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Technique for artificially transferring genetic material
molecular biology, subcloning is a technique used to move a particular DNA sequence from a parent vector to a destination vector. Subcloning is not to be confused
Subcloning
T cloning) is a subcloning technique that avoids the use of restriction enzymes and is easier and quicker than traditional subcloning. The technique relies
TA_cloning
Ends of DNA molecules
strand. The concept is used in molecular biology, in cloning, or when subcloning insert DNA into vector DNA. Such ends may be generated by restriction
Sticky_and_blunt_ends
Tendency of a medical condition to become progressively worse
genomes. Cancers usually show tumour heterogeneity, containing multiple subclones. They also frequently have reduced expression of DNA repair enzymes due
Malignancy
Deliberate fragmentation of DNA in preparation for analysis
electrophoresis, and chromatography. It is used in genetic fingerprinting, plasmid subcloning, and RFLP analysis. A given restriction enzyme cuts DNA segments within
Restriction_digest
Cell line used for scientific research
reported in 1973. A neuroblast-like subclone of SK-N-SH, named SH-SY, was subcloned as SH-SY5, which was subcloned a third time to produce the SH-SY5Y
SH-SY5Y
Oldest cultured human cell line (1951)
definitive" characterization of the karyotypes of six HeLa CCL-2 cells from two subclones. Although most normal chromosomes are present in 2 copies, quite a few
HeLa
Process of stem cells differentiating into fat cells
ob/ob mice FBS+ I+ T3 TA1 Subclone of C3H10T1/2 FBS + D + I 30A5 Subclone of C3H10T1/2 FBS + D + M + I 1246 Adipogenic Subclone of CH3 mouse teratocarcinoma
Adipogenesis
Short strand of RNA or DNA that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis
One application for this practice is for use in TA cloning, a special subcloning technique similar to PCR, where efficiency can be increased by adding
Primer_(molecular_biology)
Study of evolutionary relationships between organisms
rates of mutation, the high heterogeneity (variability) of tumor cell subclones, and the absence of genetic recombination. Phylogenetics can also aid
Phylogenetics
Observation of the diversity of tumour cells
may give rise to subclones that possess an evolutionary advantage over the others within the tumour environment, and these subclones may become dominant
Tumour_heterogeneity
were derived in 1961 by I. A. Macpherson and M. G. P. Stoker. Nowadays, subclone 13 is occasionally used, which was originally derived by single-cell isolation
Baby_hamster_kidney_cell
Molecular biology method for cloning DNA fragments
kinds of organisms, from mammals to bacteria. Cloning Gateway cassette Subcloning "Gateway Cloning". Molecular Cloning Essentials. Thermo Fisher Scientific
Gateway_Technology
Repetitive DNA with distinct base composition
experimental observations. That particular strand-biased divergent domain was subcloned and its altered helical structure was studied in greater detail. A fifth
Satellite_DNA
American biologist
2011.07.023. PMC 3169815. PMID 21855840. Roach, J. C. (1995). "Random subcloning". Genome Research. 5 (5): 464–73. doi:10.1101/gr.5.5.464. PMID 8808467
Jared_Roach
Mouse myoblast cell line
is an immortalized mouse myoblast cell line. The C2C12 cell line is a subclone of myoblasts that were originally obtained by Yaffe and Saxel at the Weizmann
C2C12
Group of antiviral drugs
"Double-Stranded RNA Activated Caspase Oligomerizer (DRACO): Design, Subcloning, and Antiviral Investigation". Journal of Applied Biotechnology Reports
Double-stranded RNA activated caspase oligomerizer
Double-stranded_RNA_activated_caspase_oligomerizer
Small piece of maintainable DNA
DNA fragment has been cloned into a cloning vector, it may be further subcloned into another vector designed for more specific use. There are many types
Cloning_vector
Standard for components used in DNA synthesis
10 or Silver Standard) within existing plasmids (i.e. without PCR or subcloning). The plasmids are reacted in vivo with sequence-specific DNA methyltransferases
BioBrick
Fragment
single peptide. As an alternative, scFv can be created directly from subcloned heavy and light chains derived from a hybridoma. ScFvs have many uses
Single-chain variable fragment
Single-chain_variable_fragment
Ability of a cell to take up DNA
yielding transformation efficiencies that are adequate for cloning and subcloning applications, approximately 106 CFU/μg. One of the early methods used
Transformation_efficiency
Set of methods in molecular biology
experiments usually begin with cloning into a bacterial plasmid, followed by subcloning into a specialized vector. Whatever combination of host and vector are
Molecular_cloning
Method which allows the purification and detection of proteins
FLAG-tag), the Strep-tag can be easily fused to recombinant proteins during subcloning of its cDNA or gene. For its expression, various vectors for various host
Strep-tag
InterPro Family
siderophore group nonribosomal. Rusnak F, Faraci WS, Walsh CT (August 1989). "Subcloning, expression, and purification of the enterobactin biosynthetic enzyme
(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)adenylate synthase
(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)adenylate_synthase
Group of cells
subclones were further tested for their ability to produce a stable hybridoma and monoclonal antibody secretion. After multiple rounds of subcloning and
Rabbit_hybridoma
Mammalian protein found in humans
receptor or in its enhancer, mostly, suggesting the presence of different subclones with different genotypes of these receptors. Androgen receptor has been
Androgen_receptor
Molecular biology technique
methods common to most purification tags. The most basic method is to subclone the gene of interest into a vector containing a polyhistidine tag sequence
His-tag
Molecular cloning method for DNA assembly
fragment containing all assembled genes to be excised from the vector and subcloned in a next level of cloning (Level P). Level P vectors are similar to level
Golden_Gate_Cloning
near haploid and hyperdiploid clones. Subsequent subcloning yielded a pure near-haploid cell line (subclone P1-55). Genome analysis has revealed that besides
KBM-7_cells
Cell lines of mouse embryonic fibroblasts
1962 cell line 3T3-J2, a subclone of 3T3-Swiss albino, commonly used as feeders for keratinocyte cultures 3T3-L1, a subclone of 3T3-Swiss albino, used
3T3_cells
Collection of genetic material fragments
are examples of in vivo excision systems. In vitro excision involves subcloning often using traditional restriction enzymes and cloning strategies. In
Library_(biology)
Cell line used in biological research
study adipose tissue-related diseases and dysfunctions. The 3T3-L1 Swiss subclone line has been widely utilized, since its development, due to its affinity
3T3-L1
Protein found in humans
to cytokeratins and lamins with termini less than 50 residues). After subcloning the human nestin gene into plasmid vectors, Dahlstrand et al. determined
Nestin_(protein)
viewing restriction cut sites in tables and on linear and circular maps. A Subcloning tool for the assembly of constructs using Restriction Sites or Gibson
DNADynamo
Separation or breakage of DNA strands into pieces
DNA fragmentation is often necessary prior to library construction or subcloning for DNA sequences. A variety of methods involving the mechanical breakage
DNA_fragmentation
characteristics of the zinc fingers. Once a ZFP has been selected, its sequence is subcloned from pComb3H into a modified bacterial expression vector, pMal-c2, linking
Zinc_finger_chimera
Muscular degenerative disease of the face, shoulder blades, and upper arms
fragment during southern blot. The name "p13E-11" reflects that it is a subclone of a DNA sequence designated as cosmid 13E during the human genome project
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Facioscapulohumeral_muscular_dystrophy
Biotechnological process
example, a DNA sequence for a protein of interest could be cloned or subcloned into a high copy-number plasmid containing the lac (often LacUV5) promoter
Protein_production
and chromothripsis events are sensitively detected in single cells or subclones, using single-cell tri-channel processing (scTRIP). scTRIP works via joint
Single-cell DNA template strand sequencing
Single-cell_DNA_template_strand_sequencing
Class of enzymes
Inglese J, Johnson DL, Shiau A, Smith JM, Benkovic SJ (February 1990). "Subcloning, characterization, and affinity labeling of Escherichia coli glycinamide
Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase
Phosphoribosylglycinamide_formyltransferase
Concept in universal algebra in mathematics
more general concept includes all clones without nullary operations as subclones of the clone of all at-least-unary operations and is in accordance with
Clone_(algebra)
Biological theory
doi:10.1126/science.7542800. PMID 7542800. Roach JC (1995). "Random subcloning". Genome Research. 5 (5): 464–473. doi:10.1101/gr.5.5.464. PMID 8808467
DNA_sequencing_theory
degree of heterogeneity, because they consist of tumor cells of multiple subclones, immune cells, and other cell types. Beyond cancer, many gene expression
Tissue_heterogeneity
Species of sea squirt
from the main body to form an independent colony usually referred to as a subclone. Two colonies may also fuse together if they share common alleles for historecognition
Botryllus_schlosseri
Technology for screening small molecule compounds
complementary oligonucleotide microarrays or by concatenation of the codes, subcloning and sequencing. The individual building blocks can eventually be conjugated
DNA-encoded_chemical_library
Model of cancer
unbiased sampling of the whole tumor, eliminating spatially segregate subclones that are otherwise inadvertently selected during analysis or tumor passaging
Patient_derived_xenograft
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Hooghe R, et al. (July 2002). "Recombinant human CIS2 (SOCS2) protein: subcloning, expression, purification, and characterization". Protein Expression and
SOCS2
Different genetic causes for the same disease
reconstruction of clonal evolution and identification of rare resistant subclones. It has been instrumental in identifying subtypes of tumor-infiltrating
Genetic_heterogeneity
Use of math in the study of cancer
clonal evolution leads to intratumor heterogeneity, in which distinct subclones coexist within the same tumor, as demonstrated by multiregion sequencing
Mathematical_oncology
Digital information reflecting an individual's karyotype
within a region of apparent copy number loss. Low-level mosaicism or small subclones may not be detected by virtual karyotypes because the presence of normal
Virtual_karyotype
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
2000). "Human nuclear respiratory factor 2 alpha subunit cDNA: isolation, subcloning, sequencing, and in situ hybridization of transcripts in normal and monocularly
GABPA
derived from a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The P1-55 subclone of KBM-7 has a karyotype of 25,XY,+8,Ph(+): this means that it has one
HAP1_cells
Lattice in universal algebra
⊤ (often called Post's classes) are M, D, A, P0, P1, and every proper subclone of ⊤ is contained in one of them. As a set B of connectives is functionally
Post's_lattice
Molecular biology pattern in cancer genomes
before such mutation is repaired, the mutation gets passed on to the subclones. The original CG pair will become a TA pair after one round of replication
Kataegis
American physician-scientist and pathologist
methods such as Differential Subclone Eradication and Resistance (DSER) for identifying therapeutic targets and subclone response patterns. In 2024, a
G._Steven_Bova
Species of virus
group 1 (SpV1), isolated from Spiroplasma citri strain R8A2 (SpV1-R8A2) subclone B (SpV1-R8A2 B). SpV1 viruses are classified by their naked rods. SpV1
Spiroplasma_phage_1-R8A2B
marked as UV-sensitive. The cells were transfected with human DNA, and subclones were isolated as UV-radiation levels were restored to their normal state
Excision repair cross-complementing
Excision_repair_cross-complementing
medicine, as single-cell RNA sequencing and genotyping can characterize subclones of the same tumour, and lead to the identification therapy-resistant cells
Cancer_pharmacogenomics
Micro RNA involved in the regulation of multiple genes
Overexpression of miR-205 in an intestinal epithelial cell line (Caco-2 subclone) promoted accumulation of mucus-secreting goblet cell-like cells and mucin
Mir-205
the expansion and decline of initial clones and discover newly acquired subclones that arise during treatment. Understanding clonal dynamics improves understanding
PyClone
SUBCLONING
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Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Desire
Male
German
 German form of Latin Marcus, MARKUS means "defense" or "of the sea." Compare with another form of Markus.
Girl/Female
English
Young deer. The Greek mythological deity of fertility and nature was Fauna. She was famous for...
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sanskrit
Well Being; Existence
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Respected Daughter
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Shining
Female
Slovene
Feminine form of Slovene Damijan, DAMIJANA means "to tame, to subdue" and euphemistically "to kill."Â
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil
Goddess Lakshmi; Yagya; Divine Beauty
Girl/Female
Tamil
Silvery
Girl/Female
Tamil
Devasena | தேவஸேநா
Lord subramanians wife
SUBCLONING
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SUBCLONING
SUBCLONING