_bromide
Chemical element with atomic number 71 (Lu)
Lutetium metal is known to react with the four lightest halogens to form trihalides; except the fluoride they are soluble in water. Lutetium dissolves readily
Lutetium
Chemical compound
ISBN 9780470771259. R. R. Holmes (1960). "An examination of the basic nature of the trihalides of phosphorus, arsenic and antimony". Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear
Phosphorus_trichloride
Chemical compound
polymeric and adopts the AlCl3 structure. BiBr3 is the only group 15 trihalide that can adopt both molecular and polymeric structures. Bismuth bromide
Bismuth_tribromide
Chemical reaction which attaches an electrophile to an aromatic ring
reaction is typically catalyzed by the corresponding iron or aluminum trihalide. The Friedel–Crafts reaction can be performed either as an acylation or
Electrophilic aromatic substitution
Electrophilic_aromatic_substitution
Chemical element with atomic number 113 (Nh)
a possible vacant coordination site on the lighter T-shaped nihonium trihalides is expected to allow a similar stabilisation of NhF− 4 and perhaps NhCl−
Nihonium
Chemical element with atomic number 99 (Es)
include EsOCl, EsOBr and EsOI. These salts are synthesized by treating a trihalide with a vapor mixture of water and the corresponding hydrogen halide: for
Einsteinium
Chemical element with atomic number 67 (Ho)
Holmium(III) selenide is also known. It is antiferromagnetic below 6 K. All four trihalides of holmium are known. Holmium(III) fluoride is a yellowish powder that
Holmium
Novel type of computer memory
inorganic perovskite materials for memristors. Recently, ABX3-type lead trihalide perovskites have received extensive research interest for using in optoelectronic
Resistive random-access memory
Resistive_random-access_memory
Solar-cell architecture
Michael B.; Herz, Laura M.; Snaith, Henry J. (2014). "Formamidinium lead trihalide: a broadly tunable perovskite for efficient planar heterojunction solar
Heterojunction_solar_cell
Chemical compound
thallium and iodine with empirical formula TlI3. Unlike the other thallium trihalides, which contain thallium(III), TlI3 is actually a thallium(I) salt containing
Thallium_triiodide
Weak acid with formula H3BO3
NaCl + 5 H2O It is also formed as a byproduct of hydrolysis of boron trihalides and diborane: B2H6 + 6 H2O → 2 B(OH)3 + 6 H2 BX3 + 3 H2O → B(OH)3 + 3
Boric_acid
Chemical compounds containing aluminium
heat→ Al2O3 + 6 HCl + 9 H2O All four trihalides are well known. Unlike the structures of the three heavier trihalides, aluminium fluoride (AlF3) features
Aluminium_compounds
Chemical element with atomic number 62 (Sm)
about 0.4 kbar. Samarium metal reacts with all the halogens, forming trihalides: 2 Sm (s) + 3 X2 (g) → 2 SmX3 (s) (X = F, Cl, Br or I) Their further reduction
Samarium
Category of metallic elements
(largely covalent) oxidation state, as seen in its chalcogenides and trihalides. It and aluminium are the only Group 13 elements to react with air at
Post-transition_metal
Chemical element with atomic number 64 (Gd)
found on rare occasions in the 0, +1 and +2 oxidation states. All four trihalides are known. All are white, except for the iodide, which is yellow. Most
Gadolinium
Chemical element with atomic number 57 (La)
lutetium. Lanthanum reacts with the halogens at room temperature to form the trihalides, and upon warming will form binary compounds with the nonmetals nitrogen
Lanthanum
Chemical element with atomic number 96 (Cm)
Stevenson, J. N. (1975). "Crystallographic studies of some transuranic trihalides: 239PuCl3, 244CmBr3, 249BkBr3 and 249CfBr3". Journal of Inorganic and
Curium
Chemical compound
Stevenson, J.N. (Mar 1975). "Crystallographic studies of some transuranic trihalides: 239PuCl3, 244CmBr3, 249BkBr3 and 249CfBr3". Journal of Inorganic and
Berkelium(III)_bromide
Theoretical chemical element with atomic number 121 (Ubu)
to extra atoms or groups, resulting in the formation of the unbiunium trihalides UbuX3, analogous to LaX3 and AcX3. Hence, the main oxidation state of
Unbiunium
Chemical compound
(2023-07-17). "Polaronic and Mott insulating phase of layered magnetic vanadium trihalide VCl3". Physical Review B. 108 (4) 045126. arXiv:2301.06501. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB
Vanadium(III)_chloride
Chemical compound
nitrogen trihalides nitrogen trichloride, nitrogen tribromide, and nitrogen triiodide, all of which are explosive. Alone among the nitrogen trihalides it has
Nitrogen_trifluoride
Chemical element with atomic number 59 (Pr)
H2 (g) Praseodymium metal reacts with all the stable halogens to form trihalides: 2 Pr (s) + 3 F2 (g) → 2 PrF3 (s) [green] 2 Pr (s) + 3 Cl2 (g) → 2 PrCl3
Praseodymium
Chemical element with atomic number 97 (Bk)
Stevenson, J. N. (1975). "Crystallographic studies of some transuranic trihalides: 239PuCl3, 244CmBr3, 249BkBr3 and 249CfBr3". Journal of Inorganic and
Berkelium
Chemical compound containing a noble gas element
ISBN 0-416-03270-2. Pimentel, George C. (April 1951). "The bonding of trihalide and bifluoride ions by the molecular orbital method". The Journal of Chemical
Noble_gas_compound
Chemical compound
titanium cations precludes direct metal-metal bonding. In contrast, the trihalides of the heavier metals hafnium and zirconium engage in metal-metal bonding
Titanium(III)_chloride
Chemical compound known as stannic oxide, cassiterite and tin ore
deposition, vapour deposition techniques that employ SnCl4 or organotin trihalides e.g. butyltin trichloride as the volatile agent. This technique is used
Tin(IV)_oxide
McDivitt, J. R.; Humphrey, G. L. (1974). "Spectroscopic Studies of the Boron Trihalide and Borane Complexes of 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane and Quinuclidine"
George_L._Humphrey
Chemical compound
three-dimensional polymeric structure, AlF3 has a high melting point. The other trihalides of aluminium in the solid state differ, AlCl3 has a layer structure and
Aluminium_fluoride
Chemical compound
symmetry. A scientific study of the stability of this and other metal trihalides at 50 °C was published by Nelsoon and Sharpe in 1956. Aerodynamic properties
Cobalt(III)_chloride
Two phenyl rings linked by a N=N double bond
nitrogen with a pKa = -2.95. It functions as a Lewis base, e.g. toward boron trihalides. It binds to low valence metal centers, e.g. Ni(Ph2N2)(PPh3)2 is well
Azobenzene
Chemical compounds with at least one neodymium atom
light Neodymium compounds in normal daylight Neodymium can form four trihalides of the form NdX3. It reacts vigorously with all the stable halogens: 2Nd
Neodymium_compounds
Class of semiconductor nanocrystals
2015). "Low trap-state density and long carrier diffusion in organolead trihalide perovskite single crystals". Science. 347 (6221): 519–522. Bibcode:2015Sci
Perovskite_nanocrystal
Chemical compound
including antimony compounds, such as antimony trioxide or antimony trihalides, zinc compounds (zinc lactate) and tin compounds like stannous octoate
Polyglycolide
American chemist
"Electron-hole diffusion lengths exceeding 1 micrometer in an organometal trihalide perovskite absorber". Science. 342 (6156): 341–344. Bibcode:2013Sci..
Annamaria_Petrozza
Chemical compound
volatile and can therefore easily be separated from the involatile zirconium trihalide. This group 4 halide contains hafnium in the +4 oxidation state. Solid
Hafnium_tetrachloride
Chemical group (R–S–Cl)
doi:10.1246/cl.2009.1188. Braverman, S.; Cherkinsky, M.; Levinger, S. (2008). "Alkylsulfur Trihalides". Sci. Synth. 39: 187–188. ISBN 9781588905307.
Sulfenyl_chloride
Chemical compounds
p. 48 Burns, J. (1975). "Crystallographic studies of some transuranic trihalides: 239PuCl3, 244CmBr3, 249BkBr3 and 249CfBr3". Journal of Inorganic and
Berkelium_compounds
Organometallic compounds of thallium
compounds, like those of indium and gallium, can be prepared from thallium trihalides and Grignard reagents or organolithium reagents, though the former may
Organothallium_chemistry
Any chemical compound having at least one bromine atom
tribromide is named as a bromide as it is analogous to the other nitrogen trihalides.) Bromination of metals with Br2 tends to yield lower oxidation states
Bromine_compounds
Chemical compounds containing arsenic
kalgoorlieite, and the anion As2Te− is known as a ligand in cobalt complexes. All trihalides of arsenic(III) are well known except the astatide, which is unknown.
Arsenic_compounds
Any chemical compound having at least one nitrogen atom
similarly analogous to the hydrohalic acids. All four simple nitrogen trihalides are known. A few mixed halides and hydrohalides are known, but are mostly
Nitrogen_compounds
Branch of organic chemistry
terminal or bridging (see Table). The hydrolysis of the monoorganotin trihalides has the potential to generate stannanoic acids, RSnO2H. As for the diorganotin
Organotin_chemistry
Physicist
"Electron-Hole Diffusion Lengths Exceeding 1 Micrometer in an Organometal Trihalide Perovskite Absorber". Science. 342 (6156): 341–344. Bibcode:2013Sci..
Laura_Herz
Class of chemical compounds
co-workers in 1984, through condensation of a diketoamine with a phosphorus trihalide in the presence of base. This group reported also on the first systematic
Nontrigonal pnictogen compounds
Nontrigonal_pnictogen_compounds
Addition of a hydrogen-boron bond to C=C, C=N, C=O, or C≡C bonds
monochloro-borane can be prepared from BMS and the corresponding boron trihalides. The stable complex of monochloroborane and 1,4-dioxane effects hydroboration
Hydroboration
Chemical compound
Co. Holmes, R. R. (1960). "An Examination of the Basic Nature of the Trihalides of Phosphorus, Arsenic and Antimony". Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear
Phosphorus_tribromide
British Professor of Physics
TiO2 and the recent discovery of high efficiency solid-state organometal trihalide perovskite-based thin film and mesosuperstructured solar cells. In 2010
Henry_Snaith
Any chemical compound having at least one fluorine atom
melting point solid which is a monomer in the gas phase, while its other trihalides are low-melting, volatile molecules or linear polymeric chains that form
Fluorine_compounds
Chemical compounds
form all four trihalides. They are strong electrolytes in water, and all but the fluoride are soluble in water. Anhydrous europium trihalides can be prepared
Europium_compounds
Chemical compound
Co. Holmes, R. R. (1960). "An Examination of the Basic Nature of the Trihalides of Phosphorus, Arsenic and Antimony". Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear
Phosphorus_trifluoride
(Me2N)3P + 3 [H2NMe2]Cl where Me = methyl. The amination of phosphorus trihalides occur sequentially, with each amination proceeding slower than before:
Aminophosphine
Organic compounds that contain sulfur
PMID 19768827. Braverman, S.; Cherkinsky, M.; Levinger, S. (2008). "Alkylsulfur Trihalides". In Kambe, N. (ed.). Science of Synthesis. Vol. 39. Thieme. pp. 187–188
Organosulfur_chemistry
lighter congeners. Triphenylbismuth undergoes redistribution with its trihalide to give the mixed derivatives such as diphenylbismuth chloride (Ph2BiCl)
Organobismuth_chemistry
Chemical compound
Stevenson, J.N. (March 1975). "Crystallographic studies of some transuranic trihalides: 239PuCl3, 244CmBr3, 249BkBr3 and 249CfBr3". Journal of Inorganic and
Californium(III)_bromide
Professor of Optoelectronics
"Electron-Hole Diffusion Lengths Exceeding 1 Micrometer in an Organometal Trihalide Perovskite Absorber". Science. 342 (6156): 341–344. Bibcode:2013Sci..
Sam_Stranks
Chemical compound
1889–1897. Zasorin, E. Z. (1988). "Structure of the rare-earth element trihalide molecules from electron diffraction and spectral data". Russ. J. Phys
Ytterbium(III)_chloride
TRIHALIDE
TRIHALIDE
TRIHALIDE
TRIHALIDE
Boy/Male
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Second son.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Gift
Girl/Female
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Giver of Happiness
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Surname.
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Golden light
Surname or Lastname
Catalan
Catalan : occupational name for a blacksmith or a worker in iron, from Latin ferrarius. This is the commonest Catalan surname.English : variant of Farrar.
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Arabic, Muslim
Lover; Paramour
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Chinese
mountain spring.
TRIHALIDE
TRIHALIDE
TRIHALIDE
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