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Form of learning
classical conditioning, second-order conditioning or higher-order conditioning is a form of learning in which the first stimulus is classically conditioned to
Second-order_conditioning
Topics referred to by the same term
classical conditioning involving aversive stimuli Second-order conditioning, a two-step process in classical conditioning Evaluative conditioning, a form
Conditioning
Method for finding the extrema of a function
second-order derivative test. As shown below, the second-derivative test is mathematically identical to the special case of n = 1 in the higher-order
Derivative_test
Topics referred to by the same term
concentration Second-order conditioning, a form of learning from previous learning Second-order desire, the desire to have a desire for something Second-order stimulus
Second-order
Aspect of learning procedure
Classical conditioning (also respondent conditioning and Pavlovian conditioning) is a behavioral procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e
Classical_conditioning
Type of associative learning process for behavioral modification
Operant conditioning, also called instrumental conditioning, is a learning process in which voluntary behaviors are modified by association with the addition
Operant_conditioning
Form of logic that allows quantification over predicates
mathematics, second-order logic is an extension of first-order logic, which itself is an extension of propositional logic. Second-order logic is in turn
Second-order_logic
Cooling of air in an enclosed space
annually owing to air conditioning. Air conditioners increase productivity in hot climates, and historians rank air conditioning as a key factor that shaped
Air_conditioning
Physical process of transition between basic states of matter
transition is second-order at zero external field;[citation needed] for a Type-II superconductor, the phase transition is second-order for both normal-state–mixed-state
Phase_transition
System to cool the air in a vehicle
Automotive air conditioning systems use air conditioning to cool the air in a vehicle. A company in New York City in the United States first offered the
Automotive_air_conditioning
Open-source robot simulator
Baldassarre G., A computational model of the amygdala nuclei's role in second order conditioning. In M. Asada et al. (eds.), From Animals to Animats 10: Proceedings
Webots
the Legendre–Clebsch condition is a second-order condition which a solution of the Euler–Lagrange equation must satisfy in order to be a minimum. For
Legendre–Clebsch_condition
Probability theory term
and measure theory. Conditioning leads to a non-random result if the condition is completely specified; otherwise, if the condition is left random, the
Conditioning_(probability)
Partial order between random variables
definitions of first-order stochastic dominance, given above. First-order stochastic dominance of A over B is a sufficient condition for second-order dominance of
Stochastic_dominance
Mathematics
In mathematics, the Neumann (or second-type) boundary condition is a type of boundary condition, named after Carl Neumann. When imposed on an ordinary
Neumann_boundary_condition
approximately 90% of the time. Bees also showed second-order conditioning, learning to associate a second odor with the original odor. The PER paradigm
Proboscis_extension_reflex
Polynomial function of degree two
which of the two is meant. Sometimes the word "order" is used with the meaning of "degree", e.g. a second-order polynomial. However, where the "degree of a
Quadratic_function
Topics referred to by the same term
command, various military and police organizations Second-order condition, a mathematical condition that distinguishes maxima and minima from other stationary
SOC
Scottish Vocational Qualification - Second language acquisition - Secondary education - Second-order conditioning - Self-concept - Self-criticism - Self-Determination
Index_of_education_articles
Problem of allocation of money by consumers in order to most benefit themselves
quasi-concave. That is, the second order condition for maximum holds. In the two goods example the second-order condition implies that the utility function
Utility_maximization_problem
SL – special linear group. SO – special orthogonal group. SOC – second order condition. Soln – solution. Sp – symplectic group. Sp – trace of a matrix
List of mathematical abbreviations
List_of_mathematical_abbreviations
When a system's behavior depends on timing of uncontrollable events
intermediate patterns that can trigger false matches. A critical race condition occurs when the order in which internal variables are changed determines the eventual
Race_condition
fought in the Second Battle of Bull Run, also known as the Second Battle of Manassas, of the American Civil War. The Confederate order of battle is listed
Second Battle of Bull Run order of battle: Union
Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run_order_of_battle:_Union
Function that takes one or more functions as an input or that outputs a function
In mathematics and computer science, a higher-order function (HOF) is a function that does at least one of the following: takes one or more functions
Higher-order_function
Season of American television series (1999–2000)
seasons on the original Law & Order and later reprised his role in Exiled: A Law & Order Movie. He joined the cast on the condition that he not be asked to
Law & Order: Special Victims Unit season 1
Law_&_Order:_Special_Victims_Unit_season_1
which is now a conditioned response (CR, salivation, in this example). To accomplish this, delayed conditioning (see classical conditioning) is generally
Sensory_preconditioning
Generalised alphabetical order
lexicographic or lexicographical order (also known as lexical order, or dictionary order) is a generalization of the alphabetical order of the dictionaries to sequences
Lexicographic_order
Terms to describe a conditional relationship between two statements
necessary condition is one (possibly one of several conditions) that must be present in order for another condition to occur, while a sufficient condition is
Necessity_and_sufficiency
Mathematical model as an economic concept
the "more is better" principle, the first order condition will be positive; however, the second order condition will be negative, due to the principle of
Consumption_smoothing
American television series (2001–2011)
Law & Order: Criminal Intent is an American police procedural drama television series set in New York City, where it was also primarily produced. Created
Law_&_Order:_Criminal_Intent
Type of functional equation (mathematics)
only first-order derivatives is a first-order differential equation, an equation containing the second-order derivative is a second-order differential
Differential_equation
American government policy since 2025
abandoning deportees. They also raised concerns over inadequate air conditioning and lavatory facilities, as well as rules prohibiting them from speaking
Deportation in the second Trump administration
Deportation_in_the_second_Trump_administration
Head of the Catholic Church since 2025
the Order of Saint Augustine. Following the precedent of Pope Leo XIII, who developed modern Catholic social teaching amid the tumult of the Second Industrial
Pope_Leo_XIV
Medieval military order
In 1211, during the second, much weaker Crusader kingdom in the Holy Land, but still long before its final demise in 1291, the Order was "invited" to the
Teutonic_Order
1937–1945 conflict in East Asia
The Second Sino-Japanese War, known in China as the War of Resistance Against Japan, was fought between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan and
Second_Sino-Japanese_War
18th-century Bavarian secret society
positions in the order often had to be filled by young men with little practical experience. Secondly, the anti-Jesuit ethos of the order at its inception
Illuminati
Process of acquiring new knowledge
learning may occur as a result of habituation, or classical conditioning, operant conditioning or as a result of more complex activities such as play, seen
Learning
The foreign policy of the second Trump administration has espoused a realist "America First" foreign policy agenda. It has been described as imperialist
Foreign policy of the second Trump administration
Foreign_policy_of_the_second_Trump_administration
Loan Forgiveness. In December 2025, HHS announced CMS would propose conditioning participation in Medicare and Medicaid on providers not providing gender-affirming
Domestic policy of the second Trump administration
Domestic_policy_of_the_second_Trump_administration
During the second presidency of Donald Trump, federal immigration enforcement policies and operations have resulted in the documented arrest, death, detention
Deportations of U.S. citizens in the second Trump administration
Deportations_of_U.S._citizens_in_the_second_Trump_administration
British royal order of chivalry
number two of the Council and a former Order of Malta administrator in Spain) became its head. In June 1826, a second attempt was made to raise money to restore
Order of Saint John (chartered 1888)
Order_of_Saint_John_(chartered_1888)
into or stay in the United States during this waiting period. Secondly, this executive order also terminated the "CBP One" mobile application. This app was
Immigration policy of the second Trump administration
Immigration_policy_of_the_second_Trump_administration
2025 executive order in the United States
Executive Order 14290, titled "Ending Taxpayer Subsidization of Biased Media", is an executive order signed by U.S. president Donald Trump on May 1, 2025
Executive_Order_14290
Protestant fraternal order based in Northern Ireland
Orange Institution, commonly known as the Orange Order, is an international Protestant fraternal order based in Northern Ireland and primarily associated
Orange_Order
Season of American television series (2000–2001)
The second season of the television series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit premiered October 20, 2000, and ended May 11, 2001, on NBC. The show remained
Law & Order: Special Victims Unit season 2
Law_&_Order:_Special_Victims_Unit_season_2
Order whose elements are all comparable
mathematics, a total order or linear order is a partial order in which any two elements are comparable. That is, a total order is a binary relation ≤
Total_order
Season of American television series
reason, you'll speak the same language." The second episode "Design" was a crossover with the Law & Order episode "Flaw". Estella Warren and Lynda Carter
Law & Order: Special Victims Unit season 7
Law_&_Order:_Special_Victims_Unit_season_7
Catholic mendicant order
The Order of Preachers (Latin: Ordo Prædicatorum, abbreviated OP), commonly known as the Dominican Order, is a Catholic mendicant order of pontifical
Dominican_Order
UK military decoration
pre-condition for appointment to the Distinguished Service Order. The stipulation that only those mentioned in despatches could be appointed to the Order
Distinguished_Service_Order
Period of the Second Spanish Republic (1933–1936)
The Second biennium of the Second Spanish Republic, also called the Radical-Cedist Biennium, rectifying biennium, conservative biennium, counter-reformist
Second biennium of the Second Spanish Republic
Second_biennium_of_the_Second_Spanish_Republic
Nass hired a convicted racketeer to assault or kidnap Schwartz's son in order to get $500,000 Nass said Schwartz owed him for his pardon work. The scope
List of people granted executive clemency in the second Trump presidency
List_of_people_granted_executive_clemency_in_the_second_Trump_presidency
The following is a timeline of the second presidency of Donald Trump during the first quarter of 2025. The timeline begins with Trump's January 20, 2025
Timeline of the second Trump presidency (2025 Q1)
Timeline_of_the_second_Trump_presidency_(2025_Q1)
The second Trump administration has issued executive orders and other presidential directives instituting federal department and agency actions that have
Election law and voting rights under the second Trump administration
Election_law_and_voting_rights_under_the_second_Trump_administration
analysis, studies in transitional stages of second-language ability, and the "morpheme studies" investigating the order in which learners acquired linguistic
Theories of second-language acquisition
Theories_of_second-language_acquisition
Immigrants tortured in ICE detention facilities
permanently, and frequent power outages disrupt ventilation and air conditioning, creating alternating periods of extreme heat and cold. Flooding is common
Torture of immigrants during the second Trump administration
Torture_of_immigrants_during_the_second_Trump_administration
Cease of federal DEIA contracts
Executive Order 14173, titled "Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity", is an executive order signed by Donald Trump, the
Executive_Order_14173
Rare Latter-day Saint ordinance
In the Latter Day Saint movement, the second anointing, or second endowment, is the pinnacle ordinance of the temple and an extension of the endowment
Second_anointing
Technique for managing measurement of fluid flows
Flow conditioning ensures that the "real world" environment closely resembles the "laboratory" environment for proper performance of inferential flowmeters
Flow_conditioning
Satanic and left-hand path occultist group
forbidden and illegal in order to shake the practitioner loose of cultural and political conditioning. Intentionally transgressive, the Order has been characterised
Order_of_Nine_Angles
Sentence structure; the default word order in English
unusual word order is not used for emphasis). English is included in this group. An example is "Sam ate apples." SVO is the second-most common order by number
Subject–verb–object word order
Subject–verb–object_word_order
Property of vector fields in mathematics
Hörmander condition, then its solutions admit a smooth density with respect to Lebesgue measure. With the same notation as above, define a second-order differential
Hörmander's_condition
stated that both Azerbaijani and Armenian forces committed war crimes during Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, and called on the governments of Armenia and Azerbaijan
War crimes in the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War
War_crimes_in_the_Second_Nagorno-Karabakh_War
Exercise to improve strength
Statement From the National Strength and Conditioning Association". The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 33 (8): 2019–2052. doi:10.1519/JSC
Strength_training
Point where the curvature of a curve changes sign
derivatives of any order exist. In this case, one also needs the lowest-order (above the second) non-zero derivative to be of odd order (third, fifth, etc
Inflection_point
Model of psychological conditioning
predict the US. One might say that before conditioning, the subject is surprised by the US, but after conditioning, the subject is no longer surprised, because
Rescorla–Wagner_model
Electrical power device
voltage restoration Uninterruptible power supply Active filter "Power Conditioning | Schneider Electric India". www.se.com. Retrieved 2022-06-30. He, Jinwei
Power_conditioner
Maximal acceleration of weight for exercise
Paul W (2011). "The Strength and Conditioning Practices of Strongman Competitors". Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 25 (11): 3118–3128. doi:10
Ballistic_training
Mathematical set with an ordering
In mathematics, especially order theory, a partial order on a set is an arrangement such that, for certain pairs of elements, one precedes the other.
Partially_ordered_set
American fraternal organization
The Independent Order of Odd Fellows (IOOF) is a non-political, non-sectarian international fraternal order of Odd Fellowship. It was founded in 1819
Independent Order of Odd Fellows
Independent_Order_of_Odd_Fellows
Acquisition of citizenship by virtue of the circumstances of one's birth
they reside. This clause was a late addition to the Amendment, made in order to clarify what some of the drafters felt was already the law of the land:
Birthright citizenship in the United States
Birthright_citizenship_in_the_United_States
1999–2009 conflict in Chechnya and the North Caucasus
The Second Chechen War (Russian: Втора́я чече́нская война́, Chechen: Шолгӏа оьрсийн-нохчийн тӏом, lit. 'Second Russian-Chechen War') took place in Chechnya
Second_Chechen_War
Order of assuming powers of US presidency
The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which the vice president of the United States and other officers of the U.S. federal
United States presidential line of succession
United_States_presidential_line_of_succession
Mathematical theorem
mathematics, the symmetry of second derivatives (also called the equality of mixed partials) is the fact that exchanging the order of partial derivatives of
Symmetry of second derivatives
Symmetry_of_second_derivatives
2003 film by Tim McCanlies
seeds to plant a vegetable garden turn out all to be corn. The uncles then order a lion for a hunting target, but end up with a tame, retired circus lioness
Secondhand_Lions
problems with multiple optimal solutions Legendre–Clebsch condition — second-order condition for solution of optimal control problem Pseudospectral optimal
List of numerical analysis topics
List_of_numerical_analysis_topics
1791 amendment protecting the right to keep and bear arms
Steuben's Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States. With ratification of the Second Amendment, after May 8, 1792, the
Second Amendment to the United States Constitution
Second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
Second generation of the Mazda MX-5 car manufactured from 1998 until 2005
Of particular interest for the US models is that they came with air conditioning. Approximately 100 units came equipped with the hard top option. To set
Mazda_MX-5_(NB)
Measure of the shape of a function
potential ratio may be expressed as a ratio of a first-order upper partial moment to a normalized second-order lower partial moment. Let (M, d) be a metric space
Moment_(mathematics)
Set whose pairs have minima and maxima
is an abstract structure studied in the mathematical subdisciplines of order theory and abstract algebra. It consists of a partially ordered set in which
Lattice_(order)
Scottish Tourette's activist (born 1971)
to increase understanding of the condition and helping people deal with it across the country." Davidson's condition encompasses a range of symptoms,
John_Davidson_(activist)
Generalization of the BRST formalism
(a,b):=(-1)^{\left|a\right|}[[\Delta ,L_{a}],L_{b}]1,} and the second order condition for Δ may be written compactly as [ [ [ Δ , L a ] , L b ] , L c
Batalin–Vilkovisky_formalism
Condition for ferromagnetism
The Stoner criterion is a condition to be fulfilled for the ferromagnetic order to arise in a simplified model of a solid. It is named after Edmund Clifton
Stoner_criterion
British actress (born 1976)
Award for Best Supporting Actress. Harris was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to
Naomie_Harris
Christian and Islamic belief that Jesus will return to Earth
Moore about a pregnant lady who discovers the Second Coming of Christ has rented a room from her, in order to begin the countdown that will trigger the
Second_Coming
The following is a timeline of the second presidency of Donald Trump during the third quarter of 2025, from July 1, 2025, to September 30, 2025. To navigate
Timeline of the second Trump presidency (2025 Q3)
Timeline_of_the_second_Trump_presidency_(2025_Q3)
Type of constraint on solutions to differential equations
268–302. doi:10.1016/j.enganabound.2004.12.001. Reddy, J. N. (2009). "Second order differential equations in one dimension: Finite element models". An Introduction
Dirichlet_boundary_condition
Hybrid electric car by Honda
without air conditioning, 1,878 lb (852 kg) with manual transmission and air conditioning, or 1,964 lb (891 kg) with CVT and air conditioning. The Insight
Honda_Insight
Order-preserving mathematical function
or reverses the given order. This concept first arose in calculus, and was later generalized to the more abstract setting of order theory. In calculus,
Monotonic_function
Law & Order: Criminal Intent, a spin-off of the crime drama Law & Order, follows the detectives who work in the "Major Case Squad" of the New York City
List of Law & Order: Criminal Intent characters
List_of_Law_&_Order:_Criminal_Intent_characters
American actress
Awards and one Tony Award. Following a series of guest roles in the Law & Order franchise (2003–2008), Ireland earned praise when she starred in Neil LaBute's
Marin_Ireland
American psychologist and social philosopher (1904–1990)
effective measure of response strength. To study operant conditioning, he invented the operant conditioning chamber (aka the Skinner box), and to measure rate
B._F._Skinner
Family of solutions to related differential equations
differential equation is second-order, there must be two linearly independent solutions: one of the first kind and one of the second kind. Depending upon
Bessel_function
1931–1939 religious tensions
Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic was an important area of dispute, and tensions between the Catholic hierarchy and the Republic were apparent
Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic
Catholicism_in_the_Second_Spanish_Republic
Club-and-ball sport
known in their own right. Professional golf instructors can use physical conditioning, mental visualization, classroom sessions, club fitting, driving range
Golf
Concept in mathematical optimization
functions. For smooth, non-linear optimization problems, a second order sufficient condition is given as follows. The solution x ∗ , λ ∗ , μ ∗ {\displaystyle
Karush–Kuhn–Tucker_conditions
Canadian and American actress (1954–2026)
more than US$4.3 billion worldwide. She was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2017. O'Hara began her career in a starring role on the CBC
Catherine_O'Hara
Highest point in mainland Netherlands and tripoint with Belgium and Germany
1945. The second 20 metres (66 ft) tower opened on 11 August 1951 and was demolished over the winter of 2010–2011 because of its poor condition and high
Vaalserberg
Catalytic activity is related to the size of particle
the first boundary condition indicates a constant external concentration on one end of the pore and the second boundary condition indicates that there
Thiele_modulus
American television series (2018–present)
a second season which premiered on September 29, 2019. On October 28, 2019, the series received a full season order of 20 episodes for the second season
The_Rookie
North American hockey team selection
pick in 2027, Toronto's second-round pick in 2025, and this pick (being conditional at the time of the trade). The condition – Seattle will receive Tampa
2026_NHL_entry_draft
SECOND ORDER-CONDITIONING
SECOND ORDER-CONDITIONING
Boy/Male
Greek
Order.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Order
Girl/Female
German, Greek
Order
Female
English
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Seònaid, SEONA means "God is gracious."
Male
Irish
Older form of Irish Gaelic Seachlainn, SEACHNALL means "second."
Girl/Female
Greek
Order.
Boy/Male
Greek
Order.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived at the edge of a village or by some other boundary, Middle English border, from Old French bordure ‘edge’.
Girl/Female
Australian, French, German, Greek, Italian
Order
Girl/Female
Indian, Marathi, Sindhi
Order
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Order
Boy/Male
Greek
Order.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Cordier.Catalan : occupational name for a maker of cord or string, from an agent derivative of Catalan corda ‘string’, ‘cord’.
Male
English
Variant spelling of Middle English Estmond, ESMOND means "gracious protector."Â
Girl/Female
Indian, Traditional
Order
Boy/Male
Australian, French, German, Greek
Order
Male
Swedish
Old Swedish form of Old Norse Oddr, ODDER means "point of a weapon."
Boy/Male
Indian
Order, Decree
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Order
Boy/Male
Tamil
Pradarsh | பà¯à®°à®¤à®°à¯à®·
Appearance, Order
SECOND ORDER-CONDITIONING
SECOND ORDER-CONDITIONING
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
To Begin to Shine
Girl/Female
Russian American
Birthday; especially the birthday of Christ.
Female
French
French form of Latin Veronica, VÉRONIQUE means "bringer of victory."
Girl/Female
Dutch
Of. The Dutch equivalent of 'de' in French names. Some early immigrants to America who dropped...
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Holding a Disc; Lord Vishnu
Boy/Male
German, Swedish
Elf Warrior
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Goddess Saraswathi
Boy/Male
Biblical
The sleeping of God.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim, Persian
Resplendent; Dazzling
Female
Romanian
Short form of Romanian Ioana, OANA means "God is gracious."
SECOND ORDER-CONDITIONING
SECOND ORDER-CONDITIONING
SECOND ORDER-CONDITIONING
SECOND ORDER-CONDITIONING
SECOND ORDER-CONDITIONING
a.
Of the second size, rank, quality, or value; as, a second-rate ship; second-rate cloth; a second-rate champion.
a.
Being of the same kind as another that has preceded; another, like a protype; as, a second Cato; a second Troy; a second deluge.
a.
Of the rank or degree below the best highest; inferior; second-rate; as, a second-class house; a second-class passage.
v. i.
To give orders; to issue commands.
a.
To follow or attend for the purpose of assisting; to support; to back; to act as the second of; to assist; to forward; to encourage.
v. t.
To order a second time.
a.
Having the power of second-sight.
n.
Rank; degree; thus, the order of a curve or surface is the same as the degree of its equation.
adv.
In the second place.
n.
Right arrangement; a normal, correct, or fit condition; as, the house is in order; the machinery is out of order.
n.
One who seconds or supports what another attempts, affirms, moves, or proposes; as, the seconder of an enterprise or of a motion.
n.
To give an order for; to secure by an order; as, to order a carriage; to order groceries.
n.
A body of persons having some common honorary distinction or rule of obligation; esp., a body of religious persons or aggregate of convents living under a common rule; as, the Order of the Bath; the Franciscan order.
a.
Immediately following the first; next to the first in order of place or time; hence, occuring again; another; other.
n.
To give an order to; to command; as, to order troops to advance.
adv.
Secondly; in the second place.
imp. & p. p.
of Second
a.
The sixtieth part of a minute of time or of a minute of space, that is, the second regular subdivision of the degree; as, sound moves about 1,140 English feet in a second; five minutes and ten seconds north of this place.
n.
The second part in a concerted piece; -- often popularly applied to the alto.
n.
The second part in a concerted piece.