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Archaic conception of Earth's shape
Flat Earth is an archaic and scientifically disproven conception of the Earth's shape as a plane or disk. Many ancient societies subscribed to a flat-Earth
Flat_Earth
Anti-scientific belief
Anti-scientific beliefs in a flat Earth are promoted by a number of organizations and individuals. The claims of modern flat Earth proponents are not based
Modern_flat_Earth_beliefs
1984 studio album by Thomas Dolby
The Flat Earth is the second studio album by the English new wave and synth-pop musician Thomas Dolby, released on 6 February 1984 by EMI and Capitol Records
The_Flat_Earth
Misconception that people in the Middle Ages believed Earth to be flat
The myth of the flat Earth, or the flat-Earth error, is a modern historical misconception that European scholars and educated people during the Middle
Myth_of_the_flat_Earth
Topics referred to by the same term
The flat Earth is the idea that the Earth is flat. Flat Earth may also refer to: Modern flat Earth beliefs, beliefs and organizations that claim the Earth
Flat_Earth_(disambiguation)
American promoter of the flat Earth conspiracy theory
one of the leading proponents of, and recruiters for, the discredited flat Earth conspiracy theory in the United States. According to critics, his YouTube
Mark Sargent (flat Earth proponent)
Mark_Sargent_(flat_Earth_proponent)
Topics referred to by the same term
Flat Earth Research Society, also known as the Flat Earth Society, is a global organisation of people who advocate the belief that the Earth is flat.
Flat Earth Society (disambiguation)
Flat_Earth_Society_(disambiguation)
Topics referred to by the same term
Flat Earth News may refer to: Flat Earth News (journal), the 1977–1981 journal of the Flat Earth Society Flat Earth News (book), a 2008 non-fiction book
Flat_Earth_News
Series of books by Tanith Lee
Tales from the Flat Earth is a fantasy series by British writer Tanith Lee. The novels take inspiration from One Thousand and One Nights and are similarly
Tales_from_the_Flat_Earth
Award-winning British journalist and writer (born 1953)
written numerous books on the subject of politics and journalism, including Flat Earth News, which attracted considerable controversy as an exposé of journalistic
Nick_Davies
Multiple proofs regarding Earth's approximately spherical shape
phenomena that when combined disprove flat Earth beliefs. These include the visibility of distant objects on Earth's surface; lunar eclipses; appearance
Empirical evidence for the spherical shape of Earth
Empirical_evidence_for_the_spherical_shape_of_Earth
novellas) Tales from the Flat Earth: The Lords of Darkness (1987) (omnibus of first three novels) Tales from the Flat Earth: Night's Daughter (1987) (omnibus
Tanith_Lee_bibliography
American dramatist
and the Orphans. In 2018, This Flat Earth ran at Playwrights Horizons. The New York Times wrote that This Flat Earth is "Ferrentino's most daring play
Lindsey_Ferrentino
American company producing snack foods
Frito-Lay North America, Inc. doing business as Frito-Lay, (/ˈfriːtoʊ leɪ/; FREE-toh-LAY) is an American food company that manufactures, markets, and sells
Frito-Lay
Historical concept in cosmology
cosmologies included an axis mundi, the central axis of a flat Earth that connects the Earth, heavens, and other realms together. In the 4th century BC
Center_of_the_universe
1991 non-fiction book
Inventing the Flat Earth (ISBN 978-0-275-95904-3) is a 1991 book by historian Jeffrey Burton Russell which debunks the notion that medieval Christians
Inventing_the_Flat_Earth
Non-fiction book by Nick Davies
Flat Earth News: An Award-winning Reporter Exposes Falsehood, Distortion and Propaganda in the Global Media is a 2008 non-fiction book by Nick Davies in
Flat_Earth_News_(book)
YouTube channel
of a Flat Earth", where he performs an experiment at Lake Minnewanka showing the Earth's curvature before pivoting into the origins of flat Earth theories
Folding_Ideas
Third planet from the Sun
the planet. Initial belief in a flat Earth was gradually displaced in Ancient Greece by the idea of a spherical Earth, which was attributed to both the
Earth
Antarctic expedition to test Flat Earth
Experiment was a 2024 expedition to Antarctica to test the validity of modern flat Earth beliefs. The expedition, which took three years of preparation, was organized
The Final Experiment (expedition)
The_Final_Experiment_(expedition)
Approximation of the figure of Earth as a sphere
and the Middle Ages, displacing earlier beliefs in a flat Earth. A practical demonstration of Earth's sphericity was achieved by Ferdinand Magellan and Juan
Spherical_Earth
third century B.C. onward believed that the Earth was flat." He ascribes the popularization of the flat Earth myth to the writings of John William Draper
List of common misconceptions about the Middle Ages
List_of_common_misconceptions_about_the_Middle_Ages
Finnish musician (born 1976)
Lindström reunited with HIM's former drummer Gas Lipstick to form the band Flat Earth, along with Anthony Pikkarainen and Niclas Etelävuori. Lindström has also
Linde_Lindström
Flat earth proponent
September 1896) was an English printer and author, and a proponent of the flat Earth hypothesis, active in England and the United States in the nineteenth
William Carpenter (flat-Earth theorist)
William_Carpenter_(flat-Earth_theorist)
Theme in J. R. R. Tolkien's writing
with pre-modern cosmological concepts in the flat Earth paradigm, along with the modern spherical Earth view of the Solar System. The created world, Eä
Cosmology of Tolkien's legendarium
Cosmology_of_Tolkien's_legendarium
American actor, rapper, and flat-earther
time. In October 2024, Lord Jamar publicly expressed his belief in a flat earth during an appearance on an episode of the In Godfrey We Trust Podcast
Lord_Jamar
Greek astronomy. The basic elements of this early cosmology included a flat earth, heaven, a cosmic ocean, the afterworld (Hades), and the netherworld (Tartarus)
Early_Greek_cosmology
really think the earth is flat?". BBC. 4 August 2008. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 4 July 2017. "Flat Earth Society Says Evidence
List_of_conspiracy_theories
Rejecting scientific or historical consensus
miles (4,800 km) above the Earth and that the Moon and the Sun orbit above the Earth rather than around it. Modern flat-earthers believe that Antarctica
Denialism
Spanish footballer
became president of Móstoles, renaming the club Flat Earth FC and endorsing the idea of a flat Earth. Born in Madrid, Poves played youth football with
Javi_Poves
English musician (born 1958)
Kevorkian, and Lea Thompson. In 1984, Dolby released his second LP, The Flat Earth (Capitol), which peaked at No. 14 on the UK Albums Chart and at No. 35
Thomas_Dolby
Public university in Sfax, Tunisia
"Flat Earth thesis rejected says Tunisian Education Ministry - General news". 11 April 2017. "PhD thesis: The earth is flat". "Is the World Flat Again
University_of_Sfax
organization Flat Earth Society of Canada. Leo Ferrari was a founding member and head of the Flat Earth Society of Canada, later renamed the Flat Earth Society
Leo_Ferrari
Nature of the cosmos according to the Qur'an
heaven), below it being a flat earth compared to a spread-out bed. A cosmic ocean is found both above the heaven and below the earth. The number of heavens
Quranic_cosmology
2018 play by Lindsey Ferrentino
‹ The template Infobox play is being considered for merging. › This Flat Earth is a 2018 play by Lindsey Ferrentino. The play officially opened Off-Broadway
This_Flat_Earth
Disproven hypothesis
Hollow Earth. Dyson sphere Earth's inner core Expanding Earth Flat Earth Hades Hollow Moon List of topics characterized as pseudoscience Myth of the flat Earth
Hollow_Earth
Ancient Greek and Roman system of medicine involving four fluid types
(doṣas), which they sometimes linked with the five elements (pañca-bhūta): earth, water, fire, air, and space. The concept of "humors" (chemical systems
Humorism
British skeptical activist and journalist (born 1983)
make sense of the world". Episodes of the show include interviews with Flat Earther Mark Sargeant; Vicki Monroe, a Psychic and cold case investigator; and
Michael_Marshall_(skeptic)
Obsolete theories in natural history and natural philosophy
steady state was found. Ptolemy's estimate of the size of the Earth Buenaventura River Flat Earth theory, generally known to be false among educated people
List of superseded scientific theories
List_of_superseded_scientific_theories
Astrological chart or diagram
loosely based on the view of the sky above from Earth. The plane of the equator is the plane of the Earth's equator projected into space. The plane of the
Horoscope
1999 studio album by 10,000 Maniacs
The Earth Pressed Flat is the seventh album by 10,000 Maniacs, released in 1999. The album contains nine songs that had been written for, but not used
The_Earth_Pressed_Flat
Belgian big band ensemble
The Flat Earth Society (FES) is a Belgian big band ensemble founded and led by Peter Vermeersch. They mix the rich Belgian brass band (HaFaBra) tradition
Flat_Earth_Society_(band)
Writer and conspiracy theorist (1992–2005)
Earth being flat and all space travel being faked. Many of these articles misappropriated Kaysing's moon hoax views to promote Galuppini's Flat Earth
Bill_Kaysing
Flat earth museum
The Museum of the Flat Earth is a small museum dedicated to the history of the Canadian Flat Earth Society, located on Fogo Island, Newfoundland. It has
Museum_of_the_Flat_Earth
British writer (born 1950)
reportage and speculation. Hancock's Fingerprints of the Gods: The Evidence of Earth's Lost Civilization (1995) argues that an advanced society perished at the
Graham_Hancock
Chinese traditional practice
settlement at Lutaigang, suggests that gaitian cosmography (heaven-round, earth-square) existed in Chinese society long before it appeared in the Zhoubi
Feng_shui
2026 studio album by Maisie Peters
"such a treat getting to work with him". "Flat Earther" sees Peters compare a former romance of hers to a Flat Earth conspiracist since it was stubborn and
Florescence
Conspiracy theory of reptilian humanoids
a conspiracy theorist who claims shapeshifting reptilian aliens control Earth by taking on human form and gaining political power to manipulate human
Reptilian_conspiracy_theory
Pseudoscientific attempts to locate underground objects
gemstones, oil, claimed radiations (radiesthesia), gravesites, or malign "earth vibrations". It is also known as divining (especially in water divining)
Dowsing
Brazilian conspiracy theory
Fernandes de Oliveira, a self-proclaimed paranormal figure who promotes flat Earth and anti-vaccine conspiracy theories while claiming contact with extraterrestrial
Ratanabá
Vital force in traditional Chinese philosophy
difficult. So heaven was formed first and earth was made fast later. The pervading essence (xi–jing) of heaven and earth becomes yin and yang. The concentrated
Qi
Inquiries far outside of mainstream science
variations, such as Gap creationism, and Old Earth creationism, offering similar propositions. Modern flat Earth advocates assert that Samuel Rowbotham was
Fringe_science
Rotation of Earth around its axis
of Earth's surface farthest from its axis; thus, it rotates the fastest as Earth spins. Flat earth proponents sometimes argue that, if the Earth were
Earth's_rotation
Wood engraving in a 1888 book by Camille Flammarion
robe and carrying a walking stick, who has reached a point where the flat Earth meets the firmament. The pilgrim kneels down and passes his head, shoulders
Flammarion_engraving
2018 American documentary film by Daniel J. Clark
Behind the Curve is a 2018 documentary film about flat Earth believers in the United States. Directed by Daniel J. Clark, the film was released in the
Behind_the_Curve
Claims that the Apollo Moon landings were faked
NASA to fake the Moon landings than to really go there. In 1980, the Flat Earth Society accused NASA of faking the landings, arguing that they were staged
Moon landing conspiracy theories
Moon_landing_conspiracy_theories
City in Illinois, US
completed before the Fielders folded. Until the 1940s, Zion enshrined the Flat Earth doctrine in its religious code. Zion is the closest municipality to South
Zion,_Illinois
American basketball player (born 1992)
as antisemitic. For a time prior, Irving promoted a theory that the Earth is flat, which he later recanted. Irving has written, directed, and acted in
Kyrie_Irving
American adult animated Netflix series
JFK's assassination (Episode 2), reptilian shapeshifters (Episode 3), flat Earth (Episode 6), the Moon landing (Episode 8), the stoned ape theory (Episode
Inside_Job_(2021_TV_series)
American far-right activist and politician
Great Reset conspiracy theories. Witzke has described herself as a "flat Earther." Witzke has supported a complete ban on all immigration to the United
Lauren_Witzke
Superseded description of the Universe with Earth at the center
usually combined the geocentric model with a spherical Earth, in contrast to the older flat-Earth model implied in some mythology. However, the Greek astronomer
Geocentrism
American flat Earth mapper (1846–1911)
February 3, 1911) was an American businessman who argued in favor of the flat Earth. Ferguson was born near Du Quoin, Illinois, on November 6, 1846, and was
Orlando_Ferguson
Pseudoscientific religious belief
anti-evolutionist movement than those who believe in a flat Earth. However, like flat Earthers, geocentrists also reject much of modern physics, astronomy
Geocentric_creationism
Topics referred to by the same term
with titles beginning with Flat All pages with titles containing Flat The Flat (disambiguation), including "The Flats" Flat Earth (disambiguation) Flatbed
Flat
American rapper (born 1988)
astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, in which Simmons endorsed modern flat Earth beliefs. His fourth album, Ether (2017), served as his first independent
B.o.B
English conspiracy theorist (born 1952)
1990, Icke started visiting Betty Shine, a psychic who told him he was on Earth for a purpose and would receive messages from the spirit world. This led
David_Icke
American daredevil and flat-Earther (1956–2020)
known as "Mad" Mike Hughes, was an American limousine driver, professed flat-Earther, and daredevil known for flying in self-built steam rockets. He died
Mike_Hughes_(daredevil)
"A Talk with Gryllotalpa", "The Rediscovery of the Unique" (essay), "Flat Earth Again" (essay), "The Limits of Individual Plasticity" (essay), "On Comparative
H._G._Wells_bibliography
Azimuthal equidistant map projection
equidistant projection has also been adopted by 21st century Flat Earthers as a map of the Flat Earth, particularly due to its use in the UN flag and its depiction
Azimuthal equidistant projection
Azimuthal_equidistant_projection
1981 novel by Terry Pratchett
be a kind of precursor to the Discworld novels, as it also features a flat Earth similar to the Discworld. It has been called a "pre-consideration" of
Strata_(novel)
Pseudoscientific justification for racism
earliest academic journal published in Europe, and titled "New Division of the Earth by the Different Species or 'Races' of Man that Inhabit It". In the essay
Scientific_racism
Fanciful belief used as a metaphor
popular belief that the Moon is made of green cheese (cf. Flat Earth and the myth of the flat Earth). It was typically used as an example of extreme credulity
The Moon is made of green cheese
The_Moon_is_made_of_green_cheese
1984 single by Thomas Dolby
and Capitol Records as the lead single from his second studio album The Flat Earth. Backing vocals were provided by the American singer Adele Bertei. According
Hyperactive!
System of astrology used in the Western world
principle of astrology is integration within the cosmos. The individual, Earth, and its environment are viewed as a single organism, all parts of which
Western_astrology
American writer and science educator (1943–2000)
Schadewald penned numerous articles on creationism, perpetual motion, flat Earthism, and other pseudoscience for such magazines as Science 80, Technology
Robert_Schadewald
English charlatan (1816–1884)
an English inventor, writer, utopian socialist and flat Earther who wrote Zetetic Astronomy: Earth Not a Globe under the pseudonym Parallax. His work
Samuel_Rowbotham
American football player (born 2001)
and found the Flat Earth theory presented "valid points". He attributed his beliefs to the Bible, saying "God created the heavens and Earth. He didn't create
Tyler_Owens
German-American drummer (born 1972)
He also sang on the Network songs "Hungry Hungry Models", "Asphyxia" "Flat Earth", "Respirator", "Squatter", "That's How They Get You", "The Stranger"
Tré_Cool
Pseudoscientific divination based on the movements of the stars
culture – the Yin-Yang philosophy, theory of the five elements, Heaven and Earth, Confucian morality – were brought together to formalise the philosophical
Astrology
understanding of the world in this region from premodern times included a flat earth, a solid layer or barrier above the sky (the firmament), a cosmic ocean
Ancient Near Eastern cosmology
Ancient_Near_Eastern_cosmology
List of early depictions of the world
the 6th to 5th centuries BCE still based on the flat Earth paradigm. World maps assuming a spherical Earth first appear in the Hellenistic period. The developments
Early_world_maps
relative to a reference frame. When representing positions relative to the Earth, it is often most convenient to represent vertical position (height or depth)
Horizontal position representation
Horizontal_position_representation
English crust punk band
and Chris, went into the studio in June 1996 and recorded a full LP for Flat Earth, Called Rush Hour of the Gods. Bri would go on to join Khang, this band
Doom_(British_band)
American far right activist (born 1980)
was fabricated by the Smithsonian. In November 2019, he spoke at the Flat Earth International Conference in Dallas, Texas. In July 2023, he claimed that
Owen_Benjamin
Special effects company
Flat Earth Productions is a visual effects company founded by Kevin Kutchaver, Kevin O'Neill and Doug Beswick in 1995. Early works include the television
Flat_Earth_Productions
South Sudanese footballer (born 1999)
globe to play for Flat Earth FC". SMH.com.au. Retrieved 8 February 2024. "AUSSIE SIGNS FOR INFAMOUS SPANISH THIRD-TIER CLUB 'FLAT EARTH FC'". ftbl.com.au
Maker_Maker
Eschatological beliefs about the year
the Sun lie roughly within the same flat plane, known as the plane of the ecliptic. From our perspective on Earth, the ecliptic is the path taken by the
2012_phenomenon
Purported phenomena beyond the scope of normal scientific understanding
studies on the surface of Mars and examining meteors that have fallen to Earth. Projects such as SETI are conducting an astronomical search for radio activity
Paranormal
American media personality (born 1981)
December 2, 2016. Retrieved February 19, 2018. "Flat Earth: Celebrities Who Think the World Is Flat". Peoplemag. Archived from the original on April
Tila_Tequila
Film by Stephen Norrington
Shampoo factory in Canoga Park. The effects for the film were done by Flat Earth Productions. The first cut of the film was 140 minutes long. It had a
Blade_(1998_film)
Antarctic seasonal camp
most flat Earth beliefs. The actual expedition included both flat Earthers and "globe Earthers" (people who accept the spherical shape of the Earth), selected
Union_Glacier_Camp
describing a flat Earth surrounded by a sea. The ancient Greek historian Herodotus (484–425 BC) also gave an account of the eastern "end of the Earth", in his
Theories about Alexander the Great in the Quran
Theories_about_Alexander_the_Great_in_the_Quran
Experiment to determine the shape of the Earth
wager that he could show, by repeating Rowbotham's experiment, that the Earth was flat. The naturalist and qualified surveyor Alfred Russel Wallace accepted
Bedford_Level_experiment
American evangelist and Flat Earth theorist (1870–1942)
Voliva (March 10, 1870 – October 11, 1942) was an American cult leader and Flat Earth theorist who controlled the town of Zion, Illinois, during the early 20th
Wilbur_Glenn_Voliva
English boxer (born 1977)
Froch claiming Earth is flat, Froch responds". 26 September 2019. "Carl Froch denies moon landings happened – and says the Earth is flat". 24 September
Carl_Froch
American author and conspiracy theorist (born 1970)
would levitate right off the Earth" if the oceans were not salty. He claims that chemtrails exist, that the Earth is flat, and that solar panels drain
David_Avocado_Wolfe
Size and shape used to model the Earth for geodesy
best-fit reference ellipsoid. For surveys of small areas, a planar (flat) model of Earth's surface suffices because the local topography overwhelms the curvature
Figure_of_the_Earth
Pseudoscientific claims of past alien contact
hold that intelligent extraterrestrial beings (alien astronauts) visited Earth and made contact with humans in antiquity and prehistoric times. Proponents
Ancient_astronauts
Pyongyang International Airport in North Korea and on the logo of the Flat Earth Society. It was also excluded from maps promoting the 2015 Rugby World
Omission of New Zealand from maps
Omission_of_New_Zealand_from_maps
Study of UFOs
collaborate with Earth's inhabitants in suppressing poverty". Posadas wished to collaborate with extraterrestrials to create a socialist system on Earth. The adoption
Ufology
FLAT EARTH
FLAT EARTH
Girl/Female
American, Australian
Flat Clearing
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Chinese
Flat Grassland
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
From the Flat Lands
Male
Russian
(Филат) Pet form of Russian Feofilakt, FILAT means "God-guard."
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Flat Meadow
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Flat Meadow
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Flat Meadow
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly East Anglia)
English (chiefly East Anglia) : topographic name for someone who lived on a flat, a patch of level or low-lying ground (Old Norse flat, flǫt).South German : variant of Flath 2.
Boy/Male
French
From the flat land.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Even-tempered, flat country.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Middle English fÅde ‘child’, literally ‘that which is fed’, from Old English fÅda ‘food’.
Boy/Male
Native American
Flat iron.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Till End
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia) and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
English (East Anglia) and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : metonymic occupational name for someone who grew, sold, or treated flax for weaving into linen cloth, from (respectively) Middle English flax, German Flachs.
Boy/Male
Greek
Flat footed.
Boy/Male
Japanese
Flat and level field.
Girl/Female
American, Australian
Flat Clearing
Male
Celtic
, Mars.
Boy/Male
French
From the flat land.
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Flat Meadow
FLAT EARTH
FLAT EARTH
Girl/Female
Indian
Necklace of Lotus
Boy/Male
Australian, Chinese
Thunder; Upright
Boy/Male
Indian
One of the kauravas
Girl/Female
Indian
Red lotus
Boy/Male
Welsh
Guardian of the sea.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Bala Mani | பாலாமாநீ
Young jewel
Boy/Male
Muslim
Proof
Boy/Male
English
Foreigner.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Draupadi; Wife of the Pandavas
Boy/Male
Norse
A mythical divine Goth.
FLAT EARTH
FLAT EARTH
FLAT EARTH
FLAT EARTH
FLAT EARTH
superl.
Unanimated; dull; uninteresting; without point or spirit; monotonous; as, a flat speech or composition.
v. t.
To signal to with a flag; as, to flag a train.
superl.
Not sharp or shrill; not acute; as, a flat sound.
n.
A flat stone used for paving.
superl.
Below the true pitch; hence, as applied to intervals, minor, or lower by a half step; as, a flat seventh; A flat.
n.
The flat part, or side, of anything; as, the broad side of a blade, as distinguished from its edge.
superl.
Lacking liveliness of commercial exchange and dealings; depressed; dull; as, the market is flat.
v. t.
To lay with flags of flat stones.
n.
Something broad and flat in form
v. t.
To skin; to strip off the skin or surface of; as, to flay an ox; to flay the green earth.
superl.
Lying at full length, or spread out, upon the ground; level with the ground or earth; prostrate; as, to lie flat on the ground; hence, fallen; laid low; ruined; destroyed.
n.
A flat-bottomed boat, without keel, and of small draught.
n.
Plain; flat; level.
v. i.
To become flat, or flattened; to sink or fall to an even surface.
n.
The flat or broad side of a sword.
v. t.
To make flat; to flatten; to level.
superl.
Tasteless; stale; vapid; insipid; dead; as, fruit or drink flat to the taste.
v. i.
A float board. See Float board (below).
adv.
In a flat manner; directly; flatly.
adv.
Level with the ground; flat.