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Internal security forces of Iraq's Kurdistan Region
The Peshmerga (Kurdish: پێشمەرگه, romanized: Pêşmerge, lit. ''Those Who Face Death'') are the internal security forces of the Kurdistan Region. According
Peshmerga
officers. Ministry of Peshmerga Affairs "Peshmerga (2007-2013)". www.uniforminsignia.net. Retrieved 2025-09-13. "Here are the #Peshmerga ranks. As far as i
Military ranks of the Peshmerga
Military_ranks_of_the_Peshmerga
Equipment of the Internal Security Forces in Kurdistan
aircraft. Peshmerga soldiers stand in formation during the Modern Brigade Course graduation ceremony. Peshmerga soldier operating an M4 carbine. Peshmerga fighter
List of equipment of the Peshmerga
List_of_equipment_of_the_Peshmerga
Kurdish militia in Iran
The Muslim Peshmerga, officially the Organization of Kurdish Muslim Peshmergas (Persian: سازمان پیشمرگان کرد مسلمان; Sāzmān-e Pīšmargān-e Kord-e Mosalmān)
Muslim_Peshmerga
Kurdish militia from Syria
Peshmerga Roj (Kurdish: پێشمەرگێ ڕۆژ, romanized: Pêşmergê Roj), also known as the Rojava Peshmerga (Kurdish: پێشمەرگێ ڕۆژئاڤا, romanized: Pêşmergê Rojava)
Peshmerga_Roj
Baloch nationalist group in Iran
The Baloch Peshmerga was a Baloch nationalist and separatist militant group based around Saravan in the Sistan and Baluchestan province of Iran. It was
Baloch_Peshmerga
11th Brigade of the Peshmerga, located near the Degala subdistrict in Erbil Governorate, and the headquarters of the Peshmerga's Unit 70 Command, affiliated
2026 Iranian strikes on the Kurdistan Region
2026_Iranian_strikes_on_the_Kurdistan_Region
Kurdish businessman
in the Kurdistan Region's military force in Iraq, called the Kurdish Peshmerga. Barzani is the managing director of Korek Telecom, a mobile phone operator
Sirwan_Barzani
Soviet Union's refusal to withdraw from Iran
role in the newly created military force of the Mahabad Republic – the Peshmerga. With Barzani's support secured, along with some 60 tribal Kurdish leaders
Iran_crisis_of_1946
2016 French film
Peshmerga is a documentary film by the French intellectual Bernard-Henri Lévy. It was granted a late entry to the 2016 Cannes Film Festival as a special
Peshmerga_(film)
Series of wars and rebellions by ethnic Kurds against successive Iraqi administrations
independence referendum in 2017, as well as the subsequent defeat of the Peshmerga at the hands of the Iraqi armed forces in the 2017 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
Iraqi–Kurdish_conflict
The Peshmerga have historically been Kurdish guerrilla forces combating the ruling powers in the region of what is now Iraqi Kurdistan. The term "Peshmerga"
History_of_the_Peshmerga
Kurdish politician and army officer
Barzani has been part of the Peshmerga since at least 2003. He was injured in a US-friendly fire incident in which 18 Peshmerga fighters were killed. Around
Mansour_Barzani
Armed conflict between Iraqi forces and Peshmerga
government retook disputed territories in Iraq which had been held by the Peshmerga since ISIL's Northern Iraq offensive in 2014. The conflict began on 15
2017_Iraqi–Kurdish_conflict
Kurdistan Region ministry in Iraq
The Ministry of Peshmerga Affairs (MoPA) (Kurdish: وەزارەتی پێشمەرگە, romanized: Wezaretî Pêşmerge) is a ministry of the Kurdistan Regional Government
Ministry_of_Peshmerga_Affairs
2003 battle of the Iraq War
be in determining the outcome of a battle. The light unarmored SOF and Peshmerga (KDP) force faced a mechanized force of Iraqi infantry and tanks. The
Battle_of_Debecka_Pass
Military operation during the Iraq War
the Soviet–Afghan War. From 2001 to 2003, they fought against US-backed Peshmerga in northern Iraq, and carved out the Islamic Emirate of Kurdistan around
Operation_Viking_Hammer
Elite Kurdish counterterrorism unit
Counter-Terrorism Group (CTG) or Kurdistan Counter-Terrorism Unit is a Peshmerga unit and the primary investigative arm of the Kurdistan Regional Government
CTG_Kurdistan
Conflict between the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region and the Kurdistan Workers' Party
1983. Simultaneously, the PKK waged a guerrilla insurgency, while the Peshmerga waged a counterinsurgency. When the PKK was founded in 1978, its actions
PKK insurgency in the Kurdistan Region
PKK_insurgency_in_the_Kurdistan_Region
Operation in Iraq War
November Sinjar offensive was a combination of operations of Kurdish Peshmerga, PKK, and Yezidi militias in November 2015, to recapture the city of Sinjar
November 2015 Sinjar offensive
November_2015_Sinjar_offensive
Kurdistan Region politician
administration. He is a member of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan. He joined the Peshmerga partisans in 1969 and became head of administration of Aylul revolts (Kurdish:
Jaafar_Sheikh_Mustafa
Military unit
Forces is a unit of the Peshmerga, the military forces of the Kurdistan Region. The unit is part of the Ministry of Peshmerga Affairs (MoPA) and focuses
1st_Support_Forces_Command
Iraqi football club
matches, and eventually relegated to the Iraqi First Division League. Peshmerga fans consider their main rivals to be Sulaymaniya. As of 30 May 2024 Note:
Peshmerga_Sulaymaniya_SC
Assyrian guerrilla and Peshmerga military commander (1942–1969)
commander of the Kurdish Peshmerga forces during the First Iraqi–Kurdish War. Originally a hospital worker, Shello joined the Peshmerga at the age of 20 in
Margaret_George_Shello
Armed Conflict in the Middle East
the Levant. Although some 35,000 Kurdish Peshmerga were incorporated into the Iraqi Armed Forces, most Peshmerga forces operated under the command of the
War_in_Iraq_(2013–2017)
Kurdish politician
Political Council of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), veteran Peshmerga military leader, former Prime Minister, and former Vice President of the
Kosrat_Rasul_Ali
Military unit
Gulan (Kurdish: Hezê Gulan or Hezekanî Gulan) are an elite unit of the Peshmerga, the military forces of the Kurdistan Region. The unit is affiliated with
Gulan_Forces
Federal region of Iraq
western Iraq, including the disputed territories, leading to the KRI's Peshmerga to enter and take control of these areas for the duration of the War in
Kurdistan_Region
Country mainly in West Asia
Force, Eurocorps and EU Battlegroups. As of 2016, Turkey has assisted Peshmerga forces in northern Iraq and the Somali Armed Forces with security and
Turkey
Clashes in the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
Makhmour clashes (October 22, 2023) occurred between Iraqi Ground Forces and Peshmerga in the Kurdish majority Makhmur District and its surrounding northwestern
2023_Makhmour_clashes
Yazidi militia formed in Iraq in 2007
3-month Peshmerga military training". Kurdistan24. 14 July 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2017. "800 fighters left PKK in Shingal, joined Peshmerga: Ezidi Commander"
Sinjar_Resistance_Units
2014 battle in Iraq
2014 between the terrorist organization Islamic State (IS) and Kurdish Peshmerga forces with local Yazidis. The site of the battle is the pilgrimage site
Battle_of_Sharfadin_Temple
Large-scale military campaign to recapture Mosul from the Islamic State
Nineveh Governorate surrounding Mosul, and continued with Iraqi troops and Peshmerga fighters engaging ISIL on three fronts outside Mosul, going from village
Battle_of_Mosul_(2016–2017)
Kurdistan militarized police force
Interior but are also sometimes considered to be part of the broader Peshmerga force. The first Commanding Chief of Zerevani was Faridun Jwanroyi. Jwanroyi
Zeravani
Assyrian militia in Iraq
NPF) was an Assyrian militia. Formed in cooperation with the Kurdish Peshmerga, the militia's primary mission was to defend the Nineveh Plains against
Nineveh_Plain_Forces
groups also fought against the Government of Iraq and its allies. The Peshmerga fought against the Islamic State and other forces during the war; though
List of armed groups in the War in Iraq (2013–2017)
List_of_armed_groups_in_the_War_in_Iraq_(2013–2017)
Political party in Syria
its own paramilitary wing, the Rojava Peshmerga. According to the claims of Ibrahim Biro, the Rojava Peshmergas are mostly recruited from Syrian Kurdish
Kurdish_National_Council
Military airbase in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq
the base was briefly under the control of ISIS and then the Kurdish Peshmerga, until October 16, 2017, when the base was retaken by Iraqi special forces
K-1_Air_Base
Part of the Iraqi uprisings following the Gulf War
Peshmerga entered the city and ousted government forces. The Peshmerga were joined by local civilians, who took the streets and helped the Peshmerga launch
Battle_of_Sulaymaniyah
Iraqi-Kurdish insurgent leader
Assi al-Qawali is an Iraqi-Kurdish insurgent leader and a former Peshmerga volunteer that is allegedly the leader of the White Flags which is believed
Assi_al-Qawali
2014 battle between the Islamic State and the Kurdistan Autonomous Region forces
The Battle of Zumar was fought between the Islamic State and Kurdish Peshmerga troops over the city of Zumar in Nineveh province in northern Iraq. It
Battle_of_Zumar
Military unit
Kurdistan, KCF or CDO) or PUK Commandos is a special forces unit of the Peshmerga, the military forces of the Kurdistan Region. The unit operates specifically
Kurdistan_Commando_Forces
Military unit
formations of the Peshmerga, the armed forces of the Kurdistan Region. The brigades were created as part of efforts to unify the party-based Peshmerga forces under
Regional_Guard_Brigades
1975-1979 insurgency in Iraq
troops. Askari’s peshmerga also suffered from numerous attacks from Iraqi and Iranian air attacks prior to engaging Abd al Rahman’s peshmerga. and some 700
PUK_insurgency
2014 battle in Kurdistan during the War against ISIS
engagement during the conflict between Kurdish forces and IS. As the Kurdish Peshmerga sought to secure territory left vulnerable by the Iraqi Army's retreat
Battle_of_Makhmour
American politician and prosecutor (born 1991)
Peshmerga for their role in the fight against ISIS, stating, "When we saw the rise of ISIS, no one wanted to take them on — yet the Kurdish Peshmerga
Abraham_Hamadeh
Political party in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Kurdistan (HKR-R) and PAK Eagles. Commonly they're known as "PAK Peshmerga." The PAK Peshmerga are a battle-hardened force, due to their involvement in the
Kurdistan_Freedom_Party
Iraqi Kurdish politician
Abdullah in Kirkuk in 1954, and studied in a medical college. He joined Peshmerga at the age of fourteen. He was a member of the political bureau of Kurdistan
Kemal_Kirkuki
Coalition against the Islamic State
offensive. On 5 August, the United States started supplying the Kurdish Peshmerga forces with weapons. On 8 August, the United States began airstrikes against
US-led intervention in Iraq (2014–2021)
US-led_intervention_in_Iraq_(2014–2021)
The Sinjar offensive was a combination of operations of Kurdish Peshmerga, PKK and People's Protection Units forces in December 2014, to recapture regions
December 2014 Sinjar offensive
December_2014_Sinjar_offensive
2014 battle in Iraq
the Islamic State (IS) and Iraqi Special Operations Forces and Kurdish Peshmerga, supported by U.S.-led Coalition airstrikes. Mosul Dam was captured by
Battle_for_Mosul_Dam
Battle between Iraqi Kurdish forces and ISIL in Iraq
which at the time was guarded by a coalition of Kurdish forces including Peshmerga soldiers and fighters of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). In the previous
Battle_of_Kirkuk_(2015)
1919–24 Kurdish revolts in Iraq
Tradition and the Importance of the Peshmerga" (PDF). Willing to Face Death: A History of Kurdish Military Forces — the Peshmerga — from the Ottoman Empire to
Mahmud_Barzanji_revolts
Command Basra Operations Command Karbala Operations Command 41st Brigade Peshmerga 11th Brigade Counter Terrorism Department HNLMS Evertsen (Royal Netherlands
2026_Iran_war_order_of_battle
Turkish military incursion
2021, clashes occurred between Peshmerga and PKK resulting in the deaths of 5 Peshmerga. On 8 June 2021, 2 Peshmerga were kidnapped by PKK while another
Operations Claw-Lightning and Thunderbolt
Operations_Claw-Lightning_and_Thunderbolt
technical advisers to the Iraqi government and weapons to the Kurdish Peshmerga. Several sources, among them Reuters, believe that since mid-June 2014
Iranian intervention in Iraq (2014–present)
Iranian_intervention_in_Iraq_(2014–present)
Political party in the Kurdistan Region
Kurdistan Branch Peshmerga Type Infantry Role Ground warfare, regional defense Size Estimated 110,000+ (2025) Part of Ministry of Peshmerga Affairs (nominally)
Patriotic_Union_of_Kurdistan
Yazidi military force in Iraq
after it was negotiated that he would register with the KRG's Ministry of Peshmerga. He has been quoted as saying "We fight only for Yazidis, not for any
Êzîdxan_Protection_Force
Minister of Peshmerga Affairs
عەبدوڵڵا) born in 1956 is a Kurdish politician who has been the Minister of Peshmerga Affairs in the Kurdistan Regional Government since July 10, 2019, on behalf
Shoresh_Ismail_Abdulla
Iraqi football club
Peshmerga Hawler Sport Club (Kurdish: یانەی وەرزشی پێشمەرگەی هەولێر; Arabic: نادي بيشمركة أربيل الرياضي) is an Iraqi football team based in Erbil, that
Peshmerga_Hawler_SC
Kurdish political party in Iran
The military wing of the PDKI are called Peshmerga, like the Peshmerga of the Kurdistan Region, or PDKI Peshmerga. Hyeran Jo of Texas A&M University classifies
Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan
Democratic_Party_of_Iranian_Kurdistan
Genocide and kidnapping carried out by ISIS
from several countries against ISIL. On 17 December 2014, the Kurdish Peshmerga, PKK and YPG forces started the December 2014 Sinjar offensive with the
Sinjar_massacre
2014). "How effective is Isis compared with the Iraqi army and Kurdish peshmerga?". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 August 2019. "YNK: PKK and YPG are fighting
List of wars involving Kurdistan Region
List_of_wars_involving_Kurdistan_Region
Town in Nineveh, Iraq
captured by ISIS briefly in August 2014 but was recaptured by Kurdish Peshmerga in August 2016. Many of the residents of the town returned with aid from
Tesqopa
Iraqi Kurdish politician
late 1970s through the early '90s, Mustafa was the commander in chief of Peshmerga forces, conducting a guerrilla war against the Iraqi Ba'athist army and
Nawshirwan_Mustafa
Village in Ninawa, Iraq
the lightly-equipped and outgunned Peshmerga to enter Sinjar city to prevent ISIS from capturing the city. Peshmerga began constructing a barrier south
Kocho,_Iraq
Town in Nineveh, Iraq
Battle of Mosul, Kurdish Peshmerga fighters launched a massive offensive to liberate the town from ISIL control. Peshmerga had surrounded the town for
Bashiqa
Military unit
combat support unit of the Peshmerga, the military forces of the Kurdistan Region. The unit operates under the Ministry of Peshmerga Affairs (MoPA) and specializes
2nd_Support_Forces_Command
Anti-Saddam Hussein revolts of the Iran–Iraq War
With Iraqi government forces occupied by the Iran-Iraq War, Kurdish Peshmerga (combining the forces of the KDP and PUK) succeeded in taking control
1983–1986 Kurdish rebellions in Iraq
1983–1986_Kurdish_rebellions_in_Iraq
Crimes against Sunni Arabs in Iraq
2008 and the War in Iraq from 2014 to 2017 against the Islamic State. Peshmerga and Asayish have also "prosecuted, detained and tortured" Iraqi Sunni
Sectarian violence against Sunni Arabs in Iraq
Sectarian_violence_against_Sunni_Arabs_in_Iraq
United States–led military invasion
proximity of the Peshmerga, a Green Beret sergeant used a dismounted M2 HMG to suppress the entrenched terrorists, his actions allowed the Peshmerga to bring
2003_invasion_of_Iraq
Military unit
Dijê Tirorî Kurdistan, CTD) or Counter Terrorism Unit (CT Unit) is a Peshmerga investigative agency within the Kurdistan Region Security Council (KRSC)
Counter Terrorism Department (Kurdistan Region)
Counter_Terrorism_Department_(Kurdistan_Region)
Football league
2016–17 Peshmerga Hawler SC 2017–18 Zeravani SC 2018–19 Peshmerga Hawler SC 2019–20 Abandoned 2020–21 Brayati SC 2021–22 New Sirwan SC 2022–23 Peshmerga Hawler
Kurdistan_Premier_League
Battle between Kurds and government forces in Iraq
deployment by the Iraqi Security Forces to retake Kirkuk Governorate from the Peshmerga after the latter ignored repeated warnings to withdraw, sparking clashes
Battle_of_Kirkuk_(2017)
2017 battle between Iraq and Peshmerga
Mobilization Forces with intelligence allegedly provided by Iran, and the KDP Peshmerga, supported by PAK and Kurdish locals. The battle began in the early morning
Battle_of_Altun_Kupri_(2017)
French public intellectual (born 1948)
early 1990s. On 16 May 2016, Bernard-Henri Lévy's new documentary film, Peshmerga, was chosen by the Cannes Film Festival as a special screening to its
Bernard-Henri_Lévy
President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003
a code name by the administration for a series of attacks against the peshmerga rebels and the mostly Kurdish civilian population of rural Northern Iraq
Saddam_Hussein
American diplomat and politician (1923–2023)
United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish peshmerga guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote
Henry_Kissinger
Kurdish Peshmerga fighter
Silo; 1944 – 18 August 1979, known as Mahmoud Ezidi, was a famous Kurdish Peshmerga fighter loyal to Kurdistan Democratic Party, who led many successful military
Mahmoud_Ezidi
Political and armed activity by Kurds in Iran
On the other hand, the Iranian government began reviving the Muslim Peshmerga, which released statements mourning the death of Ali Khamenei and threatening
2026_Kurdish–Iranian_crisis
Semi-autonomous government in Iraq
The President of Kurdistan Region is also the commander-in-chief of the Peshmerga. From mid-2013 to mid-2014, the KRG "built up their own defenses by creating
Government of the Kurdistan Region
Government_of_the_Kurdistan_Region
Iraqi Assyrian militia
coordination with regional and international security forces (namely the Peshmerga), and was under the command of the Assyrian Patriotic Party. Observers
Dwekh_Nawsha
Alliance of major Iranian Kurdish parties
administration during a transitional period in Kurdistan, a unified "Peshmerga force", and coordinated international diplomacy. The party emphasized
Coalition of Political Forces of Iranian Kurdistan
Coalition_of_Political_Forces_of_Iranian_Kurdistan
District in Nineveh, Iraq
militants of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and the Kurdish Peshmerga, leading to a mass exodus of residents, especially from the Yazidi community
Sinjar_District
Iraqi Kurdish politician
forces took control of Kirkuk province after intense fighting against the Peshmerga. Paviel Talabani purportedly ordered his military forces to withdraw from
Bafel_Talabani
Village in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
administrative boundaries of the Mangesh district. Wahid Kovli (1970–2017), a Peshmerga commander recognized for his leadership in operations against the ISIS
Kovli,_Iraq
Kurdish leader (1878–1956)
Tradition and the Importance of the Peshmerga", Willing to face Death: A History of Kurdish Military Forces - the Peshmerga - from the Ottoman Empire to Present-Day
Mahmud_Barzanji
Political party in Iraq, Lebanon, Syria
military compound in the town of Qasre on 17 July 1999, where 39 KDP Peshmerga fighters were killed and 20 injured. Three days later a second attack
Bethnahrin_National_Council
Country in West Asia
by the US-led coalition, as well as the Popular Mobilisation Forces, Peshmerga and other allied anti-ISIS militias then initiated a counter-offensive
Iraq
Clashes between Kurdish insurgents and the Revolutionary Guards
arbitrary executions against the Kurds". On 17 April 2016, PAK's armed Peshmerga units, named Kurdistan Freedom Eagles for East Kurdistan (HAK-R), attacked
Western_Iran_clashes
Religious leader of the Yazidi
to recognise him. Shingal Peshmerga commander Qassim Shasho resigned from the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Peshmerga over the decision. "Serok Barzanî
Sheikh_Ali_Ilyas
Football league
players. Now known as Kirkuk. Now known as Amanat Baghdad. Now known as Peshmerga Sulaymaniya. Iraq Stars League Iraq FA Cup Iraqi Super Cup "في دوري الدرجة
Iraqi_Premier_Division_League
2015 battle against ISIS in Iraq
State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) mounted a multi-front attack against Peshmerga forces in the area north and east of Mosul, in December 2015. The attack—the
Nineveh_Plains_offensive
Former unrecognized Islamic state in Iraqi Kurdistan
and its military wing, the IMK-Peshmerga, which consisted of six units and had been an official branch of the Peshmerga since the establishment of the
Islamic_Emirate_of_Kurdistan
Organization
500 Peshmerga, backed by international coalition warplanes, against ISIL positions in and around Sinjar. Before beginning their attack, Peshmerga forces
Kurdistan Region Security Council
Kurdistan_Region_Security_Council
Military campaign
Islamic state troops from many cities, and later the withdrawal of Kurdish Peshmerga fighters from many positions including the Qaraqosh and Sinjar, 50,000
Northern Iraq offensive (August 2014)
Northern_Iraq_offensive_(August_2014)
2014). "How effective is Isis compared with the Iraqi army and Kurdish peshmerga?". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 August 2019. "YNK: PKK and YPG are fighting
List_of_wars_involving_Iraq
Yemeni football player
(born 6 March 1986) is a Yemeni footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Peshmerga. He debuted for the Yemeni under-17 national team, appearing in the 2003
Mohammed_Ayash
positions atop Mount Sinjar. The airstrikes hit a Peshmerga communications tower and killed 5 Peshmerga soldiers and injured 9 more. Per the mayor of Sinjar
April 2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq
April_2017_Turkish_airstrikes_in_Syria_and_Iraq
District and town in northern Iraq
into ISIL's hands. In October 2014, Zummar was recaptured by the Kurdish Peshmerga. It stayed under the control of the Kurdistan Regional Government until
Zummar
PESHMERGA
PESHMERGA
PESHMERGA
PESHMERGA
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Ibn-Aybak was a leading historian
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Truth
Boy/Male
English
From the rough meadow.
Boy/Male
French
Regal.
Male
French
French form or Roman Latin Maxentius, MAXENCE means "the greatest."
Girl/Female
Tamil
Nabaneeta | நாபநீதா
Boy/Male
Irish
Small wolf.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Dance performed by Goddess Parvati
Girl/Female
British, English, French
Little and Womanly
Boy/Male
Tamil
One who gives light
PESHMERGA
PESHMERGA
PESHMERGA
PESHMERGA
PESHMERGA