Search references for PUBLIUS. Phrases containing PUBLIUS
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Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Publius in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Publius may refer to: Publius (praenomen) Ancient Romans with the name: Publius Valerius Publicola
Publius
Roman emperor from 117 to 138
Hadrian (/ˈheɪdriən/ HAY-dree-ən; born Publius Aelius Hadrianus, 24 January 76 – 10 July 138) was Roman emperor from 117 to 138. His form of address as
Hadrian
1st-century-BC Roman poet
Publius Vergilius Maro (Classical Latin: [ˈpuːbliʊs wɛrˈɡɪliʊs ˈmaroː]; 15 October 70 BC – 21 September 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil (/ˈvɜːrdʒɪl/
Virgil
Roman emperor from 209 to 211
praenomen Publius or Lucius, but after 205 it remained Publius. The use of Lucius may have been to differentiate him from his uncle Publius Septimius
Geta_(emperor)
Roman general and politician (236/235 – c. 183 BC)
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (/ˈs(k)ɪp.i.oʊ/, Latin: [ˈskiːpioː]; 236/235–c. 183 BC) was a Roman general and statesman who was one of the main architects
Scipio_Africanus
Roman emperor in 193
Publius Helvius Pertinax (/ˈpɜːrtɪnæks/ PER-tin-ax; 1 August 126 – 28 March 193) was Roman emperor for the first three months of 193, succeeding Commodus
Pertinax
1st-century Maltese bishop and Christian saint
Saint Publius (Maltese: San Publiju; Ancient Greek: Πούπλιος), also known as Publius of Malta or Publius of Athens, was an early Christian bishop and saint
Saint_Publius
Topics referred to by the same term
Publius Cornelius Dolabella may refer to: Publius Cornelius Dolabella (consul 283 BC) Publius Cornelius Dolabella (consul 44 BC) Publius Cornelius Dolabella
Publius_Cornelius_Dolabella
Internet phenomenon
The Publius Enigma is an Internet phenomenon and an unsolved problem that began with cryptic messages posted by a user identifying only as "Publius" to
Publius_Enigma
Topics referred to by the same term
Publius Cornelius Scipio may refer to: Publius Cornelius Maluginensis Scipio (consular tribune 395 BC) Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, also known as
Publius_Cornelius_Scipio
Roman poet (43 BC – AD 17/18)
Publius Ovidius Naso (Latin: [ˈpuːbliʊs ɔˈwɪdiʊs ˈnaːsoː]; 20 March 43 BC – AD 17/18), known in English as Ovid (/ˈɒvɪd/ OV-id), was a Roman poet who
Ovid
Roman historian and senator (56–120)
Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus (/ˈtæsɪtəs/ TAS-it-əs, Latin: [ˈtakɪtʊs]; c. AD 56 – c. 120), was a Roman historian and politician
Tacitus
Latin praenomen
Publius (Latin: [ˈpʊːbli.ʊs]), feminine Publia, is a Latin praenomen, or personal name. It was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and was very
Publius_(praenomen)
First century BCE Roman soldier
Crispus. Publius Crassus served under Julius Caesar in Gaul from 58 to 56 BC. Too young to receive a formal commission from the Roman Senate, Publius distinguished
Publius Licinius Crassus (son of triumvir)
Publius_Licinius_Crassus_(son_of_triumvir)
Roman emperor from 253 to 260
Valerian (/vəˈlɪəriən/ və-LEER-ee-ən; Latin: Publius Licinius Valerianus; c. 199 – 260 or 264) was Roman emperor from 253 to spring 260 AD. He rose to
Valerian_(emperor)
Ancient Roman family
Rufinus, the son of Publius Cornelius Rufinus, the dictator of 334 BC, was father of Publius Cornelius Rufinus, dictator in 280. Publius Cornelius Cn. f.
Cornelia_gens
Warriors in Roman legend
process. That left their brother Publius alone and surrounded by the three Albans. Though he was uninjured, Publius realized he stood no chance against
Horatii_and_Curiatii
Roman general and politician
Publius Quinctilius Varus (46 BC or before – September AD 9) was a Roman general and politician. Serving under Augustus, the founder of the Roman Empire
Publius_Quinctilius_Varus
Roman politician and general (185–129 BC)
adopted by his first cousin, Publius Cornelius Scipio, the eldest son of his aunt Aemilia Tertia and her husband Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, the
Scipio_Aemilianus
Roman senator and assassin of Julius Caesar
Publius Servilius Casca Longus (died c. 42 BC) was one of the assassins of Julius Caesar and plebeian tribune in 43 BC. He and several other senators
Publius_Servilius_Casca
1788 essay collection by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay
under the name "Philo-Publius", meaning either "Friend of the People" or "Friend of Hamilton" based on Hamilton's pen name Publius. Hamilton chose the pseudonymous
The_Federalist_Papers
Topics referred to by the same term
Publius Claudius Pulcher may refer to: Publius Claudius Pulcher (consul 249 BC), Roman senator Publius Claudius Pulcher (consul 184 BC), Roman senator
Publius_Claudius_Pulcher
Roman aristocrat who helped overthrow monarchy (died 503 BC)
Publius Valerius Poplicola or Publicola (died 503 BC) was one of four Roman aristocrats who led the overthrow of the monarchy, and became a Roman consul
Publius_Valerius_Poplicola
Academic journal
Publius: The Journal of Federalism is a quarterly social science journal published by Oxford University Press on behalf of CSF: Publius, Inc., a non-profit
Publius_(journal)
Apocryphal text purporting to describe Jesus
English translation of the text appears in 1680 and lists the author as “Publius Lentulus”, a Prefect in Judea at the time of Tiberius Caesar. The purported
Letter_of_Lentulus
Publius Canutius or Cannutius was described by Cicero as the most eloquent orator of the senatorial order. Canutius was born in 106 B.C., the same year
Publius_Canutius
Ancient Roman family
Volusus. According to Dionysius, his brother Publius was also slain, but this appears to be a mistake, as Publius was consul twice after this, although he
Valeria_gens
1994 studio album by Pink Floyd
Europe. During the Division Bell tour, an anonymous person using the name Publius posted on an internet newsgroup, inviting fans to solve a riddle supposedly
The_Division_Bell
the web content published by the publishers. Publius limited file sizes to 100 kilobytes. Files on Publius could reference other files, allowing users
Publius_(publishing_system)
1st century BC Roman mercenary commander
personal friend of Marcus Tullius Cicero. Publius Sittius hailed from Nuceria in Campania. His father, also called Publius Sittius, supported Rome during the
Publius_Sittius
Country in northwestern Europe
Constitutional Revolution in the United Kingdom". Publius. 36 (1): 19–35 [p. 29]. doi:10.1093/publius/pjj011. The British parliament has the power to abolish
United_Kingdom
Roman emperor from 253 to 268
Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus (English: /ˌɡæliˈiːnəs/, Latin pronunciation: [galliˈeːnʊs]; c. 218 – September 268) was Roman emperor with his father
Gallienus
First century Roman politician, poet and writer
Statilius Taurus. Publius was on intimate terms with the elder Pliny, who wrote a biography of him, now lost. His full name was Publius Calvisius Sabinus
Publius_Pomponius_Secundus
Roman general and dictator (100–44 BC)
honours. After the capture of Mytilene, Caesar transferred to the staff of Publius Servilius Vatia in Cilicia before learning of Sulla's death in 78 BC and
Julius_Caesar
Ancient Roman family
explanation of this practice, see filiation. Publius Aelius, one of the first plebeian quaestors, in 409 BC. Publius Aelius Paetus, consul in 337 BC, and one
Aelia_gens
Roman general and senator
is a 'Publius Varinius' recorded as holding the office of Governor of the province of Asia in 65 BC, but it is unknown if it is the same Publius Varinius
Publius_Varinius
Maltese physician (1933–2021)
Edward Charles Francis Publius de Bono (19 May 1933 – 10 June 2021) was a Maltese physician and commentator. He originated the term lateral thinking,
Edward_de_Bono
Roman politician and street agitator (93–52 BC)
Publius Clodius Pulcher (c. 92 – 18 January 52 BC) was a Roman politician and demagogue. A noted opponent of Cicero, he was responsible during his plebeian
Publius_Clodius_Pulcher
of Rome) before he had been elected curule aedile. Publius Licinius Crassus was the son of Publius Licinius Varus, whose ancestry is unknown. It is possible
Publius Licinius Crassus Dives (consul 205 BC)
Publius_Licinius_Crassus_Dives_(consul_205_BC)
Ancient Roman politician
the father of Publius Anteius Rufus. Josephus mentions one, killed by the bodyguards of Caligula, who might have been the brother of Publius Anteius Rufus
Publius_Anteius_Rufus
1st-century BC Roman patrician and praetor
Publius Claudius Pulcher (possibly born Publius Clodius Pulcher; c. 69/59 BC – after 31 BC) was a son of Publius Clodius Pulcher and his wife Fulvia. He
Publius Claudius Pulcher (son of Clodius)
Publius_Claudius_Pulcher_(son_of_Clodius)
Father of emperor Hadrian
Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer was a distinguished and wealthy Roman senator and soldier who lived in the Roman Empire during the 1st century. Hadrianus
Publius_Aelius_Hadrianus_Afer
1st century AD Roman senator, consul and governor
Publius Petronius was a Roman senator, who was active during the reigns of Tiberius, Caligula and Claudius. He was the husband of Plautia, sister of Aulus
Publius_Petronius
Roman consul in 131 BC
Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus (c. 180 BC – 130 BC) was the natural son of Publius Mucius Scaevola and Licinia, and brother of Publius Mucius
Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus
Publius_Licinius_Crassus_Dives_Mucianus
Church in Floriana, Malta
dedicated to Saint Publius. It was constructed at several stages between the 18th and 20th centuries. The first stone of the Church of St Publius was laid down
St_Publius_Parish_Church
Roman general and statesman (died 295 BC)
sacrificing themselves on the battlefield for Rome. Publius Decius Mus, born the son of the consul of 340 BC Publius Decius Mus, was elected consul in 312 BC together
Publius Decius Mus (consul 312 BC)
Publius_Decius_Mus_(consul_312_BC)
Ancient Hispanic aristocrat
Publius, and Publius's son, Lucius Cornelius Balbus Minor -- were granted Roman citizenship at the same time, on account of Lucius's and Publius's service
Publius_Cornelius_Balbus
Pharaoh of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC
messages from both Gaius Cassius Longinus, one of Caesar's assassins, and Publius Cornelius Dolabella, proconsul of Syria and Caesarian loyalist, requesting
Cleopatra
Eldest son of Scipio Africanus (died 170 BC)
Publius Cornelius P.f. P.n. Scipio (living circa 211 BC/205 BC–170 BC) was the eldest son of Scipio Africanus and his wife Aemilia Paulla. He was chosen
Publius Cornelius Scipio (son of Scipio Africanus)
Publius_Cornelius_Scipio_(son_of_Scipio_Africanus)
1st century AD Roman politician, consul and governor
Publius Petronius Turpilianus (called Petronius) was a Roman senator who held a number of offices in the middle of the 1st century AD, most notably governor
Publius_Petronius_Turpilianus
Country in Eastern Europe and North Asia
Federation: United Russia as the Party of Power". Publius. 36 (4). Oxford University Press: 503–522. doi:10.1093/publius/pjl004. JSTOR 4624765. Sevastyanova, Olga
Russia
Roman soldier who prevented an Etruscan army from crossing the bridge over the Tiber
Publius Horatius Cocles (/hɒˈreɪʃɪəs ˈkəʊkliːz/) was an officer in the army of the early Roman Republic who famously defended the Pons Sublicius from
Horatius_Cocles
Early 4th-century BC Roman politician
the son of a Publius, the son of a Marcus. He may have had the name “Maluginensis” in his name, making him possibly the son of Publius Cornelius Maluginensis
Publius Cornelius Maluginensis Scipio (consular tribune 395 BC)
Publius_Cornelius_Maluginensis_Scipio_(consular_tribune_395_BC)
Roman politician
Pompeia. Publius Cornelius Sulla was the son of an otherwise unknown brother of Lucius Cornelius Sulla. Despite being Sulla's nephew, Publius does not
Publius_Cornelius_Sulla
Late 2nd century Roman general and governor
and successor Caracalla, since a different Publius Cornelius Anulinus was consul ordinarius with Publius Catius Sabinus in the year 216. Hornblower,
Publius_Cornelius_Anullinus
First-century Jewish preacher and religious leader
Matthias Mnason Nicanor Nicholas Parmenas Paul Philip Priscilla Prochorus Publius Rhoda Sapphira Sceva Seven Deacons Silas / Silvanus Simeon Niger Simon
Jesus
Publius Sestius (died after 35 BC)[citation needed] was a Roman politician and governor in the 1st century BC. He first appears as quaestor for the consul
Publius_Sestius
Topics referred to by the same term
Publius Licinius Crassus may refer to: Publius Licinius Crassus (consul 171 BC) Publius Licinius Crassus (consul 97 BC) Publius Licinius Crassus (son
Publius_Licinius_Crassus
Roman general and statesman (115–53 BC)
into the service of Marcus' son, Publius Licinius Crassus, in Gaul. The characters eventually become clients of Publius Crassus, and, by extension, his
Marcus_Licinius_Crassus
1st century Roman senator
Publius Quinctilius Varus Minor (Minor in Latin means 'the younger') (AD 4 – AD 27) was a Roman senator. Varus was a member of the gens Quinctilia. He
Publius Quinctilius Varus the Younger
Publius_Quinctilius_Varus_the_Younger
Topics referred to by the same term
Publius Cornelius Lentulus was the name of a number of notable Romans: Publius Cornelius Lentulus Scipio, Roman senator, suffect consul in 24 Publius
Publius_Cornelius_Lentulus
Roman senator active during the reign of the emperor Augustus
Publius Silius was a Roman senator active during the reign of the emperor Augustus. He was suffect consul in AD 3, replacing Lucius Aelius Lamia; his
Publius_Silius
Roman statesman
Publius Vatinius was a Roman politician during the last decades of the Republic. He served as a Caesarian-allied plebeian tribune in the year 59 – he
Publius_Vatinius
1st-century BC Roman woman, briefly wife of Octavian
Claudia (born 57 BC/56 BC) was the daughter of Fulvia by her first husband Publius Clodius Pulcher. She was the stepdaughter of Mark Antony and half-sister
Claudia_(wife_of_Octavian)
Roman consul in 328 BC
Publius Cornelius Scapula was a Roman senator and politician. He was a member of gens Cornelia. According to Titus Livius, he held the consulship in 328
Publius_Cornelius_Scapula
First-century Roman commander under Germanicus and politician
Publius Vitellius was a first-century Roman commander under Germanicus. He was the son of the eques Publius Vitellius, and belonged to the gens Vitellia
Publius_Vitellius_the_Younger
Roman author
Publius (or Flavius) Vegetius Renatus, known as Vegetius (Latin: [u̯ɛˈɡɛtiʊs]), was a writer of the Later Roman Empire (late 4th century). Nothing is
Vegetius
Publius Volumnius was a 1st-century BC Roman philosopher, and a friend and companion of Marcus Junius Brutus who led the conspiracy to assassinate Julius
Publius_Volumnius
1st century BC Syrian-born Latin writer
presented by manuscripts (and some printed editions) in corrupt form as 'Publius', Publius being a very common Roman praenomen. His mimes, in which he acted
Publilius_Syrus
Roman consul in 65 BC
Roman Republic in 65 BC, elected after the condemnation of Publius Cornelius Sulla and Publius Autronius Paetus. Torquatus belonged to the patrician gens
Lucius Manlius Torquatus (consul 65 BC)
Lucius_Manlius_Torquatus_(consul_65_BC)
Part of the Roman–Parthian Wars
son, Publius Crassus, who had commanded successful campaigns in Gaul under Caesar. Upon his return to Rome as a highly decorated officer, Publius took
Battle_of_Carrhae
President of the United States from 2001 to 2009
Rhodes. "George W. Bush, the Party System, and American Federalism". Publius 2007 37(3): 478–503. ISSN 0048-5950 Moens, Alexander The Foreign Policy
George_W._Bush
1st-century AD Roman poet
Publius Papinius Statius (Greek: Πόπλιος Παπίνιος Στάτιος, Poplios Papinios Statios; /ˈsteɪʃiəs/; Latin: [ˈstaːtiʊs]; c. 45 – c. 96) was a Latin poet
Statius
1st-century BC Roman plebeian
Publius Afranius Potitus was a Roman plebeian who, during an illness of Emperor Caligula, vowed to sacrifice his own life if the emperor recovered, expecting
Publius_Afranius_Potitus
historian Publius Servilius Rullus - tribune Publius Rupilius - consul Gaius Rutilius Gallicus - consul Publius Rutilius Lupus - grammarian Publius Rutilius
List_of_ancient_Romans
Species of butterfly
primary lowland evergreen forests. Palla publius publius (Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria) Palla publius centralis van Someren, 1975 (Cameroon
Palla_publius
Topics referred to by the same term
Search for "Publius Mucius Scaevola" on Wikipedia. Publius Mucius Scaevola may refer to: Publius Mucius Scaevola (consul 175 BC) (fl. 179–169 BC), received
Publius_Mucius_Scaevola
High office in the Roman Empire
Prefect Tenure Emperor served Publius Salvius Aper 2 BC –?? Augustus Quintus Ostorius Scapula 2 BC – ?? Augustus Publius Varius Ligur ?? Augustus Lucius
Praetorian_prefect
Second or third wife of Julius Caesar
which no man was permitted to attend. However, a young patrician named Publius Clodius Pulcher managed to gain admittance disguised as a woman, apparently
Pompeia_(wife_of_Caesar)
Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman and dramatist (c. 4 BC–AD 65)
write a letter justifying the murder to the Senate. In AD 58 the senator Publius Suillius Rufus made a series of public attacks on Seneca. These attacks
Seneca_the_Younger
Roman comic playwright (c. 195/185 BC–c.159 BC
Publius Terentius Afer (/təˈrɛnʃiəs, -ʃəs/; c. 195/185 – c. 159 BC), better known in English as Terence (/ˈtɛrəns/), was a playwright during the Roman
Terence
1st century BC Roman politician and general
the Younger. The son of Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica, praetor about 95 BC, and Licinia, Scipio was the grandson of Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica
Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio
Quintus_Caecilius_Metellus_Pius_Scipio
1st century BC Roman general and consul
Publius Canidius Crassus (died 30 BC) was a Roman general and Mark Antony's lieutenant. He served under Lepidus in southern Gallia in 43 BC, and was henceforth
Publius_Canidius_Crassus
Roman noblewoman (d. 40 BC)
first marriage was to Publius Clodius Pulcher, circa 62 BC. Fulvia and Clodius had two children together, a son also named Publius Clodius Pulcher and a
Fulvia
Publius Valerius Falto was a Roman politician of the 3rd century BC. Publius followed his brother, Quintus Valerius Falto, as consul, being elected to
Publius_Valerius_Falto
Son of Roman Emperor Gallienus (c. 249 – 268)
Marinianus was Roman consul in the year 268, under Emperor Gallienus. He was related to the Egnatia gens and has been speculated to be the cousin, son
Marinianus_(consul_268)
1st century BC Roman general
Publius Ventidius (fl. 89–38 BC) was a Roman general and one of Julius Caesar's protégés. He won key victories against the Parthians which resulted in
Publius_Ventidius
Roman consul
Lucius Julius Caesar III. Publius had a small house despite his immense wealth. His sons by his wife Venuleia were Publius Licinius Crassus (who died
Publius Licinius Crassus (consul 97 BC)
Publius_Licinius_Crassus_(consul_97_BC)
Welsh nationalist political party
Electoral Politics in Scotland and Wales". Publius: The Journal of Federalism. 36 (1): 115–134. doi:10.1093/publius/pji034. ISSN 0048-5950. "Welsh Nationalism:
Plaid_Cymru
Roman politician and jurist
appearance of Publius Mucius, including a certain Publius Mucius Scaevola who served as a tribune of the plebs in 486 BC and a Publius Mutius Scaevola—who
Publius Mucius Scaevola (consul 133 BC)
Publius_Mucius_Scaevola_(consul_133_BC)
Barbatus Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Publius Decius Mus (consul 279 BC) – fought Pyrrhus of Epirus at the Battle of Asculum (279 BC) Publius Decius
List_of_Roman_generals
— CIL VI, 11284 Translated: Publius Aiedius Amphio, freedman of Publius // Aiedia Fausta Melior, freedwoman of Publius Publius Aiedius Amphio is identified
Grave relief of Publius Aiedius and Aiedia
Grave_relief_of_Publius_Aiedius_and_Aiedia
German state from 1933 to 1945
Historical Perspective: Federalism as a Substitute for a National State". Publius: The Journal of Federalism. 19 (4): 17–33. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubjof
Nazi_Germany
Roman plebeian tribune in 63 BC
Publius Servilius Rullus was plebeian tribune of the Roman Republic in 63 BC. He proposed an agrarian law aimed at redistributing land for the landless
Publius_Servilius_Rullus
Roman senator and general
Publius Cornelius Rufinus was a Roman politician and general of the third century BC. He is often thought to be a son of Publius Cornelius Rufinus, dictator
Publius Cornelius Rufinus (consul 290 BC)
Publius_Cornelius_Rufinus_(consul_290_BC)
Ancient Roman family
Appius Junius Silanus Claudia, Ap. f., wife of Publius Sulpicius Quirinius Claudia Pulchra, wife of Publius Quinctilius Varus, was convicted of immorality
Claudia_gens
Roman general and statesman (died 211 BC)
Publius Cornelius Scipio (died 211 BC) was a general and statesman of the Roman Republic and the father of Scipio Africanus. A member of the Cornelia
Publius Cornelius Scipio (consul 218 BC)
Publius_Cornelius_Scipio_(consul_218_BC)
Roman legate, consul and governor of Syria (c. 51 BC – AD 21)
a Latin town near Rome. He was the son of Publius Sulpicius Quirinius and the paternal grandson of Publius Sulpicius Quirinius of Gens Sulpicia. Quirinius
Quirinius
Topics referred to by the same term
This name may refer to: Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica (consul 191 BC) (b. 227 BC), son of Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus. Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica
Scipio_Nasica
1st century BC Roman noblewoman and wife of Marcus Licinius Crassus
of Crassus's brothers, and her son Publius the Younger is actually an earlier child from her marriage to Publius the Elder and not Marcus Crassus. In
Tertulla_(wife_of_Crassus)
PUBLIUS
PUBLIUS
PUBLIUS
Boy/Male
Indian
Lion, Famous
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Big; Terrible; With Caves
Girl/Female
Hindu
Happiness, Joy, Cheerful
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly Lancashire)
English (mainly Lancashire) : habitational name from any of the various places named Hatton, from Old English hǣð ‘heathland’, ‘heather’ (see Heath) + tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’. Examples of the place name are found in Cheshire, Derbyshire, Lincolnshire, West London, Shropshire, Staffordshire, and Warwickshire.French : from the Old French oblique case of the Germanic personal name Hado, Hatto, a short form of various compound names beginning with hadu ‘strife’.Irish (Ulster) and Scottish : shortened Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Giolla Chatáin (Irish), Mac Gille Chatain (Scottish) (see McHatton).Scottish : habitational name, perhaps in part of English origin (see 1), but perhaps also from a Scottish place name.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Vine
Girl/Female
Indian, Marathi
Goddess; Wife of Lord Vittal
Male
German
Low German form of German Hrodebert, RUPERT means "bright fame."
Boy/Male
Gaelic
From the narrow river.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Arva means fastest motion wind
Girl/Female
Hindu
One who lives
PUBLIUS
PUBLIUS
PUBLIUS
PUBLIUS
PUBLIUS
a.
Of or pertaining to Publius Falcidius, a Roman tribune.
n.
An additional or fourth name given by the Romans, on account of some remarkable exploit or event; as, Publius Caius Scipio Africanus.